江苏省2020-2021学年高一下学期期初英语试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题

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阅读理解专题
江苏省扬州高中2020-2021学年高一下学期开学检测英语试题
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It’s about two sisters—Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Fynn
There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There’s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable.
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world’s population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
1. Who does “I” refer to in the text?
A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.
C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl.
2. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda.
C. After Dark. D. The Stand.
3. What kind of book is Gone Girl?
A. A folk tale. B. A biography.
C. A love story. D. A horror story.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了作家Jo Usmar选出的四本好书。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.可知，下文介绍作家Jo Usmar选出的最好的读物，所以下文中的“I”指的是Jo Usmar。故C选项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据After Dark中It’s about two sister—Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student.可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹——Eri是一个要么不睡，要么一觉不醒的模特，玛丽，是一个年轻学生。所以After Dark中讲述了Eri和Mari的故事。故C选项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Gone Girl中的...but the horror story is brilliant.可知，这是一个恐怖故事。故D选项正确。
B
“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.
I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?
4. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l？
A. She knows little about the club.
B. She isn’t good at sports.
C. She just doesn’t want to volunteer.
D. She’s unable to meet her schedule.
5. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Encourage teamwork.
B. Appeal to feelings.
C. Promote good deeds.
D. Provide advice.
6. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrosse.
B. She is proud of her kids.
C. She’ll work for another season.
D. She becomes a good helper.
7. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A. It gives her a sense of duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her to work hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，并且这位家长后来成为这个团队中有力的帮手，同时作者在参与志愿者活动过程中也获得了很多快乐。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.可知，这位家长说如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作，她会做这份工作，作者可以把她当作最后的备选，也就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。故选C。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线前句she may just need a little persuading.和下面的一句话I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on ...可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知，划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四段最后两句Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐，参加志愿者活动活动能让人感觉快乐。故选B。
C
Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.
A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.
“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.
Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It’s a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.
8. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?
A. Food variety.
B. Eating habits.
C. Table manners.
D. Restaurant service.
9. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?
A. To meet with her coworkers.
B. To catch up with her work.
C. To have some time on her own.
D. To collect data for her report.
10. What do we know about Mazoleny?
A. He makes videos for the bar.
B. He’s fond of the food at the bar.
C. He interviews customers at the bar.
D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. The trend of having meals alone.
B. The importance of self-reflection.
C. The stress from working overtime.
D. The advantage of wireless technology.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。据一份报告显示，越来越多的美国人喜欢独自用餐，并通过两个实例加以说明，文章总结了人们喜欢独自用餐的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在美国，约有46%的人们独自用餐，53%的人们独自吃早餐，46%的人们独自吃午餐，只有74%的人们晚餐不是独自享用，故可知本段的数据是关于用餐习惯，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. Today, I just wanted some time to myself.可知，Bechtel一个人吃午饭可以让她逃离老板的关注，给自己留一些自由时间，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段he likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction.可知，Mazoleny喜欢这样的气氛，因为可以坐在那里安静查看手机信息，或者想聊天了，可以直呼吧台服务员名字和他聊天，故可知，他与服务员很熟悉，可以直呼对方名字，故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。本文通过一份调查结果显示美国人喜欢独自用餐的趋势，并总结了人们选择独自用餐的原因，故选A。
D
You’ve probably seen ads for apps promising to make you smarter in just a few minutes a day. Hundreds of so-called “brain training” programs can be bought for download.
These simple games are designed to challenge mental abilities, with the ultimate goal of improving the performance of important everyday tasks.
But can just clicking away at animations of swimming fish or flashed streets signs on your phone really help you improve the way your brain functions?
Two large groups of scientists and mental health practitioners published consensus statements, months apart in 2014, on the effectiveness of these kinds of brain games.
Both included people with years of research experience and expertise in cognition (认知), learning, skill acquisition, neuroscience and dementia (痴呆). Both groups carefully considered the same body of evidence available at the time.
However, they issued exactly opposite statements.
One concluded that “there is little evidence that playing brain games improves potential broad cognitive abilities, or that it enables one to better handle a complex condition of everyday life.”
The other argued that “a large and growing body of evidence shows that certain cognitive training methods can significantly improve cognitive function, including in ways that generalize to everyday life.”
Brain training programs are an attractive shortcut, a “get smart quick” scheme. But improving or maintaining cognition is likely not going to be quick and easy. Instead, it may require a lifetime — or at least an extended period – of cognitive challenge and learning.
If you’re worried about your cognition, what should you do?
First, if you do engage in brain games, and you enjoy them, please continue to play. But keep your expectations realistic. If you’re playing only to obtain cognitive benefits, instead consider other activities that might be as cognitively inspiring, or at least more rewarding — like learning a new language, for instance, or learning to play a musical instrument.
12. How did the scientists make their findings?
A. By collecting statistics from research.
B. By observing available evidence.
C. By recording cognitive changes.
D. By comparing the differences.
13. The second study could possibly lead to _____.
A. solutions to cognitive difficulty
B. promotion of puzzle games
C. new ways to improve cognitive function
D. further research into brain training
14. What does the author think of puzzle games?
A. It is completely illegal. B. It is of much practice.
C. It is hardly acceptable. D. It is of little value.
15. What could most probably be discussed in the following paragraph?
A. The examples of cognitive activities.
B. The tips on playing cognitive games.
C. The disadvantages of puzzle games.
D. The affection for puzzle games.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了两大组科学家和心理健康从业人员就这类益智游戏的有效性发表了截然相反的声明。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Both groups carefully considered the same body of evidence available at the time. (两组人都仔细考虑了当时可用的同一组证据)”可知，科学家们是通过观察现有的证据得出他们的发现的。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“a large and growing body of evidence shows that certain cognitive training methods can significantly improve cognitive function, including in ways that generalize to everyday life. (大量且越来越多的证据表明，某些认知训练方法可以显著改善认知功能，包括可以推广到日常生活的方式)”可知，第二项研究可能会导致益智游戏推广。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you’re playing only to obtain cognitive benefits, instead consider other activities that might be as cognitively inspiring, or at least more rewarding – like learning a new language, for instance, or learning to play a musical instrument. (如果你演奏乐器只是为了获得认知上的好处，那么你可以考虑其他可能同样能激发认知的活动，或者至少是更有意义的活动——比如学习一门新的语言，或者学习演奏一种乐器)”可推知，作者觉得益智游戏没有太大的价值。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you’re playing only to obtain cognitive benefits, instead consider other activities that might be as cognitively inspiring, or at least more rewarding – like learning a new language, for instance, or learning to play a musical instrument. (如果你演奏乐器只是为了获得认知上的好处，那么你可以考虑其他可能同样能激发认知的活动，或者至少是更有意义的活动——比如学习一门新的语言，或者学习演奏一种乐器)”可推知，作者接下来一段会举一些认知活动的例子。故选A项。
江苏省泰州市第二中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期初检测英语试题
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Nobel prize winners sometimes display as much uniqueness when deciding how to spend their prize money as they did on the work that won them the award in the first place.
When Sir Paul Nurse won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2001, he decided to upgrade his motorbike. A fellow winner in 1993, Richard Roberts, installed a croquet lawn in front of his house. Austrian author Elfriede Jelinek, who won in 2004, said the prize meant “financial independence”．
Lars Heikensten, executive director of the Nobel Foundation, said there were no obvious shopping trends among winners.
“I think it depends a lot on which country they come from, their personal finances... what kind of incomes they have, when they get the prize，” he said.
Real estate, however, is a popular option, at least among those willing to reveal what they spend the money on. Phillip Sharp, the American co­winner of the 1993 medicine prize, decided to splash out on a 100­year­old Federal style house. “I took that money and bought a little bit bigger house... It's a beautiful old place，” he told AFP(法新社), adding that “The money is a nice part of the process”， but “the important thing about the prize is the recognition”．
For winners of the peace prize the decision is often more clear­cut,_as the honour tends to go to politicians, organizations and activists who are under more public supervision. Many, like the US President Barack Obama in 2009 and the European Union in 2012, donate to charities.
Literature winners tend to be more private about how they use the money, but the choice is often equally straightforward. “Even if Nobel­winning authors are quite well known, many of them will not have made much money from writing，” said Anna Gunder, a Nobel literature expert at Uppsala University. While the prize might keep the wolf from the door for some years, giving them freedom to write, it can also briefly have the opposite effect. “It really changes their careers... During the first year after they've won, they often write less, but they generally continue after a year or two，” said Gunder.
21. From the passage, we learn that ________.
A. the money is actually the best part of the Nobel Prize
B. Nobel winners have great originality in using prize money
C. few winners would spend their prize money on houses
D. winners become more independent on their countries
22. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “clear­cut” in Paragraph 6?
A. Open. B. Private.
C. Unique. D. Complex.
23. According to the passage, in the first year after winning Noble Prize, literature winners may ________.
A. become less productive B. make more money from writing
C. have the freedom to create more and better works
D. disappear from the public eyes for a period of time
B
There was great excitement on the planet of Venus this week. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the planet Earth, and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs.
The satellite was directed into an area known as Manhattan. Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information about the feasibility of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth. A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology.
“We have come to the conclusion, based on last week's satellite landing，” Prof. Zog said, “that there is no life on Earth.”
“How do you know this？” the science reporter of the Venus Evening News asked.
“For one thing, Earth's surface in the area of Manhattan is composed of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air and survive.”
“Are there any other sources of danger that you have discovered in your studies？”
“Take a look at this photo. You see this dark black cloud staying over the surface of Earth? We don't know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble and we shall have to make further tests before we send a Venus Being there. Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink.”
“Sir, what are all those tiny black spots on the photographs？”
“We're not certain. They seem to be metal particles that move along certain paths. They give gases, make noise and keep crashing into each other.”
“Prof. Zog, why are we spending billions and billions of zilches to land a flying saucer on Earth when there is no life there？”
“Because if we Venusians can learn to breathe in the Earth atmosphere, then we can live anywhere.”
24. What does the underlined word “feasibility” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Possibility. B. Flexibility. C. Simplicity. D. Responsibility.
25. What tone did the author use when writing the text?
A. Serious. B. Aggressive. C. Humorous. D. Frustrating.
26. What problem on Earth did the author mention apart from air pollution?
A. Over population. B. Global warming.
C. Damaged forests. D. Heavy traffic.
27. Why did the author write the passage?
A. To tell us a dream of Venusian scientists.
B. To disclose the secret of life on other planets.
C. To persuade people to try living on Earth.
D. To remind people on Earth of some crises.
C
Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a fortress(堡垒), but fortresses are not designed with the comfort of a king or a queen in mind. When it comes to structures that are both majestic and well­defended, the classic European castle is the best example of design. Across the ages castles changed, developed, and eventually fell out of use, but they still command the fascination of our culture.
Castles were originally built in England by Norman invaders in 1066. As William the Conqueror advanced through England, he defended key positions to secure the land he had taken. The castles he built allowed the Norman lords to draw back to safety when threatened by English rebellion. Castles also served as bases of operation for offensive attacks. Troops were summoned to(召集), organized around, and deployed(部署) from castles. In this way castles served both offensive and defensive roles in military operations.
Not limited to military purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control over his kingdom. That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle. Those that were socially beneath the lord would come to report the affairs of the lands that they governed and pay tribute to the lord. They would address conflicts, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities. In this way castles served as important social centres in medieval England. Castles also served as symbols of power. Built on important and noticeable sites overlooking the surrounding areas, castles constantly appeared in the background of many peasants' lives and served as a daily reminder of the lords' strength.
Now, castles no longer serve their original purposes. However, the remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year from those who wish to experience the glory of a time long passed.
28. The author introduces the topic of the text by ________.
A. making an assumption B. giving an example
C. making comparisons D. giving arguments
29. Why did William the Conqueror build castles?
A. He wanted to celebrate his victory.
B. He wanted to remind people of his influence.
C. He wanted to live peacefully with the English.
D. He wanted to use them to his military advantage.
30. Which of the following is a way the lord would adopt to show his power?
A. Dealing with conflicts in his castle. B. Building his castle in an obvious place.
C. Carrying out social activities in his castle. D. Commanding peasants to live near his castle.
31. What attracts people to visit castles today?
A. The splendid history. B. The special architecture.
C. The tense atmosphere. D. The superior comfort.

D
Most people follow others blindly mainly under the effect of peer(同龄人) pressure. Some people also feel it safe to follow a large number of people. In some rare cases it might be right to follow the crowd(群众), but in most cases this can be one big mistake. Actually there are reasons why we shouldn't follow the crowd blindly.
According to a study, people tend to follow the crowd when they aren't sure about the direction they should take. This means a large number of people could be following others without understanding what's right and what's wrong！This attracts more people to follow the crowd and the result is that most people move in a certain direction even if it isn't right.
A man who wants to be successful always hopes for others' guidance and he usually follows the same path of most people, but the question this man never asks himself is：Are all of those people successful？Of course not！If you want to follow a crowd, then follow a successful one. However, in real life you'll only find one successful person among hundreds of people, and that's why following the crowd makes no sense at all.
Most people act without thinking wisely. If you always follow others because they're greater than you in number, then sooner or later you'll discover that you're making decisions you might regret later.
However, should we never follow the crowd？No. I'm not trying to say you should never follow the crowd, but instead I'm just asking you to think wisely before you make a decision. If you find others are right, there is no problem in following them, but if you have doubts about the direction they're moving in, don't follow them blindly.
32. According to the text, most people follow others blindly mainly because ________.
A. they are affected by their peers B. they don't believe in themselves
C. they feel it safe to stay with others D. they are weaker than other people
33. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. It needs some time to think wisely.
B. We shouldn't regret what we have done.
C. We should think wisely before deciding whether to follow others.
D. Making others follow us is better than following others.
34. Which of the following will the author agree with?
A. It is wrong to follow other people. B. Those who follow others won't succeed.
C. Only those foolish people will follow others. D. One should use his head before following others.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. Effects of following others. B. Benefits of making wise decisions.
C. Reasons why most people follow others. D. Reasons why people shouldn't follow others blindly.
阅读理解（2.5*15=37.5）
A:BAA B:ACDD C:CDBA D:ACDD
江苏省丹阳高级中学2020-2021学年下学期2月检测英语试卷
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Poets Weave is a weekly program of poetry reading hosted by local poet Dorsey. The following poets are especially for poetry-lovers.
Poet Lloyd Van Brunt. Brunt has written several volumes of poetry. His latest is Poems New and Selected 1962-1992. He’s currently working on his memoir, I fall in Love with Nancy Drew: Tales of Childhood.
Poet James Merrill. His memoir A Different Person detailed his two and a half years in Europe in 1950. Merrill wrote eleven books of poems, and was the winner of two National Book Awards, the Bollingen Prize for Poetry, and the Pulitzer Prize.
Poet and novelist Paul Monette. His book Borrowed Time: An Aids Memoir was the first such memoir to be published about AIDS, and won a National Book Award. In it, Monette told the story of his “beloved” friend and lover’s two-year struggling with AIDS. The book was called “a courageous love story”.
Poet Li-Young Lee. He’s written two volumes of poetry, Rose, and The City in Which I Love You. Lee’s won many awards for his work, including the Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship. He’s just completed a memoir about his family’s refugee experience in America, The Winged Seed.
For more information, please click here: https://www.npr.org/templates/story.
1. According to the passage, who won the Pulitzer Prize?
A. Lloyd Van Brunt.
B. Li-Young Lee.
C. Paul Monette.
D.James Merrill.
2. Which book refers to battle against a serious illness?
A. Different Person.
B. The Winged Seed.
C. Borrowed Time: An Aids Memoir.
D. I fall in Love with Nancy Drew: Tales of Childhood.
3. Where was this passage taken from?
A. Website. B. Newspaper. C. Booklet. D. Magazine.

B
I was never very neat，while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled everything. I always looked for everything. Over time，Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.
War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, "Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!" Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.
The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled under her covers，sobbing. Obviously，that was something she should not go through phone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.
Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn't notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, "Thanks."
Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn't always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.
4. How is Paragraph one mainly developed?
A. By analyzing causes.
B. By describing a process.
C. By showing differences.
D. By following time order.
5. What made Kate angry one evening?
A. She couldn't find her books.
B. She heard the author shouting loud.
C. She got the news that her grandma was ill.
D. She saw the author's shoes beneath her bed.
6. The author tidied up the room most probably because .
A. she wanted to show her care
B. she was asked by Kate to do so
C. she was scared by Kate's anger
D. she hated herself for being so messy
7. What might be the best title for the story?
A. My Best Friend Kate B. Hard Work Pays Off
C. How to Be Organized D. Learning to Be Roommates
C
One in every five young people has a sleep problem, so you're not alone. Getting enough sleep has become as important as eating vegetables and exercising regularly. It's very important for your body.
Most young people only get seven hours of sleep each night, when they actually need nine hours. And making up for lost sleep during the week by sleeping on weekends doesn't really work. In fact, sleeping late on weekends may actually do you more harm than good, if you have sleep problems.
What happens if you don't get enough sleep? If your sleep problem continues for a few nights, you could suffer serious problems. Lack of sleep can affect learning and memory. Worse，if your sleep difficulties last a long time，that could lead to anxiety. Therefore，you've got to have some healthy sleep habits. Below are some suggestions:
* Go to bed at the same time—including weekends, if possible.
* Wake up around the same time every morning. When you sleep late just one morning during the week, it may disturb your body clock. This will make it hard for you to sleep that night.
* Do something relaxing before going to bed.
* Exercise during the day. Don't exercise right before going to bed.
* Avoid drinking. Alcohol makes you excited. This prevents you from falling asleep or wakes you up during the night.
* Don't smoke. Smoking is always bad for the body. Smoking before bedtime keeps you awake.
If trying these tips over a couple of weeks does not help you, consult your doctor. Do not take any medicine without first asking your doctor. Many of them have strong side effects.
8. The passage suggests that people with sleep problems should .
A. eat vegetables and exercise regularly
B. make up for lost sleep on weekends
C. follow a fixed timetable for sleep
D. sleep seven hours every day
9. According to the suggestions, which of the following makes it easier for you to fall asleep?
A. Getting up earlier than usual in the morning.
B. Listening to soft music before going to bed.
C. Drinking alcohol before going to bed.
D. Doing exercise in the evening.
10. What should you do if these tips don't work on you over a period of time?
A. Just keep trying.
B. Turn to a doctor for help.
C. Try some medicines.
D. Wait for your sleeping problems to get better.
11. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A diary. B.A novel.
C. A travel guide. D. A magazine.
D
I love snakes. My mom definitely does not. When she was a kid, snakes used to hide in warm spots under the furniture. So she grew up afraid she'd step on a snake. I grew up hoping I'd see one outside! Lots of people who are afraid of snakes have never even seen one. So where does our fear come from?
Scientists wonder about this too. Their experiments with adults, kids, and even babies show that it's complicated. In tests with pictures, people picked out snakes faster than they could find flowers, frogs, and caterpillars. It wasn't just snakes, though. People also found spiders and angry faces faster than "safe" things like flowers. It seems like we find things that might be dangerous to us faster than things that aren't
People also learn to fear snakes faster than we learn to fear many other things. We take our hints from other people's scared voices and faces. Some scientists think we've evolved this way faster to see snakes and faster to learn to fear them. After all, if we had to be bitten by a snake to learn that it's dangerous, we might learn our lesson too late.
So why does it matter if we're afraid of snakes? It may not matter much to us, but it matters to snakes. People protect animals they like, not animals they fear. Snakes may not be as cute as dolphins, but they're just as important to the environment. Snakes eat insects that are pests to humans. Snakes are also food for other animals, so when we kill snakes, we're hurting other creatures too.
How do we get past our fears to give snakes a chance? Scientists did a study recently where students of your age went on a field trip, Guides helped them find and capture snakes in the forest. Everyone could safely touch and hold a snake. It turns out that snakes aren't so bad when you get to know them. Most people who were afraid of snakes before the field trip weren't afraid afterward. In fact, snakes even became some students' favorite animal. Hmm, maybe I should take my mom on the next field trip.
Remember: Always respect snakes, whether you're afraid of them or not.
12. According to Paragraph 3, people's fear comes from ____________.
A. school education B. scientific researches
C. self-experience D. others' influence
13. Which paragraph shows people the way to overcome their fear of snakes?
A. Paragraph 2. B. Paragraph 3. C. Paragraph 4. D. Paragraph 5.
14. Which of the following is Wrong?
A. In tests with pictures, people may pick out tigers faster than rabbits.
B. Snakes play an important role in the ecosystem.
C. Snakes are not so bad; therefore, everyone can safely catch snakes in the forest.
D. After the field trip, few people may still be afraid of snakes.
15. Which of the following will the author agree with?
A. Snakes are not dangerous at all.
B. People should make peace with snakes.
C. People's fear matters little to snakes.
D. Snakes are well protected by humans.

E
  I really love this saying, “ Love is endless and unlimited.” For me, there’s a story behind it. When I used to hand out chocolates with beautiful paper bags, my friends always told me , “You are wasting time and money. No one here believes in nameless gifts.” To be honest, I have noticed that people here do donate in temples. They give food to the poor, and provide clothes and other things for whoever is in need.
    I think maybe I am the one who starts to think of the dogs in our neighborhood. When I moved into this new community, I noticed that there were two street dogs. They were wounded and homeless, and everyone used to stay away from them and hit them when they came any closer. They were becoming thinner and thinner and they would did of hunger sooner or later.
    But my habit of loving dogs has changed all these things. I began to walk close to them and give them food regularly. When I touched their heads and gave love to them, I could see tears in their eyes. My friends noticed , and now even kids and elders in the community provide them with food and also love them. I am really glad to see that I saved their lives.
    What I started will lead to beautiful memories with them. They enjoy playing with me and they even have a particular pose when they see me. I see a sparkle in their eyes and a smile on their faces. They are priceless for me.
16.Why did the author’s friends discourage him to hand out chocolates?
A.Because people didn’t need gifts.
B.Because it cost too much money.
C.Because people didn’t trust strangers.
D.Because dogs could not eat chocolates.
17.What did people think of the dogs in the community at first?
A.lovely. B.Frightening. C.Exciting. D.Unpleasant.
18.How did people react to the author’s kindness to the dogs?
A.They laughed at him.
B.They praised him for that.
C.They began to care for the dogs.
D.They offered him food for the dogs.
19.How does the author sound when telling the story?
A.Pitiful. B.sad. C.Honest. D.Proud.
20. What is the theme of passage?
A. Love is endless and unlimited.
B. Love me, love my dog.
C.As a man sows and so he shall reap 
D. No pains, no gains.
1-5 DCACD 6-10 ADCBB 11-15DDDCB
16-20CDCDA
江苏省镇江市第一中学2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期初考试试题
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Math Holidays
Mole Day
Mole Day is celebrated annually on Oct. 23 from 6:02 am to 6:02 pm. It celebrates Avogadro’s Number (approximately 6.02´1023 ), which is a basic measuring unit in chemistry. The first Mole Day took place in 1991 and has been honored every year since. The concept of a celebratory day was created by Maurice Oehler, a retired high school chemistry teacher. It aims to develop interest in chemistry, encouraging schools around the globe to celebrate Mole Day with various activities related to chemistry.
Fibonacci Day
Nov. 23 marks Fibonacci Day, a special day that celebrates the man known as Leonardo Fibonacci who developed a mathematical concept called the Fibonacci Sequence (斐波那契数列), in which every number is the sum of the previous two numbers. So, for example, 11/23 marks the
day because 1+1 equals 2, and then 1+2 equals 3 (the date being the 23rd). It may be somewhat difficult to grasp, but the concept is not entirely theoretical.
Square Root Day
Square Root Day is a holiday that occurs when the month and day are square roots of the last two digits of the year: e.g. 2/2/2004 and 3/3/2009. The last Square Root Day was 4/4/2016 and the next one will be 5/5/2025. The holiday was created by a high school teacher Ron Gordon in Redwood City, California, who noticed that an upcoming date (9/9/1981) represented a square root.
Pi Day
The granddaddy of mathematical and scientific holidays, however, falls every year on Mar.
14. The date, 3/14, represents the first three numerals in the calculation of pi; so the date is known annually as Pi Day. Pi Day was founded in 1988 by physicist Larry Shaw working at the

Exploratorium in San Francisco. The event featured the eating of various pies, tossing pizza pie dough and parades and speeches.
21. Which holiday is linked to Avogadro’s Number?
A. Pi Day. B. Mole Day. C. Fibonacci Day. D. Square Root Day.
22. Which of the following dates is a Square Root Day?
A. Jun.6, 2036. B. Nov.23, 2021. C. Mar.14, 2030. D. Oct.23, 2020.
23. Who was the first man to celebrate Pi Day?
A. Leonardo Fibonacci. B. Ron Gordon. C. Maurice Oehler. D. Larry Shaw.
B
It may seem as if Mother's Day was invented by a company named Hallmark, but people have been taking time on the calendar to give a shout-out to Mom for a long time. The Greeks and Romans had mother goddess festivals — although their celebrations didn't involve the menfolk taking their underappreciated mothers out to dinner. A more recent tradition was Mothering Sunday, which developed in the British Isles during the 16th century. On the fourth Sunday in April, young men and women who were living and working apart from their families were advised to return to their mothers’ houses.
Mother's Day as it is observed in the United States started in the 1850s with Ann Jarvis, a West Virginia woman who held “Mothers' Work Days” to promote health and hygiene( 卫 生 ) at
home and in the workplace. During the Civil War, Jarvis organized women to improve sanitary conditions for soldiers on both sides, and after the war she became a peacemaker, furthering the cause by bringing together mothers of Union and Confederate soldiers and promoting a Mother's Day holiday.
Jarvis's work inspired another 19th-century woman, Julia Ward Howe. In 1870 Howe published her “Mother's Day Proclamation”, which envisioned(设想) the day not as appreciation of mothers by their children but as an opportunity for women to exercise their collective power for
peace. Howe started holding annual Mother's Day celebrations in Boston, her hometown, but after about a decade she stopped footing the bill and the tradition faded away.
It was Jarvis's daughter Anna who succeeded in getting Mother’s Day recognized as a national holiday. After her mother died, in May 1905, Anna started holding yearly ceremony on the anniversary and conducting a tireless PR campaign to have the day made a holiday. In 1908 she succeeded in enlisting the support of John Wanamaker, the Philadelphia department store magnate and advertising pioneer, and by 1912 West Virginia and a few other states had adopted Mother's Day. Two years later, President Woodrow Wilson signed a resolution declaring the second Sunday in May a national holiday.
It wasn't long, though, before whatever ideals the day was supposed to celebrate were buried under an amount of greeting cards and candy. By the 1920s Anna Jarvis was campaigning against the holiday she had been instrumental in creating. “I wanted it to be a day of emotionalism, not profit,” she said.
24. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that .
A. mothers didn't get enough appreciation in the past
B. Mother's Day was invented by Hallmark
C. young people all returned to their mothers' houses
D. Greeks and Romans were the first to celebrate Mother's Day
25. Who plays the most significant role in creating Mother's Day?
A. Ann Jarvis. B. Julia Ward Howe.
C. Woodrow Wilson. D. Anna Jarvis.

26. Why did Anna Jarvis go against celebrating Mother's Day in the 1920s?
A. Because it was extremely emotional.
B. Because the festival was not profitable.
C. Because the celebrations went against the original spirit.
D. Because the day was celebrated in the form of exchanging greeting cards and candy.
27. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. The Definition of Mother’s Day
B. The Argument on Celebrating Mother's Day
C. The Story Behind the Creation of Mother's Day
D. Different Forms of Celebration on Mother's Day
C
A vaccine (疫苗) that protects against one of the main common cold viruses has been shown to be safe and effective in a clinical trial and could be available by 2024.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) spreads so easily that more than 90 per cent of people have experienced their first infection (感染) by the age of 2. It usually causes cold-like symptoms but can lead to severe illness in young children and older people. All around the world, about 60,000
children under the age of 5 and 14,000 people over the age of 65 die each year after developing the virus.
Developing vaccines against RSV and other respiratory viruses has been difficult because the respiratory tract (呼吸道) is a surface exposed directly to the outside world, says Kirsten Spann at the Queensland University of Technology in Australia.
“It’s harder for antiviral antibodies (抗病毒抗体) in the blood to reach viruses in the
respiratory tract, or even know they are there, because there is some physical separation,” she says.
In recent years, however, there has been rapid progress in finding new ways to improve immunity against respiratory viruses.
Several RSV vaccines are being tested in clinical trials, including one made by German company Bavarian Nordic. Its vaccine is designed to build immunity against RSV by exposing the body to five small fragments（碎片）of the virus.
In a clinical trial involving 420 adults aged 55 and older, a single injection ( 注 射 ) of the
vaccine in the upper arm increased the levels of RSV-fighting antibodies inside the nose by three times and caused no serious side effects.
This immune response lasted for six months—enough to cover a winter cold season—and was restored with a booster shot at 12 months.
The results are promising, but more research is needed to see if the immune response is strong enough to prevent RSV infections, says Spann.
Bavarian Nordic is now planning a bigger clinical trial of its RSV vaccine that is scheduled to begin in 2021 and will involve more than 12,000 adults. If the results are positive, the company hopes to make the vaccine available by 2024. The firm plans to offer the vaccine to children too, but not until it has passed clinical trials involving people in this age range.
28. What do we know about RSV?
A. It is the deadliest cold virus. B. It is a newly discovered virus.
C. It claims thousands of lives every year. D. It mainly puts older adults’ lives at risk.
29. Which word can best describe the development of RSV vaccines?
A. Creative. B. Challenging. C. Interesting. D. Dangerous.
30. What was one feature of the RSV vaccine developed by Bavarian Nordic?

A. It had no human subjects.
B. The immune response lasted for 12 months.
C. It had no serious side effects.
D. The immune response could prevent RSV infections.
31. What does Bavarian Nordic plan to do in 2021?
A. Continue its clinical trial. B. Offer its RSV vaccines to children.
C. Put its RSV vaccines on the market. D. Follow the 420 adults in its early clinical trial.
D
Emily Bonfim Camargo. a 10-year-old girl, has cerebral palsy（大脑性瘫痪）.Because of her condition, her involuntary movements prevent her from freely holding objects with her hands or standing up. She's never been able to walk, but that doesn't mean she doesn’t have the same dreams and hopes as other children. In particular, she's always wanted to ride a bicycle.
“That was her dream, and I had to do something to help,” her grandfather, Clovis Urias dos Santos, a 69-year-old former construction worker said. First he tried to make his granddaughter dream come true by buying her a tricycle. Unfortunately, she was unable to hold the handlebars to guide the vehicle, and she couldn't keep her balance on the seat. Her grandfather, however, isn't a man who is easily discouraged.
In his home workshop, he started to think of how he could make a more stable tricycle for her. He started to take things apart and put the useful pieces back together. “ I fixed the pedals
（ 踏 板 ）with brakes, and I didn't put on handlebars,” he told Sempre Familia, a local news
medium.
This vehicle isn't just fun: it's also practical. Clovis added a basket behind the seat, so that Emily can carry her backpack for school, or some groceries, because she likes to go to the supermarket and bakery with him. Emily's special tricycle is also stylish. "After the tricycle was ready, I painted it pink and purple because Emily chose those colors. She was very happy, and I was even happier," Clovis said.
There's no cure for cerebral palsy, although there is medicine to decrease involuntary muscle movements. So what does the future hold for Emily? Only time will tell, but the support of her family will fill her future with hope.
32. What do we know about Emily from paragraph 1?
A. She can't afford a new bike. B. She has set up a home workshop.
C. She hasn't been able to walk since 10. D. She shares common dreams with others.
33. Which of the following word can best describe Clovis?
A. Courageous and calm. B. Determined and loving.
C. Cooperative and generous. D. Ambitious and professional.
34. How would Emily control the tricycle her grandfather made?
A. By pressing the brakes on the pedals. B. By keeping her balance on the seat.
C. By putting her hand on the brakes. D. By holding the handlebars.
35. What's the main idea of the text?
A. A family that is full of love.
B. A tricycle made of useful pieces.
C. A grandfather creates a unique tricycle for his granddaughter.
D. A girl’s birthday present from her grandfather.
第一节阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
21-23 BAD 24-27 ADCC 28-31 CBCA 32-35 DBAC
江苏省清江中学2020-2021学年高一下学期入学考试英语试卷
第一节 (共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
South Africa is the water-lovers' paradise. Whether you want to be by the sea, on the sea or even under it, there are countless ways to get your ocean experience. Almost all of them are located on South Africa's east coast, where the Indian Ocean keeps water warm.
Thompson's Bay, Ballito
Drive 40 minutes north of Durban to reach the unique coastal town of Ballito. Popular with holidaymakers, Ballito has a choice of pretty beaches—and the best for swimming is Thompson's Bay. This scenic cove （小海湾）is sheltered from the wind and characterized by its calm waters, interesting rocky outcrops and a fascinating geological hole-in-the-wall. There's a walled tidal pool for those who are nervous to swim in the open ocean, making this spot a particularly good choice for families.
Umhlanga Rocks, Durban
Located a 20-minute drive from central Durban, the resort town of Umhlanga is a proper getaway for people
with good incomes and visitors in the know(知内情的). The main Umhlanga Rocks beach boasts safe swimming waters and endless golden sands, again protected by lifeguards and shark nets. A paved walkway provides direct access to the town's beachfront shops, restaurants and bars.
Gonubie Beach, East London
The coastal town of Gonubie is seen by many as a suburb of East London, one of the largest cities of the Eastern Cape. Its picture-perfect beach offers great swimming areas in the open sea. The Gonubie River reaches the sea at this point, too, and offers another bathing spot on days when the surf in the sea is bigger than usual. All along the river's green banks, you'll find a series of shaded spots perfect for summer picnics and barbecues.
Kelly’s Beach, Port Alfred
Further south on the Sunshine Coast, the laid-back town of Port Alfred is home to Kelly’s Beach, which was awarded Blue Flag status for 2017-2018. A 400-meter stretch of pale brown sand, the beach and its waters are exceptionally clean. Two viewing decks come in handy during whale-watching season, or for admiring spectacular sunrises and sunsets.
1. If you are planning a family trip to South Africa, which beach suits you best?
A. Thompson's Bay, Ballito. B. Umhlanga Rocks, Durban.
C. Gonubie Beach. East London D. Kelly's Beach, Port Alfred.
2. What's special about Umhlanga Rocks in Durban?
A. It is free for children. B. Its target crowd is the rich.
C. It has a walled tidal pool. D. It has pale brown sand.
3. What could you do when meeting violent waves on Gonubie Beach?
A. Go swimming in the open sea. B. Go bathing at another bathing spot.
C. Go surfing in the open sea. D. Go camping by the riverside.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了南非东海岸的三个可以获得海洋体验的著名旅游景点的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由Thompson's Bay, Ballito中的making this spot a particularly good choice for families.可知，对于家庭来说，这是一个特别好的选择。所以如果你打算和家人一起去南非旅行，汤普森湾，贝利托海滩最适合你。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由Umhlanga Rocks, Durban中的the resort town of Umhlanga is a proper getaway for people with good income可知，旅游胜地乌姆兰加是有富人的好去处。 Umhlanga Rocks, Durban的特别之处在于它的目标人群是富人。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Gonubie Beach, East London中的The Gonubie River reaches the sea at this point, too, and offers another bathing spot on days when the surf in the sea is bigger than usual.可知，戈努比河也在这里入海，在海浪比平时大的日子里，提供了另一个海水浴的地方。所以当你在戈努比海滩遇到汹涌的海浪时，可以在另一个浴场进行海水浴。故选B项。
B
In 1971 a young man who grew up very poor was traveling across the country, trying to make a new start for himself. Along the way he had completely run out of money and was forced to spend the night in his car. This continued until one morning, after a week of sleeping in his car, he walked nervously into a restaurant and ordered a big breakfast.
After eating his first good meal in weeks, he found himself lying to the waiter, telling him he had lost his wallet. The waiter, who was also the owner, walked behind the chair where the young man had been sitting. He bent down, and came up with a $ 20 bill that looked as if it had fallen on the floor. “Sir, you must have dropped this, ” the owner said. The young man couldn't believe his luck! He quickly paid for the breakfast, left a tip, bought gas with the change, and headed West.
On the way out of town, he began to understand what that fellow did. “Maybe nobody dropped the money at all. Maybe that fellow just knew I was in trouble and he helped me in a way that didn't embarrass me. So I just made a promise to help other people if I can. ”
Later, he worked very hard and became a rich man. Now, he lives near Kansas City. Each year he gives away thousands of dollars. He is known as the “Secret Santa” because at Christmas time each year, he personally hands money out to those on the street and at restaurants. Last year, he gave more than $ 50,000 away in Kansas City.
4. The young man was traveling across the country in 1971 probably to _____ .
A. improve his life B. hand out gifts to passers-by
C. look for a good restaurant D. show his new car to others
5. On the way out of town, the young man got to know that ___.
A. it was very honest of the owner to return his money
B. he could probably find himself a job in the restaurant
C. the owner helped him in a way that didn't hurt his feelings
D. another man who had breakfast in the restaurant lost the money
6. From this text we can infer that ___.
A. the man raised money for the poor B. the man did carry out his promise
C. Santa gives the man money each year D. the man was not successful in the end
7. The best title for the text may be __.
A. Secret Santa of Kansas City B. The Key to Success
C. A kind Waiter in the Restaurant D. Never Give Up
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一个年轻人在得到别人帮助之后，若干年后成为了富人，回报社会的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段In 1971 a young man who grew up very poor was traveling across the country, trying to make a new start for himself.可知，1971年，一个出身贫寒的年轻人周游全国，试图给自己一个新的开始。由此推断出这个年轻人在1971年周游全国，是为了改善他的生活。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段Maybe nobody dropped the money at all. Maybe that fellow just knew I was in trouble and he helped me in a way that didn't embarrass me. (也许根本就没有人把钱掉在地上。也许那个人只是知道我有麻烦，他帮助我的方式并没有让我尴尬。)所以在出城的路上，年轻人知道了店主以不伤害他感情的方式帮助了他。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段Later, he worked very hard and became a rich man. Now, he lives near Kansas City. Each year he gives away thousands of dollars. He is known as the “Secret Santa” because at Christmas time each year, he personally hands money out to those on the street and at restaurants. Last year, he gave more than $ 50,000 away in Kansas City.可知，后来，他努力工作，成为一个富人。现在，他住在堪萨斯城附近。他每年捐出几千美元。他被称为“神秘圣诞老人”，因为在每年的圣诞节期间，他会亲自把钱分发给街上和餐馆里的人。去年，他在堪萨斯城捐出了5万多美元。由此判断出这个人确实履行了他的诺言。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文叙述了一个年轻人在得到别人帮助之后，若干年后成为了富人，回报社会的故事。再结合最后一段 Now, he lives near Kansas City. He is known as the “Secret Santa” because at Christmas time each year, he personally hands money out to those on the street and at restaurants.现在，他住在堪萨斯城附近。他被称为“神秘圣诞老人”，因为在每年的圣诞节期间，他会亲自把钱分发给街上和餐馆里的人。所以短文最佳的标题为“堪萨斯城的神密圣诞老人”。故选A项。
C
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It’s no secret that China has always been a source(来源) of inspiration for designers,” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚) shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today’s top Western designers being influenced by China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hill.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”
8. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors.
C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
9. What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A. They are setting the fashion. B. They start many fashion campaigns.
C. They admire super models. D. They do business all over the world.
10. What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning from B. looking down on C. working with D. competing against
11. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章论述了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚界的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.可知，此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中Hill所说的话“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.”(中国模特是向世界各地的女性推销梦想的美丽和时尚运动的面孔，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。)可知，Hill说中国女性正在引领新时尚，故选A。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文and beating them hands down in design and sales说在设计和销售上击败他们，由此推断出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在与Galliano、Albaz和 Mare Jacobs竞争。taking on意思是“竞争”，故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。本文通过Amanda Hill的评论，论述了中国文化、中国艺术、中国设计师等等在国际时尚中发挥着非常重要的作用。因此，“中国文化刺激着国际时尚的发展和潮流”最能概括文章大意。故选D。
D
Is It Worth Buying Organic Food? Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice more for goods with organic labels (商标). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they're no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.
The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. "We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier," says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. "So consumers shouldn't assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer."
For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats.
While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends.
Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn't always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that "whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste." Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.
12. The new research questions whether organic food __________.
A. should replace traditional food B. has been overpriced by farmers
C. is grown with less harmful chemicals D. is really more nutritious and healthier
13. Smith-Spangler and her colleagues found that __________.
A. organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease
B. traditional food was grown with more natural methods
C. both organic and traditional food they examined were safe
D. there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food
14. Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage?
A. Organic chicken and pork. B. Organic milk and chicken.
C. Traditional chicken and pork. D. Traditional fruit and vegetables.
15. What is the author’s attitude toward organic food?
A. Sceptical B. Neutral
C. Unconcerned D. Approving
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
本文为议论文。由人们花很多钱去购买有机食品入题，提出有机食品真的比传统食品更好吗？然后引用专家的调查结果证实有机食品并未比传统食品有更好的营养成分。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they're no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.可知，一项由斯坦福大学研究者们所做的研究表明，有机食物不一定更营养，它们在染上致病菌方面的可能性也不会小一些。可以看出，新研究是针对有机食物是否更营养和更健康方面提出质疑，故D正确。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards.可知，有机食品和传统食品一样，都符合食品安全标准，所以被检测的两种食物都是安全的。故C正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids,a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease可知，研究人员发现有机牛奶和有机鸡肉含有一类较高的脂肪酸，这种脂肪酸可以降低患心脏病的风险，是健康的。故B正确。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。作者在第一段提出人们不值得花过多的钱去买有机食品，以及最后一段引用USDA 美国农业部的观点“whether you buy organic food or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste(无论是否购买有机食品，找到最新鲜的食物才是对口感有最大的影响)”以及最后一句可看出作者是质疑的态度。故A正确。
江苏省如皋市2020-2021学年高一下学期期初调研测试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
“Funny”, a made-in-China emoji, seems to have recently moved beyond China. Now, it is more than an emoji, but a cultural expansion.
● Reaching Global Markets
A series of “funny” emoji-based bolsters (抱枕) have attracted the attention of Japanese customers. Even if one bolster is more than three times as expensive as in China, it doesn’t kill their desires to buy it. One Japanese customer Miki said, “They are just so cute and I bought three bolsters at one time for my family. And every time I see them, my mood just brightens suddenly.”
A Japanese netizen Kiro Kara said, “I think the emoji implies very complicated meanings. My dad will send it when he doesn’t agree with someone but he has to say something and behave politely.”
● Addition to Domestic Social Media
Compared with Japanese impressions of the “funny” emoji, Chinese netizens prefer to use emoji to tease one another on social media.
One commonly seen online comment is, “We strongly suggest stopping the usage of the emoji. Because every time other people send me the emoji, I feel very uncomfortable and consider myself as a fool.”
Regarded as the most popular emoji, the “funny” emoji has received much attention since its release in 2013. In fact, the “funny” emoji is the updated version of its original one; “funny” has a smiley mouth, two eyebrows and a naughty look. All these characteristics present users a sense of satire (讽刺).
● In Everyday Use Abroad
It's not the first time the Chinese emoji takes the world stage. Earlier this year, one emoji from the Chinese basketball celebrity Yao Ming has been spread through the Middle East region. In a city in southern Egypt, Yao’s smiling emoji has appeared frequently in local traffic signs to remind people the road ahead is one-way. Many locals do not know Yao Ming but are familiar with his emoji and nickname “Chinese Funny Face”.
As a new online language, emojis have become a necessary part of people’s daily life, helping people express their views in a more vivid and precise way. Also, it can help foreigners learn about Chinese culture. But how to properly use “the fifth innovation in China” without hurting others and turn them into commercial advantages still need answers.
1. Why do the bolsters attract Miki’s attention?
A. They are inexpensive.
B. They help reach an agreement
C. They help brighten the mood.
D. They are helpful to express desire.
2. According to the passage, which of following is the latest “funny” emoji?
A. B.
C. D.
3. The main purpose of the text is to .
A. promote the emoji worldwide
B. teach us how to use the emoji
C. explain the meaning of emoji
D. show us the popularity of the emoji
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。向我们介绍了中国表情符号风靡各国，传播中国文化。也提到了他的一些弊端，引发思考：如何适度使用。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“…And every time I see them, my mood just brightens suddenly.”（每次一看到他们心情情绪就好起来。）Miki 觉得这抱枕上的图案太可爱了，它们能够帮助提升心情。与C选项内容“They help brighten the mood.”，意义相符。故选C项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段““funny” has a smiley mouth, two eyebrows and a naughty look. ”（该表情有微笑的嘴型，两道眉毛，一调皮的眼神。）由此推断，A图符合文中的描述。故选A项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段首句““Funny”, a made-in-China emoji, seems to have recently moved beyond China.”（中国emoji表情包，走出中国，走向世界。）第二三段举例介绍中国emoji在日本受欢迎程度。第四至六段，介绍emoji符号在国内社交媒体的广泛使用。第七段说到今年年初姚明表情包已经在国外传开甚至到了中东地区。最后一段“As a new online language, emojis have become a necessary part of people’s daily life, helping people express their views in a more vivid and precise way.”（这种新兴网络语言符号已经成为人们日常生活必不可少的表达方式。）综上，D选项内容，符合文章大意，介绍emoji 的流行。故选D项。
B
Garbage often has negative associations with germs (细菌)，dirt and useless junk. However, a recent art exhibition proved that “useless” things can have practical significance.
Dear Pretty Rubbish, an art event organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWFN) and digital media art company Blackbow, was held in Beijing. It looked at wasteful consumption (消耗) and asked questions about the relationship between our lifestyles and our garbage.
“We hope that everyone who visited the show can think about how ‘useless things’ are produced, why they are tossed out (扔走), and whether ‘useless things’ are really useless,” said Cao Yujia, the design director of Blackbow.
The organizers said that all the raw materials for the exhibition were collected from community garbage cans.
Artists Zhou Yuxuan and Liu Yifan collected nylon cable ties (尼龙扎带), LED lights and beverage bottles from designers’ workshops to create a work where plastics, in the shape of cells, “grow” in a corner. There, the lights blink (闪烁) regularly to imitate (模仿) “breathing”. When people walk near it, the work responds by forming light patterns, as if communicating with the visitors.
Speaking about the work, Zhou said: “It’s like some kind of communication between humans and plastics.”
Plastic has a life longer than almost any creature, taking centuries to decompose. Though people blame plastics for damage to the environment, they are a big part of our daily lives.
“So we want to ask the question: Although the damage continues, whether there is a way for humans to reconcile (调和) with plastics,” said Zhou.
Liu said that plastic waste can be used to make clothes and ornaments (装饰品). “Re-use of plastics will be a future trend,” he said.
Cable ties are a useful and common material for fastening. Many people will buy a large bundle of them but only use a few pieces. The rest of cable ties could be re-used as a decoration in handicrafts.
“This exhibition calls for everyone to re-think their wasteful lifestyle full of single-use plastics and make changes” said Cao.
4. What was the purpose of Dear Pretty Rubbish?
A. To call on people to reduce waste.
B. To remind people to live healthily.
C. To encourage people to use more plastic.
D. To teach people how to recycle different kinds of garbage.
5. What does the underlined word “decompose” probably mean?
A. dry up B. break down
C. be discovered D. be broken
6. What did Zhou and Liu want to express with their work?
A. Communication is important for everyone.
B. A community’s garbage is full of hidden treasures.
C. Creativity can change your life.
D. Plastics could be reused to reduce pollution.
7. What does the article mainly talk about?
A. An art exhibition held in Beijing.
B. The rise of a new lifestyle.
C. The many uses of plastics.
D. An introduction of two artists and their works.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，最近在北京举行的一次艺术展览，展览的所有原材料都来自艺术家们在社区收集的垃圾和塑料废物；这次展览呼吁所有的人重新思考他们浪费的生活方式并做出改变。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段““We hope that everyone who visited the show can think about how ‘useless things’ are produced, why they are tossed out (扔走), and whether ‘useless things’ are really useless,” said Cao Yujia, the design director of Blackbow.”（Blackbow的设计总监曹玉佳说：“我们希望每一个参观过这个节目的人都能思考‘无用的东西’是怎么产生的，为什么会被扔掉，以及‘无用的东西’是否真的无用。”。）和最后一段““This exhibition calls for everyone to re-think their wasteful lifestyle full of single-use plastics and make changes,” said Cao.”（曹玉佳说：“这次展览呼吁大家重新思考一下自己的一次性塑料浪费的生活方式，并做出改变。”。），可知Dear Pretty Rubbish的目的是让人们思考‘无用的东西’是怎么产生的以及‘无用的东西’是否真的无用，思考自己的一次性塑料浪费的生活方式，做出改变以减少垃圾和浪费。故选A项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。由第七段中的“Plastic has a life longer than almost any creature, taking centuries to decompose.”（塑料的寿命比任何生物都长，需要几个世纪才能decompose。），可知塑料的寿命很长，会存在很久，所以需要几个世纪（很长时间）才能分解，decompose在此处意为“break down（分解）”。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由第五段中的“Artists Zhou Yuxuan and Liu Yifan collected nylon cable ties (尼龙扎带), LED lights and beverage bottles from designers’ workshops to create a work where plastics, in the shape of cells, “grow” in a corner.”（艺术家周宇轩和刘亦凡从设计师的工作室收集了尼龙扎带、LED灯和饮料瓶，创造了一个细胞形状的塑料在角落里“生长”的作品。），倒数第四段““So we want to ask the question: Although the damage continues, whether there is a way for humans to reconcile (调和) with plastics,” said Zhou.”（“所以我们想问一个问题：尽管破坏还在继续，人类是否有办法与塑料和解，” 周宇轩说。）和倒数第三段“Liu said that plastic waste can be used to make clothes and ornaments (装饰品). “Re-use of plastics will be a future trend,” he said.”（刘亦凡说，塑料废料可以用来做衣服和装饰品。“重复使用塑料将是未来的趋势，”他说。），可知艺术家周宇轩和刘亦凡的作品是由塑料制成的，这体现了人类与塑料的和解，而未来重复使用塑料将是趋势，通过这种重复使用塑料的方式，也能减少污染。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段“Garbage often has negative associations with germs (细菌)，dirt and useless junk. However, a recent art exhibition proved that “useless” things can have practical significance.”（垃圾通常与细菌、污垢和无用的垃圾有负面联系。然而，最近的一个艺术展览证明了“无用”的东西可以有实际意义。）和第二段“Dear Pretty Rubbish, an art event organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWFN) and digital media art company Blackbow, was held in Beijing. It looked at wasteful consumption (消耗) and asked questions about the relationship between our lifestyles and our garbage.”（由世界自然基金会和数码媒体艺术公司Blackbow联合举办的“亲爱的漂亮垃圾”艺术活动在北京举行。它研究了浪费性消费，并就我们的生活方式和垃圾之间的关系提出了问题。）以及后文对此展览的介绍，可知本文主要讲最近在北京举行的一次艺术展览，展览的都是由垃圾制作的作品，从而呼吁大家减少浪费，循环利用废品，A项“在北京举行的艺术展览”符合文意。故选A项。
C
Heart disease is one of the major killers in the world today. Many who suffer from it must have heart transplants (移植). However, it’s difficult to get a suitable heart donation, and even if a patient survives the wait, his or her body often rejects (排斥) the heart.
But there is now new hope for sufferers of heart disease. According to a study published in the journal Advanced Science, researchers from Israel’s Tel Aviv University printed a 3D human heart on April 15.
“This is the first time anyone anywhere has successfully engineered and printed an entire heart,” professor Tal Dvir told CNN.
Unlike the previous 3D-printed heart structure, the new heart is complete with cells, blood vessels (血管), chambers (心室) and other structures a heart needs to function normally. But scientists still have more to figure out before the 3D-printed heart can be fitted into the body. For one thing, the experimental heart is only the size of a thumb (拇指). And, although it can contract (收缩) like a muscle, it cannot pump out blood like a real one. At present, the heart prototype (样品) is like a tiny airplane that has all of the right parts, but can’t fly.
However, the development is still regarded as a major breakthrough in medicine.
In the experiment, the researchers turned human fat tissue (脂肪组织) into human heart tissue with stem cell (干细胞) technology. The tissue was then turned into “bio-ink” for a 3D printer to ensure that tissue in the heart came from the patients themselves. So ideally, if it were to be placed in the body of someone in need of a transplant, there would be less risk of organ rejection.
“Patients will no longer have to wait for transplants or take medications to prevent their rejection,” researchers told USA Today. “Instead, the needed heart will be printed, fully personalized (个性化的) for every patient.”
But the scientists think that 3D printing can be used to create other human organs. They foresee a time when the 3D printing of organs will be an everyday medical practice.
“Maybe, in 10 years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world and these procedures will be conducted routinely,” Dvir said.
8. Why is the 3D-printed heart important?
A. It will be used on a patient.
B. It is the first 3D-printed heart.
C. It will replace a heart donation.
D. It has a complete heart structure.
9. What problem do 3D-printed hearts have?
A. They cost too much. B. They are too small.
C They can’t contract. D. They are hard to produce.
10. Why would there be less risk of organ rejection with the 3D-printed heart?
A. It would be made with stem cell technology.
B. It would be made from human fat tissue.
C. It would come from a patient’s body.
D. It would be printed according to the patient’s condition.
11. What attitude does Tal Dvir hold toward the future of 3D printing of organs?
A. Confident. B. Doubtful.
C. Worried. D. Confused.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了3D打印心脏的发展、优点以及仍然存在的问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Unlike the previous 3D-printed heart structure, the new heart is complete with cells, blood vessels (血管), chambers (心室) and other structures a heart needs to function normally.”可知，与之前的3D打印心脏结构不同，新心脏由细胞、血管、腔室和心脏正常工作所需的其他结构组成，由此可知，新的3D打印心脏有一个完整的心脏结构，故D项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But scientists still have more to figure out before the 3D-printed heart can be fitted into the body. For one thing, the experimental heart is only the size of a thumb (拇指).”可知，但是，在3D打印的心脏能够植入人体之前，科学家们还有更多的工作要做。首先，实验心脏只有拇指那么大，由此可知，3D打印心脏的一个问题是它们太小了，故B项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中的“The tissue was then turned into “bio-ink” for a 3D printer to ensure that tissue in the heart came from the patients themselves. So ideally, if it were to be placed in the body of someone in need of a transplant, there would be less risk of organ rejection.”可知，3D打印心脏的组织来自患者自身，所以，理想情况下，如果把它放在需要移植的人的体内，器官排斥的风险就会降低，故C项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Maybe, in 10 years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world and these procedures will be conducted routinely,” Dvir said.”可知，德维尔说，也许在10年内，世界上最好的医院将会有器官打印机，这些程序将会成为常规操作，这表明德维尔对3D打印器官的未来是有信心的，故A项正确。
D
My love for libraries blossomed when I joined the public library.
From the age of 8, I was allowed to walk from my home to the downtown library, housed above the police station.
Once the librarian (图书管理员) gave me my first membership card, I could enjoy a range of books, which started with Little House in the Big Woods.
I was addicted instantly, and this love of libraries and reading would change my life, allowing me to one day create a safe space for high-school kids, too.
By the time I was in high school, I could read the authors that we were studying in class, including Charles Dickens, Mark Twain and Emily Bronte. During the summer months, I got caught up in Gone with the Wind and Anna Karenina.
When I studied English literature at university, I thought it was time to build my own library. For the next 40 years, I continued to collect books. Until one day, I realized that all my books had become a part of the house, like wallpaper.
Toward the end of my teaching career, I became a teacher-librarian at my old high school, where I had first learned English literature. This position resumed (恢复) my love and appreciation for libraries. I never forgot how wonderful it was to be surrounded by books.
I had a generous budget (预算) for my classes, so I searched for novels that would interest my teenage audience and hopefully spark (激发) a love of books. Fantasy, science-fiction, graphic novels – I bought almost any type of book that my students wanted to read.
I bought sofas and comfortable chairs, turning the library into an inclusive (包容的) public space, safe for everyone.
In doing so, I realized that the library isn’t just a place to do research. They are, in fact, places that offer an opportunity to engage with the past, present and future. All that is required is a tiny bit of curiosity. Libraries are places that should be full of life. They help us adjust to the world, and their doors must be kept open to everyone – for free!
12. What can we learn about the author during her school time?
A. She enjoyed literature very much.
B. She didn’t have money to buy books.
C. She didn’t get along well with her parents.
D. She usually stayed home during the summer holidays.
13. Which of the following can best describe the author after she became a librarian?
A. Gentle. B. Devoted. C. Humorous. D. Independent.
14. What does the author think of libraries?
A. They are places mainly used for research.
B. They help people to connect with the world.
C. They should be profitable.
D. They should be set up mainly in high schools.
15. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the article?
A. To tell readers how to make full use of libraries.
B. To tell readers what she learned from books.
C. To show her love for reading and libraries.
D. To show how much she missed being a teacher.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对图书馆和阅读的热爱并建立了自己的图书馆。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由第五段“By the time I was in high school, I could read the authors that we were studying in class, including Charles Dickens, Mark Twain and Emily Bronte. During the summer months, I got caught up in Gone with the Wind and Anna Karenina.(在我上高中的时候，我已经能读到我们在课堂上学习的作者，包括查尔斯·狄更斯、马克·吐温和艾米莉·勃朗特。在夏天的几个月里，我被《乱世佳人》和《安娜·卡列尼娜》迷住了)”和第六段中的“When I studied English literature at university, I thought it was time to build my own library.(当我在大学学习英国文学时，我认为是时候建立自己的图书馆了)”可知，作者高中时代就很喜欢与文学相关的东西，大学也学习文学，甚至还想为此建立自己的图书馆。由此推知，作者非常喜欢文学。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第三段中的“This position resumed (恢复) my love and appreciation for libraries.(这个职位恢复了我对图书馆的热爱和欣赏)”及“I had a generous budget (预算) for my classes, so I searched for novels that would interest my teenage audience and hopefully spark (激发) a love of books. Fantasy, science-fiction, graphic novels – I bought almost any type of book that my students wanted to read.(我的课程有一笔丰厚的预算，所以我寻找那些能引起青少年读者兴趣的小说，希望能激发他们对书的热爱。幻想小说、科幻小说、图画小说——我几乎买了我的学生想读的任何类型的书)”和倒数第二段“I bought sofas and comfortable chairs, turning the library into an inclusive (包容的) public space, safe for everyone.(我买了沙发和舒适的椅子，把图书馆变成了一个包容的公共空间，对每个人都安全)”可知，作者成为图书管理员后，恢复了自己对图书馆的热爱和欣赏，为了激发学生对书的热爱，寻找各种学生想读的任何类型的书，买沙发和舒适的椅子，把图书馆变成了一个包容的公共空间，费心费力，可谓是全身心投入其中。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中的“They help us adjust to the world, and their doors must be kept open to everyone — for free!(图书馆帮助我们适应这个世界，图书馆的大门必须向所有人敞开——免费！)”可推知，作者认为图书馆帮助人们适应这个世界，说明图书馆可用帮助人们联系世界。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。第一段讲“作者对图书馆的热爱何时开始”，第二到四段讲“作者如何对去图书馆上瘾”，第五段讲“作者喜欢文学”，第六段讲“作者想要建立自己的图书馆，并为此收集书籍”，第七到九段讲“作者成为图书管理员，精心布置图书馆”，最后一段讲“作者认为图书馆是有益的”，全文都在讲作者对阅读和图书馆的热爱。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为了表达自己对阅读和图书馆的热爱，C项“来表达她对阅读和图书馆的热爱”符合文意。故选C项。