2019-2020学年八年级英语下学期同步讲练测 (5)学案

Module 4 Seeing the doctor

第一节：词汇背默

1.                 n.咳嗽v咳嗽
2.                 n.发烧;发热
3.                 n.头痛
4.                 n.腹部;肚子
5.                n.痛;疼痛
6.                胃痛;腹痛
7.                 n.牙痛
8.                 adj.不健康的;有病的
9.                 pron.这,这个(指刚提到的或显而易见的人、物或事实等)
10.                prep.自…以来conj.自……以来
11.                 n.感冒;伤风
12.                感冒
13.                (用机器)测定,量取,拍摄(尤指有规律地)吃,喝
14.                量某人的体温 fast food快餐食品
15.                n.健康(状况)
16.                adj.健康的
17.                n.心;心脏
18.                adj.积极的;活跃的
19.                宠物:宠畜
20.                 n.成员;会员
21.                参加,参与(某事)
22.                 n.状况;身体状况
23.                健康状况很好
24.                adj.困的;想睡的
25.                 adv.当时;那时
26.                 adj.每天的;天天的
27.                adj.弱的;虚弱的
28.                 n.病;疾病
29.                 v.运动;锻炼
30.                极讨厌的;极坏的
31.                感到不舒服
32.                浑身;到处
33.                adv可能;也许

随堂练习

一、英汉短语互译。

1．决定做________                2．start a girl’s football team ________

3．从那时起________             4．a member of ________

5．参加________                  6．in excellent condition ________

7．在过去几年里________          8．with a smile on one’s face ________

9．全身________                  10．too...to…________

二、根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。

1．When you get a fever，your t______ is higher than usual．

2．If you have been ill for more t______ one day，go to the doctor．

3．It’s easy to look a _______ your dog．

4．I love p_______ computer games with my friends．

5．Fast food is not h_______ and once I got a stomachache．

6．Jack feels terrible．He thinks he has got a _______(感冒)．

7．Sonia is in bed because she has got a _______(发烧)．

8．The woman often has got a _______(头疼)．

9．My head h_______ last week．

10．The little boy ate lots of ice cream．Now he has got a _______(肚子疼)．

三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

1．I often get exercise by ________(walk) after dinner．

2．He ________(live) there in the last five years．

3．How old were you when you first started _______(play) the piano?

4．I enjoy _______(watch) TV．

5．Exercise is good for our _______(healthy)．

第二节：重点句型

1．我有什么可以帮你的吗？

How __________________？

2．莉莉去年花太多时间坐在电视前面了。

Lily __________ too much time ______________ the TV last year.

3．他两周前离开了家，到现在我们一直没有他的消息。

We ______ heard from him ______ he __________.

4．我弟弟已经学日语三年了。

My brother ____________ Japanese ____________.

5．让我替你量量体温吧。

Let me __________________.

6．这本字典我已买了三年了。

I ____________ this dictionary ____________.

7．他们已经结婚十年了。

They __________________ for ten years.

8．自从他搬到福州，他就住这儿了。

He has been living here __________________.

9．照相机已经成为他生活中的一部分了。

The camera has already __________________.

第三节：重点语法

现在完成时

He has been away from the army for nine years because of a leg wound.

  (1) for和since区别

     for用来说明动作的延续时间长短，即多长时间，时间段

              用来说明动作起点，即时间点，指具体的年，月，日，时，星期几

     since     since + 一段时间 + ago，表示自……时间前开始至今

              since + 一般过去时从句

              It is(has been) + 一段时间 + since +一般过去时从句

                              时间段 + has passed since + 一般过去时从句

  (2) leave为瞬间性动词（短暂性），不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如果有时间段的时间状语，

     要将短暂性动词改为延续性动词。

 【链接】常见短暂变延续的动词

  die —— be dead    borrow/lend —— keep    come / go —— be in

  buy —— have     leave —— be away (from)   finish —— be over

  begin / start —— be on    open —— be open    close —— be closed

  become —— be    join —— be in

随堂练习

用since和for填空

1. Jim has been in Ireland              Monday.

2. Jill has been in Ireland              three days.

3. His aunt has lived in Australia              15 days.

4. Mary is in her office. She has been there              7 o'clock.

5. India has been an independent country              1974.

6. The bus is late. They've been waiting              20 minutes.

7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty              many years.

8. Mike has been ill              a long time. He has been in hospital              October.

9. It              three years              I came to America.

第四节：知识点解析

1. ache

（1）ache作名词，意为“痛；隐痛”。例如：

He felt a dull ache in his shoulder. 他感到肩膀隐隐作痛。

（2）作动词，意为“（身体某部位持续且较强烈的）疼痛”。例如：

  My tennis elbow began to ache again. 我打网球的手肘又开始痛了。

【拓展】

ache表“疼痛”时，其主语是身体的某部位，而不是“人”。 例如：

My legs ache. 我脚疼。

【注意】

head，tooth，stomach（胃）与ache一起构成复合名词，如：headache（头疼），toothache（牙疼），stomachache（胃疼）。但leg，foot，hand，forehead不行。

2. ill

ill作形容词，意为“不健康的；有病的”。例如：

Her mother was ill.　她妈妈病了。

【拓展】

ill和sick的辨析：

 ill和sick都意为“生病的”，但用法不同：

ill作“生病的”讲时，只能作表语；sick意为“生病的，恶心的”时，既可作定语，又可作表语。例如：

The boy doesn’t like to eat anything. He can be ill. 这个男孩不愿意吃东西，他可能病了。

Lucy’s mother is sick/ill in hospital.Lucy的妈妈生病住院了。

She’ll visit her sick mother after school. 放学后她要去看望生病的妈妈。

3. since

since作连词，意为“自从”，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句常用完成时。

例如：

I have studied English since I came here. 自从我来这里就学习英语。

I have known her since I was five years old. 自从我五岁就认识她。

【拓展】

since还可以作介词，连接一个过去的时间点或一段时间+ago。例如：

She has been ill since last weekend. 她自从上周末就病了。

She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自从四年前她就在武汉。

4. catch a cold

（1）catch作动词，意为“染上（疾病）；接住；抓住”，也可以作名词，意为“抓球（游戏）”。

例如：

Can you catch the ball? 你能接住球吗？

It was a good catch. 那球接得好。

（2）catch a cold意为“感冒”。例如：

Put on your coat, or you’ll catch a cold. 穿上你的外套，不然你会感冒。

【拓展】

关于catch的短语：

catch a fever 发烧      catch fire 着火

catch up with 赶上     catch hold of 抓住

5. take sb’s temperature

take sb’s temperature意为“量某人的体温”。此处take作动词，意为“（用机器）测定；量取”。例如：

 The doctor took Tom’s temperature and examined his ears and throat.医生给Tom量了体温然后检查他的耳朵和嗓子。

【拓展】

take作动词，还可意为“拍摄；（尤指有规律地）吃，喝；乘，坐”。例如：

We are taking lots of photos on the Great Wall. 我们正在长城上拍很多的照片。

She takes medicine three times every day. 她每天吃三次药。

You can take a plane to Shanghai.你可以乘飞机去上海。

6. well/good

两者都可以表示“好”的意思。比较级和最高级都为better和best.

（1）well是副词，用于修饰动词。例如：

Tom speaks Chinese well. 汤姆的汉语说得好。

He sings well. 他唱得好。

（2）good作形容词，用作定语或表语。例如：

She is a good doctor. 她是个好医生。

His pronunciation is very good. 他的语音很好。

（3）well作形容词时，指的是健康状况良好。例如：

He is quite well. 他身体好。

I hope you will be well soon. 我希望你很快好起来。

7. take part in

take part in意为“参加”，常指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用。take part in之后接名词或动名词。例如：

I didn’t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill. 我没有参加昨天的运动会，因为我病了。

Everyone can take part in gardening. 每个人都可以参加到园艺活动中来。

【拓展】

join是动词，意为“加入”。指加入某一党派、组织或社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一员。其后常出现club, army, team, group以及人称代词宾格等。例如：

join the swimming club 参加游泳俱乐部

join the army 参军      join us 加入到我们的行列

8. exercise

（1）作不及物动词，意为“锻炼、运动”。 例如：

— How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次？

— I exercise every day. 我每天都锻炼。

（2）作不可数名词，意为“锻炼、运动”，常与动词take连用。例如：

Exercise makes me keep healthy. 运动使我保持健康。

Some old people take exercise in the park in the morning.  一些老人家清晨在公园做运动。

（3）作可数名词，意为“练习；操”。例如：

We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天做早操。

We do English exercises to help us learn English well. 我们做英语练习以便学好英语。

9. Do not eat fast food!

表示命令、请求、禁止或建议等语气的句子叫祈使句。祈使句通常省去主语you。有时为了表达较委婉或客气的语气，可在句子开头或末尾加please。其肯定结构通常以动词原形开头；否定结构在动词前加don’t。例如：

 Open the door. 把门打开。

 Don’t do it like that. 不要像那样做。

口诀：

 祈使句，祈使句，请求，命令或建议；

 动词原形来开头，主语是you常省去；

 若要构成否定句，句首Don’t 别客气；

 要使语气更委婉，please前后均可以。

10. Why don’t we go for a run before school?

Why don’t we/you do sth.? 是一个否定疑问句，意为“为什么不……？”常用来征求意见和提出建议，相当于“Why not do sth.?”例如：

Why don’t you go with us?

= Why not go with us? 为什么不同我们一起去呢？

Why don’t you go swimming?

= Why not go swimming? 为什么不去游泳呢？

【拓展】

 why not用在口语中表示赞同，意为“当然，好啊”。例如：

 — Let’s go to the movies. 我们看电影吧。

 — Why not? 好啊！

11. Perhaps I am too weak to do any exercise.

too…to…意为“太……而不能……”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。

例如：

 The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。

【拓展】

（1）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后所跟的介词不能省略。例如：

   The room is too small to live in. 这房间太小了不能住。

（2）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的宾语实际上就是这个句子的主语时，动词不定式后面不能再加              代词作宾语。例如：

   The question is too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难了，无法回答。

（3）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式能确切说明动作执行者时，可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语，即for sb.形式。例如：

   The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了，他搬不动。

（4）含too…to…的句子可以改写成so…that…句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：

   He is too old to do hard work.

   =He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。

（5）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not + 形容词/副词 + enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如：

   He is too old to do hard work.

   =He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了，不能做重活。

4. So you have already been in hospital for two days.

in hospital意为“住院”。

The two sisters take their turns to take care of their mother in hospital.这两个姐妹轮流照看他们住院的妈妈。

【拓展】

in hospital 指住院，强调身体状况。
 in the hospital 指在医院，强调地点。

例如：

His mother was in hospital. 他的妈妈生病住院了。 
 His mother was in the hospital. 他的妈妈在医院里。 

类似情况：in bed 指卧病在床，强调身体状况；
 in the bed 指在床上，强调地点。

5. I went running in the park to get fit, …

“go+动词-ing形式”表示“去做某事”，常用于从事某一项体育活动或休闲娱乐活动，动名词前面不能用some或其他表示数量概念的词语修饰，常见的短语有：

go bike riding 骑自行车远行   go sightseeing 去观光

go shopping去买东西         go skating去滑冰

go swimming去游泳          go boating去划船

go walking去散步            go climbing去登山

go dancing去跳舞            go hiking 去远足

【拓展】

动词do后跟动名词形式构成短语，动名词作do的宾语，具有名词性质，可以用some或the 修饰。例如：

do some reading阅读     do some washing洗涮     do some cooking做饭  

do some swimming游泳    do some speaking多说     do some listening多听

随堂练习

单项选择。
1．—How long are you going to stay here?

    —________．

    A．Five days ago       B．Since five days ago

C．For five days       D．In five days

2．My mother tells me _______ food is good _______ my health．

A．healthful；to     B．healthy；to     C．healthy；for     D．healthful；for

3．Miss Lin _______ a lot of work for the poor area since 2010．

A．does       B．did       C．has done      D．will do

4．He _______ for ten years．

A．has been married   B．married      C．got married     D．has married

5．—Have you heard about that car accident near the school?

    —Yes，luckily no one _______．

A．hurt       B．was hurt      C．has hurt      D．were hurt

6．_______ great picture! Who painted it?

A．How       B．What       C．How a      D．What a

7．—_______ of volunteers will be needed for planting trees near that desert．

    —Let’s go and _______ them．

    A．Thousands；join        B．Thousand；be a member of

C．Three thousand；take part in      D．Thousands；be in

8．Tom，_______ afraid of speaking in front of people．You are the best one．

A．don’t       B．not       C．not be      D．don’t be

9．He has never been to Urumqi，_______?

A．has he      B．hasn’t he      C．is he       D．isn’t he

10．—My mother is ill.

—________

A．I think so.         B．That’s OK.

C．Really? Thank you.       D．I’m sorry to hear that.

11．I’m very tired. I should ________.

A．work       B．rest       C．have lunch     D．see a film

12．Nancy is not feeling ________now.

A．badly       B．well       C．nice       D．Right

13．It’s spring now, so we decide ________to the mountains.

A．to go       B．going       C．to going      D．Go

14．Miss Green isn’t in the office．She _______ to the library．

A．has gone      B．went       C．will go      D．has been

15．The students have cleaned the classroom，_______?

  A．so they      B．don’t they      C．have they      D．haven’t they

16. —Did you see Tom yesterday?

—No, I _________ him for a long time.

1. didn’t see     B. hasn’t seen    C. saw       D. haven’t seen

17.—Has Jane done the washing yet?

—You cannot       her to do such a thing.

1. want    B. hope    C. expect      D. wish

18. Since 2009, Modern Family _____ us the funny, sad and moving stories of three American families.

  A. has given          B. will give          C. gave              D. gives

第五节：书面表达

假如你叫李华，你的同学正在开展一场讨论，主题是：“中学生要不要参加体育锻炼”。请根据下面所提供的信息，用英语总结出讨论情况，80词左右。

提示：

We have discussed about whether it is necessary for middle school students to do sports training.According to the result，                                                                                  

家庭作业

一、 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。

1．He has never surfed，______ ______?(完成反意疑问句)

2．They have been here since 2000．(对划线部分提问)

   ______ ______ have they been here?

3．The old man died last year．(同义句转换)

   The old man ______ ______ ______ for a year．

4．This factory opened twenty years ago．(同义句转换)

   This factory ______ ______ ______ for twenty years．

5．Miss Gao left an hour ago．(同义句转换)

   Miss Gao ______ ______ ______ _______ an hour ago．

6．Her mother has been a Party member for three years．(同义句转换)

   Her mother _______ the Party three years ________．

7．The Green Family moved to France two years ago．(同义句转换)

   ______ two years ______ the Green family moved to France．

8．The bus has arrived here．It arrived ten minutes ago．(把两个句子合并成一个句子)

   ___________________________________________________________

二、根据汉语提示，完成句子。

1．我还没有发现我最喜爱的运动。

   I ______ ______ my ______ sport．

2．我正变得健康了许多。

   I am getting ______ ______ fit．

3．从那时起，它就成了我生活的一部分。

   ______ ______，it has become part of my life．

4．我昨天头痛的很严重。

   I had a very ______ _______ yesterday．

5．老师面带微笑进了教室。

   The teacher came into the classroom ______ a smile ______ her face．

6．这个女孩是我们学校篮球队成员之一。

   The girl is a _______ _______ our school basketball team．

7．我今天感觉不舒服。

   I’m not _______ _______ today．

8．露西参加了和我们一样的训练。

   Lucy ______ ______ ______ the same training with us．

9．你的左脚怎么了? 让我给你检查一下吧!

   What’s ______ with your left foot? Let me ______ it．

10．我太弱而不能做任何锻炼。

   I’m ______ weak ______ do any exercise．

三、 语法专练：选择括号内适当的词填空。

1．Both his parents look sad．Maybe they _______ (knew; have known; must know) what happened to him．

2．He has _______ (already; never; ever) been to Shanghai，has he?

3．Have you met Mr. Li _______( just; ago; before)?

4．It _______ (is; has; was) ten years since he left the army．

5．My parents _______ (have been in; have been to; have gone to) Shandong for ten years．

四、完形填空。

Teddy’s Bear

The story of how the teddy bear was invented is an interesting one. In 1902, American president Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt was hunting (打猎) in the forest with several of his friends. Almost everyone had successfully shot (射中) an animal, but the president    1    not.  Nobody wanted to make the president look    2   , so they tied an American black bear to a   3   . They wanted the president to shoot (射中) it.

The president was very surprised to see the bear tied to a tree. He felt it was   4   to shoot the bear, because it couldn’t run away. He   5   to shoot it, and the story of his decision went all over the country. Everybody was moved by the president’s beliefs (信念). There was   6   a cartoon showing the president refusing to shoot a cute bear.

It was this cartoon and the story behind the president’s hunting trip that gave Morris an idea to make a new   7   . He made a small, soft bear and showed it in his shop window. Next to the bear he made a sign that read, “Teddy’s Bear”. The new toy was a big success and it   8   Morris with the money to create a toy company.

Teddy bears have been   9   since they were first made. A teddy bear would be the first choice when people think about children’s toys. Theodore Roosevelt’s famous   10   on a hunting trip in 1902 brought millions of soft, stuffed (填满填充物的) bears. They are being loved by people across the world.

1. A. did          B. should           C. would         D. had

2. A. sad          B. happy           C. friendly        D. fine

3. A. wall         B. chair            C. rock           D. tree

4. A. difficult      B. unfair           C. dangerous       D. exciting

5. A. wanted       B. decided          C. refused        D. went

6. A. only         B. hardly           C. even           D. still

7. A. company     B. toy              C. shop           D. present

8. A. gave         B. filled            C. met           D. provided

9. A. colorful      B. expensive        C. popular         D. boring

10. A. decision      B. speech          C. sign            D. skill

五、综合填空

Health is important to everyone.What should we do to keep healthy？Here 1.a______some tips：First，we should eat healthy food and follow healthy eating 2.h______.We should eat more fruit and vegetables instead of 3.u______ food.There is an old saying “An apple a day 4.k______ the doctor away”．Also,5.d______ more water is good for us.And we'd better not eat too much or too little.6.S______，we should exercise more.Exercising can help us to keep fit and strong.It is also a good 7.w______ to relax.Third，we should get 8.e______ sleep.It is a healthy lifestyle to go to bed early and get up early.We'd better not stay up late.When we feel 9.s______ and tired，we should have a good rest.If we follow these tips，we will 10.h______ good health.

六、阅读回答问题

I’m taking my family to other countries to have a trip. My wife, I and our two children are all going along. My elder brother has decided to go with us. He has never been overseas（出国） and he is even more excited than the children. My father is so old that he’d like to stay home and take care of the house.

We’re going to go by train to New York, and then take a ship to Europe（欧洲）. When we arrive in Europe, we’re going to several countries for sightseeing. We’ll go to places either by train or by bus. We’re going to fly home.

It took us a long time to decide where to go, but I think we have planned a very interesting trip. We will go to England, France and Italy. My wife is very interested in France because she is a teacher of French. And my brother, who speaks very good Italian（意大利语）, is looking forward to the trip to Italy.

We also talked about how we would go to Europe. At first we wanted to fly because it would be faster and would save more time. But my brother likes to take a boat trip and the children enjoy that, too.

阅读短文，回答下列问答题。

1. Why is the writer’s brother very excited?

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2. How are they coming back home?

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3. What will they do in Europe?

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4. Where does the writer’s wife work?

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5. What would the writer’s brother and his children like to do?

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