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小学六年级下册英语单元知识点
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这是一份小学六年级下册英语单元知识点,共9页。
1、一般现在时:常与表示程度或频度的词连用,如:ften(经常) , usually(通常,一般) , smetimes(有时) , always(总是,一直) , never(从不),表示经常性或习惯性的动作,表示现在的特征或状态,表示普遍真理。用动词原形表示,第三人称单数后,动词要在词尾加s(或es,或变y为i再加es)。如:I ften get up at 7:00.
He ften gets up at 7:30.
2、现在进行时:表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。用am / is / are 加 动词ing形式表示,如: What are yu ding? I am reading a bk. What is he ding? He is singing.
3、一般将来时:常与表示将来的时间连用,如:tmrrw , next week , next year 等,表示将要发生的动作或情况。用 am/ is/ are 加 ging t形式表示,如:What are yu ging t d tmrrw? I’m ging t ride a hrse. 用will 加动词原形表示,如:What will yu d next Sunday? I will g shpping. 用am/ is/ are 加动词ing 形式表示,如:What are yu ding tmrrw? I’m ging bwling.
4、一般过去时:经常与表示过去的时间连用, 如: yesterday, last night等, 表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。动词要用动词的过去式。如:
Wh was first? Ken was first.
Where were yu yesterday? I was at hme.
What did yu d yesterday? I went t schl.
形容词的比较级和最高级:
1、单音节词:比较级加er, 最高级加est. 如:tall------taller-------- the tallest,
He is taller than his brther. Tm is the tallest in his class.
2、多音节词和部分双音节词:比较级加mre, 最高级加 the mst. 如:
interesting---------mre interesting---------the mst interesting,
Music is interesting subject. P.E. is mre interesting than music..
Science is the mst interesting subject.
形容词变为比较级的变化规则:(1)一般情况下,在形容词的词尾直接加er。如: tall—taller shrt—shrter.(2)以字母e结尾的形容词,在词尾直接加r,如:nice—nicer. late—later (3)以重读闭音节结尾,且结尾只有一个辅音字母的词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加er.如:big—bigger thin—thinner fat—fatter (4)以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节形容词,先变y为i , 再加er。如:easy—easier heavy—heavier funny—funnier.(2)、部分形容词比较级的不规则变化:gd—better well—better bad—wrse badly—wrse many—mre much—mre little—less far—farther
动词ing的变化规律:
1)直接加ing ,如: pen-pening, clean-cleaning, meet-meeting, sing-singing, study-studying, ……
2) 去掉词尾不发音的e ,如:take-taking, clse-clsing, cme-cming, drive-driving, have-having, use-using, write-writing, practice-practicing, ……
3) 重读闭音节的,双写最后的字母,加 ing , 如: sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-beginning , get-getting, swim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, becme-becming, ……
主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相同): 1) 直接加s, 如:ck-cks, cme-cmes, clse-clses,…
2)以, x, s, sh, ch 结尾+ es , 如: teach-teaches, g-ges, d-des, catch-catches, wash-washes, brush-brushes, miss-misses, ……
3) 辅音字母加y结尾,把y改为i ,+ es, 如:fly-flies, wrry-wrries, carry-carries, ……
4) 以f或fe结尾,把f或fe,改为v+ es.
5) 特殊:have-has, ……
6)家庭、亲属和朋友:姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好:与你的关系
wrds: family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmther(grandma/grand mum), father, mther, brther, sister, uncle, aunt, cusin, friend
相关句型: 1) Is he/she Tm’s cusin? Yes, he/she is. N, he/she isn’t.
2) Wh’s he/she? He’s / She’s my friend.
3) Hw many peple are there in yur family? Wh are they?
There are fur, my father, my mther, my brther and me.
注意: 1)名词单复数,如:family-families;
名词单数--复数规律:
(1)1) 直接加s, 如: by-bys, term-terms,
2)以, x, s, sh, ch 结尾+ es , 如: bx-bxes, class-classes, glass-glasses, cach-caches, dress-dresses, fax-faxes, inch-inches, match-matches,
3) 辅音字母加y结尾,把y改为i ,+es, 如:baby-babies, lady-ladies, factry-factries, peach-peaches, library-libraries, watch-watches ,
4) 以f或fe结尾,把f或fe,改为v+es: leaf-leaves, knife-knives, wife-wives, shelf-shelves, …
5) 特殊: man-men, pliceman-plicemen, wman-wmen, child-children, gse-geese, tth-teeth, ft-feet,
6) 不变: hair, milk, tea, cffee, water, bread, rice, paper, juice, meat, peple, fish, sheep, …
(2)名词所有格,表明是“谁的” 如: my cusin’s , his parents’
它的构成规则: 单数名词后+“ ’s”, Mike’s mther.
复数名词词尾有,其后只+“ ’”,Teachers’ Da教师节.
若是两人共有时,只在后者+ “’s ”,
Jim and Tm’s mther.吉姆和汤姆的母亲。
不是两者所共有的,两者都+ “ ’s ”,
Jim’s and Tm’s mther.吉姆母亲和汤姆的母亲。
名词若是无生命,所有格构成用f, a map f China.一幅中国地图
I一般过去时态 定义:表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。
结构:“主语+动词的过去式”
用法:
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
He was here yesterday.
I gt up at seven yesterday mrning.
My mther was at wrk yesterday afternn.
Did yu have a gd time last summer?
2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
My mther ften went t wrk by taxi last year.
When I was a student, I ften listened t music.
3. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有:一般过去式的用法:
一般过去式 表示过去的动作和状态,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句, 如yesterday, the day befre last, last week, tw days ag 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
I wrked in that factry last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。
I met him yesterday. 昨天我碰见了他。
I went t the Tian Lng Muntain yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山。
一般过去式构成:表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词 原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
4. 一般过去时的标志词: last year; last night
yesterday (+mrning, afternn, evening)
in +过去时间词: in 1998…
II 过去式规则变化
(a)动词词尾+“ ed ”。 walk →walked(走)need →needed (需要)
(b)动词词尾为“e”时,加“-d”。 live →lived (住)like →liked (喜欢)
(c)动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”加 “ ied ”,若是词尾为“元音字母+y”,只加“ ed ”。
study →studied (学习)play→ played (游戏)
(d)原形动词词尾为重读闭音节时,先双写该辅音字母再+ “ed” stp →stpped
III 过去式规则变化
(一) 不变
1.cut cut 2.let let 3.put put 4 read read 5.must must
(二)改成a
1. cme came 2.becme became 3. begin began 4. drink drank
5.have had 6.run ran 7. sit sat 8.ring rang
9. sing sang 10.swim swam 11.give gave
(三)改成ght
1. think thught 2.fight fught 3.bring brught 4. buy bught
5. catch caught 6. teach taught
(三)改成t
1.keep kept 2.sleep slept 3.sweep swept 4.feel felt
5.spend spent 6.learn learnt 7.mean meant
(四)改成ew
1.blw blew 2. knw knew 3.grw grew 4. draw drew
5.thrw threw 6. fly flew
(五)改成
1.get gt 2.frget frgt 3.write wrte 4.ride rde 5.drive drve
6.sell sld 7.tell tld 8.stand std 9.understand understd
10.speak spke 11.hear heard 12.take tk
(六)其他形式
1.make made 2.hear heard 3.eat ate 4.mean meant
5.say said 6.find fund 7.meet met 8.see saw
9.can culd 10.shall shuld 11.will wuld 12. may might
13.g went 14.see saw 15.wear wre
小学英语语法辅导:时态时间标志口诀集锦
1. 一般现在时:“总经常有每没(美眉^^)复星周”
总:always, usually等
经常:ften
有:smetimes (记住,“有”不是have,而是“有时”)
每:every week/mnth/year 等
没:never
复星周:n Mndays, n Tuesdays等
2. 一般过去时:“昨天上个XX(读作叉叉)前,in加年份when字连”(原创)
昨天:yesterday, 后面可以加mrning, afternn,evening等
上个:last,后面可以加week, mnth,year等
XX前:ag,前面可以加three weeks/mnths/years ag
in加年份:in 2009/2008/1986/1220等,2010前全用一般过去时,后年2012前就都是过去时了,2012,世界末日?电影看多了。
when字连:when I was a child等 when字后面都是过去时,也要用一般过去时。
3. 一般将来时时间标志口诀:正好和一般过去时对应:“明天下个XX后”
明天:tmrrw,后面可以加mrning, afternn,evening
下个:next,后面可以加week, mnth,year等
XX后:after和in,后面可以加three weeks/mnths/years
这里要注意一下,after后加时间点才表示将来,如after 3 ’clck 。加时间段表示过去,如after 2 hurs 表示过去。in后加时间段表将来,如in tw years。
4. 现在进行时:“现在时刻看和听,最近在哪请安静。”
现在:nw, at present, at the mment等
时刻:It’s ten ’clck. I’m beating Xia Qiang.
看和听:Lk! Listen!后面一般都用现在进行时。
最近:What are yu ding recently/these days?
在哪:Where is Xia Z? Xia Z is beating Xia Qiang.
请安静:Be quiet!/Dn’t make any nise!/Stp making nise! Xia Qiang is sleeping.
1、一般现在时:常与表示程度或频度的词连用,如:ften(经常) , usually(通常,一般) , smetimes(有时) , always(总是,一直) , never(从不),表示经常性或习惯性的动作,表示现在的特征或状态,表示普遍真理。用动词原形表示,第三人称单数后,动词要在词尾加s(或es,或变y为i再加es)。如:I ften get up at 7:00.
He ften gets up at 7:30.
2、现在进行时:表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。用am / is / are 加 动词ing形式表示,如: What are yu ding? I am reading a bk. What is he ding? He is singing.
3、一般将来时:常与表示将来的时间连用,如:tmrrw , next week , next year 等,表示将要发生的动作或情况。用 am/ is/ are 加 ging t形式表示,如:What are yu ging t d tmrrw? I’m ging t ride a hrse. 用will 加动词原形表示,如:What will yu d next Sunday? I will g shpping. 用am/ is/ are 加动词ing 形式表示,如:What are yu ding tmrrw? I’m ging bwling.
4、一般过去时:经常与表示过去的时间连用, 如: yesterday, last night等, 表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。动词要用动词的过去式。如:
Wh was first? Ken was first.
Where were yu yesterday? I was at hme.
What did yu d yesterday? I went t schl.
形容词的比较级和最高级:
1、单音节词:比较级加er, 最高级加est. 如:tall------taller-------- the tallest,
He is taller than his brther. Tm is the tallest in his class.
2、多音节词和部分双音节词:比较级加mre, 最高级加 the mst. 如:
interesting---------mre interesting---------the mst interesting,
Music is interesting subject. P.E. is mre interesting than music..
Science is the mst interesting subject.
形容词变为比较级的变化规则:(1)一般情况下,在形容词的词尾直接加er。如: tall—taller shrt—shrter.(2)以字母e结尾的形容词,在词尾直接加r,如:nice—nicer. late—later (3)以重读闭音节结尾,且结尾只有一个辅音字母的词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加er.如:big—bigger thin—thinner fat—fatter (4)以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节形容词,先变y为i , 再加er。如:easy—easier heavy—heavier funny—funnier.(2)、部分形容词比较级的不规则变化:gd—better well—better bad—wrse badly—wrse many—mre much—mre little—less far—farther
动词ing的变化规律:
1)直接加ing ,如: pen-pening, clean-cleaning, meet-meeting, sing-singing, study-studying, ……
2) 去掉词尾不发音的e ,如:take-taking, clse-clsing, cme-cming, drive-driving, have-having, use-using, write-writing, practice-practicing, ……
3) 重读闭音节的,双写最后的字母,加 ing , 如: sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-beginning , get-getting, swim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, becme-becming, ……
主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相同): 1) 直接加s, 如:ck-cks, cme-cmes, clse-clses,…
2)以, x, s, sh, ch 结尾+ es , 如: teach-teaches, g-ges, d-des, catch-catches, wash-washes, brush-brushes, miss-misses, ……
3) 辅音字母加y结尾,把y改为i ,+ es, 如:fly-flies, wrry-wrries, carry-carries, ……
4) 以f或fe结尾,把f或fe,改为v+ es.
5) 特殊:have-has, ……
6)家庭、亲属和朋友:姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好:与你的关系
wrds: family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmther(grandma/grand mum), father, mther, brther, sister, uncle, aunt, cusin, friend
相关句型: 1) Is he/she Tm’s cusin? Yes, he/she is. N, he/she isn’t.
2) Wh’s he/she? He’s / She’s my friend.
3) Hw many peple are there in yur family? Wh are they?
There are fur, my father, my mther, my brther and me.
注意: 1)名词单复数,如:family-families;
名词单数--复数规律:
(1)1) 直接加s, 如: by-bys, term-terms,
2)以, x, s, sh, ch 结尾+ es , 如: bx-bxes, class-classes, glass-glasses, cach-caches, dress-dresses, fax-faxes, inch-inches, match-matches,
3) 辅音字母加y结尾,把y改为i ,+es, 如:baby-babies, lady-ladies, factry-factries, peach-peaches, library-libraries, watch-watches ,
4) 以f或fe结尾,把f或fe,改为v+es: leaf-leaves, knife-knives, wife-wives, shelf-shelves, …
5) 特殊: man-men, pliceman-plicemen, wman-wmen, child-children, gse-geese, tth-teeth, ft-feet,
6) 不变: hair, milk, tea, cffee, water, bread, rice, paper, juice, meat, peple, fish, sheep, …
(2)名词所有格,表明是“谁的” 如: my cusin’s , his parents’
它的构成规则: 单数名词后+“ ’s”, Mike’s mther.
复数名词词尾有,其后只+“ ’”,Teachers’ Da教师节.
若是两人共有时,只在后者+ “’s ”,
Jim and Tm’s mther.吉姆和汤姆的母亲。
不是两者所共有的,两者都+ “ ’s ”,
Jim’s and Tm’s mther.吉姆母亲和汤姆的母亲。
名词若是无生命,所有格构成用f, a map f China.一幅中国地图
I一般过去时态 定义:表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。
结构:“主语+动词的过去式”
用法:
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
He was here yesterday.
I gt up at seven yesterday mrning.
My mther was at wrk yesterday afternn.
Did yu have a gd time last summer?
2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
My mther ften went t wrk by taxi last year.
When I was a student, I ften listened t music.
3. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有:一般过去式的用法:
一般过去式 表示过去的动作和状态,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句, 如yesterday, the day befre last, last week, tw days ag 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
I wrked in that factry last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。
I met him yesterday. 昨天我碰见了他。
I went t the Tian Lng Muntain yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山。
一般过去式构成:表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词 原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
4. 一般过去时的标志词: last year; last night
yesterday (+mrning, afternn, evening)
in +过去时间词: in 1998…
II 过去式规则变化
(a)动词词尾+“ ed ”。 walk →walked(走)need →needed (需要)
(b)动词词尾为“e”时,加“-d”。 live →lived (住)like →liked (喜欢)
(c)动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”加 “ ied ”,若是词尾为“元音字母+y”,只加“ ed ”。
study →studied (学习)play→ played (游戏)
(d)原形动词词尾为重读闭音节时,先双写该辅音字母再+ “ed” stp →stpped
III 过去式规则变化
(一) 不变
1.cut cut 2.let let 3.put put 4 read read 5.must must
(二)改成a
1. cme came 2.becme became 3. begin began 4. drink drank
5.have had 6.run ran 7. sit sat 8.ring rang
9. sing sang 10.swim swam 11.give gave
(三)改成ght
1. think thught 2.fight fught 3.bring brught 4. buy bught
5. catch caught 6. teach taught
(三)改成t
1.keep kept 2.sleep slept 3.sweep swept 4.feel felt
5.spend spent 6.learn learnt 7.mean meant
(四)改成ew
1.blw blew 2. knw knew 3.grw grew 4. draw drew
5.thrw threw 6. fly flew
(五)改成
1.get gt 2.frget frgt 3.write wrte 4.ride rde 5.drive drve
6.sell sld 7.tell tld 8.stand std 9.understand understd
10.speak spke 11.hear heard 12.take tk
(六)其他形式
1.make made 2.hear heard 3.eat ate 4.mean meant
5.say said 6.find fund 7.meet met 8.see saw
9.can culd 10.shall shuld 11.will wuld 12. may might
13.g went 14.see saw 15.wear wre
小学英语语法辅导:时态时间标志口诀集锦
1. 一般现在时:“总经常有每没(美眉^^)复星周”
总:always, usually等
经常:ften
有:smetimes (记住,“有”不是have,而是“有时”)
每:every week/mnth/year 等
没:never
复星周:n Mndays, n Tuesdays等
2. 一般过去时:“昨天上个XX(读作叉叉)前,in加年份when字连”(原创)
昨天:yesterday, 后面可以加mrning, afternn,evening等
上个:last,后面可以加week, mnth,year等
XX前:ag,前面可以加three weeks/mnths/years ag
in加年份:in 2009/2008/1986/1220等,2010前全用一般过去时,后年2012前就都是过去时了,2012,世界末日?电影看多了。
when字连:when I was a child等 when字后面都是过去时,也要用一般过去时。
3. 一般将来时时间标志口诀:正好和一般过去时对应:“明天下个XX后”
明天:tmrrw,后面可以加mrning, afternn,evening
下个:next,后面可以加week, mnth,year等
XX后:after和in,后面可以加three weeks/mnths/years
这里要注意一下,after后加时间点才表示将来,如after 3 ’clck 。加时间段表示过去,如after 2 hurs 表示过去。in后加时间段表将来,如in tw years。
4. 现在进行时:“现在时刻看和听,最近在哪请安静。”
现在:nw, at present, at the mment等
时刻:It’s ten ’clck. I’m beating Xia Qiang.
看和听:Lk! Listen!后面一般都用现在进行时。
最近:What are yu ding recently/these days?
在哪:Where is Xia Z? Xia Z is beating Xia Qiang.
请安静:Be quiet!/Dn’t make any nise!/Stp making nise! Xia Qiang is sleeping.