重庆市缙云教育联盟2021-2022学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题含解析

这是一份重庆市缙云教育联盟2021-2022学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。



重庆缙云教育联盟2021-2022学年（上）12月月度考试
高二英语
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意：本试卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，所有答案必须用2B铅笔涂在答题卡中相应的位置。第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，所有答案必须填在答题卷的相应位置。答案写在试卷上均无效，不予记分。


一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Swimming Holes in America In America,these secret swimming holes are hidden and hard to reach but well worth the adventure.
Cummins Falls
Looking for the best place to escape the summer heat in the heartland of America？For more than 100 years,Cummins Falls,a scenic,75-foot waterfall located in Jackson County,TN，has been a treasure for Tennessee natives.But now,the secret is out!Although it's a bit tough to get to,once in the park,the mountains and river provide unmatched beauty on your way to taking a swim in Tennessee's eighth-largest waterfall.
Sliding Rock
A popular place to cool off during those hot North Carolina summers,Sliding Rock waterfall is located in the Pisgah National Forest in Transylvania County.A flattened rock about 60 feet lies in a nearly 7-foot-deep pool at the bottom,making this natural waterslide a great place to visit with people of all ages.
Mooney Falls
It is the tallest water feature in the Grand Canyon,rising 190 feet above the surface.Named after an explorer in the 1800s,Mooney Falls is accessible only by crawling（爬）through 2 underground passages and then climbing down a sheer cliff（峭壁）face with just a couple of chains to hold on to.Although it is tough to get to,the view and the cool alone make it worth the trip.
Lihue Estate
A private swimming hole at the old Lihue Sugar Farm on Kauai,HI，was changed into an inner-tube water ride by Kauai Backcountry Adventures in 2003 and opened to adults.The waters for this 2.5-mile journey,which come from near the top of Mount Waialeale—one of the wettest spots in the world—are channeled through ditches（沟渠）that were hand-dug by farm workers over a century ago.
1. Which hole may be the favourable destination for families？ ______
A. Lihue Estate. B. Sliding Rock.
C. Mooney Falls. D. Cummins Falls.
2. What can we learn about Mooney Falls from the text？ ______
A. It was found by an explorer.
B. It was hand-dug in the 1800s.
C. It is dangerous to arrive there.
D. It is the tallest fall in the world.
3. What is special about Lihue Estate？ ______
A. It is man-made.
B. It is a private area.
C. Its water is from underground.
D. It lies on the top of Mount Waialeale
B
When HarmonyOS，the Chinese self-developed operating system for Huawei mobile devices,was released on Aug 9，it quickly became a hot topic on social media.Many believe it not only represents the rise of the country as a tech power,but also shows respect to classical Chinese culture by naming the system "Hongmeng" in Chinese.
"Hongmeng" is a classical word from Zhuangzi.In the ancient times of Chinese legend and myths （神话），"Hongmeng" was used to describe the original state of the universe before matter existed.For HamonyOS， "Hongmeng" indicates the developers' aim to make an innovative operating system,unlike any other.
Besides "Hongmeng"，Huawei has also registered many of its products under the names of legendary creatures from Chinese myths.For example,the company's Kirin mobile chip got its name after a lucky monster called "Qilin".And is server chip is called "Kunpeng"，a creature that changed from a fish into a giant bird.
Many Chinese Internet users and media have praised Huawei's use of these names,"as they stand for Chinese wisdom and ancient people's imagination and spirit of exploration"，Global Times noted.
In fact,Huawei is not alone in using traditional culture for modern ventures.Ne Zha,the new film,also portrays traditional culture in a modern context.The movie is loosely based on the well-known work of classical Chinese myth The Investiture of the Gods.Earlier this month it became the biggest animated movie in China and was called "the glory of domestic anime（国产动漫）".
Indeed,the long history and splendid classic works have given China a profound culture.Myths and legends are the creative works of tremendous imagination.As Global Times put it,today by revisiting a modern context, "ancient myths has the power to inspire imagination in young people".After all,imagination is the beginning of creation.
4. What do we know about HarmonyOS？ ______
A. Its release raised a storm of objections.
B. It is named after a creature in myth.
C. It combines high technology and culture.
D. It's the best operating system.
5. Which of the following best explains "innovative" underlined in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. creative B. modern C. popular D. intelligent
6. How do the public think of Huawei's use of the names？ ______
A. Confused. B. Unexpected. C. Approving. D. Doubtful.
7. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs？ ______
A. The film Ne Zha is not adapted from myths.
B. The film Ne Zha is a big hit.
C. More businesses follow Huawei's lead.
D. Ancient myths is a good choice for entertainment.
C
Foldable future has arrived Tablets are really useful devices,but their big screens always make them as a burden to carry around without a bag.Wouldn't it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit into the hand？
Now something like a tablet-shaped but foldable phone is about to show up.In February,Republic of Korean electronics company Samsung and China's Huawei both produced foldable phones,The Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X.Mobile phone use has entered the "foldable future"，The Verge said.
The technology could change our lives in meaningful ways.These devices,because of their bendable screens,give us the larger screens we want.Meanwhile,they still fit easily into the pocket.
The technology could change other devices too.For example,we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters,or fold up easily to hide away in drawers.In crowded modern cities,they will help us to make full use of space.
In a speech,Samsung's senior vice president of mobile product marketing,Justin Denison,called the foldable screen "the base for the smartphone of tomorrow". "It's a white paper for us to do something beautiful together," he said.
According to tech news website Android Authority,the necessary parts of foldable phones were difficult to produce.In 2012，nine out of every 10 OLED screens produced were not perfect.Today,that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent.However,at present these foldable devices are expensive.For example,the price of Huawei Mate X is 17，500 RMB.That's a price that few people will be able to afford.
But if the foldable device isn't going to change the world overnight,there is no doubt that it is coming.Patrick Moorhead,an industry analyst told The Verge,"Few are debating if foldable mobile screens are the future of smartphones；the only question is when and by whom."
8. What is the main idea of Paragraphs 3 and 4？ ______
A. Possible advantages of the foldable screens.
B. Where the idea of foldable screens came from.
C. Popular foldable screen devices on the market.
D. People's words on the foldable screen.
9. What can we learn from Denison's words？ ______
A. The Galaxy Fold still has many problems.
B. The foldable screen has bright future.
C. The production of foldable phones will soon increase.
D. Companies need to work together to develop foldable phones.
10. Which statement is TRUE about the problem of foldable phones now？ ______
A. 90 percent of their screens are not perfect.
B. Their screens are difficult to produce.
C. They are too expensive for most families.
D. They are not as useful as thought.
11. What is the author's attitude toward the future of the foldable screen？ ______
A. Positive. B. Unconcerned. C. Worried. D. Cautious.
D
Each nation has many good people who help to take care of others.For example,some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals,orphanages or homes for the aged.They read books to the people in these places,or they just visit them or listen to their problems.Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or disabled.They paint,clean up,or repair houses,do their shopping and mow their lawns（修整草坪）.
For boys who no longer have fathers,there is an organization called Big Brothers.College students and other men take these boys to basketball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers.
Such city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or learn.Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains,the beaches,museums or other places.Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers.They are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls.
Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.
12. What can you find volunteers doing in the United States according to the passage？ ______
A. Helping passengers get on a bus.
B. Guiding visitors in the park.
C. Helping old people in their daily life.
D. Cleaning streets on weekends.
13. How do volunteers usually help patients or the disabled？ ______
A. They do their shopping and other housework.
B. They cook,sew or wash their clothes.
C. They tell stories and sing and dance for them.
D. They clean,wash and repair their cars.
14. Why do most of the clubs use many high school or college students as volunteers？Because they ______ .
A. have more free time than others
B. can understand them more easily
C. know how to work with younger people
D. are energetic to manage it
15. What might be the best title of this passage？ ______
A. Please be happy with others.
B. How to be a happiest man in the world.
C. To help others is to help yourself.
D. Give others a hand,and you'll be happy.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Critical thinking is making an effort to improve the way you think. (1) We use this process to solve problems,make arguments and evaluate claims.It's important in just about every area of life.
Most of our thinking is not critical thinking.We don't need to make many judgments to travel to work or cook dinner. (2) Critical thinking can save us from blindly making poor choices.So how can you improve your critical thinking skills？You need to practise.There are many ways of doing that.Here are a few：
• (3) Look at articles or books written by people on all sides of the issue.For each source,evaluate the argument：What claim is it making？What reasons does it give？Are the reasons logical？
• When you see or hear a claim,ask questions about it.Who is making the claim and why？What is the claimant's background and how does this motivate their opinion？
• Evaluate your own thinking.Where do you tend to not think critically？Why don't you？How can you improve？
• Question things you assume.What claims do you accept without knowing the reasons for them？ (4) Try to find out what others believe about that claim and why.
As you grow in critical thinking,you'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. (5)

A.Stick to your claim.
B.Read about a topic people disagree on.
C.When you think of one,do some research.
D.It's analyzing facts separately so you can make decisions.
E.And it may help you to succeed at work or school as well.
F.We'll only use it if we make a conscious effort to ask questions about what we see.
G.But when a problem comes our way,we need to think critically to decide how to solve it.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Two Candles Tom was a middle-aged leather trader whose repeated failure in his career made him a depressed man,often(21) that he had been cheated by others.One day he told his wife he was so(22)with the city that he had to leave.
So his family moved to another city.It was the evening of a weekend.When Tom and his wife were busily(23) up their new home,the light suddenly went out.They had to stop work.Tom was regretful to have forgotten to bring along candles and had to wait(24)in a low mood.Just then he heard slight knocks on his door that sounded clear in the(25) night.
"Who's it？" he wondered,since Tom was a(26)to this city.And this was the moment he especially hated to be disturbed,so he went to the door and opened it(27).At the door was a little girl,shyly asking,"Sir,do you have candles？I'm your neighbor.""No," answered Tom in anger and shut the door(28) . "What a nuisance（讨厌鬼）!" he complained over it with his wife. "No sooner had we settled down than the neighbor came to(29)things."
After a while,the door was knocked again.He opened it and found the same girl outside.(30)this time she was(31) two candles,saying,"My grandma told me the new neighbor downstairs might need candles.She sent me here to give you these." Tom was very(32)by what he saw.When he became fully aware,he said,"Thank you and your grandmother.God bless you!"
At that moment he suddenly realized what caused his(33) in life.It was his(34)and harshness（刻薄）with other people.The person who had cheated him in life was actually nobody else but himself,for his life had been darkened by his unsympathetic(35).
21.  A. hoping B. telling C. complaining D. pretending
22.  A. inspired B. disappointed C. embarrassed D. impressed
23.  A. building B. turning C. coming D. tidying
24.  A. anxiously B. doubtfully C. hopefully D. helplessly
25.  A. dark B. quiet C. cold D. sleepless
26.  A. newcomer B. traveler C. guest D. settler
27.  A. surprisedly B. delightedly C. impatiently D. willingly
28.  A. gently B. kindly C. politely D. violently
29.  A. lend B. sell C. fetch D. borrow
30.  A. And B. So C. But D. For
31.  A. holding B. hiding C. blowing D. lighting
32.  A. frightened B. pleased C. puzzled D. surprised
33.  A. failure B. dissatisfaction
C. complaint D. determination
34.  A. responsibility B. apology
C. coldness D. concept
35.  A. mind B. opinion C. behavior D. look

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Before the 17th century,most of the native English speakers lived in England.After the 17th century,British people began to move to other（1）______（country）.Gradually,English was spoken there.At present （2）______（many） people speak English as their first,second or a foreign language than ever before.（3）______（luck），native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
My favourite thing to do during the summer is to go to Grandpa's lake cabin（小屋）.In the evening after a full day of fishing,Grandpa and I sit on the bank enjoying the scenery.The sun setting behind the mountains（4）______（ fill） the blue sky with orange and yellow.Colorful sailboats float by us（5）______（slow）.Suddenly,a fish jumps out of the water,making tiny waves in rings.
A few days ago,I（6）______（ invite）to give a lecture on anxiety to several hundred people.As I approached the platform,my heart pounded and my mouth went dry.To calm myself,I tried an unusual way.I（7）______（ ask） the audience,"How many of you feel nervous when you give a speech？" Almost all hands went up. "Well,that's exactly（8）______ I feel right now!" The audience responded with laughter.I relaxed and was able to get on with speech.

五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你的好友Chris在暑假期间痴迷于网络直播，经常花很多时间观看各种节目，请根据以下要点提示，给Chris写一封信：
（1）分析网络直播受欢迎的原因；
（2）阐述过度观看的危害；
（3）提出合理建议．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．参考词汇：网络直播 webcast直播间 live studio过度观看 excessive viewing
Dear Chris,
I'm really worried about your present situation where ______________
Yours,
Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Many years ago,when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver,I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas.
I stopped at a gas station（加油站）about 50 miles from Oklahoma City,where I was planning to stop and visit a friend.While I was standing in line at the cash register（收款台），I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.
I took off,but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car.I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station.They said they would take me to my friend's .We chatted on the way into the city,and when I got out of the car,the husband gave me his business card.
I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me.Soon afterward,I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.
Years later,I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning.In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I'd left the lights on all day,and the battery（电池）was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership - a shop selling cars - was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.
I entered the shop,and one of the salesmen came to me._______
After a while,they quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it._____
答案和解析

1.【答案】
【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】A


【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"A flat rock about 60 feet lies in a nearly 7-foot-deep pool at the bottom,making this natural waterslide a great place to visit with people of all ages.（底部有一个近7英尺深的水池，面有一块大约60英尺高的扁平岩石，这使得这个天然的滑水道成为各个年龄段的人游玩的好地方。）"可知，Sliding Rock适合各个年龄段的人游玩。一个家庭中可能有不同年龄段的人，所以Sliding Rock比较适合家庭。故选B。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Named after an explorer in the 1800s,Mooney Falls is accessible only by crawling （爬） through 2 underground passages and then climbing down a sheer cliff （峭壁） face with just a couple of chains to hold on to.Although it is tough to get to,（穆尼瀑布以19世纪一位探险家的名字命名，要进入穆尼瀑布，只能爬过2个地下通道，然后沿着陡峭的悬崖面爬下去，只能抓住几根铁链。很难到达那里，）"可知，到达穆尼瀑布很难，要沿着陡峭的悬崖面爬下去，只有几根铁链可以抓。由此推之，到达那里是存在一定危险的。故选C。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"A private swimming hole at the old Lihue Sugar Farm on Kauai,HI，was changed into an inner-tube water ride by Kauai Backcountry Adventures in 2003 and opened to adults.The waters for this 2.5-mile journey,which come from near the top of Mount Waialeale -one of the wettest spots in the world - are channeled through ditches（沟渠）that were hand-dug by farm workers over a century ago.（2003年，在夏威夷考艾岛的老利休糖厂，一个私人游泳池被考艾岛野外探险公司改成了一个内管式水上游乐设施，并对成年人开放。在这段2.5英里的旅程中，水来自世界上最潮湿的地方之一----怀亚利尔山的山顶附近，通过一个多世纪前农场工人手工挖掘的沟渠引水。）"可知，Lihue Estate是经过人工建造而成的，不是自然形成的。而其他三个地方均未提及这一点。故这是Lihue Estate特别的地方。故选A。
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国的四个秘密游泳洞。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4.【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】C
【小题4】B


【解析】（1）C．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Many believe it not only represents the rise of the country as a tech power,but alsoshows respect to dlassical Chinese culture by naming the system "Hongmeng " in Chinese"许多人认为，它不仅代表了中国作为一个科技强国的崛起，而且用中文将该系统命名为"鸿蒙"，以表达对中国古典文化的尊重。可知许多人认为，它不仅代表了中国作为科技大国的崛起，而且通过将该系统命名为"Hongmcng"来表达对中国古典文化的尊重。由此可知，在很多人看来，它将科技和文化结合在了一起。故选C。
 （2）A．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"Hongmeng" indicates the developers' aim to make an innovative operating system,unlike any other""红蒙"是庄子的一个经典词汇。在中国古代的传说和神话中（神话），"红蒙"被用来描述物质存在之前宇宙的原始状态。可知，"Hongmeng"与其他操作系统不一样，由此可知，该操作系统是"创新性的"。故选A。
 （3）C．推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Many Chinese Internet users and media have praised Huawei's use of these names"《环球时报》指出，许多中国网民和媒体赞扬华为使用这些名字，"因为它们代表了中国人的智慧、古人的想象力和探索精神"。可知，公众表扬这个名字。由此可知，他们是赞成这个名字的。A.Confused迷惑的；B.Unexpected没有预料到的；C.Approving赞成的；D.Doubtful怀疑的。故选C。
 （4）B．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的"Earlier this month it became the biggest animated movie in China and was called"the glory of domestic anime （国产动漫）"本月早些时候，它成为中国最大的动画电影，被称为"国内动画的荣耀"。可知，本月早些时候，《哪吒》成为了中国最大的动画电影，被称为 "国产动画的荣耀"。由此可知，《哪吒》这部电影非常成功。故选B。
这是一篇说明文阅读。介绍了古老的中国文化焕发新生，从而激发了国人的想象力。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局做出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8.【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】A


【解析】（1）A.段落大意题。由第三段第一句The technology could change our lives in meaningful ways. （科技可以以有意义的方式改变我们的生活）和第四段第一句The technology could change other devices too. （这项技术也可以改变其他设备）可知，三、四两段主要讲述了可折叠屏幕可能存在的优点。故选A项。
（2）B.推理判断题。由第五段的In a speech. . .Justin Denison,called the foldable screen "the base for the smartphone of tomorrow". "It's a white paper for us to do something beautiful together, " he said. （Justin Denison……在一次演讲中称，可折叠屏幕是"未来智能手机的基础"。"这是一份白皮书，让我们一起做一些美好的事情， "他说。）可推断出，可折叠屏幕会有光明的未来。故选B项。
（3）C.细节理解题。由倒数第二段的However,at present these foldable devices are expensive.For example,the price of Huawei Mate X is 17，500 RMB.That's a price that few people will be able to afford. （然而，目前这些可折叠装置价格昂贵。例如，华为Mate X的价格是人民币17 500元。这个价格很少有人能负担得起。）可知，可折叠产品价格昂贵，很少人负担得起。故选C项。
（4）A.观点态度题。由最后一段第一句But if the foldable device isn't going to change the world overnight,there is no doubt that it is coming. （但如果这个可折叠装置不会一夜之间改变世界，那也毫无疑问，总有一天这会到来）可知，作者对可折叠产品持有积极态度。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了可折叠手机时代即将到来。
考查社会文化类阅读理解。做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12.【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【小题4】D


【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段"some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals,orphanages or homes for the aged.They read books to the people in these places,or they just visit them or listen to their problems."（美国的一些高中生和大学生经常花很多时间在医院、孤儿院或老人院做志愿者。他们给这些地方的人们读书，拜访他们或倾听他们的问题。）可知我们会发现美国的志愿者在日常生活中帮助老人，故选C。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第一段"Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or disabled.They paint,clean up,or repair houses,do their shopping and mow their lawns（修整草坪）."（其他的年轻志愿者去病人或残疾人的家里工作。他们涂刷墙壁、打扫卫生或修理房屋、购物或修剪草坪。）可知志愿者会帮助病人或残疾人购物和做家务，故选A。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据第三段"Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers.They are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls."（大多数俱乐部使用高中生和大学生作为志愿者。他们还年轻，还记得更小的男孩和女孩的问题。）可知大多数俱乐部使用高中生和大学生作为志愿者是因为他们和俱乐部成员们年龄相差少，更容易理解他们。故选B。
（4）D.标题判断题。文章第一段提到每个国家都有许多善良的人帮助照顾别人，然后列举了美国志愿者们的活动，他们帮助的人群和具体的志愿者活动，高中生和大学生在某些俱乐部是受欢迎的志愿者。最后一段"Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others."概括了志愿者的信念，他们认为能够帮助别人，给别人带来幸福的人是最幸福的。D项Give others a hand,and you'll be happy.（给别人帮助，你就会快乐）能概括全文，适合作为标题。故选D。
本文是说明文。每个国家都有许多志愿者在帮助别人，文章列举了志愿者们的活动，他们帮助的人群和具体的志愿者活动，志愿者们认为能够帮助别人，给别人带来幸福是最幸福的。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

16.【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】G
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【小题5】E


【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据上文"Critical thinking is making an effort to improve the way you think.（批判性思维是努力改善你的思维方式。）"以及后文"We use this process to solve problems,make arguments and evaluate claims.It's important in just about every area of life. （我们用这个过程来解决问题，进行论证和评估需求。它在生活的方方面面都很重要） "可知，上文提到了批判性思维的作用，后文提到了批判性思维的重要性，可推测本句应承接上文说明批判性思维的具体操作过程，D选项中It指上文中Critical thinking。故D选项It's analyzing facts separately so you can make decisions."它是分开分析事实，这样你就可以做出决定。"符合语境，故选D。
（2）G.推理判断题。根据上文"Most of our thinking is not critical thinking.We don't need to make many judgments to travel to work or cook dinner. （我们大多数的思维都不是批判性思维。我们不需要在出差或做饭时做出很多判断） "以及后文"Critical thinking can save us from blindly making poor choices.（批判性思维可以帮助我们避免盲目做出错误的选择）"可知，上文提到了不需要在出差或做饭时用到批判性思维，后文则说批判性思维可以帮助避免盲目做出错误的选择，可知本句与上文构成转折，说明需要使用到批评性思维的情况，故G选项But when a problem comes our way,we need to think critically to decide how to solve it."但是当一个问题出现在我们面前时，我们需要批判性地思考来决定如何解决它。"符合语境，故选G。
（3）B.标题归纳题。根据后文"Look at articles or books written by people on all sides of the issue.For each source,evaluate the argument：What claim is it making？What reasons does it give？Are the reasons logical？ （看看有关这个问题的各方人士所写的文章或书籍。对每一个来源，评价论点：它的主张是什么？它给出了什么理由？这些理由合乎逻辑吗？ ） "可知，后文提到了看有关这个问题的各方人士所写的文章或书籍，可推测就某个问题人们意见不一，B选项中a topic与后文中the issue相对应。故B选项Read about a topic people disagree on."读一个人们意见不一的话题。"符合语境，故选B。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据上文"Question things you assume.What claims do you accept without knowing the reasons for them？（质疑你认定的事情。在不知道理由的情况下，你接受了什么主张？ ） "以及后文"Try to find out what others believe about that claim and why. （试着找出其他人对这个说法的看法和原因。） "可知，本段的建议是质疑自己所认定的事情，后文提到了找到其他人对这个说法的看法和原因，可见是对这些自己质疑的事情做一些调查研究。故C选项When you think of one,do some research."当你想到一个，做一些研究。"符合语境，选项中的one是上文提到的claims中的一个。故选C。
（5）E.推理判断题。根据上文" As you grow in critical thinking,you'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person.（随着你批判性思维的成长，你会成为一个更明智、更有思想的人。） "可知，上文主要说明了批判性思维对人的好处，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明批判性思维可以对人产生的帮助。故E选项And it may help you to succeed at work or school as well."它也可能帮助你在工作或学校取得成功。"符合语境，故选E。
这是一篇说明文。批判性思维是努力改善你的思维方式，在生活的方方面面都很重要，文章主要介绍了一 些提高批判性思维的方法。
关于七选五的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21.【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】D
【小题5】B
【小题6】A
【小题7】C
【小题8】D
【小题9】D
【小题10】C
【小题11】A
【小题12】D
【小题13】A
【小题14】C
【小题15】A


【解析】（1）C．考查动词及语境理解。A．hoping希望；B．telling告诉；C．complaining抱怨；D．pretending假装。句意：汤姆是一个中年的皮革商，他的事业反复失败使他很沮丧，他经常抱怨被人骗了。根据空前whose repeated failure in career made him a depressed man可知，他事业的屡次失败使得他成为一个悲观的人，所以他常抱怨被别人欺骗。故选C。
（2）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A．inspired受鼓舞的；B．disappointed失望的；C．embarrassed尴尬的；D．impressed印象深刻的。句意：有一天，他告诉他的妻子，他对这个城市太失望了以至于自己不得不离开。根据上文Tom was a middle-aged leather trader whose repeated failure in career made him a depressed man,often（1）___ that he had been cheated by others.可知，他事业的屡次失败使得他成为一个悲观的人，所以他常抱怨被别人欺骗。故他对这个城市失望。故选B。
（3）D．考查动词（短语）及语境理解。A．building （up）建造； B．turning （up）出现，调大；C．coming （up）出现；D．tidying （up）收拾，整理。句意：那是在一个周末的晚上，汤姆和他的妻子正忙于整理他们的新家，灯突然熄灭了。根据上文 So his family moved to another city.可知，他和家人搬到了另一个城市，他和妻子应该正忙着收拾他们的新家。故选D。
（4）D．考查副词及语境理解。A．anxiously焦虑地；B．doubtfully怀疑地；C．hopefully有希望地；D．helplessly无助地。句意：汤姆后悔忘了带蜡烛，只好情绪低落地无助地等着。根据上下文可知，电灯熄灭了，家里又没有蜡烛，所以汤姆只能怀着低落的心情无助地等待。故选D。
（5）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A．dark黑暗的；B．quiet安静的；C．cold冷的；D．sleepless失眠的，不休息的。句意：就在这时，他听到轻轻的敲门声，在寂静的夜里听起来很清楚。根据下文可知是邻居敲门送蜡烛，那么应该是有敲门声，那敲门声在安静的晚上特别清楚。故选B。
（6）A．考查名词及语境理解。A．newcomer新来的人；B．traveler旅行者；C．guest客人；D．settler定居者。句意："这是谁呢？"他想知道，因为汤姆是这个城市的新来的人。根据上文可知，他们一家刚来到这个城市，自然是新来的人。故选A。
（7）C．考查副词及语境理解。A．surprisedly吃惊地；B．delightedly高兴地；C．impatiently不耐烦地；D．willingly情愿地。句意：这是一个他特别讨厌别人打搅他的时刻，于是他走到门口，不耐烦地把门打开。根据when he especially hated to be  （9）____，以及下文Tom in anger and shut the door可知，他不耐烦地打开门。故选C。
（8）D．考查副词及语境理解。A．gently温柔地；B．kindly亲切地；C．politely礼貌地；D．violently猛烈地。句意："没有，"汤姆生气地回答，使劲地把门关上。根据下文"What a nuisance （讨厌鬼）!" He complained over it with his wife.可知，他猛地关上门。故选D。
（9）D．考查动词及语境理解．A．lend借出；B．sell销售；C．fetch去取；D．borrow借入．句意：我们刚安顿下来，邻居就来借东西了．根据下文He complained over it with his wife.可知，汤姆之所以抱怨，一定是他以为小女孩需要蜡烛来借蜡烛．故选D．
（10）C．考查连词及语境理解。A．And和，表示递进；B．So因此，表示结果；C．But但是，表示转折；D．For为了，表示原因。句意：但是这次她拿着两支蜡烛，说，"我奶奶告诉我楼下的新邻居可能需要蜡烛．她让我来给你们这些。"根据上下文语境可知，此处与前面是转折关系。故选C。
（11）A．考查动词及语境理解。A．holding握住；B．hiding隐藏；C．blowing吹；D．lighting点亮。句意：但是这次她拿着两支蜡烛，说，"我奶奶告诉我楼下的新邻居可能需要蜡烛。她让我来给你们这些。"根据下文My grandma told me the new neighbor downstairs might need candles.可知，小女孩手里拿着两根蜡烛。故选A。
（12）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A．frightened害怕的，受惊的；B．pleased高兴的；C．puzzled困惑的；D．surprised吃惊的。句意：汤姆对他所看到的感到非常惊讶。根据上下文语境可知，这种情况出乎他的意料，所以他应该是很惊讶。故选D。
（13）A．考查名词及语境理解。A．failure失败；B．dissatisfaction令人不满的事物；C．complaint抱怨；D．determination决心。句意：在那一刻，他突然意识到是什么导致了他人生的失败。根据文章第一句中的repeated failure可判断，他突然意识到是什么造成了他生活中的失败。故选A。
（14）C．考查名词及语境理解。A．responsibility责任；B．apology道歉；C．coldness冷漠；D．concept观念，概念。句意：正是他自己对其他人的冷漠与刻薄．根据前文汤姆开始对小女孩的态度可判断，他确实是个冷漠与刻薄之人。故选C。
（15）A．考查名词及语境理解。A．mind心智；B．opinion观点；C．behavior行为；D．look表情。句意：在生活中欺骗他的人其实不是别人，而是他自己，因为他的生活已经被他无情的心灵所蒙蔽．根据上文The person who had cheated him in life was actually nobody else but himself,for his life had been darkened by his unsympathetic可知，在生活中欺骗他的人其实不是别人，而是他自己，因为他的生活已经被他无情的心灵所蒙蔽。故选A。
本文是一篇故事类完形填空，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了一个皮货商在低谷时期误会了邻居送蜡烛的好意，最终明白对待这个社会要热情积极，不要冷漠刻薄的看待事物，那样会让自己失败的故事。
考查完形填空。完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。

36.【答案】countries

【解析】（1）countries.考查名词，句意：十七世纪之后，英国人开始移民到其他国家。country为可数名词，other后跟可数名词复数。故填countries。
 （2）more.考查形容词的比较级。句意：目前，把英语作为第一、第二或外语的人比以往多。根据下文中比较级的标志词than可知，表示比以往有更多的人，用many的比较级。故填more。
 （3）Luckily.考查副词。句意：幸运的是，以英语为母语的人可以相互理解，即使他们说的是不同的英语。分析句子可知，空处为副词作状语，修饰整个句子，表示"幸运的是"。故填Luckily。
（4）fills.考查时态。句意：山后的夕阳使蓝色的天空充满了橙色和黄色。根据前后文可知本句是一般过去时，主语sun是第三人称单数形式，故填fills。
（5）slowly.考查副词。句意：五颜六色的帆船缓缓地从我们身边漂过。此处是用副词修饰动词float,slowly是副词"缓慢地"，故填slowly。
（6）was invited.考查被动语态。句意：几天前，我应邀给几百人做了一个关于焦虑的讲座。根据句意可知是我被要求，I与动词wait之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，根据时间A few days ago几天前，应该用过去时，故填was invited。
（7）asked.考查时态。句意：我问观众。根据前后可知是I询问观众，本文是过去时，故填asked。
（8）how.表语从句。句意：这正是我现在的感受！分析从句可知本句缺少方式状语，应该用how引导，故填how。
A.本文介绍了英语在全世界的传播和发展。
语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。

37.【答案】Dear Chris,
I'm really worried about your present situation where you've been addicted to webcast in summer holidays and always spend a lot of time watching programs in various kinds of live studios. My opinions are as follows.（写信目的）
Undeniably, webcast is quite popular among young people, for it makes online shopping more convenient and leisure time colorful. （分析网络直播受欢迎的原因）However, there exist some potential risks if we have excessive viewing of it. Initially, it will do harm to our health, which may cause short-sightedness. 【高分句型一】Besides, excessive viewing takes up too much time and energy which should be put into study.（阐述过度观看的危害）
Thus, never should we be an addict to webcast, wasting too much precious time on it. 【高分句型二】It's wiser to set aside some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful.（提出合理建议）
Best wishes!
Yours truly,
Li Hua

【解析】高分句型一：Initially, it will do harm to our health, which may cause short-sightedness.
译文：最初，它会对我们的健康造成危害，从而可能导致近视．
分析：which引导非限制性定语从句．
高分句型二：Thus, never should we be an addict to webcast, wasting too much precious time on it.
译文：因此，我们不应该沉迷于网络广播，浪费太多宝贵的时间．
分析：这句话使用never置于句首，后面接部分倒装．
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法．需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题．尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少．

38.【答案】I entered the shop,and one of the salesmen came to me.I recognized him at once.The two salesmen were the older couple,and they were the owners of the Friendly Ford dealership. "Hey,it's you!You ever helped me,remember？" I said to them excitedly. "Yeah,we did!" the old man laughed, "we run the shop to help more people.You know,it makes our life so meaningful!"（作者再次得到这对老年夫妇的帮助）
After a while,they quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.They solved my trouble once again,but when I paid for it,they would not accept my money.【高分句型一】They told me that when they ran the shop at first,no one had ever taken the time to write them and say thank you,but now they have received more and more thank you notes from people,which they were really happy about.【高分句型二】（作者的车被修好后，这对夫妇拒绝收钱，并且讲述了其中的原因）

【解析】本文描述了作者受到同一对夫妇帮助两次的故事。
高分句型一：They solved my trouble once again,but when I paid for it,they would not accept my money.
翻译：他们又一次解决了我的麻烦，但当我付钱时，他们不接受我的钱。
分析：本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：They told me that when they ran the shop at first,no one had ever taken the time to write them and say thank you,but now they have received more and more thank you notes from people,which they were really happy about.
翻译：他们告诉我，当他们最初经营这家商店时，从来没有人花时间给他们写信和说谢谢，但现在他们收到了越来越多的人们的感谢信，他们对此感到非常高兴。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
解题方法点拨
      （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。