2022版高考英语一轮复习练案35选修6Module5Cloning练习含解析外研版20210520285学案

这是一份2022版高考英语一轮复习练案35选修6Module5Cloning练习含解析外研版20210520285学案，共9页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·河南省九师联盟质检)
As spring advances acrss the Midwest, a new study lking at blming(盛开的) flwers suggests nn­native plants might live lnger than native plants due t climate change.
The study—led by researchers at Indiana University and Michigan State University—has shwn warming temperatures affect native and nn­native flwering plants differently, which culd change the lk f lcal place ver time. “When a plant flwers determines whether it will be pllinated(授粉) by bees r ther insects and hw much time it will have t prduce seeds. Our data makes me wrry that we will have a very weedy wrld in ur future，” said the study's lead authr Jen Lau, an assciate prfessr in Indiana University.
The researchers' findings suggest nn­native plants may be better at shifting their flwering time cmpared t native plants. These differences are thught t influence a plant's success bth nw and in future warmer envirnments.
Lau and her students simulated(模拟) glbal warming in fields planted with 45 native and nn­native plants. Sme areas were warmed by infrared (红外线的) heaters, while ther areas were nt. Lau's lab surveyed all plants t determine when they first flwered and hw lng they flwered.
When plants were grwn in warmed plts simulating the climate change expected in the Midwest by the end f the century, the researchers fund that nn­native plants flwered mre than 11 days earlier n average. In cntrast, native plants didn't change flwering times at all when warmed.
They als fund earlier­flwering nn­native plants had greater gegraphic spread, suggesting that flwering earlier may help prmte successful ccupatin acrss large areas.
The findings suggest imprtant differences in hw native and nn­native plants respnd t climate change.
文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。一项新的研究发现，本土植物比非本土植物更易受气候变化的影响。
1．What des the new study find abut native plants cmpared with nn­natives？ D
A．They may have a lnger life cycle.
B．They are likely t have mre flwers.
C．They are mre adaptable t climate change.
D．They may be at greater risk frm climate change.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“ new study lking at blming(盛开的)flwers suggests nn­native plants might live lnger than native plants due t climate change.”可知，跟非本土植物相比，气候变化给本土植物带来的危险更大。故选D。
2．What d Jen Lau's wrds in paragraph 2 suggest？ C
A．She's quite sure that a weedy wrld is waiting fr us.
B．Plants may lse the ability t flwer in the future.
C．The timing f a plant's flwering is key t its life cycle.
D．A plant's flwering time almst has n effect n its pllinatin.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“‘When a plant flwers determines whether it will be pllinated(授粉)by bees r ther insects and hw much time it will have t prduce seeds.’”可知，植物的开花时间决定了它是否会被蜜蜂授粉以及它将有多少时间来产生种子。由此可推断，植物的开花时间是它生命周期的关键。故选C。
3．What des the underlined wrd “shifting” in paragraph 3 prbably mean？ A
A．Changing. B．Pstpning.
C．Arranging. D．Predicting.
解析：词意猜测题。画线词所在句子句意表示“研究人员的发现表明非本土植物可能比本土植物更擅长它们的开花时间”，再根据第五段“ researchers fund that nn­native plants flwered mre than 11 days earlier n average. In cntrast, native plants didn't change flwering times at all when warmed.”可推断，画线词义为“改变”。故选A。
4．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut？ B
A．Hw glbal warming affected plant species.
B．Hw the researchers tested their suppsitin.
C．Hw t keep the warmth f the planted fields.
D．Hw t determine the flwering times f plants.
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段“These differences are thught t influence a plant's success bth nw and in future warmer envirnments.”及第四段中提到“模拟全球变暖”和“用红外线加热器”等可推断，第四段主要讲述的是研究人员是如何测试他们的假设的。故选B。
B
New research shws that peple with blue eyes have a single, cmmn ancestr.A team at the University f Cpenhagen have tracked dwn a genetic mutatin (突变) which tk place 6,000－10,000 years ag and is the cause t the eye clur f all blue­eyed humans alive n the planet tday.
“Originally, we all had brwn eyes，” said Prfessr Hans Eiberg.“But a genetic mutatin affecting the OCA2 gene (基因)in ur bdy resulted in the creatin f a switch, which literally turned ff the ability t prduce brwn eyes.” The OCA2 gene cdes fr the s­called P prtein, which is invlved in the prductin f melanin (黑色素)．It gives clur t ur hair, eyes and skin.
The switch, which is lcated in the gene clse t OCA2, des nt, hwever, turn ff the gene entirely, but rather limits its actin t reducing the prductin f melanin in the eyeball—effectively turning brwn eyes t blue.The effect f the switch n OCA2 is very specific therefre.If the OCA2 gene had been cmpletely destryed r turned ff, human beings wuld be withut melanin in their hair, eyes r skin clur.
Variatin in the clur f the eyes frm brwn t green can all be explained by the amunt f melanin in the eyeball, but blue­eyed individuals nly have a small degree f variatin in the amunt f melanin in their eyes.“Frm this we can cnclude that all blue­eyed individuals are linked t the same ancestr，” says Prfessr Eiberg.“They have all inherited (继承) the same switch at exactly the same spt in their DNA.” Brwn­eyed individuals, by cntrast, have cnsiderable individual variatin in the area f their DNA that cntrls melanin prductin.
The mutatin f brwn eyes t blue represents neither a psitive nr a negative mutatin.It is ne f several mutatins such as hair clur, baldness, and beauty spts, which neither increases nr reduces a human's chance f survival.As Prfessr Eiberg says, “it simply shws that nature is cnstantly affecting the human genes and trying ut different changes as it des s.”
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了基因突变是如何改变人们眼睛的颜色的。
5．What is the finding f Prfessr Hans Eiberg's team？ D
A．The eye clur can be changed by adjusting genes tday.
B．Blue­eyed peple have survived due t their special genes.
C．The eye clur can help discver what peple's ancestrs were.
D．A genetic mutatin leads t the change f peple's eye clur.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“a genetic mutatin(突变)． the cause f the eye clur f all blue­eyed humans alive n the planet tday.”可知，Hans Eiberg教授团队发现基因突变导致人类眼睛颜色的改变。故选D。
6．What can we learn abut “the switch” frm Paragraph 3？ C
A．It prduces melanin directly.
B．It can be limited by ther genes.
C．It helps prduce less melanin.
D．It helps OCA2 functin in ur bdy.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“The rather limits its actin t reducing the prductin f melanin in the eyeball”可知，它有助于产生较少的黑色素。故选C。
7．Why can we cnclude all blue­eyed individuals are linked t the same ancestr？ D
A．They have almst the same gene.
B．They have mre variatin in genes.
C．They have mre melanin in their eyes.
D．They have a small degree f variatin in the amunt f melanin.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“but blue­eyed individuals nly have a small degree f variatin in the amunt f melanin in their eyes.‘Frm this we can cnclude that all blue­eyed individuals are linked t the same ancestr，’”可知，在他们的眼睛的黑色素数量上他们有着较少程度的改变是我们得出所有蓝色眼睛的人有共同祖先的原因。故选D。
8．What des the last paragraph want t tell us？ A
A．Nature affects ur genes.
B．Only the fittest can survive.
C．We are decided by ur genes.
D．Sme genetic mutatins are pintless.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“it simply shws that nature is cnstantly affecting the human genes and trying ut different changes as it des s”可推知，自然影响着我们的基因。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
(2020·四川省天府名校联考)
Is ur planet heating up? Are human beings t blame fr climate change? 1. G The discussin n this subject has been heated, but what are scientists actually saying? At Reader's Digest, we decided t find it ut.
2. B
Yes, it has, and even warmer. Greenland was frested between 450,000 and 800,000 years ag, s temperatures were cnsiderably warmer then. There have als been ther times f relatively high temperatures.
S why des the cncern exist?
It's all abut the speed at which temperatures are changing.
3. E But in the 20th and 21st centuries, especially since 1976, temperatures have prbably risen mre quickly than during any century in the past 1,000 years. Warming may bring imprved crp prductin and ther benefits t nrthern cuntries such as Canada r Russia. Hwever, many species may nt adapt t these cnditins, and the ne that is able t may cause a prblem. 4. F The West Nile virus, first seen in Nrth America nine years ag, infected abut 4,000 peple in the US in 2006. The muntain pine beetle, which is active during warmer winters, has already destryed abut 13 millin hectares f Canada's frests, wrth an estimated $6. 4 billin.
What is causing the warming?
IPCC has cncluded that human activity is very likely respnsible, by increasing the cncentratins f greenhuse gases and thus the greenhuse effect. 5. A They argue the human cntributin is nthing.
A．Sme scientists, hwever, still disagree.
B．Has the planet ever been this warm befre?
C．Has human behavir made the planet warm?
D．Temperatures have been changing all the time.
E．In the past, temperatures mved up r dwn gradually.
F．Msquites have been mving nrthwards t higher places.
G．These questins have burst int newspapers, films and ppular bks.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是科学家关注引起气候变暖的真正原因，及对该问题的讨论。
解析：
1．根据前文提出的两个问题可知，G选项中的these questins指代前文的两个问题；再根据下文可知，关于“气候变暖”的问题讨论一直很热烈，G选项中提到“气候变暖这些问题在报纸、电影和书籍中都提到过。”，由此可知，G选项能承接上下文，故选G。
2．根据下文的Yes, it has, and even warmer.(是的，有，而且更暖和。)，可知此句是答语，由it has也可推知，问句的部分包含has助动词，B项符合这个要求，且语义(地球以前有过这么温暖吗？)承接下文，故选B。
3．根据上下文可知，此处强调的是气候的变化，且E选项中的temperatures和上下文呼应，且语境承接上下文，故选E。
4．根据前文的many species(许多物种)可知，此处用“Msquites”进行举例说明，因为一些物种无法适应这种环境，所以蚊子向北移到较高的地方，故F项承接上文，故选F。
5．根据上下文可知，政府间气候变化专门委员会得出结论，人类活动很可能是罪魁祸首，因为人类活动增加了温室气体的浓度，从而造成了温室效应。然而，一些科学家仍然不同意。他们认为人类的贡献微不足道。故A项承接上下文，且呼应本文主题，故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Amng all the fast grwing science and technlgy, the research f human genes, 1.r bilgical engineering, as peple call it, is drawing mre and mre attentin nw.Smetimes it is a ht tpic 2.discussed (discuss) by peple.
The greatest thing that gene technlgy can d is cure serius diseases that dctrs at present can almst d nthing with, such as cancer and heart disease.Every year, millins f peple are murdered by these tw 3.killers (kill)．And t date, dctrs have nt fund 4.an/any effective way t cure them.But if the gene technlgy 5.is applied (apply) , nt nly can these tw diseases be cured cmpletely, 6.bringing (bring) happiness and mre living days t the patients, but als the great amunt f mney peple spent n curing their diseases can be saved, s 7.it benefits the ecnmy as well.In additin, human life span (寿命) can be prlnged.
Gene technlgy can help peple t give birth t mre healthy and clever children.Sme families, with the English imperial(皇室) family being a gd example, have hereditary diseases.This means their children will fr sure have the family disease, 8.which is a great truble fr these families.In the past, dctrs culd d nthing abut hereditary diseases, 9.but gene technlgy can slve this prblem 10.perfectly (perfect)．The scientist just needs t find the wrng gene and crrect it, and a healthy child will be brn.
文章大意：本文介绍了基因技术，详细讲述了基因技术的好处。
解析：
1．考查连词。句意：在所有快速增长的科技中，对于基因的研究或生物工程，越来越吸引人们的注意力。故填r“或者”。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：有时这是个被人们讨论的热门话题。故填过去分词discussed作后置定语，与tpic之间是被动关系。
3．考查名词。句意：每年有两大杀手。根据第二段第一句话提到“The greatest thing that gene technlgy can d is cure serius diseases that dctrs at present can almst d nthing with, such as cancer and heart disease.”癌症和心脏病是两大杀手。故填killers。
4．考查冠词。句意：到目前为止，医生还没有发现一个/任何有效的方法来治愈。故填an/any effective way“一个/任何有效的方法”。
5．考查动词的语态。句意：如果基因技术被应用，不仅这两大疾病能完全治愈……。apply和the gene technlgy是动宾关系。故填is applied。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果基因技术被应用，不仅这两大疾病能完全治愈，给病人带来幸福……。现在分词作结果状语。故填bringing。
7．考查代词。句意：因此它也能使经济受益。故填代词it代指基因技术被应用。
8．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就意味着他们的孩子有遗传病，对于许多家庭来说这是个大的麻烦。故填which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代主句内容。
9．考查连词。句意：过去人们对遗传性疾病束手无策，而基因技术能够解决这个问题。空前后两句话是转折关系。故填but。
10．考查副词。句意：而基因技术能够很好地解决这个问题。副词修饰动词 slve。故填perfectly。
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2020·惠州市第一次调研)
Last Friday, we were having ur class while ur teacher Miss Li suddenly slipped and fall n the grund.All the students were cncern abut her.Helped by sme students, I carried her n back t the clinic immediately.Her left leg was turned ut t be brken and she had t stay in hspital fr half a mnth.The fllwing day, we paid a visit fr her with flwers and fruits.See her leg wrapped in bandage, all f us felt srry fr her, hping she wuld recver sn.Unexpectedly, nly five days late, Miss Li returned t the class n a wheelchair t give us lessns.We were deep mved, all rising t applaud her.
答案：
Last Friday, we were having ur class eq \(while,\s\d8(when)) ur teacher Miss Li suddenly slipped and eq \(fall,\s\d8(fell)) n the grund.All the students were eq \(cncern,\s\d8(cncerned)) abut her.Helped by sme students, I carried her n eq \(∧,\s\d8(my/the)) back t the clinic immediately.Her left leg was turned ut t be brken and she had t stay in hspital fr half a mnth.The fllwing day, we paid a visit eq \(fr,\s\d8(t)) her with flwers and fruits.eq \(See,\s\d8(Seeing)) her leg wrapped in eq \(bandage,\s\d8(bandages))， all f us felt srry fr her, hping she wuld recver sn.Unexpectedly, nly five days eq \(late,\s\d8(later))， Miss Li returned t the class n a wheelchair t give us lessns.We were eq \(deep,\s\d8(deeply)) mved, all rising t applaud her.
解析：
1．考查固定句型。be ding 表示“正在做某事，这时(突然)……”。故将while改为when。
2．考查动词的时态。根据上文中的“Last Friday”可知，该处陈述的是过去发生的事情。故将fall改一般过去时fell。
3．考查固定用法。be cncerned abut sb.意为“担心某人”。故将cncern改为cncerned。
4．考查固定搭配。n ne's/the back意为“在某人的背上”。故添加my/the。
5．考查动词语态。turn ut t be为固定搭配，意为“结果是；证明是”，此处不用被动语态。故删除was。
6．考查介词。pay a visit t是固定搭配，意为“拜访；参观；访问”。故将fr改为t。
7．考查非谓语动词。看到她的腿上裹着绷带，我们都为她感到难过，希望她快点康复。分析该句结构可知，主语all f us和动词see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，该处表示伴随。故改现在分词seeing作时间状语。
8．考查名词复数。bandage为可数名词，其前没有限定词修饰。故应将bandage改为bandages。
9．考查副词。未曾料到的是，仅仅五天后李老师坐着轮椅回到班级给我们上课了。later意为“后来；以后”。故将late改为later。
知识储备：late、later和lately的用法区别：late是形容词，也可作副词，表示“迟；晚”；lately是副词，表示“最近；近来”；later是副词，表示“后来；以后”，也可作形容词，仅用于名词前，表示“较晚时候的；以后的”。
10．考查副词。该词修饰后面的形容词mved。故改副词形式deeply，表示“深深地”。