高三 上海市大同中学2021-2022学年高三上学期9月开学考考英语试题

这是一份高三 上海市大同中学2021-2022学年高三上学期9月开学考考英语试题，共11页。试卷主要包含了 t hit， is allwed， with 4， hw 6， as 8， being replaced， that， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Rsa's Sprts Pht Cmpetitin Entry
Ice hckey is played n an ice rink with a gal net at each end. Tw teams n skates cmpete t scre gals by using a stick, curved at ne end, ____1____(hit) a small, hard rubber disc, called a puck. There may be 20 players in each team, but nly six can be n the rink at any time. One f them is the galkeeper, wh ____2____(allw) t catch the puck r blck it with any part f their bdy, as well as with their sick. Ice hckey has always been mst ppular in places ____3____ cld winters, fr example in Canada, nrthern Eurpean, cuntries and the nrthern states f the USA. Hwever, with indr ice rinks, many ther cuntries have started cmpeting in this sprt and ice hckey events held all year arund.
In this pht, ____4____(take) during a match between Hungary and Hlland, yu can see tw players wh are trying t cntrl the puck. Their bdies are bumping tgether and the Dutch player is finding it hard t keep his balance n ne leg, but they are bth cncentrating n reaching the puck with their sticks. I chse this actin pht because it shws ____5____ exciting and cmpetitive the game is. The light shining n the ice gives yu an idea f the hard surface, ____6____ makes ice hckey the fastest team sprt in the wrld. The puck can travel up t 160 kph and players may shake at abut 40 kph. They must be ready t race frward, stp r turn quickly and changes suddenly frm attacking t defending.
Als, ____7____ the pht shws, ice hckey is a very physical cntact sprt. Injuries are cmmn, especially ____8____ players crash int each ther. In the pht yu can see the helmets that prtect their heads and the thick pads that are wrn n their legs, knees and shulders. The game is s challenging that players can usually nly stay n the ice fr abut tw minutes befre ____9____ (replace). It is their amazing physical skill and speed _____10_____ make ice hckey s exciting t watch.
【答案】1. t hit
2. is allwed
3. with 4. taken
5. hw 6. which
7. as 8. when##as
9. being replaced
10. that
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Queen Elizabeth II has respnded t Prince Harry and Meghan Markle's request t “step back” as senir members f the ryal family.
“Tday my family had very ____11____ discussins n the future f my grandsn and his family,” the reigning mnarch shared in a statement. “My family and I are entirely supprtive f Harry and Meghan's desire t create a new life as a yung family. Althugh we wuld have preferred them t remain full-time wrking Members f the Ryal Family, we respect and understand their wish t live a mre independent life as a family while remaining a ____12____ part f my family.
“Harry and Meghan have made clear that they d nt want t be ____13____ n public funds in their new lives,” the 93-year -ld cntinued. “It has therefre been agreed that there will be a perid f transitin during which the Sussexes will spend time in Canada and the UK. These are cmplex matters fr my family t ____14____ and there is sme mre wrk t be dne, but I have asked fr final decisins t be reached in the cming days.”
Elizabeth had called fr a face-t-face meeting with Harry, 35, and ther members f the ryal family in rder t irn ut lgistics f his and Markle's decisin t becme “financially independent” f the crwn.
The meet-up marked the first time the queen and her grandsn met fllwing the shcking annuncement n scial media last week. It reflected the queen's desire t ____15____ the fallut frm Harry and Meghan's decisin. A palace insider previusly said that the ryal family were nt infrmed f the cuple's annuncement until it was made t the wrld.
The meeting cmes after days f intense news ____16____, in which supprters f the ryal family's feuding factins used the British media t paint ____17____ pictures f wh was t blame fr the rift.
The ryal brthers even issued a rare jint statement denying the media ____18____ that William is t blame fr the cuple's ____19____ t split their time between the United Kingdm and Nrth America.
Last week, Duke and Duchess f Sussex shared n scial media that their decisin came “after many mnths f _____20_____ and internal discussins.”
【答案】11. J 12. C
13. G 14. A
15. K 16. B
17. D 18. F
19. E 20. I
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensins
SectinA
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage, there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
When yu are stuck n a prblem, smetimes it is best t stp thinking abut it—cnsciusly, anyway. Research has shwn that taking a break r a nap can help the brain create____21____t a slutin. Nw a new study____22____n the effect f this s-called incubatin（潜伏期）by using sund cues t fcus the sleeping mind n a targeted prblem.
When humans sleep, parts f the brain replay certain memries, strengthening and transfrming them. Abut a decade ag researchers develped a technique, called targeted memry reactivatin（TMR）, aimed at further enhancing____23____memries: when a sund becmes assciated with a memry and is later played during sleep, that memry gets____24____. In a study published last Nvember in Psychlgical Science, scientists tested whether____25____the memry f a puzzle during sleep might als imprve prblem-slving.
Abut 60 participants visited the labratry befre and after a night f____26____. First, they____27____spatial, verbal and cnceptual puzzles, with a distinct music clip repeating in the backgrund fr each, until they had wrked n six puzzles they culd nt slve. Overnight they wre electrdes（电极）t detect slw-wave sleep, which may be imprtant fr memry enhancement—and a device played the sunds ____28____t three f the six unslved puzzles. The next day, back at the lab, the participants attempted the six puzzles again.（Each repeated the experiment with a different set f puzzles the fllwing night.） All tld, the subjects slved 32 percent f the sund-stimulated puzzles cmpared with 21 percent f the ____29____puzzles.
The researchers "very bravely went fr quite cmplex tasks that invlved a lt f cmplex prcessing, and remarkably they fund these really strng effects in all f their _____30_____." says Penny Lewis, a psychlgist at Cardiff University, wh was nt invlved in the research. "These are supercl results. Nw we need t g ut and try t understand them by firstly replicating（复制）them and secndly trying t _____31_____the cmpnent prcesses that are actually being influenced."
Beynd prviding new evidence that humans restructure memries while sleeping, the research may have _____32_____implicatins. "In a futuristic wrld, maybe TMR culd help us use sleep t wrk n ur prblems," says lead authr Kristin Sanders, wh was a graduate student at Nrthwestern University during the study. Sleep-mnitring technlgy is increasingly accessible—and even withut devices, prspective slvers can fcus n imprtant prblems befre _____33_____.
Still, sleep is nt _____34_____; peple need t d their hmewrk and lad their heads with the puzzle pieces invlved. "I'm nt ging t slve cancer with this technique," Sanders says, "because I am ttally _____35_____cancer research."
21. A. applicatinsB. cmmitmentC. attentinD. pathways
22. A. cuntsB. expandsC. insistsD. passes
23. A. treasuredB. selectedC. devtedD. shrtened
24 A. dimmedB. stredC. reactivatedD. researched
25. A. neglectingB. examiningC. erasingD. revisiting
26. A. sleepB. experimentC. trainingD. relaxatin
27. A. createdB. slvedC. attemptedD. classified
28. A. assignedB. transfrmedC. explainedD. intrduced
29. A. unsettledB. untargetedC. unstatedD. untested
30. A. puzzlesB. brainsC. prcessesD. tasks
31. A. wrk utB. turn tC. take nD. bring abut
32. A. individualB. cnceptualC. practicalD. cllective
33. A. dinnerB. dawnC. bedD. schling
34. A. significantB. magicC. fixedD. pssible
35. A. dependent nB. curius abutC. interested inD. ignrant f
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing tw passage. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
When asked in 1993 t cmment n accusatins that the mvie In the Name f the Father distrts （曲解） cntemprary British and Irish histry, female lead Emma Thmpsn respnded that she culdn't care less. Even since the premiere （首映） in 1915 f The Birth f a Natin, filmmakers have rewritten histry t create tp-dllar entertainment. The films are very persuasive: well-made mvies hld yur interest cntinuusly, drawing yur attentin t “what happens next,” and pulling yu frward with n time t reflect n individual scenes until the final credits rll. The result: yu dn't remember much abut a mvie after watching it fr the first time. Fr this reasn, mvies have extrardinary pwer - unmatched by any ther medium - t leave yu with a strng sense f what is right and what is wrng, wh is bad and wh is gd, even thugh critical details presented in the mvies may be false.
Well, s what? They're just mvies. In fact they're nt just mvies. Millins f Americans are devted histry lvers, and they pack theatres every time new mvies abut histrical figures r events cme t twn. Saving private Ryan and Titanic drew viewers and cash fr mnths. Many high schl teachers screen mvies in the classrm. Clearly cuntless Americans get mst f their histry frm televisin and the big screen.
Sme f the industry's finest histrical and perid films premiered during the past decades. But the 1960s als saw a number f plitically charged histry-based mvies full f factual distrtins and, ccasinally, utright lies. Tday the trend cntinues n a larger scale: many mvies released in the 1990s and the first decade f the 21*t century reflect lack f respect fr slid, reliable histry.
Histry Ges t the Mvies is a surce f infrmatin and, it is hped, entertainment fr everyne interested in the actual histry behind a wide selectin f mvies gruped int twelve sectins--11 cvering histrical perids and events and twelfth cntaining bigraphies and perid films. Each mvie review includes an essay n the histry cvered in ne r mre mvies, and a brief plt summary. Star ratings (five stars: dn't miss it) reflect each mvie's histrical accuracy and - t a much lesser extent --- its pwer t amuse.
Obviusly, expecting textbk accuracy frm mvies wuld be ridiculus-and prducers have delivered a remarkable number f histrically faithful mvies. But sme f them get t much f their histry wrng. Histry Ges t the Mvies is a guide, hwever imperfect, fr readers and viewers aiming t get it right.
36. Emma Thmpsn said ________ that In the Name f the Father was histrically inaccurate.
A. it didn't matter.B. it was upsetting.
C. It arused her attentin.D. it wasn't bvius.
37. By “in fact they're nt just mvies” (in paragraph 2), the authr means that________.
A. sme mvies are much mre prfitable than thers
B. mvies serve mre purpses than entertaining views
C. mvies tend t prvide viewers with false details
D. the mvies abut histrical figures attract histry lvers
38. Which f the fllwing is true f Histry Ges t the Mvies?
A. It is aimed at thse wh take interest in bigraphies.
B. It rates a mvie mainly accrding t hw amusing it is.
C. It intrduces a mvie's stry as well as its related histry.
D. It fcuses n the mvies that presented histry in a funny way.
39. The passage is mainly intended t ________.
A. criticize the film industry's favring entertainment ver truth
B. pint ut which films presented histry in a wrng way.
C call n film directrs t shw respect fr histry
D. intrduce a bk invlving histry-based films
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D
(B)
40. In Fabric & Styles, which item leaves yu with the least persnal chice?
A. Fabric.B. Fly Style.
C. Pcket Style.D. Thread Clr
41. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements is True?
A. The tailr will meet all the requirements n yur jeans n cnditin that yu state every detail clearly in yur rder.
B. If the rder with wrng measurements has already been prcessed, nthing can be dne t fix the situatin.
C. Befre payment, yu can check yur rder in detail and feel free t make mdificatins multiple times.
D. The tailr will make an identical cpy f yur favrite jeans if yu fllw the instructins in “Cpy A Jeans” sectin.
42. If yu place an verseas rder with full payments by PayPal n Octber 12, yu will receive yur jeans n later than________.
A. Oct.21B. Nv.11
C. Nv.16D. Nv.20
【答案】40. B 41. C 42. D
(C)
There are few spectacles mre unpleasant than a televisin presenter trying t hang n t a jb. When ne f the presenters f the BBC prgram Crimewatch resigned recently, rather than suffer the inevitable indignity f being unfinished and replaced by a yunger versin, he made the usual hurt nises abut his masters' veremphasis n yuth. Peple in the media listened sympathetically befre he slid frm view t jin the ranks f televisin's has-beens.
The presenter's argument, that the views dn't care hw ld yu are s lng as yu can “d the jb,” unfrtunately is nt backed up by the evidence. When yu're n TV, viewers are always thinking abut whether yu're lsing yur hair r yur figure and, lately, whether yu've had csmetic wrk dne. This is what they're actually ding when yu think they're listening t the wise things yu say. Viewers actually dn't understand much f what the jb invlves, they just see yu sitting there lking the part. Like the ability t pet ne's head while rubbing ne's stmach, TV presenting is just ne f thse sills. Sme f thse wh pssess this skill can hit the big name, inevitably as they becme mre attached t the lifestyle this brings, hwever, the mre likely they are t verstate the skill.
In reality, if smebdy is paying yu a lt f mney t d a jb, it's ften n the tacit （心照不宣的） understanding that yu may be fired suddenly-it's part f the deal. Unlike ftball managers, TV presenters pretend nt t understand this. If they've had many years being paid silly sums t read a script frm an autcue （ 自动题词机），it's difficult fr them t accept that they've been the beneficiary f gd frtune rather than anything else; even harder t face the fact that an editr culd all t easily send them t the shpping channels.
Smething similar eventually awaits all the peple wh are currently making frtunes that wuld have been unimaginable t earlier generatins f presenters. One day we'll decide that their face n lnger fits and they'll be dragged away cmplaining abut the same ageist plicy frm which they n dubt previusly prfited. Shw business is a brutal （残忍的） business. The ne thing it reliably punishes is age, particularly amng wmen. That's why, at the age f fifty, female TV presenters becme female radi presenters and why girl bands planning t re-frm need t get it dne befre they're frty, after which it will get t hard fr everyne t suspend their cllective disbelief.
43. What des the writer imply abut the Crimewatch presenter he mentins in the first paragraph?
A. He was unwise t resign when he did.
B. He will sn be frgtten by the viewers.
C. He may well have had a valid pint t make.
D. He was treated insensitively by his emplyers.
44. The underlined prnun “this” in paragraph 2 refers t________.
A. a public imageB. a level f success
C. an verstatementD. a cmmn misunderstanding
45. Why des the writer mentin ftball managers in paragraph 3?
A. T supprt his view that presenters are verpaid.
B. T stress hw imprtant luck is in certain ccupatins.
C. T shw hw relatively secure TV presents are in their jbs.
D. T illustrate a general rule that applies t certain types f jb.
46. Accrding t the writer TV persnalities wh may wrry abut ageism ________.
A. shuld lk fr wrk in ther frms f bradcasting
B. may have benefited frm it themselves at sme pint
C are less well respected than presenters f the past
D. are being unfair t up-and-cming yunger clleagues
【答案】43. B 44. B 45. D 46. B
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
When we talk abut healthy brain ageing we are really discussing ne f tw things: hw t minimize nging damage t the hardware f the brain, mstly by keeping its bld supply as gd as pssible; r hw t imprve the peratin f the brain's sftware. ____47____
There is currently n magic bullet t prtect the brain, but ne area that has been best researched, and abut which we can say with reasnable cnfidence, “this will help”, is mental activity.
There is plenty f evidence that lder peple wh stay mentally active, by learning a new language, ding crsswrds r taking part in ther intellectually challenging activities, preserve full cgnitive functin fr lnger. They have spent mre time ding cgnitively demanding activities ver a lifetime, and they are, t sme extent, buffered frm the physical effects f brain ageing and degenerative diseases. We cal this buffer “cgnitive reserve” - a back-up reservir f brain functin that can prtect frm the cnsequences f brain damage, allwing us t cntinue t perfrm well. Fr example, peple with a higher IQ, lnger educatin r cgnitively challenging emplyment have been fund t have a lwer risk f develping dementia. ____48____ In fact, studies have fund that peple with higher cgnitive, reserve wh d get dementia exhibit less severe symptms even when they have mre brain damage than thse with lwer cgnitive reserve.
____49____ The mre we understand abut its rle in prtecting ur brain and hw t bst ur reserve, the mre effective we will be3 in designing interventins t keep the human brain healthier fr lnger.
____50____ We think it can be built up thrughut life fr everyne. Therefre, taking part in cgnitively challenging activities, learning new skills and cntinuing t “use it r lse it” prbably applies n matter hw ld yu are. Crucially, it's never t late t start.
A. Many ways f ding this have been suggested, but few have scientific weight behind them.
B. Thugh there is nt enugh scientific research abut it, many suggestins have been put frward.
C. Cgnitive reserve isn't exclusive t thse wh have the IQ f a genius r wh've devted their life t theretical physics.
D. Yet there's still much t discver abut the ptential f cgnitive reserve fr ptimizing the brain's resilience.
E. This is despite the fact that their brains actually shw nrmal amunts f age- and disease-related damage.
F. Hwever, studies abut the ptential f cgnitive reserve fr ptimizing the brain's resilience leave much t be desired.
【答案】47. A 48. E 49. D 50. C
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize in n mre than 60 wrds the main idea f the passage and hw it is illustrated. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Where Arts Shuld Get Its Funding?
Few peple wuld cntest the value f arts in a civilized sciety. Great art enriches peple’s lives by prviding pleasure, stimulatin and an escape frm the pressure f everyday life. Hwever, it is als true that many f the arts, such as classical music, the ballet, and the visual arts have always attracted a minrity audience. The questin is whether the arts shuld be publicly funded, r whether it is the cnsumers wh shuld pay.
It is my view that the gvernment shuld subsidize the arts, fr a number f reasns. First f all, withut subsidies, many artists wuld undubtedly be unable t survive financially. Gvernment grants can enable them t wrk with artistic freedm, while if they wrked independently r relied n private subsidies they might be subject t market pressures and the need t make a prfit. Secndly, the arts cntribute t a natin’s cultural heritage and can create a sense f scial identity. They can als play an imprtant rle in educatin, cmmunity regeneratin and even crime preventin. Hwever, the main argument fr public funding f the arts is nt scial usefulness, but rather because they are imprtant fr their wn sake.
Of curse, there are thse wh argue that public mney wuld be better spent n meeting the needs f the prer members f sciety, rather than catering fr the interests f an elite. Hwever, I believe that a healthy sciety is ne in which art and creativity are valued alngside these basic needs. Indeed, a civilized sciety ught t make the arts accessible t everyne, regardless f their backgrund r incme.
In cnclusin, the arts shuld be funded acrss a brad range f activities, fr example, by supprting cmmunity r schl theatre prjects, r bringling sculptures and art installatins t public places.
【答案】The passage tells us that arts shuld be supprted by the gvernment r ther rganizatins, nt nly because funding makes artists cncentrate n their wn careers, but als arts play an imprtant rle in sciety in many aspects.
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52. 环保主义者们为了这片森林免遭人类活动的破坏煞费苦心。（take）（汉译英）
【答案】Envirnmentalists have taken great pains t prtect the frest frm human activity.
53. 许多政府官员意识到了这些问题，但各种利益冲突妨碍了问题的解决。(way) （汉译英）
【答案】Many gvernment fficials are aware f these prblems, but varius cnflicts f interest are in the way.
54. 所有与会者都对Malala，这位为了女性教育权利斗争的诺贝尔和平奖获得者，表示了敬意。（present）（汉译英）
【答案】All the peple present at the meeting shwed respect fr Malala, the Nbel Peace Prize winner wh fught fr wmen’s rights t educatin.
55. 无论是向银行申请贷款还是向亲朋好友借钱，他都难以开展该项目。(put) （汉译英）
【答案】It is difficult fr him t put the prject ff the grund, either by applying fr a lan frm a bank r brrwing mney frm relatives and friends.
VI. Guided Writing
56. 随着手机及其他电子设备的普及，“低头族”随处可见。大街上，公交车上……，以年轻人为主。针对这一问题，请写一篇倡议书，提醒人们低头看手机的危害，并呼吁人们尽量抬起头来。
要求：
1.观点鲜明；
2.行文连贯流畅；
3.字数100左右。文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：低头族 phubber
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The mbile phne and ther electric devices have been part f ur life, bringing us cnvenience. Hwever, mre and mre phubbers, especially yung peple, bury themselves in their phnes withut lking at what was ging n arund them.
Obviusly, their health is the first t bear the brunt f phubbing. Cnstantly bending heads t check cell phnes culd harm peple’s physical health. Symptms include eye strain, neck and shulder pain, headaches and blurred visin. But that’s nt all. Being a phubber culd als damage peple’s scial skills and drive them away frm their friends and family.
Nw, it’s time t raise heads frm electrnic devices. Try t cut the amunt f time n cell phnes and take a break every hur. Only in this way can everyne gain quality time with lved nes and a healthier lifestyle as well.
A. reslve B. cverage C. valued D. cnflicting E. mve F. claim
G. reliant H. bject I. reflectin J. cnstructive K. cntain
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