牛津译林版八上英语 8A Unit 8 Revision 复习课件+试卷

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初中英语
Unit 8 Natural disasters
本单元词汇复习
Revision of vocabulary
词汇复习点拨：1. up adv. 完全地
up 放在行为动词的后头，表示动作的结束，常见词组是：
eat up 吃光； use up 用光； mop up 把…拖干净；burn up 烧光； drink up 喝光
up adv. 向上；(有很多含义)
常见词组是：
go up 上升； grow up 长大； get up 起床； climb up 爬上去； stand up 站立； look up 抬头看，仰视；
e.g. I stayed up late (= did not go to bed until late) last night.昨夜我熬夜了。
As Millie and Sandy met in the street, they ________ hands hard.The _______________ made the orange juice taste better.
2. shake n. & vt. 晃动、震动
a slight shake/shaking 一丝晃动
shaking /shake
e.g. shake hands握手；shake one’s head摇头
（shook, shaken）
shook
[原文]At first, I felt a slight shake. 一开始我感到一丝摇晃。
[原文]I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast. 我觉得紧张，心跳加速。 P94
3. beat “打败、打击、敲打、(心)跳动”
（beat, beaten）
e.g. He beat me at chess.他下棋打败了我。
Somebody is beating the door.有人敲门。
She’s alive—her heart is still beating.她还活着——心脏还在跳。
4. since conj. 既然，由于
表示明显的大家都知道的原因。
e.g. I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. 既然还活着，我叫自己冷静下来。 P94
【对比】because conj. 因为（表示直接原因或必然的因果）
e.g. They could come quickly because the highway was closed. 他们没有办法很快来到，因为主干道被封闭了。
because 往往用来回答Why的提问。
【对比】 as conj. 由于 含义与用法和since差不多，表示非直接的原因。
e.g. As I am a teacher, I can work it out.我是老师我能算出。
5. alive adj. 活着的
表语形容词，作表语(跟在连系动词be/seem/stay/keep等后)，或作宾补。不能做前置定语修饰名词，但可以做后置定语。
e.g. He suddenly found the dog still alive. 他突然发现狗还活着。
People alive led a hard life. 活着的人日子难过。
对应的做前置定语的形容词是 living。
e.g. There were no living animals left on the hill after the fire.火灾过后小山上没留下活着的动物。
6. break vt. 打破 vi. 损坏 (broke, broken)
作为及物动词，break后面跟宾语。
e.g. I think I’ve broken the washing machine. 我想我把洗衣机弄坏了。 The phone rang and broke my train of thought.电话铃声打断了我的思绪。
作为不及物动词，break后面常有介词或者副词。
break down 坏了; break into… 闯入… break out 爆发 break into pieces 摔成碎片 break in 打断（话）
e.g. My car broke down yesterday. 昨天我的车坏了。
7. clear vt. 清理、清除
作为及物动词，常见搭配：clear … from… 把…从…(中)清除掉clear up 清楚干净、清理clear away 清除
clear adj. 清楚的、(天气)晴朗的、(道路)通畅的
e.g. I went for a walk to clear my head.我散步以便清醒下头脑。
She cleared a space on the sofa for him to sit down.她在沙发上清理出一点地方让他坐下。
e.g. It is clear that Tom did the best. 很清楚，汤姆做得最好。
本单元词组短语复习
Revision of set phrases and expressions
mop up the water lose finalthousands of peoplecrash into a treewash away the villagestart a big firefall from a treehear about the firea heavy storm with thunder and lightning catch fire in the early morning feel a slight shakehear a loud noise like thunder
like bombs under the groundstart to shakescream in fearrun out of the building try my best to do sth.in all directionscome down not…at allbeat fastsay to oneself go through my mindcalm down
be still alive pull oneself slowly through the darkfind one's way outhear shouts from excited peoplemove away the bricksfrom side to sideup and downbe asleep run in the same direction on the side of the roadbreak downbecause ofring sb. to come
hide behind a treeas soon as possibleprotect oneself fromstay low to the groundthe building on firefollow the traffic rules keep … safe from …stay away from share…with…nearly fall overclear the snow from the streetscome from behindat last
短语复习点拨：1. thousands of 成千上万的
thousands of 后面接名词复数，但不能和其他数词连用。
e.g. The earthquake killed thousands of people. 这场地震造成数千人死亡。
We saw thousands of birds fly in the sky. 我们看到有成千上万的鸟在天空飞翔。
类似短语：hundreds of 成百上千的；millions of数百万的； tens of 数十个
【选择】______ people donated money to help the poor. A. Millions of B. Million of C. Five million of D. Five millions
A
【注】fear n. “害怕、恐惧、担忧”
e.g. People screamed in fear. 人们恐惧地尖叫。
2. in fear 害怕地、恐惧地 [表示一种状态]
They looked at each other in fear. 他们惊恐地对望。
e.g. I live in fear of failing my final exams.我总是担心期末考试不及格。
in fear of 害怕…； 担心…
类似的in构成的短语 ：
in danger; in need; in trouble; in despair
vt. “害怕; 畏惧; 惧怕; 担心; 担忧;恐怕(不好的事情)”
e.g. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.在外面，人们四处逃窜，而玻璃碎片和砖块不断落下来。
3. in all directions 四处、到处、向各个方向
The ducks are swimming in all directions. 鸭子们向着各个方向游去。
in the direction of 朝着…
People are rushing in the direction of the cinema. 人们向着电影院奔去。
4. not …at all 一点也不，根本不
e.g. I couldn’t see anything at all. 我根本看不见什么。
[注] Not at all. 不用谢，不客气；没事儿
He doesn’t like eating fish at all.他一点也不喜欢吃鱼。
not …any more不再，再也不
八个月后，希望再也不是一只小熊猫宝宝了。 Eight months later, Xiwang was not a small baby any more.
not … at all = not a bit
e.g. My dad’s car broke down because of the cold weather.
5. because of 由于
because of 是个介词性短语(即短语介词)，只能后接名词、代词、动名词或名词性短语，不跟从句。 because是连词，后面接从句。
because of +名词/动名词 = because +从句
e.g. We did not go to school because of the heavy snow.= We did not go to school because the snow was heavy.
本单元语法点重现
Grammar
1.过去进行时的意义2.过去进行时的基本结构
基本概念：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作
was/were +(do)ing
其实，就是将现在进行时助动词改一下： am/ is → was are → were
一、过去进行时用法
3.过去进行时常用的时间状语：
1) then=at that time= at that time/moment 在那时(刻); at this time yesterday 在昨天此时; at + (过去的某一个时间点) 在过去某个时刻2) the whole day/morning 整个一天/早晨; from 8 to10 yesterday evening 昨晚8~10点
过去进行时的句式简图（1）肯定陈述：Sb. + was/were + V-ing + ….（2）否定陈述： Sb. was/were not + V-ing + …. was not = wasn’t were not = weren’t（3）一般疑问： Was/Were + Sb. + V-ing + … ?（4）特殊疑问： Wh- + was/were + Sb. + V-ing +…? （对主语提问） Wh- + was/were + V-ing +…?
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别过去进行时着重描述当时正在进行的动作，它的特点是：动作长，未完成，强调过程；起止时间明确(from…to…)或不明确(只交待某个瞬间) 2. 一般过去时表示一个过去做过的动作，它的特点是：动作短，开始便结束，强调结果。更多强调“一次性、完成性”。 1.Mary __________ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made  B. is making C. was making D. makes
was making 是长动作，而when从句的cut是短动作。
2. He ________(write) a letter，then went to bed．
wrote
wrote表示动作已完成，做另一件事； 若用was writing 就与went to bed 在逻辑上相矛盾。
3. I’m sorry you missed the bus. It ____ (leave) 5 minutes ago．
left
leave 是短动作，已经完成，强调结果
及时练
1. He was playing football on the play ground.（对划线部分提问） Where was he playing football?2. My parents were playing computer games at that time.(改为否定句) My parents were not playing computer games.3. The sun was shining brightly at this time yesterday.(一般疑问句，作肯定回答) Was the sun shining brightly at this time yesterday? Yes, it was.
二、时间连词while/when/as
1. while “在……的同时” ￭ 主句、从句都是长动作时，两个句子都用过去进行时，并用 while 连接。 长动作(延续性)动词有：live, run, stay, clean, play, hold, watch, teach, read, study, eat, drink, write, dance, sing, smoke 等。
2. when “当…..时候” ￭主句长动作，从句短动作，用when引导。 短动作(瞬间性)动词有：arrive, come in, get up, open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy, die 等。
e.g. Millie was watching TV when Andy came into the room.
3. 主句短动作，从句长动作，则用when、while、as引导。
e.g. When/While/As Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room. 米莉在看电视时，安迪走了进来。
4. 主句短动作，从句也是短动作，用as引导。
e.g. As he entered the room, Andy stood up. 他进入房间，安迪起身。
用不同连词时主从句时态简表
主句长动作（进行时） + while + 从句长动作（进行时） 主句长动作（进行时） + when + 从句长动作（一般时） 主句短动作（一般时） + as + 从句短动作（一般时） 主句短动作（一般时） + while/when/as + 从句长动作（进行时）
长while长
长when短
短as短
短任意长
口诀
使用when, while 或 as 连接句子.1 Simon (arrive), Amy (get) some snow from the ground.2 Suzy and Kitty (build) a snowman, Millie (take) photos.3 Daniel (fall) over he (make) a snowball.4 Peter (hide) behind a tree a snowball (hit) him.5 Millie and her classmates (play) in the snow, Andy (run) towards them.
arrived
When
was getting
While
was building
was taking
fell
while / when /as
was
making
was hiding
when
hit
While / when /as
were playing
ran
及时练
本单元知识点重现
Language points
1. Lightning hit a classroom building and it caught fire. 闪电击中教学楼，大楼就着火了。 (P 93) catch fire 着火、烧着 [指动作] e.g. Nobody knows how the house caught fire. 没有人知道房子着火原因。 be on fire 着火、在燃烧 [指状态] e.g. Look at that smoke, that building must be on fire. 看那些烟，那幢大楼一定是失火了。 【注】fire指物质，不可数；指火灾或炉火，则可数。 e.g. There was a big forest fire last year. 去年发生了森林大火。 They made a fire to keep warm. 他们生活取暖。 Cotton catches fire most easily. 棉花最易着火。 Fire gives us light and heat. 火给我们光和热。
2. I was sleeping when the earthquake started. 我正在睡觉，地震就(突然)发生了。 P94
这里，主句是进行时(长动作)，而when从句是一般过去时（短动作），这个句式可表示突发事件。
e.g. I was doing my homework when (suddenly) my brother rushed in. 我正在做作业，弟弟就冲进来了。
【比较】while 连接两个进行时的分句，表示两个长动作在同时发生。(见语法) while从句谓语动词是行为动词（长动作）时，用进行时态，是状态动词时，用一般时态。
You can go swimming while I am having lunch. .
（长动作，进行时）
Can you look after my dog while I am away?
（状态，一般时）
3. I didn’t know if any one else was near me. 我不知道附近是否有别人。 P94
if “是否” ，引导宾语从句
我不知道昨天他是否赢得了比赛。I don’t know if he ______ the match yesterday.
我不知道他昨天是否在家。I didn’t know if he ______ at home yesterday.
我不知道他是不是每天锻炼。I don’t know if he _________ every day.
won
was
exercises
if 引导的宾语从句都是来源于一般疑问句，请注意助动词的位置。
4. I started to pull myself slowly through the dark. 我开始在黑暗中慢慢移动身体。P94
pull (费力地)移动
e.g. 汤姆挣脱身跑掉了。 Tom pulled himself free and ran away.
pull (sth./sb.)out of…把(某人/物)从…中拉出来
她把靴子扯掉了。She pulled off her boots.
pull your socks up 振作起来、加把劲
5. Then I heard shouts from excited people. 然后我听到激动的人群的叫喊声。 P94
excited “兴奋的、激动的”，主要指人的状态，做定语或者表语。
exciting “令人兴奋/激动的”，主要指事情的性质，做定语或者表语。
e.g. 孩子们非常兴奋。 The children were very excited.
看这些激动的人群。 Look at the excited people.
听到这令人激动的消息，大家都很激动。Everyone was excited at the exciting news.
本单元复习提高练习
Up-grading Exercises
一、单项选择( ) 1. The bridge is too old. _______flood can wash it away easily. A. / B. An C. The D. A ( ) 2. People were running ________ while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down. A . wildly B. wild C. wide D. widely( ) 3. There was a ________ rainstorm this morning and the wind sounded ________. A. terrible; terribly B. terrible; terrible C. terribly; terribly D. terribly; terrible(　 ) 4. It would be dangerous for you to walk _____ the forest alone. A. across B. over C. through D. along
D
A
B
C
( ) 5. People began to run _______ when they knew the earthquake started. A. in all directions B. in every direction C. in danger D. in trouble( ) 6. —What happened to Andy yesterday? —He was walking along the river _______ a bike hit him. A. while B. because C. when D. as ( ) 7. —________ is it from your house to your school? —Ten minutes by bicycle. A. How long B. How far C. How many times D. How soon( ) 8. Lightning______ a big fire in the classroom building last year. A. began B. made C. caught D. started
A
C
B
D
( ) 9. Since you have spilt (泼洒) the milk all over the floor, you’ll have to _______. A. mop them up B. mop up it C. mop it up D. mop up them( ) 10. A moment of fear ______ my mind and it made me frightened. A. looked through B. went through C. looked over D. went over( ) 11. In the past, few people knew that the earth ________ around the sun. A. moves B. moved C. had moved D. was moving
C
B
A
( ) 12. I’m glad to see you here. I _______ you _______ in Beijing. When ________ you come back? A. think, are, did B. thought, are, were C. think, were, did D. thought, were, did( ) 13. The soldiers put _______ their gloves and hurried _______ the snow. A. on; to clear B. on, cleared C. up; to clear D. up; cleared( ) 14. No one told us _______, so we need your help. A. how should we do it B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it
D
A
C
二、词汇运用1. There was an ________ (可怕的) accident yesterday evening. 2. Do you know who_________ (打破) the glass on the table? 3. My father is very kind to me. He never ____________ (打) me. 4. She ___________ (尖叫) when she suddenly saw a snake in the grass. 5. Nothing is i____________ if you put your heart into it. 6. The boy made up his m______ to be a policeman like his father. 7. We Chinese always s______ hands with each other when we meet. 8. While Daniel was making a snowman, he suddenly f______ over.9. The Chinese g____________ encourages people to protect wildlife.
awful
broke
beats / hits
screamed
mpossible
ind
hake
ell
overnment
10. He sat s____________ in his seat thinking why he was so unlucky.11. Don’t worry about your health, madam. There’s nothing s_______. 12. Who do you think is the best writer ________ (live) now? 13. The earthquake happened early in the morning and hundreds of people died and many were ________ (terrible) hurt. 14. I left school early yesterday _________________ the weather got worse in the afternoon. 15. I got up late this morning and _________ (hurry) to school. 16. What _____ she _____ (do) last Saturday? She ________ (go) hiking with my classmates. 17. The children ______________ (scream) because they are afraid.
adly / silently
erious
alive
terribly
because/ as /since
hurried
did do
went
are screaming
18. Finally, our class football team ______ (beat) the Class Nine team . 19. He ____________ (trap) in a corner after the earthquake. 20. David____________ (draw) a horse when the bell rang. 21. —What _____ he_______ (do) when the earthquake happened? —He ____________ (chat) online with his friend. 22. The school was empty yesterday because it ____________ (snow) heavily.23. I ____________ (take) the medicine when you called me last night.24. I saw the traffic accident _________ (happen) yesterday. 25. Unluckily, his heart stopped ________ (beat) and he died quietly.
beat
was trapped
was drawing
was doing
was chatting
was snowing
was taking
happen
beating
26. I can see some students ____________ (mop) the floor. 27. Can you hear the ________________ (shout) of the strong wind? 28. Many people heard someone ____________ (scream) the whole night. 三、完成句子1. I was doing my homework when Mr Wu told us to go home. (同义转 换) ______________ I was doing my homework, Mr Wu told us to go home.2. 小孩从树上掉下来，摔折了腿。 The little boy ________ ________ the tree and ________ his legs.
mopping
shout / shouting
screaming
When/While/As
fell from
broke
3. 我喝了一杯茶以便自己能够平静下来。 I had a cup of tea ______ _______ to ______ myself _______.4. 我们不知道什么时候墙倒塌的。 We don’t know when the wall _________ _________.5. 英语就要测验了，我一点都不紧张。 The English test ______ ______, but I am not nervous _____ ______.6. 大楼摇晃两次，学生们惊恐地跑了出去。 The building _________ _______ and the students went out of it _________ _________.
in order
calm down
fell down
is coming
at all
shook twice
in fear
7. 带上一顶帽子以保护自己不收强烈阳光的伤害。 _________ _______a cap _______ _________ _________ _______the strong sunlight.8. 旧电脑很容易出故障。 An old computer ________ ________ _________.
Put on
to protect yourself from
breaks down easily
本单元书面表达练习
Writing Task
根据中文提示 去年冬天，这里被暴风雪袭击。请根据下面的提示，写一篇短文，记叙你所经历的事情。1. 下了好几天的雨，星期一下午转为暴风雪。2. 学校老师让我们快快离校。外面风雪交加，人们无法行走。终于安全回到家中。3. 第二天早晨，雪停了。万物被雪覆盖，气温骤降至零下9度，路面上严重结冰，走路的骑车的纷纷摔倒，交通事故不断。4. 我们呆在家中数日，做作业，看电视，与朋友聊天。5. （感悟）注意： 1. 所给信息要全部使用，第5点适当发挥；2. 句意连贯，无拼写和语法错误，语句通顺。3. 全文100词左右的。
During the disaster
I saw…I heard…I felt……
After the disaster
I saw…I heard……
Introduction(介绍)
When and where
How to write?
Useful expressions
An earthquake / A flood / A snowstorm / … hit ….I was doing … when….… because of the heavy rain / snow….We could only hear / see ….… kept falling.Suddenly, ….… had to walk slowly / pull oneself through ….… was really terrible.
A Possible version:Last winter, a snowstorm hit our city.It rained for many days and turned into a heavy snowstorm on Monday afternoon. We were having our lessons when Mr Wu told us to leave as soon as possible. It was snowing heavily and the wind was blowing hard. People could hardly walk. Luckily we got home safely. The next morning the snow stopped falling and everything was covered in deep snow. The temperature dropped to -9℃ and the roads were badly frozen. People walking or riding bikes kept falling down because of the ice and snow. There were many traffic accidents. The following days we stayed at home, doing our homework, watching TV and chatting with friends.The snowstorm was terrible but we were safe and happy. I want to say thanks to the government and to our teachers as well.
THANKS
“
”