还剩4页未读，
继续阅读
外研版小学六年级下册英语易错知识点
展开
这是一份外研版小学六年级下册英语易错知识点，共7页。主要包含了形容词比较级详解，人称和数，句型专项归类，与字母相关的题型等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , yu 用 are.
3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物.单数用has , 复数用have. I ,yu 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is , 复数用there are.
5. sme, any 的选择:肯定句用sme, 疑问句和否定句用any.
6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) wh (谁) where (哪里) whse (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)hw ld (多大) hw many (多少)hw much(多少钱)
二、形容词比较级详解
当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级.比较级的句子结构通常是:
什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:
I'm taller and heavier than yu. (我比你更高和更重.)
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大.)
形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strng - strnger ,
② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier
④ 双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,ht – htter
☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西.
典型错误:My hair is lnger than yu.(我的头发比你更长.)
比较的两者是我的头发,你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性.
应该改为:My hair is lnger than yurs. 或My hair is lnger than yur hair.
比较级专项练习:
1.从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall lng big
(1) Hw is the Yellw River
(2) Hw is Mr Green He's 175cm.
(3) Hw are yur feet I wear size 18.
(4)Hw is the fish It's 2kg.
2.根据句意写出所缺的单词
(1) I'm 12 years ld. Yu're 14. I'm than yu.
(2) A rabbit's tail is than a mnkey's tail.
(3) An elephant is than a pig.
(4) A lake is than a sea.
(5) A basketball is than a ftball.
3.根据中文完成句子.
(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I'm than my brther.
(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that ne.
(3) 你比他矮四厘米. Yu are than he.
(4) 谁比你重 than yu
三、动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A,规则动词
① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 wrked , learned , cleaned , visited
② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried wrry – wrried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stpped
B,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , d – did , g - went , take - tk , buy - bught , get - gt , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was ,
are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - tld , draw - drew , cme - came , lse - lst , find - fund , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt
四、动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则:
① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如ding , ging , wrking , singing , eating
② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing
③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
五、人称和数
六、句型专项归类
肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I'm a student. She is a dctr. He wrks in a hspital.
There are fur fans in ur classrm. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I'm nt a student. She is nt (isn't) a dctr.
He des nt (desn't) wrk in a hspital. There are nt (aren't) fur fans in ur classrm.
He will nt (wn't) eat lunch at 12:00. I did nt (didn't) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆
小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 "nt".有动词be的句子则"nt"加在be后面,可缩写成"isn't, aren't",但am nt 一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(d, des, did),然后在它后面加上"nt",你也可以把它们缩写在一起如"dn't , desn't , didn't ).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"des"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .
一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用"yes",或"n"来回答.
如:Are yu a student Yes, I am / N, I'm nt.
Is she a dctr Yes, she is. / N, she isn't.
Des he wrk in a hspital Yes, he des. / N, he desn't.
Are there fur fans in ur classrm Yes, there are. / N, there aren't.
Are yu ging t buy a cmic bk tnight Yes, I am. / N, I am nt. (Yes, we are. / N, we aren't.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00 Yes, I will. / N, I will nt(wn't).
Are they swimming Yes, they are. / N, they aren't.
Did yu watch TV yesterday evening Yes, I did. / N, I didn't.
☆注意☆
小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(d, des, did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"des"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的.
特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , wh , which , when , whse , why , hw等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用"yes ,n"来回答.如:
What is this It's a cmputer.
What des he d He's a dctr.
Where are yu ging I'm ging t Beijing.
Wh played ftball with yu yesterday afternn Mike.
Which seasn d yu like best Summer.
When d yu usually get up I usually get up at 6:30.
Whse skirt is this It's Amy's.
Why d yu like spring best Because I can plant trees.
Hw are yu I'm fine. / I'm happy.
Hw did yu g t Xinjiang I went t Xinjiang by train.
☆其中hw又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: hw many(多少(数量)), hw much(多少(钱)), hw tall(多高), hw lng(多长), hw big(多大), hw heavy(多重)
例句:Hw many pencils d yu have I have three pencils.
Hw many girls can yu see I can see fur girls.
Hw many desks are there in yur classrm There are 51.
☆小结:hw many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,
Hw many + 名词复数 + d yu have 你有多少……
Hw many + 名词复数 + can yu see 你能看见多少……
Hw many + 名词复数 + are there… 有多少……
七:完全,缩略形式: I'm=I am he's=he is she's=she is they're=they are yu're=yu are there's=there is they're=they are can't=can nt dn't=d nt desn't=des nt isn't=is nt aren't=are nt let's=let us wn't=will nt I'll=I will wasn't=was nt
八、与字母相关的题型 ( 注:五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii O Uu )
(1)将所给字母的大小写写在四线格上
Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii
(2)写出下列字母的左邻右舍.
1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( )
(3)用小写字母抄写下列单词.
1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( )
(4)将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来
1. a c e 2. i e 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E
(5)写出与所给单词发音相同的字母(大小写).
1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.yu ( )
2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , yu 用 are.
3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物.单数用has , 复数用have. I ,yu 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is , 复数用there are.
5. sme, any 的选择:肯定句用sme, 疑问句和否定句用any.
6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) wh (谁) where (哪里) whse (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)hw ld (多大) hw many (多少)hw much(多少钱)
二、形容词比较级详解
当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级.比较级的句子结构通常是:
什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:
I'm taller and heavier than yu. (我比你更高和更重.)
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大.)
形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strng - strnger ,
② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier
④ 双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,ht – htter
☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西.
典型错误:My hair is lnger than yu.(我的头发比你更长.)
比较的两者是我的头发,你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性.
应该改为:My hair is lnger than yurs. 或My hair is lnger than yur hair.
比较级专项练习:
1.从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall lng big
(1) Hw is the Yellw River
(2) Hw is Mr Green He's 175cm.
(3) Hw are yur feet I wear size 18.
(4)Hw is the fish It's 2kg.
2.根据句意写出所缺的单词
(1) I'm 12 years ld. Yu're 14. I'm than yu.
(2) A rabbit's tail is than a mnkey's tail.
(3) An elephant is than a pig.
(4) A lake is than a sea.
(5) A basketball is than a ftball.
3.根据中文完成句子.
(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I'm than my brther.
(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that ne.
(3) 你比他矮四厘米. Yu are than he.
(4) 谁比你重 than yu
三、动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A,规则动词
① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 wrked , learned , cleaned , visited
② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried wrry – wrried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stpped
B,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , d – did , g - went , take - tk , buy - bught , get - gt , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was ,
are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - tld , draw - drew , cme - came , lse - lst , find - fund , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt
四、动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则:
① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如ding , ging , wrking , singing , eating
② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing
③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
五、人称和数
六、句型专项归类
肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I'm a student. She is a dctr. He wrks in a hspital.
There are fur fans in ur classrm. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I'm nt a student. She is nt (isn't) a dctr.
He des nt (desn't) wrk in a hspital. There are nt (aren't) fur fans in ur classrm.
He will nt (wn't) eat lunch at 12:00. I did nt (didn't) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆
小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 "nt".有动词be的句子则"nt"加在be后面,可缩写成"isn't, aren't",但am nt 一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(d, des, did),然后在它后面加上"nt",你也可以把它们缩写在一起如"dn't , desn't , didn't ).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"des"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .
一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用"yes",或"n"来回答.
如:Are yu a student Yes, I am / N, I'm nt.
Is she a dctr Yes, she is. / N, she isn't.
Des he wrk in a hspital Yes, he des. / N, he desn't.
Are there fur fans in ur classrm Yes, there are. / N, there aren't.
Are yu ging t buy a cmic bk tnight Yes, I am. / N, I am nt. (Yes, we are. / N, we aren't.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00 Yes, I will. / N, I will nt(wn't).
Are they swimming Yes, they are. / N, they aren't.
Did yu watch TV yesterday evening Yes, I did. / N, I didn't.
☆注意☆
小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(d, des, did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"des"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的.
特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , wh , which , when , whse , why , hw等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用"yes ,n"来回答.如:
What is this It's a cmputer.
What des he d He's a dctr.
Where are yu ging I'm ging t Beijing.
Wh played ftball with yu yesterday afternn Mike.
Which seasn d yu like best Summer.
When d yu usually get up I usually get up at 6:30.
Whse skirt is this It's Amy's.
Why d yu like spring best Because I can plant trees.
Hw are yu I'm fine. / I'm happy.
Hw did yu g t Xinjiang I went t Xinjiang by train.
☆其中hw又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: hw many(多少(数量)), hw much(多少(钱)), hw tall(多高), hw lng(多长), hw big(多大), hw heavy(多重)
例句:Hw many pencils d yu have I have three pencils.
Hw many girls can yu see I can see fur girls.
Hw many desks are there in yur classrm There are 51.
☆小结:hw many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,
Hw many + 名词复数 + d yu have 你有多少……
Hw many + 名词复数 + can yu see 你能看见多少……
Hw many + 名词复数 + are there… 有多少……
七:完全,缩略形式: I'm=I am he's=he is she's=she is they're=they are yu're=yu are there's=there is they're=they are can't=can nt dn't=d nt desn't=des nt isn't=is nt aren't=are nt let's=let us wn't=will nt I'll=I will wasn't=was nt
八、与字母相关的题型 ( 注:五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii O Uu )
(1)将所给字母的大小写写在四线格上
Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii
(2)写出下列字母的左邻右舍.
1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( )
(3)用小写字母抄写下列单词.
1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( )
(4)将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来
1. a c e 2. i e 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E
(5)写出与所给单词发音相同的字母(大小写).
1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.yu ( )
