高考英语课后达标检测：The Conquest of the Universe Word版解析版

这是一份高考英语课后达标检测：The Conquest of the Universe Word版解析版，共8页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·大连一模)Emilia Dbek traces her interest in space and the universe back t third grade when she and her father watched a bld mn—a ttal lunar eclipse(月食)—n the rf f their huse.
Nw a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary Schl, Dbek recently wn the natinal Discvery Educatin Lckheed Martin Beynd Challenge by designing a space statin fr travelling t Mars.
She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strng desire in her that has yet t run ut f fuel. S when her teacher Andrea Smeetn received infrmatin abut the natinal challenge, Smeetn said she immediately had ne student in mind.
“I knew she wuld lve the challenge and that she wuld g way beynd in her search，” Smeetn said. “She immediately started researching bne density(密度) f astrnauts and hw t have fd n Mars.”
“My design will ensure the safety f the astrnauts but als make sure their cmfrt is ut f this wrld，” Dbek says.
Dbek’s design calls fr building the MSS r Mars Strage Statin t put the supplies in. It als includes the SGF r Self­Grwing Farm, and she details hw it wuld wrk with the elements n Mars.
Then there is physical and leisure activity fr the astrnauts under Dbek’s design. A simulatr(模拟装置) allws astrnauts t chse their exercise machine and virtual reality envirnment. Rms have circular ceilings s astrnauts will be able t watch dwnladed shws and even see places n Earth, such as their hmes.
“I want t tell ther kids t fllw their passins，” Dbek said. “Whatever they want t d, they shuld push fr it and always try their best.”
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了小学生Emilia Dbek设计太空站，并赢得挑战的相关内容。
1．Dbek first became interested in space when ________．
A．she was still a seventh grader
B．she studied at a junir high schl
C．she lived n the tp f their huse
D．she watched an eclipse f the mn
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Emilia Dbek traces her interest in space and the universe back t third grade when she and her father watched a bld mn—a ttal lunar eclipse(月食)—n the rf f their huse.”可知，Dbek对太空感兴趣是从她三年级时的一个晚上观看一次月食开始的。
2．Smeetn recmmended that Dbek take the challenge because ________．
A．she knew Dbek liked challenges in life
B．she had n ther students interested in Mars
C．Dbek knew hw t research bne density f astrnauts
D．she was sure that Dbek wuld have utstanding perfrmance
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Smeetn的话可推知，她对Dbek很了解，对其可以接受这项挑战并出色完成充满信心。
3．What des Dbek fcus n when designing the space statin?
A．The envirnment n Mars.
B．The safety f the supplies.
C．The activities fr astrnauts.
D．The cmfrt f the astrnauts.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“make sure their cmfrt is ut f this wrld”并结合对倒数第二段的整体理解可推知，Dbek的设计包含身体和休闲活动，让宇航员在太空中也能感到舒适。
B
(2020·兰州高三诊断)A new chapter pened in mankind’s explratin f the mn n Thursday mrning as the first prbe(航天探测器) t land n the mn’s far side reached its destinatin after a 26­day jurney. The Chang’e 4 lunar prbe, representing China’s latest step in lunar investigatin, landed at 10：26 am at the Vn Kármán crater and then sent back three phts f the landing site sht by cameras n the prbe’s lander(着陆器), marking the wrld’s first images taken n the surface f the far side.
One f the phts, published by the China Natinal Space Administratin, shws the place where Chang’e 4’s rver, which was named Yutu 2 n Thursday night, will be heading t explre and survey. Thus began the first lng jurney t the side f the mn that faces away frm the Earth. It is meant t fulfill scientists’ lng­held desire t clsely bserve the lesser knwn regin.
Tidal(潮汐的)frces n Earth slw the mn’s rtatin t the pint that the same side always faces Earth. The ther side, mst f which is never visible frm Earth, is the far side f the mn. While it has been phtgraphed by spacecraft, starting with a Sviet prbe in 1959, n prbe had ever made a sft landing there, s scientists had nt been able t cnduct surface­level bservatins and surveys f the regin.
Wu Weiren, chief designer f China’s lunar prgram, said in Beijing n Thursday that the landing “was perfect”. He called the event “an imprtant milestne fr China’s space explratin”， adding that it has made a gd start fr future lunar explratin effrts.
With its investigatin f the far side, particularly the Vn Kármán crater, the Chang’e 4 missin will enable scientists t find ut what they haven’t knwn abut the mn and deepen their knwledge f its early histry and f the slar system.
【解题导语】 嫦娥四号探测器在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，同时也为人类了解月球的背面提供了信息。
4．What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．The basic data f the Chang’e 4 lunar prbe.
B．The Chang’e 4’s wrld­first landing n the mn’s far side.
C．The Chang’e 4’s 26­day visit t the far side f the mn.
D．The descriptin f the phts taken n the surface f the mn’s far side.
B 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段第一句“A new chapter pened in mankind’s explratin f the mn n Thursday mrning as the first prbe(航天探测器) t land n the mn’s far side reached its destinatin after a 26­day jurney.”可知，本段主要介绍了嫦娥四号实现了人类首次在月球背面着陆。故选B。
5．What des the underlined wrd “it” in the third paragraph refer t?
A．The lander.
B．The rver.
C．The far side f the mn.
D．The Chang’e 4 lunar prbe.
C 解析：代词指代题。根据第三段的第二句“The ther side, mst f which is never visible frm Earth, is the far side f the mn.”以及画线词所在句中的“While it has been phtgraphed by spacecraft”可知，it在这里指代“the far side f the mn”，故选C。
6．What can we infer frm this text?
A．It is nly n the mn that peple can explre the deep space.
B．The scientific infrmatin btained by Chang’e 4 will be new t the wrld.
C．It is the first time fr peple t see the pictures f the far side f the mn.
D．Chinese space technlgy is mre advanced than that f any ther cuntry’s.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“marking the wrld’s first images taken n the surface f the far side”可知，嫦娥四号月球探测器发回的照片是世界上首次在月球背面拍摄的，由此可推知，B项正确。
7．In which sectin f a website can we prbably read this text?
A．Turism.
B．Health Care.
C．Science and Technlgy.
D．Art and Entertainment.
C 解析：文章出处题。本文为新闻报道，介绍了嫦娥四号探测器首次在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，由此可推知，本文可能出自一个网站的科技版面。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·长沙统一模拟)Steve was a seventh grader, a big by, lking mre like a teenager than a 12­year­ld. Yet, he went unnticed—he had been __1__ every examinatin since first grade—until Miss Wilma appeared.
In the middle f the first semester f schl, the entire seventh grade was __2__fr basic skills.
“Yu all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma tld the class after ging ver the__3__， “except fr ne by. And it __4__ my heart t tell yu this, but...” she __5__， “the smartest by in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve __6__ his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
After that, Steve still wuldn’t d his hmewrk. Even if Miss Wilma __7__ punished him, he remained __8__．
“Steve, please! I care abut yu！”
__9__， Steve gt it！“Smene CARES ABOUT ME？！”
One Mnday a cuple f weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a __10__ n the weekend hmewrk. Steve __11__ thrugh the test and was the first t hand in his paper. With a lk f __12__， Miss Wilma tk his paper and began t lk it ver.
Miss Wilma’s face was in a __13__ shck! She glanced up at Steve, then __14__， then up. The smartest by in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!
Frm that mment, nthing was the same fr Steve. He discvered that nt nly culd he remember and understand __15__， but he culd translate what he learned int his life. He became __16__．
After high schl, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) __17__ military career. During his naval years, he inspired many yung peple wh might nt have __18__ themselves withut him.
A __19__ tk place within the heart f a by all because f ne teacher, wh __20__．
【解题导语】 Steve曾经每次考试都不及格，但是Miss Wilma看到成绩的时候，却说他是班里最聪明的学生，并且告诉他老师非常关心他。Steve感受到老师对自己的良苦用心，从此刻苦学习，改变了自己的命运。老师对他的影响促使他用同样的方法去影响并且帮助更多的人。
1．A.missing B．failing
C．passing D．skipping
B 解析：根据下文可知，Steve学习成绩很差。故可推知，他自一年级以来成绩就不及格，故选B。下文中的“failing”也是提示。
2．A.tested B．classified
C．separated D．dismissed
A 解析：根据语境及下文内容可知，此处是说第一学期期中七年级全部学生进行基本技能测试。test“测试”符合语境。
3．A.questins B．effects
C．lessns D．results
D 解析：根据上文可知，七年级全部学生进行了基本技能测试，故此处应是指查看测试成绩(results)。
4．A.fills B．presses
C．breaks D．destrys
C 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示告诉Steve他考试没及格使Miss Wilma心碎。break “使心碎”。
5．A.shuted B．hesitated
C．interrupted D．laughed
B 解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma的语意有所转折，故此处表示她犹豫(hesitated)了一下继续说道。
6．A.drpped B．raised
C．cvered D．clsed
A 解析：根据语境可知，Steve此次测试未及格，所以当Miss Wilma提到Steve的时候，Steve双目低垂，认真检查自己的指尖。drp ne’s eyes“垂下眼睛”。
7．A.strangely B．steadily
C．severely D．secretly
C 解析：根据上文“After that, Steve still wuldn’t d his hmewrk.”并结合语境可推知，虽然Miss Wilma严厉地(severely)惩罚了Steve，但他仍然很固执(stubbrn)。
8．A.helpless B．stubbrn
C．flexible D．crazy
B 解析：参见上题解析。
9．A.Cmmnly B．Unwillingly
C．Particularly D．Suddenly
D 解析：根据语境可知，Steve突然顿悟，有人关心着自己。suddenly“突然”符合语境。
10．A.quiz B．chance
C．speech D．presentatin
A 解析：根据下文“Steve ______ thrugh the test and was the first t hand in his paper.”可知，该处表示Miss Wilma组织了一场小测试(quiz)。
11．A.slept B．lked
C．lived D．hurried
D 解析：根据该句中的“was the first t hand in his paper”可推知，Steve很快就完成了测试。hurry“急忙(做某事)”符合语境。
12．A.disappintment B．surprise
C．satisfactin D．inspiratin
B 解析：根据下文“Miss Wilma’s face was in a ______ shck！”可知，Miss Wilma对Steve的表现非常惊讶(surprise)。disappintment“失望”；satisfactin“满意”；inspiratin“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。
13．A.bitter B．ttal
C．precius D．ridiculus
B 解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma深感震惊。a ttal shck“深感震惊”为固定搭配。
14．A.dwn B．away
C．ut D．back
A 解析：根据该句“She glanced up at Steve, then ______， then up.”可知，Miss Wilma深感震惊，上下打量Steve。dwn“向下”符合语境。
15．A.hmewrk B．grades
C．knwledge D．subjects
C 解析：根据语境以及空后的“but he culd translate what he learned int his life”可知，Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识(knwledge)应用到生活中。
16．A.utstanding B．lazy
C．rugh D．trublesme
A 解析：根据上文内容可知，Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识应用到生活中。由此可推知，他变得很优秀(utstanding)。
17．A.tiring B．rdinary
C．hardwrking D．successful
D 解析：根据上文并结合语境可推知，毕业后，Steve参加了海军，而且在军队中很成功。tiring“令人困倦的”；rdinary“普通的”；hardwrking“努力的”。
18．A.relied n B．lked after
C．turned t D．believed in
D 解析：根据语境可知，Steve在海军服役期间鼓舞了许多年轻人，如果没有他，这些年轻人可能不会相信(believed in)自己。
19．A.cmpetitin B．chice
C．change D．campaign
C 解析：根据上文可知，Steve在Miss Wilma的关心(cared)下，发生了改变(change)。
20．A.waited B．listened
C．wished D．cared
D 解析：参见上题解析。与上文中的“I care abut yu！”呼应。