高考英语一轮复习必修4Unit2Workingtheland单元提能训练含解析新人教版

这是一份高考英语一轮复习必修4Unit2Workingtheland单元提能训练含解析新人教版，共7页。试卷主要包含了A．s B．but等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2021年山东省潍坊五县开学联考)
Melburne Girls’ Cllege is getting rid f all dustbins and asking students t take their rubbish hme t encurage them t mve twards zer waste.
Starting next Mnday, the cllege will gradually __1__ all the rubbish bins in five weeks in classrms and the yard，__2__1400 students and 140 staff t find their wn hme fr chip packets and juice bxes.Vlunteer students will__3__daily nn-cmpulsry fd inspectins in which children bringing “zer waste” lunch bxes will be__4__.Students using nly__5__packaging will receive a tken (礼券)t win prizes such as keepcups.
The rubbish that students take hme may still g t landfill(废物填埋场)via their hme bins，__6__the new plicy will help persuade__7__t buy fewer packaged items and reuse cntainers.Mst issues arund carrying rubbish hme, such as smell and mess, can be slved.__8__tuna (金枪鱼)in a tin, fr example, can__9__the schl’s cmpst(堆肥)bin and the tin can be__10__befre it’s taken hme.
The cllege principal Karen Mney acknwledges that sme parents may nt have the time r means t avid__11__in single-use packaging, “but it’s__12__t get as many peple as we can t avid it.We talk a lt，as __13__， abut the bad prblems the wrld__14__， and if we dn’t start putting sme __15__ behind that beautiful idea, then it’s just empty.”
( )1.A．replace B．wash
C．clean D．remve
( )2.A．prving B．leaving
C．prmising D．allwing
( )3.A．receive B．frbid
C．admit D．cnduct
( )4.A．rewarded B．advised
C．changed D．prtected
( )5.A．creative B．usual
C．reusable D．plastic
( )6.A．s B．but
C．then D．thugh
( )7.A．teachers B．staff
C．families D．classmates
( )8.A．Uneaten B．Uncked
C．Uncvered D．Unbrken
( )9.A．break dwn B．break thrugh
C．get thrugh D．g int
( )10.A．returned B．washed
C．reused D．spared
( )11.A．fds B．clthes
C．drinks D．tls
( )12.A．keeping B．dreaming
C．stpping D．trying
( )13.A．functin B．lan
C．educatrs D．thunder
( )14.A．slves B．shws
C．faces D．fllws
( )15.A．territry B．actins
C．crew D．length
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了墨尔本女子学院正在清理所有垃圾箱，并要求学生们把垃圾带回家，以鼓励他们朝着零浪费的方向发展。
1．D 由上文“asking students t take their rubbish hme t encurage them t mve twards zer waste”可知，此处指清除垃圾。故选D项。
2．B 由上文内容可知，此处用leave。故选B项。
3．D 由后面的inspectins可知，此处指进行检查。故选D项。
4．A 由后面的“win prizes”可知，此处指奖励。故选A项。
5．C 由下文“buy fewer packaged items and reuse cntainers”可知，此处指可重复使用的包装。故选C项。
6．B 根据句意可知，此处两个分句之间是转折关系，应用连词but。故选B项。
7．C 由前面的“take hme”和“via their hme bins”可知，此处指说服家庭。故选C项。
8．A 根据常识可知，罐头里的金枪鱼是还未食用的。故选A项。
9．D 根据语境可知，此处指放进堆肥箱。故选D项。
10．B 由语境及常识可知，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，放进堆肥箱后，罐头要清洗干净。故选B项。
11．A 由语境可知，此处指一次性包装的食品。故选A项。
12．D 由前面的“may nt have the time r means t avid”可知，此处指试图让尽可能多的人来避免。故选D项。
13．C 由上文“The cllege principal”及语境可知，此处指作为教育工作者。故选C项。
14．C 由前面的“the bad prblems the wrld”可知，此处用face，意为“世界面临的坏问题”。故选C项。
15．B 由句意及语境常识可知，提出某种想法之后采取一些行动。故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2020年海南省海口6月大联考)
Accrding t a new study, running 50 minutes a week, at a pace between 10-minute mile and 7.5-minute mile, helped lwer the risk f cancer, cardivascular disease and ther causes. Wrking ut mre than that didn’t mean mre health benefits, say the researchers, based n a review f a number f studies.
Because running is a ppular frm f physical activity, study cauthr Zeljk Pedisic and his wrkmates chse t take a bird’s eye view f what past studies f running and the risk f death had cncluded. The team cllected 14 papers that cllectively studied 230,000 peple fr the effects f running n cardivascular, cancer and ther causes. Mst participants were frm the US and Eurpe.
Pling the results frm these 14 studies shwed that running led t lwering the risk f cancer-related death by 23%, the risk f cardivascular-related death by 30%, and the risk f death frm all ther causes by 27%. Thse benefits appeared even when peple ran relatively slwly and fr under an hur a week — less time than the Wrld Health Organizatin recently suggests.
There are warnings t the research, thugh. Amng ther things, pssibly these benefits were fund because all the 14 studies f running and the cause f death nly included healthy peple frm the get-g, the authrs write. Als, nly tw f the papers recrded hw peple’s running habits ver the years, and hw ften peple ran was self-reprted in ther papers.
Thugh the results suggest that peple might need less f a wrkut than the WHO might suggest, that desn’t mean it’s time t change these standards, Pedisic says. There are ther health factrs than need t be examined besides the risk f death, he says, and peple need ther ways t keep fit, t.
( )1.What’s the new study mainly abut?
A．Running as slwly as pssible culd keep yu healthy.
B．Running led t lwer risk f death than ther diseases.
C．Running mre than 50 minutes a week was bad fr health.
D．Running less than an hur a week culd lwer risks f death.
( )2.What des the underlined wrd “that” refer t in Paragraph 1?
A．Running 50 minutes a mnth.
B．Running 10 miles a week.
C．Running 50 minutes a week.
D．Running 7.5 miles a week.
( )3.It can be learned frm the 14 studies “________”．
A．12 f the studies self-reprted hw ften peple ran
B．mst f the studies recrded peple’s running habits
C．nly peple frm America and Eurpe were included
D．running lwered the risk f death frm cancer by 30%
( )4.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Peple shuld run mre than what the WHO suggests.
B．The WHO needs t change its standards fr running.
C．The new study results need t be further prved.
D．Running is ne f the best ways t keep fit.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章引用新的研究表明锻炼得更多并不意味着更健康。每周跑步50分钟，每英里10到7.5分钟，有助于降低患癌症、心血管疾病和其他疾病的风险。
1．D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，锻炼得更多不意为着更健康。每周跑步50分钟，每英里10到7.5分钟，有助于降低患癌症、心血管疾病和其他疾病的风险。故选D项。
2．C 词义猜测题。英语中为了避免前后重复，可用代词来指代前句提及的某物或者某人。第一段中的that此处应指代前句提及的“running 50 minutes a week”。此句表示：锻炼时间超过50分钟并不意味着更健康。故选C项。
3．A 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Als, nly tw f the papers recrded hw peple’s running habits ver the years, and hw ften peple ran was self-reprted in ther papers(此外，只有两篇论文记录了人们多年来的跑步习惯，以及在其他论文中自我记录的跑步频率)．”可知，只有两篇论文记录了人们多年来的跑步习惯，另外12篇论文是自我记录的跑步频率。故选A项。
4．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，虽然有新的研究认证但不意味着是时候改变这些标准。研究的新结果需要得到进步证明。故选C项。
B
(2021年山东部分重点中学新起点摸底联考)
T address the plastic pllutin trubling the wrld’s seas and waterways, Crnell University chemists have develped a new plymer that can degrade (降解) when expsed t ultravilet radiatin, accrding t the research published in the Jurnal f the American Chemical Sciety.
“We have created a new plastic that has the mechanical prperties required by cmmercial fishing gear. If it eventually gets lst in the water envirnment, this material can degrade n a realistic time scale，” said lead researcher Bryce Lipinski, prfessr f chemistry and chemical bilgy at Crnell University. “This material culd reduce persistent plastic accumulatin in the envirnment.”
Cmmercial fishing cntributes t abut half f all flating plastic waste that ends up in the ceans. Fishing nets and rpes are primarily made frm three kinds f plymers, nne f which easily degrade. “While research f degradable plastics has received much attentin in recent years，” Lipinski said, “btaining a material with the mechanical strength cmparable t cmmercial plastic remains a difficult challenge.”
Cates and his research team have spent the past 15 years develping the new plastic called istactic plyprpylene xide, r iPPO.While its riginal discvery was in 1949, the mechanical strength f this material was unknwn befre this recent wrk. The high istacticity and plymer chain length f their material makes it different frm previus plastics and prvides its mechanical strength.
Lipinski nted that while iPPO is stable in rdinary use, it eventually breaks dwn when expsed t UV light. The change in the plastic’s cmpsitin is evident in the labratry, but “visually, it may nt appear t have changed much during the prcess，” he said, “The rate f degradatin is light intensity-dependent, but under their labratry cnditins, the plymer chain lengths degraded t a quarter f their riginal length after 30 days f expsure.”
Lipinski and ther scientists want n trace f the plymer t be left in the envirnment. He ntes there is precedent fr the bidegradatin f small chains f iPPO which culd effectively make it disappear and nging effrts aim t prve this.
( )5.What is special abut the new plymer?
A．It can reduce plastic cnsumptin.
B．It is expected t lwer fishing csts.
C．It can degrade plastic waste in the sea water.
D．It has been develped t slve plastic pllutin.
( )6.What can we infer frm Paragraph 3?
A．Fishing shuld be frbidden in the sea.
B．It requires great effrt t invent the new plastic.
C．Nets and rpes are nt the majr pllutin surce.
D．Degradable plastics were nt studied until recently.
( )7.What did the recent study find abut iPPO?
A．Its riginal use.
B．Its special intensity.
C．Its mechanical strength.
D．Its cmplex cmpsitin.
( )8.What is Lipinski’s attitude twards the future f iPPO?
A．Hpeful.B．Indifferent.
C．Skeptical. D．Negative.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一种新材料的一些特点优势和面临的一些问题。
5．D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知：根据发表在《美国化学学会杂志》上的研究，为了解决困扰世界海洋和水道的塑料污染问题，康奈尔大学的化学家们开发了一种新的聚合物，这种聚合物暴露在紫外线辐射下可以降解。由此可知，这种新型聚合物的特别之处在于它是为了解决塑料污染而发展起来的。故选D项。
6．B 推理判断题。根据第三段可知：Lipinski说：“虽然近年来可降解塑料的研究受到了很大关注，但获得一种机械强度可与商业塑料媲美的材料仍然是一项艰巨的挑战。”由此推知，发明这种新塑料需要很大的努力。故选B项。
7．C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The high istacticity and plymer chain length f their material makes it different frm previus plastics and prvides its mechanical strength.”可知：其材料的高等度和聚合物链长度使其不同于以往的塑料，并提供了机械强度。由此可知，最近的研究发现了iPPO可以提供机械强度。故选C项。
8．A 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知：Lipinski和其他科学家不希望这种聚合物残留在环境中。他指出，iPPO小链的生物降解已有先例，可以有效地使其消失，而正在进行的努力旨在证明这一点。由此推知，Lipinski对iPPO未来的态度是充满希望的。故选A项。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
(2021年山东省济南外国语学校质量检测)
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“My Mst Respectful Teacher”为题，写一篇短文参赛。
内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
My Mst Respectful Teacher
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
My Mst Respectful Teacher
We have a lt f respectable peple arund us.They may be ur teachers, parents r ne f ur elders.As fr me, my teacher，Mr.Xu is the persn I respect mst.He is a teacher wh lves his wrk and his students very much.He wrks very hard every day and he will als spare much time t accmpany us and share many funny things with us abut his wrk.
When I cme acrss the prblems f learning in my study, Mr.Xu will listen t me patiently and encurage me t vercme the difficulties bravely.
He achieves a lt in his wrk, respected by his students.S, in my mind Mr.Xu is the teacher I respect mst and I lve him deeply.