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译林版英语九年级上册信息还原专题知识点
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这是一份译林版英语九年级上册信息还原专题知识点，共11页。主要包含了解题步骤等内容，欢迎下载使用。
给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。
考查重点：
主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
以说明文为主，内容、主题多是社会生活和文化科技；题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。其中有考查非完整句的情况。
选项特点：
主旨概括句（ 段落整体内容 ）
过渡性句子（ 承上启下 ）
注释性句子（ 前后句子之间的逻辑关系 ）
知识点二、解题步骤
【例题精讲】
Vacatins are imprtant. We need t take time ut frm wrk t relax, and just be urselves. __1.__ We shuld all be allwed t leave ur jbs behind us — at least fr a few weeks each year — and just have fun. This might be smething as simple as reading a gd bk in frnt f a warm fireplace thrugh t travelling t the mst interesting places n ur planet. Whatever we fancy ding is wrth taking time ut fr.
Wrkplace stress is n the rise. _2._ These include disease, depressin and even death. We all seem t be running frm ne place t the next, never finding ut where we want t g in the first place. I intend t break that trend in the cming days. __3.__ I will sleep late, write, watch mvies, drink the ccasinal glass f wine, and eat t my heart’s cntent ignring calrie cunting. My plan is t just enjy the fleeting mments f being alive.
_4.__ Spend yur next vacatin the way yu want. D what will restre yur mental health. Yu’re very valuable t the peple wh are clse t yu, and t thse wh depend n it. Like it r nt, we are all interdependent in this great life f urs.
Yu are valuable. Just remember that the next time yu lk at the mirrr and take a deep breath. Remind yurself that there will never be anyne like yu ever n this earth again. __5.__ All yu have t d is just ask yurself what yu want t d.
Step 1: 概览全文，把握文章大意和结构
Step 2: 翻译和理解选项，圈画关键词
A. With it cme many health prblems.
B. When yu finally get hme yu'll be greatly refreshed.
C. I challenge each ne f yu t d the same.
D. Draw up a detailed plan s yu can see mre.
E. Life is nt all abut wrk, r at least it shuldn't be.
F. And nly yu knw hw t vacatin yur way.
G. Fr my next hliday, I will d all the things that I lve ding.
Step 3:挖空位置推理
1)如果问题在段首
通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题
2）如果空格出现在段中，这时要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案
3)如果问题在段尾
通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefre, as a result, thus, hence, in shrt, t sum up, t cnclude, in a wrd等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
Step 4:前后衔接，点对点验证
1． 词汇衔接
正确选项中的关键词一般重复前一句的关键词，也与下一句的关键词相呼应。
2． 逻辑衔接
正确选项与原文空之前的句子在逻辑上是连贯的。例如，前一句使用althugh，那么正确选项的内容应该与之相反。
3． 代词衔接
正确选项中代词之后的关键词一定在原文的前一句谈论过。例如，如果选项中说this reward，而且这一选项是正确答案，那么原文中的空之前的句中一定出现过reward这个词或它的同义词。
1)词汇复现法
复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。
2)词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密（如：
3)代词线索
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
4)数字线索
包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇诸如rati, rate等等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。
5)逻辑关系线索
(a)并列与递进关系： and, r, als，neither…nr…,either…r…,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is t say ,as well as, the same …as, besides, additinally, furthermre, mrever, in additin t ,what is mre
(b)因果关系：because, fr, since, as, thus, hence, therefre, s, s…that, cnsequently, accrdingly, due t, thanks t, as a result ,because f ,in that, fr this reasn, f curse
(c)转折让步关系：but, hwever, yet, n the cntrary, by cntrast, n the ther hand, unfrtunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than ,instead f, it is true that, f curse, althugh, thugh, even thugh, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite f
(d)时间关系：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, t start with，in the mean time, last, later, next, secnd, secndly, then, third, thirdly, t begin with以及一些具体的时间。
【巩固练习】
Passage1
_____B_____The image includes the way yu lk, the way yu act, the way yu talk and the way yu think. Interestingly, ur self-images are ften quite different frm the images thers hld abut us.
Always lve yurself.
Self-image is yur wn mind’s picture f yurself.
Dn’t allw dubts t ccur in it .
Passage2
By 2020,Dr. David Davis believes ,car technlgy will give mtrists a clear view f the rad, whatever the weather cnditins, by prjecting an image f the rad ahead n t the car’s windscreen.____B___ Cars will be cnnected by an electrnic tw bar(牵引杠）t the car in frnt t frm “rad—trains”.
Every driver will use less fuel in the car he wns.
The car will autmatically speed up, r slw dwn, t match the speed f the car in frnt.
And it will nt be wned by ne individual.
And by 2030,cars will travel in line, linked t each ther electrnically.
Passage3
Surrund yurself with happy peple. It is easy t begin t think negatively when yu are surrunded by peple wh think that way. ______C__
A. There are sme tips in life that lead t happiness.
B. Being verweight r nt eating nutritius fds can have a negative effect n yur md.
C. On the cntrary, if yu are arund peple wh are happy, their emtinal state will be infectius.
Passage4
….half f shppers refused t queue fr mre than five minutes in a high street shp.
The Internet, which allws shppers t buy mre gds, with just a click f the muse, is ne f the reasn why peple’s patience appears t be thin.___B_____
A. It was typical in the past
B. But it wuld seem we are n lnger prepared t wait in line.
C. Mre peple prefer t click the muse fr shpping at hme
D. As a result, fd and drink sellers are. having t find new ways t deliver gd custmer service.
Passage5
…On the ther hand ,the advantages f ging verseas may include day-t- day pprtunities t learn a new culture, meet new friends with whm yu can use and practice the language, and chances t see different parts f the wrld. _B_____Thse disadvantages include expense, time away frm ne’s schl, family,…
The fllwing are its advantages.
Hwever, there may be a number f disadvantages.
Cnsider a distance educatin.
Mst f us are adapted t studying at schl.
Passage6
____C_____ They give mre backgrund and details. They als let yu read parts that are imprtant t yu and skip the rest.
Bth televisin and the Internet have many disadvantages.
Other high-tech timesavers have similar disadvantages.
Newspapers and magazines have sme imprtant advantages.
Passage7
___B_____It is a very happy day fr many bys and girls. Befre the terms ends in sme schls, the children act a nativity（基督诞生）r “birth” play, shwing hw Jesus was brn in a stable(马厩）。
A. Peple are ften busy ging shpping
B. Nw the Chinese peple als celebrate Christmas.
C. The turkey r chicken is quickly eaten.
D. Christmas Day falls n the twenty—fifty f December.
Passage8
That happens in the 1980s. And, mst recently, she says many kinds f peple have jined the mvement. ___D_____They represent many races, regins and plitical beliefs.
They are mainly rich peple
Parents chse hme—schling fr several reasns.
Mst ften, their parents are their teachers.
She says these include rich peple and pr peple.
Passage9
As in China, the weather is different frm area t area.___D__ The temperatures can fall t –60℃ ，which is 60℃ belw freezing. In the capital, Ottawa , the average f winter temperature is --10℃,and in summer 21 ℃.___C___ The average January temperature is 3 ℃,and in July it is 18 ℃
Canada is famus fr the kind f paper which is used fr newspapers
Canada is the secnd largest cuntry in the wrld .
The west cast f Canada is the warmest place in winter
In the Nrth, the winters are lng and hard with snw fr six mnths.
Fr tw centuries English and French settlers struggled against each ther.
Passage10
Sixty years ag, peple asked abut yur astrlgical sign. __B______ These days, having a web address is almst as imprtant as a street address.
Start simply.
Nwadays, they want t knw yur website.
At the tp f the page is a banner Graphic.
Passage11
…____C_____ Sme chse it because f their religius beliefs. Others say it prvides mre time fr the family t be tgether. They say hme ffers a better place fr learning. Sme parents….
A. S a number f parents began hme-schling
B. Hme –schling is nt accepted by all the peple
C. Parents chse hme –schling fr several reasns
D. Mst ften, their parents are their teachers
Passage12
This culd be watching TV r listening t music. Ding sme exercises earlier in the day shuld help yu feel physically as well as mentally tired .__B_____Hwever,
cffee r tea shuld be avided as they cntain caffeine and will keep yu awake….
A. S, what’s a gd sleep?
B. A bedtime drink can als help
C. Having a gd sleep will keep yu lively the whle day.
Passage13
Taking gd ntes is a time saving skill that will help yu t becme a better student in several ways._____C_____ Secnd, yur ntes are excellent materials t refer t when yu are studying fr a test. Third, nte-taking ffers….
Use wrds, nt cmplete sentences.
Yu must write yur ntes n separate paper.
First, the simple act f writing smething dwn makes it easier fr yu t understand and remember.
There are three practical nte-taking methds.
Passage14
Psychlgists think there may be many reasns why vilent games are mre harmful t children than vilent mvies. Firstly, players are actively invlved in vilence, and may begin t use weapns as secnd nature.____C_____
A. Children are mst likely t becme addicted t vilent videgames.
B. At least 12 murders since 1997 have been linked t an addictin with vilent vide games.
C. Secndly, vilent games prvide repetitive aggressive experiences that are rewarded by mre killing.
Passage 15
_____B__Hwever, the real mvie capital is Mumbai, in India. Mumbai used t be knwn as Bmbay, and s the film industry there is called “Bllywd”
A. Smetimes they even write the script by hand .
B. Mst peple think that the capital f the mvie wrld is Hllywd, in the United States.
C. They may even sht scenes fr several films n the same day using the same clthes.
Passage 16
It seems urgent, that cmmunicatins in transprt shuld be imprved. _A___ All ver cities, it seems that peple are t tired and t rushed t be plite.
A. Cmmunicatin between human beings shuld als be kept smth and plite.
B. Yet this is all t ften seen.
C. The public shuld bey the rules.
key wrds
动词
序数词
序数词
连词
代词
副词als
时间
structures
标题：大写，较短，结合全文
段首：根括文段
段尾：总结，承上启下
段中：承上启下
小标题
短小精悍 （多为名词性短语、祈使句）
给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。
考查重点：
主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
以说明文为主，内容、主题多是社会生活和文化科技；题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。其中有考查非完整句的情况。
选项特点：
主旨概括句（ 段落整体内容 ）
过渡性句子（ 承上启下 ）
注释性句子（ 前后句子之间的逻辑关系 ）
知识点二、解题步骤
【例题精讲】
Vacatins are imprtant. We need t take time ut frm wrk t relax, and just be urselves. __1.__ We shuld all be allwed t leave ur jbs behind us — at least fr a few weeks each year — and just have fun. This might be smething as simple as reading a gd bk in frnt f a warm fireplace thrugh t travelling t the mst interesting places n ur planet. Whatever we fancy ding is wrth taking time ut fr.
Wrkplace stress is n the rise. _2._ These include disease, depressin and even death. We all seem t be running frm ne place t the next, never finding ut where we want t g in the first place. I intend t break that trend in the cming days. __3.__ I will sleep late, write, watch mvies, drink the ccasinal glass f wine, and eat t my heart’s cntent ignring calrie cunting. My plan is t just enjy the fleeting mments f being alive.
_4.__ Spend yur next vacatin the way yu want. D what will restre yur mental health. Yu’re very valuable t the peple wh are clse t yu, and t thse wh depend n it. Like it r nt, we are all interdependent in this great life f urs.
Yu are valuable. Just remember that the next time yu lk at the mirrr and take a deep breath. Remind yurself that there will never be anyne like yu ever n this earth again. __5.__ All yu have t d is just ask yurself what yu want t d.
Step 1: 概览全文，把握文章大意和结构
Step 2: 翻译和理解选项，圈画关键词
A. With it cme many health prblems.
B. When yu finally get hme yu'll be greatly refreshed.
C. I challenge each ne f yu t d the same.
D. Draw up a detailed plan s yu can see mre.
E. Life is nt all abut wrk, r at least it shuldn't be.
F. And nly yu knw hw t vacatin yur way.
G. Fr my next hliday, I will d all the things that I lve ding.
Step 3:挖空位置推理
1)如果问题在段首
通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题
2）如果空格出现在段中，这时要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案
3)如果问题在段尾
通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefre, as a result, thus, hence, in shrt, t sum up, t cnclude, in a wrd等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
Step 4:前后衔接，点对点验证
1． 词汇衔接
正确选项中的关键词一般重复前一句的关键词，也与下一句的关键词相呼应。
2． 逻辑衔接
正确选项与原文空之前的句子在逻辑上是连贯的。例如，前一句使用althugh，那么正确选项的内容应该与之相反。
3． 代词衔接
正确选项中代词之后的关键词一定在原文的前一句谈论过。例如，如果选项中说this reward，而且这一选项是正确答案，那么原文中的空之前的句中一定出现过reward这个词或它的同义词。
1)词汇复现法
复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。
2)词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密（如：
3)代词线索
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
4)数字线索
包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇诸如rati, rate等等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。
5)逻辑关系线索
(a)并列与递进关系： and, r, als，neither…nr…,either…r…,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is t say ,as well as, the same …as, besides, additinally, furthermre, mrever, in additin t ,what is mre
(b)因果关系：because, fr, since, as, thus, hence, therefre, s, s…that, cnsequently, accrdingly, due t, thanks t, as a result ,because f ,in that, fr this reasn, f curse
(c)转折让步关系：but, hwever, yet, n the cntrary, by cntrast, n the ther hand, unfrtunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than ,instead f, it is true that, f curse, althugh, thugh, even thugh, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite f
(d)时间关系：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, t start with，in the mean time, last, later, next, secnd, secndly, then, third, thirdly, t begin with以及一些具体的时间。
【巩固练习】
Passage1
_____B_____The image includes the way yu lk, the way yu act, the way yu talk and the way yu think. Interestingly, ur self-images are ften quite different frm the images thers hld abut us.
Always lve yurself.
Self-image is yur wn mind’s picture f yurself.
Dn’t allw dubts t ccur in it .
Passage2
By 2020,Dr. David Davis believes ,car technlgy will give mtrists a clear view f the rad, whatever the weather cnditins, by prjecting an image f the rad ahead n t the car’s windscreen.____B___ Cars will be cnnected by an electrnic tw bar(牵引杠）t the car in frnt t frm “rad—trains”.
Every driver will use less fuel in the car he wns.
The car will autmatically speed up, r slw dwn, t match the speed f the car in frnt.
And it will nt be wned by ne individual.
And by 2030,cars will travel in line, linked t each ther electrnically.
Passage3
Surrund yurself with happy peple. It is easy t begin t think negatively when yu are surrunded by peple wh think that way. ______C__
A. There are sme tips in life that lead t happiness.
B. Being verweight r nt eating nutritius fds can have a negative effect n yur md.
C. On the cntrary, if yu are arund peple wh are happy, their emtinal state will be infectius.
Passage4
….half f shppers refused t queue fr mre than five minutes in a high street shp.
The Internet, which allws shppers t buy mre gds, with just a click f the muse, is ne f the reasn why peple’s patience appears t be thin.___B_____
A. It was typical in the past
B. But it wuld seem we are n lnger prepared t wait in line.
C. Mre peple prefer t click the muse fr shpping at hme
D. As a result, fd and drink sellers are. having t find new ways t deliver gd custmer service.
Passage5
…On the ther hand ,the advantages f ging verseas may include day-t- day pprtunities t learn a new culture, meet new friends with whm yu can use and practice the language, and chances t see different parts f the wrld. _B_____Thse disadvantages include expense, time away frm ne’s schl, family,…
The fllwing are its advantages.
Hwever, there may be a number f disadvantages.
Cnsider a distance educatin.
Mst f us are adapted t studying at schl.
Passage6
____C_____ They give mre backgrund and details. They als let yu read parts that are imprtant t yu and skip the rest.
Bth televisin and the Internet have many disadvantages.
Other high-tech timesavers have similar disadvantages.
Newspapers and magazines have sme imprtant advantages.
Passage7
___B_____It is a very happy day fr many bys and girls. Befre the terms ends in sme schls, the children act a nativity（基督诞生）r “birth” play, shwing hw Jesus was brn in a stable(马厩）。
A. Peple are ften busy ging shpping
B. Nw the Chinese peple als celebrate Christmas.
C. The turkey r chicken is quickly eaten.
D. Christmas Day falls n the twenty—fifty f December.
Passage8
That happens in the 1980s. And, mst recently, she says many kinds f peple have jined the mvement. ___D_____They represent many races, regins and plitical beliefs.
They are mainly rich peple
Parents chse hme—schling fr several reasns.
Mst ften, their parents are their teachers.
She says these include rich peple and pr peple.
Passage9
As in China, the weather is different frm area t area.___D__ The temperatures can fall t –60℃ ，which is 60℃ belw freezing. In the capital, Ottawa , the average f winter temperature is --10℃,and in summer 21 ℃.___C___ The average January temperature is 3 ℃,and in July it is 18 ℃
Canada is famus fr the kind f paper which is used fr newspapers
Canada is the secnd largest cuntry in the wrld .
The west cast f Canada is the warmest place in winter
In the Nrth, the winters are lng and hard with snw fr six mnths.
Fr tw centuries English and French settlers struggled against each ther.
Passage10
Sixty years ag, peple asked abut yur astrlgical sign. __B______ These days, having a web address is almst as imprtant as a street address.
Start simply.
Nwadays, they want t knw yur website.
At the tp f the page is a banner Graphic.
Passage11
…____C_____ Sme chse it because f their religius beliefs. Others say it prvides mre time fr the family t be tgether. They say hme ffers a better place fr learning. Sme parents….
A. S a number f parents began hme-schling
B. Hme –schling is nt accepted by all the peple
C. Parents chse hme –schling fr several reasns
D. Mst ften, their parents are their teachers
Passage12
This culd be watching TV r listening t music. Ding sme exercises earlier in the day shuld help yu feel physically as well as mentally tired .__B_____Hwever,
cffee r tea shuld be avided as they cntain caffeine and will keep yu awake….
A. S, what’s a gd sleep?
B. A bedtime drink can als help
C. Having a gd sleep will keep yu lively the whle day.
Passage13
Taking gd ntes is a time saving skill that will help yu t becme a better student in several ways._____C_____ Secnd, yur ntes are excellent materials t refer t when yu are studying fr a test. Third, nte-taking ffers….
Use wrds, nt cmplete sentences.
Yu must write yur ntes n separate paper.
First, the simple act f writing smething dwn makes it easier fr yu t understand and remember.
There are three practical nte-taking methds.
Passage14
Psychlgists think there may be many reasns why vilent games are mre harmful t children than vilent mvies. Firstly, players are actively invlved in vilence, and may begin t use weapns as secnd nature.____C_____
A. Children are mst likely t becme addicted t vilent videgames.
B. At least 12 murders since 1997 have been linked t an addictin with vilent vide games.
C. Secndly, vilent games prvide repetitive aggressive experiences that are rewarded by mre killing.
Passage 15
_____B__Hwever, the real mvie capital is Mumbai, in India. Mumbai used t be knwn as Bmbay, and s the film industry there is called “Bllywd”
A. Smetimes they even write the script by hand .
B. Mst peple think that the capital f the mvie wrld is Hllywd, in the United States.
C. They may even sht scenes fr several films n the same day using the same clthes.
Passage 16
It seems urgent, that cmmunicatins in transprt shuld be imprved. _A___ All ver cities, it seems that peple are t tired and t rushed t be plite.
A. Cmmunicatin between human beings shuld als be kept smth and plite.
B. Yet this is all t ften seen.
C. The public shuld bey the rules.
key wrds
动词
序数词
序数词
连词
代词
副词als
时间
structures
标题：大写，较短，结合全文
段首：根括文段
段尾：总结，承上启下
段中：承上启下
小标题
短小精悍 （多为名词性短语、祈使句）
