专题19 中考英语单项选择分析

这是一份专题19 中考英语单项选择分析，共22页。PPT课件主要包含了中考出题预测分析，语法专项分析， 情景交际分析， 热点分析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、分析历年的中考题，可以发现，单项选择 从三个方面出题。 1. 词性：名词、冠词、数词、介词、连词、代词、 动词、 形容词和副词等九类词性 2. 句法类 3. 情景交际
1. 语法专项分析2. 情景交际分析3. 学科渗透分析4. 热点分析
二、本节课从以下四个 方面来分析中考单项选择题：
语法是研究句子结构和词形变化的科学,是对语言规律的总结。语法知识是单项选择的主干，不管什么样的题目多多少少都会涉及语法知识，所以现在化一定的时间来分析语法知识考点是必要的。考生可以根据所列条目检查是否已经掌握基本考点，进行查漏补缺。语法主要分以下两个方面：1.词类：名词、冠词、数词、介词、连词、代词、动词、形容词和副词等九类词性。2.句法类。
一、名词 考生在名词方面应掌握这几个要点：1.名词变复数的规则,如（1）以s,x,ch和sh结尾的（2）以辅+y结尾的（3）元+y结尾的（4）以f/fe结尾的(5)以0结尾的2.几个不规则的复数名词如:man,wman,child,ft,tth,sheep,deer, Englishman,Frenchman,Japanese,Chinese,3.只用复数形式的名词如:peple,clthes,gds,plice,trusers4.一些集体名词如:class,team,family,schl5.不可数名词如:news,infrmatin,wd,fd,wrk,weather,rm, space,ppulatin,metal,glass,cttn,silk,bread,meat,water,cffee,milk, prridge,mney,fun,etc.6.名词所有格如:Wmen’s Day,Teachers’ Day,a map f China, a few minutes’ walk,Lucy and Lily’s father, Lucy’s and Lily’s shes a friend f mine,tday’s newspaper,at the dctr’s,etc.7.与复数名词连用的单词如:many, (a )few,a number f,these,thse,tw,different,ne f---;与不可数名词连用的单词如:much,(a)little;都可连用的如：sme,any,n,enugh,a lt f,lts f,etc.8.不可数名词及其量的表示法，如：a cup f tea,tw glasses f milk等。
从98年到04年选择题中名词共出现八道题，它们是：
(98年) 1.-What can yu see in the picture?-Oh,I can see many______. A. hrse B. sheep C. cw D. pig(99年) 2.-Can I help yu ,sir?- I’d like fur mncakes and ______. A. tw cup f tea B. tw cups f teas C. tw cups f tea D. tw cup f tea (99年) 3.The place f interest is abut _____walk frm here. A. tw hur B. tw hur’s C. tw hurs’ D. tw hurs(00年) 4.-Miss Yang, where are the stry-bks? -They are n thse ______in the crner. A. shelf B. shelfs C. shelfes D. shelves(00年) 5.-Is it far frm yur hme t the statin? -N, it’s nly ______walk. A. ten minutes B. ten minute C. ten minutes’ D. ten minute’s(05年) 6.-Can yu tell me when when_____is? – It’s n the third Sunday in June. A. Mther’s day B. Father’s Day C. Tree Planting Day D. Thanksgiving Day
二、形容词和副词考生在形容词和副词方面应掌握这几个要点：
1.形容词和副词变成比较级和最高级的规则。尤其是不规则单词。2.使用原级、比较级、最高级的方法。3.几个特殊的句型。4.形容词和副词的特性。5.几个特殊的常用的形容词和副词。
98年至05年共有形容词6题、副词9题，现摘录部分题目如下：
-Time is mney. -But I think time is _______mney. A. mre imprtant than B. nt imprtant as C. s imprtant as D. the mst imprtant (01)2. -I bught a nice MP3 yesterday. It’s nly $ 50. -Really? Mine is $ 120. It’s ______than yurs. A. cheaper B. lwer C. mre expensive D. less (04)Mr Smith walked ______fast fr us ______catch up with. A. t---t B. such---that C. enugh---t D. s---that (04)
三、动词考生在动词方面应掌握这几个要点：
1.动词的第三人称、现在分词、过去式、过去分词构成2.三种非谓语动词（d,t d,ding ）的常用单词用法3.动词的时态和语态4.最基本的几个情态动词的用法5.几对常用近义动词的用法
98年至05年共有动词47题，现摘录部分题目如下
1.—Why is yur freign teacher's Chinese s gd? —Because he China fr eight years.A. has gne tB. has been tC. has cme tD. has been in
2.—It's a bit cld utside. We'd betterur cats. —I think s. A.nt t take ff B.nt t put n C. nt take ff D.nt put n3. The tall building______ten years ag, but it still lks quite new. A. was built B. must be built C. is built D. built
四、数词考生在数词方面应掌握这几个要点：
1、基数词和序数词的写法和用法2、hundred,thusand,millin,billin的用法3、分数表达法4、日期、钟点、年龄的表示方法
98年至05年共有数词4题，现摘录部分题目如下：
Miss Ga says there are abut_____English stry bks in the schl library. (98) A. six hundreds f B. six hundred f C. six hundreds D. six hundred2. May is _______mnth f the year. A.five B. the five C. fifth D. the fifth (99)3.Mre than ______tickets had been sld ut when I gt t the cinema. A. tw hundred B. tw hundreds C. tw hundred f D. tw hundreds f (00)
五、代词考生在代词方面应掌握这几个要点：
1、人称代词主格和宾格的用法2、形容词性物主代词的用法3、名词性物主代词的用法4、反身代词的用法5、指示代词的用法6、疑问代词的用法7、不定代词的用法8、it的用法
98年至05年共有代词13题，现摘录部分题目如下：
–These are nt my clthes. Are they yurs? -N, they’re_______. A. mine B. yur C. hers D. their2. –Excuse me , where is the nearest pst ffice? -It’s n _______ side f the street, next t the bk shp. A. ther B. the ther C. thers d. anther3. –D yu speak French? -Yes, but nly _______. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little4. -Excuse me , is this yur ruler? -N, it’s nt ______. A. I B. me C. my D. mine5. –Wuld yu like sme mre milk? - Just ______, thanks. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
6. —What abut the English nvel? —It's nt very difficult . There are nly new wrds in it. A, few B. a few C. many D. a little
六、连词考生在连词方面应掌握这几个要点：
1、了解几个并列连词的用法如：and,but ,r,nt nly---but als,etc.2、了解几个常见的从句连词的用法如：if,whether, because,since,when,befre,after,until,as sn as,etc.
98年至05年共有连词3题，现摘录部分题目如下：
We have never heard frm Mr Green_______he left in 1990 A. Befre B. since C. after D. fr(00)- Hw d yu like this shirt? - It lks nice, _______ it’s t dear. A. r B. and C. but D. fr(04)- When did yu knw the news? - I knew nthing abut it ______my friend tld me. A. after B. if C. because D. until
七、介词 考生在介词方面应掌握这几个要点：
1、了解一些常用的介词及其用法2、熟记常用的介词短语
98年至05年共有介词7题，现摘录部分题目如下：
(98) 1. I dn’t think the fd shp is pen _____ this time f day. A. t B. in C. n D. at(99)2. Her best friend sits ______ Han Meimei’s right, behind Lin Ta. A. in B. at C. n D. by(00)3. We had an English party last night. Everybdy was n time____Tm. A. except B.. withut C. until D. since(01)4. –Jack, when were yu brn? - I was brn ______Octber 8 , 1984. A. in B. n C. at D. by(02)5. What d yu usually d______ Sundays? A. at B. in C. n D. fr(04) 6. —Wh will give us a talk tmrrw? —Yang Liwei. The talk is his trip t space. A. in B. abut C. at D. f
八、冠词 考生在冠词方面应掌握这几个要点：
1、区别a和an的用法及the与它们的不同2、熟记冠词的固定词组3、了解定冠词的基本用法和不用冠词的情况
98年至05年共有冠词7题，现摘录部分题目如下
1.Jane is _____ English girl. She cmes frm _______England. A. an , the B. an, \ C. the, the D.\ , \2. –Lk!What’s that in the tree? -Oh, it’s _______kite. A. a B. an C. the D.\3. Lk! There is _______big range n the flr. A. a B. an C. the D. \4. –Miss Ga, What’s this? -It’s _______English – Chinese dictinary A. a B. the C. an D. \5. –Is India______English speaking cuntry? - I’ve n idea. Let’s g and ask Mr.Hu. A. a B. the C. an D. \6. The elephant isuseful animal t human beings. A. a B. an C. the D. /
近几年的中考单项填空题越来越侧重在语境中测试学生的综合运用语言知识的 能力，基本上以对话的方式出现，考生应特别引起注意，尤其情景交际，在这七年的考试中有14个题目是情景交际题，单项填空越来越强调题目的生活化、交际化，体现了英语是用来交际的语言工具这一特点，如：
1.-Happy birthday t yu! -________. A. Thank yu B. Yes, f curse C. I hpe s D. Yu’re t kind. (02)2.-What can I d fr yu, madam? A. Thank yu B. All right C. sme apples D. It’s nice f yu (04)
3.-My mther is ill in hspital. — _______ A. I dn't think sB. Oh, she is unlucky C. N prblemD. I'm srry t hear that4.-Shall we g bating tmrrw? -_______.The weather reprt says a strm is cming. A. I'm afraid we can't B. Sure C. That's a gd idea D. That's a deal
5.Lk at the picture. What will the by prbably say t the granny? A.It desn’t matter. Nthing serius B."I'm terribly srry. Are yu OK?" C."Nice t meet yu. Hw are yu?" D."Bad luck. Yu are s careless. "
3. 学科渗透和生活文化常识分析
学习英语不仅仅是学习语言知识，而且还要学习它的文化,我们不能只读语法知识还要注意了解生活常识；英语是用来交流思想、表达感情、传递信息的语言交际工具，任何领域都要用到它，它与其它的学科有着紧密的关系，在历年各地的中考卷中出现了许多涉及生活常识、文化风俗及其它学科的题目，如：
–What number shuld appear next after eight-ne? -It’s ______. 3 9 27 81 ? A. tw hundred and frty-nine B. tw hundred and frty-ne C. tw hundred and frty-eight D. tw hundred and frty-three
2. If H2 burns in O2, we can get________. A. H2 B. H2O C. O2 D. H2O23. The sum f the whle numbers between 1 and 100 is ________. A. 101 B. 5050 C. 1000 D. 1004. In the fllwing series, which letter cmes next? A, C, E, G,--- A. I B. K C. M D. H5.- Can yu tell me when ______is? - Yes. It’s n the third Sunday in June. A. Mther’s Day B. Father’s Day C. Tree Planting day D. Thanksgiving Day6. Let’s enjy the sng Yesterday Once Mre. It sunds ______. A. well B. sadly C. nice D. bad
–The film “Harry Ptter” is really interesting. -Yeah. I______ it twice. A.have seen B. see C. will see D. had seen2. -A lt f peple gt SARS last year. It’s terrible. -Yes, we shuld ______urselves and keep healthy. A. lk ver B. lk ver C. lk after D. lk up3. The spaceship ______will g arund the earth in 2005 will be called Shenzhu VII. A. which B. wh C. whm D. what4. D yu thin Ya Ming plays basketball as_____as Michael Jrdan? A. bad B. badly C. wnderful D. wnderfully5. Bth Wang Ta ______Kng Linghui are famus pingpng players. A. nr B. but C. r D. and