初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版九年级全册Unit 1 How can we become good learners.综合与测试导学案

U1讲义2021-2022学年人教版九年级英语

一、短语

1.work with与某人一起学习 

2.make word cards制作单词卡片 

3.listen to tapes听录音磁带 

4.ask sb. for help向某人求助 

5.watch videos看录像 

6.have conversations with sb.同某人谈话 

7. too... to ...太......而不能...... 

8.give a report 作报告 

9.at first起初 

10.word by word逐字逐句地 

11.the secret to... ......的秘密 

12.be afraid to do sth害怕做某事 

13.fall in love with爱上...... 

14. body language 肢体语言 

15.as well也 

16.a piece of cake小菜一碟；很容易的事 

17.look up 查阅；查找 

18.so that 以便；为了 

19.repeat out loud大声跟读 

20.take notes记笔记 

21.sentence patterns句型 

22.spoken English英语口语 

23.make mistakes in 在......方面犯错误 

24.the ability to do sth做某事的能力 

25.depend on 视.......而定；取决于；依靠；依赖 

26.pay attention to 注意；关注 

27.connect ... With...把......和......连接或联系起来 

28.get bored感到厌烦 

29.be afraid of 害怕...... 

30.try to do sth 尽力做某事 

31.be stressed out焦虑不安的 

32.each time 每当；每次

二、知识点讲解

1.by的用法

(1)．---How do you study for a test? 你如何准备考试？

---I study by working with friends. 我通过和朋友一起学习。

by + doing 通过……方式，该结构在句作方式状语，用于回答与方式有关的_________引导的特殊疑问句。

通过制作单词卡片by________word________   通过读教材by__________the_______________

通过听磁带 by_________to______________   通过向老师求助by________the teacher__________help           

通过参与小组学习by_________ _______a group 通过看录像by__________videos

①I study English by ___________(listen) to tapes

②Tom learns Chinese by ____________(watch) Chinese movies.

③ -- ____ did you get there? 

--By ___ a taxi.    

A. How;taking   B. How ; take   C. How; took   D. What; taking

④(　　)You can improve your English ________ practicing more. 

A．by　  B．with　  C．of　  D．in

(2)．构成“by＋交通工具”结构，注意在该短语中，交通工具名词之前不加冠词。

by bus 乘公共汽车   by train 乘火车  by ship 乘轮船=by sea  by taxi

乘出租  by plane=by air乘飞机  by car 乘汽车       by subway乘地铁  by bike骑自行车  步行 on foot

(  )1.I go to school ___ bus every morning. 

A. in    B. on     C. at    D. by

(  )2. Lin Lin often practices English ____chatting with her American friend.

A. in  B. by   C. for  D. with

(  )3.I usually go to school ___ bike. but sometimes I go to school ___ foot.

     A. with; on         B. on; by             C. on ; with         D. by; on

(  )4.— _____________does your brother go to work?

—By bike.

A. Where             B. Why           C. How

2.疑问词how的用法

1)（问方式方法）怎样；如何

①---_______ do you learn English well?

---I learn it by using it in my daily life.

②---Can you tell me_______I can get to the nearst post office?

2) 身体怎么样？ --How are you?

--Fine. Thanks.

3) How +adj 构成的疑问词

How often______  How old_____   How far____     How soon______

How many_______ How much______ How long_____   How tall______

练习: 用How +adj 构成的疑问词填空

1.---_____ will it take you from your school to the library?---About half an hour.       

2. ---________is Mr Wang?   ---He is forty years old.

3.--- _______ will you come back? ---In a week.

4.---_______people are there in your family?  ---Four.

5.--- ________milk do we need?   ---Three bottles.

6.--- _________do you go to see your grandma? ---Once a week.

7.---__________ do you live from school?  ---Three miles.

3.watch/read/see/lookat “看” 法不同

(1)看电视、看比赛、看表演用watch watch TV看电视

(2)看书、看报、看杂志用read      read the book看书

(3)看电影、看医生用see          see the doctor 看医生

(4) 看黑板、看地图用look at     look at the blackboard 看黑板

【练】

1.______the picture. Can you see the man in the picture?

He isn’t ________ the book. He is ______TV.

2.(   ) ____ the board , child! Read the words on it after me.  

A. Look   B. Look at   C. See   D. Watch

4.ask用法

ask sb for sth向某人要某物  

ask sb. for help向某人求助 

ask our teacher for advice向老师征求建议

ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事  

ask sb. not to do sth. 要求某人不要做某事

1).(   )Our teacher often asks us________ questions in groups.

A．discuss　　B．to discuss    C．discussing          D．discussed

2).(   ) If you have difficulty in learning English, you should ask your teacher or your classmates ___ help.

    A. for  B. of   C. in   D. on

3).(   ) The young should ___ the old ___ advice at work.     

A. ask; for   B. ask; to   C. ask for; /   D. asks; /

5. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?

【解析】用于提建议的句型

(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth?  ….怎么样？

(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？

(3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。

(4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？

(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事

(6) Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？

(7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？

(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？

【回答】

(1). 同意对方的建议时，一般用：

 ◆ Good idea./ That’s a good idea. 好主意     ◆OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了

 ◆ Yes, please ./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意     ◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法

 ◆ No problem 没问题                     ◆Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以

 ◆Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想

(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：

 ◆ I don’t think so 我认为不是这样     ◆Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能

 ◆I’d love to, but…                    ◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……

(    ) ① –What about _______(listen) to some English songs?   -- It’s great .

(    ) ② Why not ___ your teacher for help when you can’t finish _____ it by yourself?

       A. ask; write       B. to ask; writing    C. ask; writing    D. asking; write

6. practice

v 练习     practice doing sth 练习做某事

【拓展】finish doing sth ，enjoy doing sth , mind doing sth , give up doing sth ,  can’t help doing sth   consider doing sth

①We often practice_____________basketball after school.(play)

②This term I enjoy______________(watch) English movies.

7. pronounce v 发音 → pronunciation n 发音

① Please tell me how to__________________(pronunciation) the word.

② What’s the___________________(pronounce) of the word “text”?

③(   )My teacher told me “either” has two ______________ (pronounce).

8.have/has ever done sth曾经做过某事

1)He has ever eaten Beijing duck.

2)--Have you ever studied with a group?   

--Yes, I have. I have learned a lot that way./No,never.

3）你曾经吃过水饺吗？不，从来没有。

 _____you ever________dumplings? No, _______.

9.too+形容词/副词+to do sth. 太…而不能…

My brother is too young to go to school.

He gets up too late to get to school on time.

so…that….   too…to….. not enough to do

我弟弟年龄太小不能上学。

My brother is ______  ______ _______he can’t go to school.

My brother is______  _______  ______ go to school.

My brother______  ______ _______  _______ go to school.

这张桌子太重我搬不动。The table is ______  _______ _______ I can’t carry it.

The table is_______  ________for me______  ________.

The table_____  _____  ________ for me______  ________.

练一练：

(  )① They are ____ tired ____on.    

A. too; to walk      B .too; walking     C. can’t ;to work     D. very ;to walk

(  ) ②--This box is ___ heavy for me to carry. Can you help me? 

--Certainly.    

A. so   B. much   C. very   D. too

10.联系动词

一是(be),一感(feel),一保持(keep)

起来四个(sound,look,smell,taste)

似乎(seem)变了仨(get, turn, become)

11. It's too hard to understand spoken English.

要理解英语口语真是太难了。

[探究] 本句属于“It's＋adj. (＋for sb.)＋to do sth.”句式，其中it是________主语，真正的主语是其后的_________________“to understand spoken English”。

[辨析] “It's＋adj. (＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”句型中用for和of的区别

It's very difficult for him to learn two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

It's very kind of you to help me.   你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

活学活用

①(　　)It is important ________ people ________learn team spirit.

A．of; of　　　　    B．of; to     C．for; to                   D．to; to

②(    )It’s foolish________him to do so. 

A. for   B. of    C. to      D. with

12.The more you read, the faster you'll be.

你读得越多，就会越快。

[探究] 本句是“The＋________…，the＋_____…”的结构，表示“越……越……”，属于由比较级构成的常见句式。

如：The busier my mother is, the happier she feels. 我妈妈越忙，她就觉得越开心。

活学活用

(　　)—The doctor told me not to eat too much, but I find it difficult.

—The doctor is right. ________ you eat, ________ you will be.

  A．The less;the healthier             B．The less; the more healthier

 C．The more; the healthier           D．The more; the more healthier

13. I do that sometimes. I think it helps.

【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes

【口诀】：分开是一段时间，   合起是某时；  分开s 是几倍（次），合起s是有时

(1) some time一段时间，做时间状语

I will stay in Beijing for some time. 我要在北京呆一段时间。

(2) sometime  adv 在某个时候

I think I will fly to the moon sometime in the future.我认为将来的某个时候我要飞往月球。

(3) some times 名词词组，“几次，几倍”

Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer. 去年夏天格林先生去了三亚几次。

(4)sometimes=at times 有时 （一般现在时的标志词）

On weekends，sometimes he stays at home, sometimes he goes to the park with his friends.

(  ) I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.  

A. sometimes  B. some times C. sometime   D. some time

14. voice/noise/sound

(1)voice 多指人说话、唱歌、鸟的叫声以及乐器发出的悦耳的声音。

(2)noise n → noisy adj. 吵闹的 指不悦耳的吵闹声 如嘈杂声、噪音等  

make a noise制造噪音

(3)sound ①n 泛指人听到的任何声音。

②v 听起来

【记】There was a loud ________ outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his __________: “ Light travels much faster than __________”.

(  ) ① At the foot of Wulian Mountains, you can hear the____ of running water.

A. sound     B. noise       C. voice       D. silence

(  ) ②--Do you like the song You and Me?   

--Of course. It ____ great.

A. sounds       B. looks      C. smells

(  )③ Oh, my god! The kids are making too much ____ here. I can’t do anything.

A. sound      B. voice     C. noise       D. Footstep

15. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?

【解析】find → found →found v发现

(1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事

(2) find it + adj. + （for sb）to do sth 发现做某事很……(make,think)

( ) She found ___ hard to finish the work by herself.       

A. that  B. it’s  C. it  D. this

16.But I was afraid to ask questions because my pronunciation was very bad.

(1)be afraid of sth/doing sth 害怕做某事【担心（出现某种不良后果）】

(2)be afraid to do sth 害怕去做…【“怕” 或 “不敢”去做某事】

(3)be afraid +that 恐怕…【用于礼貌地表达可能令人不愉快的消息】

(4) 回答别人的提问时， 可用省略形式I’m afraid so(not).恐怕（不）是这样。

【记】The girl was afraid to go across the bridge, for she was afraid of falling down from it.

1.(  ) Tina is so shy that she is afraid of ____in front of a group.   

A. to speak   B. speak  C. speaking   D. spoke

2.大多数女孩都害怕蜘蛛。 Most girls are _______ _____spiders.

3.(　　)—Can I take a seat here, sir?

—________ My cousin will be back soon.

A．Nothing serious. B．What's up?   C．How are you?  D．I'm afraid not.

17.But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked up the words in a dictionary.

【解析】look up 查找(跟代词作宾语，代词放中间)

【拓展】 look after 照顾look like 看起来像  look out 当心，小心 look through 浏览  look  for 寻找 look forward to 期待 look around向四周看  look over 检查

(   ) --Can you ___ the time of the next train to Tianjin?

--OK, I’ll ____ right now for you.

A. look up ; look it up  B. look it up; look up   C. look up ; look at    D. look up ; look up it

(　)My mother is ill in hospital. I have to________ my grandparents at home.

A．look out B．look after   C．look up         D．look at

18.excite→exciting(令人兴奋的)/excited （感到兴奋的）  

be excited about对…感到兴奋

【拓展】

interest→interesting/interested        be interested in 对…感兴趣

The students are__________in these ______books.( interest)

surprise→surprising/surprised       be surprise at 对…感到吃惊

They are__________at the ___________news.( surprise)

relax →relaxed/relaxing adj.    be relaxed about 对……感到放松

 bore → bored/boring adj. 令人厌烦的

【注】以—ing结尾的adj. 常用来作定语或表语，修饰物。

        以—ed结尾的adj.用来表示情绪，常做表语，修饰人。

①We are _____ about the________news .(excite)

②—What _____ news! -Yes.We are all _____ about it.    

A. exciting;exciting  B. excited; excited  C. exciting; excited

③ This TV show is too____. I’d rather listen to music.    

A. fantastic  B. exciting C. boring D. interesting.

19. make mistakes犯错；出错

[观察] I often make mistakes in grammar. 我经常在语法方面犯错。

[探究] make mistakes/make a mistake意为“犯错；出错”，表示“在某方面犯错”要用make mistakes/a mistake ____ sth.。

[拓展] make的常见搭配有：

make a living 谋生； make friends 交朋友； make faces 做鬼脸； make noise 制造噪声； make the bed 整理床铺；

make money 挣钱； make a decision 做决定； make progress 取得进步； make a wish 许愿。

活学活用

他在考试中犯了许多错。He ________ ________  ____________ in the exam.

20.depend on取决于；依靠；依赖

—Can you go for a picnic as planned?

—It ____________ (决定于) the weather. 

21.pay attention to关注；注意

[观察] You must pay attention to listening to your teacher in class. 在课堂上你必须注意听老师讲课。

[探究] pay attention to表示“关注；注意”，其后若跟动词，要用__________形式。

根据句意及首字母提示补全单词：You'd better pay more a___________to the way you speak when having a discussion. 

22.connect…with…“把……和……联系起来；把……和……连接起来”

[观察] Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting.

好的学习者经常把他们需要学习的东西和有趣的东西联系起来。

23.I don't know how to increase my reading speed.

我不知道如何提高我的阅读速度。

[探究] 本句中的how to increase my reading speed属于“特殊疑问词＋________________”的复合结构，在句中作动词know的____语。

[拓展] “特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的复合结构作宾语时，可以转化为宾语从句。

Could you please tell me how to get there? ＝Could you please tell me how I can get there? 你能告诉我怎样到那吗？

改为同义句

We want to know how we can study well. = We want to know ______ ____ study well.

I don’t know what I can do next.=I don’t know _____ ______  _____next.

24.I don't have a partner to practice English with. 我没有一位可以一起练习英语的搭档。

[探究] 本句中的to practice English with是动词不定式短语，作后置______语，修饰a partner，注意to practice English with中的介词________（能/不能）省略。

[拓展] practice后只能跟动名词。practice________________表示“练习做某事”。

My brother often practices________ (play) chess with my father.