江苏省2019-2020学年下学期高二英语期中解析版试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题

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阅读理解专题
江苏省徐州市2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题
三、阅读理解(共4篇，1.5小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。
A
A motorcyclist should generally follow the driving rules which apply to all motor vehicles. However, because of the nature of the vehicle, the following additional safety measures should apply to the operation of a motorcycle.
1. Because of in stability in case of sudden stops, following distances should be greater than for cars.
2. The proper position of the foot while the motorcycle is moving is resting on peg (脚蹬)and keeping foot straight.
3. Helmets must be worn for head protection in case of an accident.
4. Allow the engine to warm up before starting.
5. Drive slowly and use extreme caution on surfaces which are slippery because of ice, snow, sand, mud, etc. to guard against falling.
6. When operating a motorcycle at night you should travel near the center of the right-hand lane at reduced speed.
7. A passenger shall not be carried unless the vehicle is equipped with a seat designed to carry two persons.
8. Avoid going between the cars. A passenger may suddenly open the door to leave the car.
9. Drive in traffic only after developing skill in the control of the motorcycle away from traffic.
10. A screen must be used or eye glasses worn to protect the eyes.
41. From the contents and the writing style, we can infer it is a(an) ______.
A. note B. instruction C. notice D. advertisement
42. When we operate a motorcycle, we should______.
A. do some warm-up exercises first.
B. wear helmets just in case.
C. avoid driving in traffic.
D. never carry a passenger..
43. Which of the following can best summarize this passage?
A. Good Driving Habits B. Enjoy Driving Motorcycles
C. Functions of Motorcycles D. Avoid Using Motorcycles
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. A
【解析】
本文是说明文。摩托车手一般应遵守适用于所有机动车辆的驾驶规则。然而，由于车辆的性质，文章说明了一些摩托车操作应该遵守的额外的安全措施。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的the following additional safety measures should apply to the operation of a motorcycle.(下列附加的安全措施应适用于摩托车的操作。)和下文的1到10条注意事项可推断，本文是一项说明，既不是便条，也不是通知和广告。故选B。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据3. Helmets must be worn for head protection in case of an accident.
可知，必须带头盔保护头部以防事故。故选B。
【43题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段However, because of the nature of the vehicle, the following additional safety measures should apply to the operation of a motorcycle.但是，由于摩托车的性质，驾驶摩托车应采取下列附加安全措施以及通读1到10条额外的驾驶摩托车需要注意的安全事项可知，骑摩托车时要养成良好的驾驶习惯，注意防护，小心驾驶，注意车速车距，避免事故发生。所以A选项“良好的驾驶习惯”最能概括这篇文章。故选A。
B
One of the most successful, influential and beloved women in American history, Eleanor Roosevelt once said that she had one regret: she wished she had been prettier. Who hasn’t felt the same way? We are all too aware of our physical imperfections. To overcome them, we spend billions upon billions every year. Why do we care so much about how we look? Because it matters. Because beauty is powerful. Because even we learn to value people mostly for being kind and wise and funny, we are still moved by beauty.
Aristotle said, “Beauty is a greater recommendation than any letter of introduction”. It’s not fair, but it’s true. We simply treat beautiful people better than we do others. Attach a photograph of a beautiful author to an essay, and people will think that it is more creative and more intelligently written than exactly the same essay accompanied by the photo of a homely author. As children, beautiful people are more likely to become favorites with parents and teachers. Later, they are more likely to get good jobs. Attractive people in need are more likely to receive help from strangers.
These days, women and men both rely on advanced technology to improve their beauty. Wrinkles can be stretched away with a face lift. Special injections can make lips look young and plump (丰满的). Besides being a sign of youth, good skin also means that the person is likely to be healthy. Still, it is possible to go too far. At the end of the 19th century, some women even had their ribs (肋骨) removed so they’d have that perfect narrow waist.
Our sensitivity to physical beauty is not something we can control at will. We are born with it. Experiments showed that even small infants prefer to look at attractive faces. Before they have met a single supermodel, before they have watched a single TV show, before they have opened up a single fashion magazine, they are drawn to the same faces which adults have judged to be attractive.
There are more important things in life than beauty. But as Nancy Etcoff says, “We have to understand beauty, or we will always be enslaved by it.” If you aim to be wise and kind and funny, it doesn’t mean that you can't also try your best to look beautiful. There’s no reason to feel guilty about being moved by beauty’s power. It moves us all.
44. Which of the following proverbs has the opposite meaning of Aristotle’s sentence in Paragraph 2?
A. Never judge a book by its cover. B. Act on second thoughts.
C. Leave your luck while winning. D. Great minds think alike.
45. The underlined word “homely” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by ____.
A. attractive B. plain C. beautiful D. handsome
46. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A. People are all slaves to beauty.
B. Beauty can ensure good jobs.
C. Advanced technology helps improve beauty.
D. People value beauty over other virtues.
47. What’s the best title of this passage?
A. The Power of Beauty B. Huge Costs of Beauty
C. Bad Effects of Beauty D. Various Ways to Beauty
【答案】44. A 45. B 46. C 47. A
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章讲述了美丽可以给人带来很多好处，例如：漂亮的人更有可能成为父母和老师的最爱、更有可能找到好工作、更有可能从陌生人那里得到帮助。但生活中有比美更重要的东西，被美的力量感动，并不需要有罪恶感，因为所有的人都受它感动。
【44题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Beauty is a greater recommendation than any letter of introduction.”可知，亚里士多德说：“美是比任何介绍信都要有用的推荐函”。A.不要以貌取人；B.三思而后行；C.了解事物成熟的时机，并善加利用；D.英雄所见略同。因此A项与亚里士多德所说的相反。故选A。
【45题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“We simply treat beautiful people better than we do others.”可知，我们就是会对美丽的人比较好。划线词所在的句子是在为这个观点举例子，划线词所在句子中的than表示二者的比较，其中的一个是 a beautiful author(漂亮的作者)，则另一个是长相一般的作者。A. attractive吸引人的；B. plain平常的，朴素的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. handsome帅气的。故选B。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These days, women and men both rely on advanced technology to improve their beauty.”可知，如今，男人和女人都依靠先进的技术来改善自己的美丽。即C项（高科技有助于改善美丽）正确。故选C。
【47题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了美丽可以给人带来很多好处，例如：漂亮的人更有可能成为父母和老师的最爱、更有可能找到好工作、更有可能从陌生人那里得到帮助。但生活中有比美更重要的东西，被美的力量感动，并不需要有罪恶感，因为所有的人都受它感动。因此A项The Power of Beauty(美丽的力量)符合文章内容，可以作为标题。故选A。
C
It was April 14, 2016. It was the first full day of Kobe Bryant’s new chapter as a retired NBA player. All he had done the night before was score 60 points in his farewell game, not getting out of Staples Center until around midnight.
His staff at Kobe, Inc. were certain they would beat their boss to the office that morning. They were wrong. He beat everyone there by two hours. “We have a lot of work to do,” Bryant told them. Even in retirement, Bryant found no substitute for hard work. Kobe Bean Bryant was many things: one of the greatest players in basketball history, a five-time NBA champion, Olympic gold medalist, a fluent speaker of multiple languages, a resident of the world, an Oscar winner, the self-described Black Mamba that started as a nickname and became his brand, someone so good he had two numbers retired by the Los Angeles Lakers.
Tears, as would be expected once the news broke of Bryant’s death in a helicopter crash in Southern California on Sunday, flowed freely in the NBA world. The best ones, the ones like James and Leonard and lonescu and Neymar, were all like Bryant. Driven. Obsessed with their skill. Those are the sort of people Bryant enjoyed most. He didn't have much patience for any thing else.
His toughness was legendary (享有盛名的). Bryant hurt his knees on a play in 2013 but he played through the game because the game was so important in the playoff race. “We were down two. Had to tie the game first.” Bryant said years later, when asked why he stayed in the game.
His commitment (敬业) was legendary. There was a game in 2011 in Miami where the Lakers lost by six, and Bryant was so displeased with his performance that he went back to the court for 90 minutes of uninterrupted shooting that went on until after midnight. His teammates were on Miami Beach for dinner. Bryant was working instead. “It’s my job,” Bryant said.
He was as driven in his storytelling life as he was in his playing days. Kobe, Inc. wasn’t just a cool name. It was his world. He wanted to inspire kids through books that combined the worlds of sports and story. He was considering the idea of taking his stories to Broadway. He won an Oscar for “Dear Basketball,” a short film in 2018 that had been converted from a poem that he penned when he decided it was time to retire from playing the game.
He wasn’t joking when talking to his staff on April 14, 2016. Kobe Bryant still had a lot of work to do. The tribute (悼念) will continue, though at last fade away. The influence will be forever.
48. The underlined word “converted” in paragraph 6 can be replaced by_____.
A. adapted B. adopted C. accepted D. achieved
49. Why did Kobe Bryant have two numbers retired by the Los Angeles Lakers?
A. It was the common practice to do so in NBA.
B. It was the reward for his excellent performance.
C. The numbers once used are not accepted by others.
D. The numbers are forever in memory of his death.
50. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Kobe’s spirits will be long-lasting after his death.
B. Kobe never goes out dining with his teammates.
C. Kobe got the nickname Black Mamba from his fans.
D. Kobe had a good relax after his farewell game.
51. Suppose this passage is from a magazine, which column do you think it belongs to?
A. Current Affairs. B. Global Personage. C. Financial window. D. Culture Online.
【答案】48. A 49. B 50. A 51. B
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章讲述了篮球巨星科比·布莱恩特的事迹，介绍了科比取得的成就，做出的贡献等，深深的悼念对科比的去世，科比精神将长久存在。
【48题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文a short film in 2018 that had been converted from a poem that he penned when he decided it was time to retire from playing the game(一部2018年的短片，从他写的一首诗中convert而来，是他决定退休时，写下的一首诗)可推断，短片是由诗歌改编的，与adapt意义相同，故选A。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据上文Kobe Bean Bryant was many things: one of the greatest players in basketball history, a five-time NBA champion, Olympic gold medalist, a fluent speaker of multiple languages, a resident of the world, an Oscar winner, the self-described Black Mamba that started as a nickname and became his brand(科比·布莱恩特是篮球史上最伟大的球员之一，五次获得NBA冠军，奥运会金牌得主，一位流利的多种语言演讲者，一位世界居民，奥斯卡获奖者，自称为黑曼巴，开始作为一个昵称，成为他的品牌)可推断，他是如此优秀以至于他有两个号码被洛杉矶湖人队退役，这是对他优秀表现的奖励。故选B。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一句The tribute (悼念) will continue, though at last fade away. The influence will be forever.(悼念继续，尽管最终会消失，但是影响将是永远)可推断，科比精神在他死后将长久存在。故选A。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述有关篮球巨星科比的事情，因此推断，文章如果来自杂志，应该出现在环球人物上，不可能是今日时事，经济之窗或者在线文化。故选B。
D
I first visited China in 1979, a few months after our countries normalized relations. China was just beginning to remake its economy, and I was in the first Senate Delegation (参议院代表团)to witness it. Traveling through the country last month, I could see how much China had changed in 32 years.
Then , as now there were concerns about what a growing China meant to America and the world. Some here see China's growth as a threat. Some Chinese worry our aim in the Asia-Pacific is to contain China's rise. I don't agree to these views. We are clear about concern like China's growing military abilities. That is why we are working with the Chinese military to understand and shape their thinking. It is why the president has directed the United States to keep a strong position in the area. I am sure that a successful China can make our country more prosperous(繁荣的),not less. We share common challenges and responsibilities. The Chinese leaders I met with know their country must shift from an economy driven by exports, investment and heavy industry to one driven more by consumption and services. As Americans save more and Chinese buy more, this change will speed up, opening opportunities for us. Even as the United States and China cooperate, we also compete. I strongly believe that the United States can and will benefit from this competition.
Maybe more important, the nature of 21st century competition favors the United States. In the 20th century, we measured a nation's wealth mainly by its natural resources, its land mass, its population and its army. In the 21st century, the true wealth of a nation is found in the creative minds of its people and their ability to innovate (创新).As I told students in Chengdu, the United States is born for innovation. Competition is the base of our society. We owe our strength to our political and economic system and to the way we educate our children. We not only tolerate but celebrate free expression and debate. Our universities remain attractive to the world's students and scholars.
Fundamental rights are universal. Liberty unlocks a people's full potential , while its absence causes unrest. Open and free societies are best at promoting long-term growth. We have our own work to do. We need to ensure that any American willing to work can find a good job. We need to keep attracting the world's top talent. I've traveled half a million miles around the world. I always come home feeling the same confidence in our future . Some may warn of America's failure, but I'm not among them. And let me reassure you : based on my time in China, neither are the Chinese.
52. In the author's eyes, .
A. the growing China has become a threat to America.
B. there's only competition between China and America.
C. Chinese universities have surpassed American ones.
D. a bright future is waiting for both China and America.
53. After reading the passage, we can infer this passage is a (an)____.
A. speech B. notice C. announcement D. script
54. The author's opinion of the cooperation between China and America is____.
A. critical B. optimistic C. pessimistic D. indifferent
55. According to the passage, the author may be a (an) .
A. senior official of America B. businessman of China
C. senior official of China D. actor of America
【答案】52. D 53. A 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要在讲述中国和美国之间是合作竞争关系，美国受益于这种关系，美国的创新精神和自由权利让作者对美国的未来充满信心。一个光明的未来正等待着中国和美国。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段的“ I am sure that a successful China can make our country more prosperous(繁荣的),not less. We share common challenges and responsibilities.As Americans save more and Chinese buy more, this change will speed up, opening opportunities for us.”可知，我仍然坚信，中国的成功可促进我国的繁荣，不会削弱我国的繁荣。我们有共同的挑战和责任。随着美国人增加储蓄，中国人扩大消费，这一转型将加速进行，从而为我们创造机会。由此判断出，在作者看来，一个光明的未来正等待着中国和美国。D选项正确。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要在讲述中国和美国之间是合作竞争关系，美国受益于这种关系，美国的创新精神和自由权利让作者对美国的未来充满信心。一个光明的未来正等待着中国和美国。由最后一段最后一句“And let me reassure you : based on my time in China, neither are the Chinese.”可知，我可以向你们保证：根据我在中国的经历，中国人也不认为如此。可知，这篇文章作者是在发表言论去说服民众。由此判断出短文是一篇演讲。故A选项正确。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“As Americans save more and Chinese buy more, this change will speed up, opening opportunities for us.”和最后一段“I always come home feeling the same confidence in our future .”可知，随着美国人增加储蓄，中国人扩大消费，这一转型将加速进行，从而为我们创造机会。每次回国，我都感到对我们的未来同样充满信心。由此可判断出，作者对中国和美国之间的合作关系是持积极乐观态度。结合选项可知，B选项正确。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段第二句“China was just beginning to remake its economy, and I was in the first Senate Delegation (参议院代表团)to witness it.”可知，中国刚刚开始重建经济，我作为第一个参议院访华代表团的成员见证了这个演变的阶段。由此可测，作者是一名美国高级官员。故A选项正确。
【点睛】推理判断题的核心：在文中能找到依据去推断选项的成立，选项和文中信息之间的关系绝对不是简单的重复，或者脱离文中信息，而是文中信息深一层暗含的意义。所以解答推理判断题，最好以文中信息表达的意思为基础，去分析对比选项和文中信息之间的相关性。如本小题4，由第一段第二句“China was just beginning to remake its economy, and I was in the first Senate Delegation (参议院代表团)to witness it.”可知，该句表达的意思是中国刚刚开始重建经济，我作为第一个参议院访华代表团的成员见证了这个演变的阶段。分析该句可知，“我在第一个参议院代表团”这个信息是在描述作者的身份。对比选项，选项A表达的是美国高级官员， “高级官员”是“参议院代表团”的成员，“高级官员”和“参议院代表团”相关，故选A。
江苏省盐城中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题
第一节（共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Deciding to get her money’s worth out of the wedding dress on which she spent over $1,000, an Australian woman has been wearing her wedding dress, a year after her wedding.
43-year-old Tammy Hall adopted a new lifestyle—anti-consumerism (反消费主义) lifestyle in 2016, after a trip to India opened her eyes to how much we as a society consumed. She decided not to buy any new clothes or footwear for a whole year after she returned home to Adelaide, in Southern Australia, and she managed to make it.
But last year, as her wedding day approached, she faced a dilemma. She wanted to look good on the most important day of her life, but how could she spend a small fortune on the wedding dress she would only wear on that day?
“In the end I decided that if I was going to get a wedding dress, I’d make sure I could get my money’s worth,” Hall tells PA Real Life.
“The first time I wore it after the wedding was to vote in the Australian election in early 2019,” the 43-year-old adds. “Since then, it’s been to all sorts of places. Wearing it on a crowded train was especially funny, but I’ve worn it to do housework, to football games and to the gym.”
Hall says that she has got some strange looks from people, but no irritating comments. It may have something to do with the fact that the dress is not the fanciest, but she believes people are just too reserved to say anything. Anyway, she doesn’t really care, because she knows she has to hit the goal she has set and wearing the dress multiple times is the most reasonable way she could think of to make the most of her wedding dress.
Hall now plans to wear her wedding dress on a trip to Iceland that she and her partner will take nest summer.
41. Why did Tammy Hall adopt a new lifestyle?
A. To adapt herself to Indian life. B. To save money for her next trip.
C. To cut down her consumption. D. To get prepared for her wedding.
42. What did Tammy Hall do to get her money’s worth out of her wedding dress?
A. She brought fun to people with it B. She wore it repeatedly in daily life.
C. She tried to wear it to earn money. D. She got it exchanged again and again
43. What can we infer about Tammy Hall?
A. She has been struggling to make ends meet.
B. She has influenced people’s lifestyle widely.
C. She values her wedding dress less than her trips.
D. She is determined to turn her ideas into practice.
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了43岁的Tammy Hall在2016年接受了一种新的生活方式，并为了让自己花了1000多美元买的婚纱物有所值，她决定在日常生活中穿上自己的婚纱。她并不真的在乎别人的看法。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中43-year-old Tammy Hall adopted a new lifestyle—anti-consumerism (反消费主义) lifestyle in 2016, after a trip to India opened her eyes to how much we as a society consumed. 43岁的Tammy Hall在2016年接受了一种新的生活方式——反消费主义的生活方式，之前的一次印度之旅让她看清了我们这个社会的消费是多么的多。可知，Tammy Hall选择一种新的生活方式是为了减少她的消费。故选C项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Since then, it’s been to all sorts of places. Wearing it on a crowded train was especially funny, but I’ve worn it to do housework, to football games and to the gym.” “从那以后，它去了很多地方。在拥挤的火车上穿着它特别有趣，但我也曾穿着它做家务、踢足球和去健身房。”可知，为了让她的钱从婚纱中物有所值，Tammy Hall在日常生活中反复穿着她的婚纱。故选B项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Anyway, she doesn’t really care, because she knows she has to hit the goal she has set and wearing the dress multiple times is the most reasonable way she could think of to make the most of her wedding dress. 无论如何，她并不真的在乎，因为她知道她必须要达到她设定的目标，穿几次婚纱是她能想到的最合理的方式来充分利用她的婚纱。可知，Tammy Hall有决心把她自己的想法付诸实践。故选D项。
B
Sleepiness and boredom lead to yawning (打哈欠), so it has long been believed that the action makes us feel more awake by stretching the muscles surrounding the lungs, or by bringing more oxygen to the blood and the brain. Yet in tests, breathing air with high levels of carbon dioxide or even pure oxygen made no difference to the frequency of yawns.
Another theory, proposed by the French physician Olivier, is that yawning improves the circulation of the fluid (液体) that surrounds the brain. As a result, we can focus better on a task. This might explain why athletes often yawn naturally before they compete.
Recently, though, a new explanation has appeared: Yawning is a way to cool the brain. Experiments led by Gordon Gallup at the University at Albany showed that people yawned far less when their head was cooled by a cold pack compared with holding a heated pack to their forehead The temperature of the brain rises when we are tired, so it is possible that yawning is a way to protect the brain from overheating due to tiredness.
But a strange thing is that when we see another person yawn, we catch it too. In other words, yawning is contagious.
How can we make sense of these different types of yawning? It’s possible that contagious yawning is something different, and might have a social purpose. Steven Palek and his colleagues at the University at Albany say that contagious yawning may be linked to our ability to understand what others want to do. If you are good at reading others’ facial expressions you are more likely to “catch” a yawn. Therefore, lonely people tend to be less affected by yawing, according to research by Atsushi Senju, now at Birkbeck, University of London.
So the simple act of yawning tursout to be surprisingly complex Has this research made you yawn yet?
44. Based on the theory of Olivier, yawning ________.
A. is caused by lack of sleep
B. contributes to concentration
C. is a way to bring more oxygen to the blood
D. increases the circulation of the fluid in lungs
45. The underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. Infectious B. Influential
C. Attractive D. Comfortable
46. How is the passage mainly developed?
A. By making comparisons.
B. By listing different figures.
C. By providing explanations.
D. By telling personal experiences.
【答案】44. B 45. A 46. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，从不同的角度解释了打哈欠的现象。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Another theory, proposed by the French physician Olivier, is that yawning improves the circulation of the fluid (液体) that surrounds the brain. As a result, we can focus better on a task.”可知，法国医生奥利维尔提出的理论是，打哈欠可以改善大脑周围的血液循环，因此，我们可以更好地专注于一项任务，也就是说打哈欠有助于集中注意力，故B项正确。
【45题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“when we see another person yawn, we catch it too”可知，当我们看到另一个人打哈欠时，我们也会跟着打哈欠，这说明打哈欠会传染，由此可知画线词词义为“传染的”.A. Infectious 传染的；B. Influential有影响力的；C. Attractive吸引人的；D.Comfortable 舒服的。故A项正确。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“it has long been believed that the action makes us feel more awake by stretching the muscles surrounding the lungs, or by bringing more oxygen to the blood and the brain.”，第二段中的“Another theory, proposed by the French physician Olivier, is that yawning improves the circulation of the fluid (液体) that surrounds the brain. As a result, we can focus better on a task.”，第三段中的“Yawning is a way to cool the brain.”及第四段中的“In other words, yawning iscontagious.”可知，本文分别从四个角度解释了打哈欠的现象，即：打哈欠让我们保持清醒、打哈欠让我们更专注、打哈欠可以给大脑降温、打哈欠会传染，因此，文章是通过提供解释来行文的，故C项正确。
C
When a laptop or smartphone battery starts losing its power, the only options are to buy an expensive replacement or just keep it plugged in all the time. But a woman Mya Le Thai may have found the solution to this problem.
Thai was frustrated that the batteries for her wireless devices degraded (退化) over time, until they failed to charge fully. She did not like having to keep her laptop connected to an electrical outlet to keep it powered on. So, she decided to do something about that problem. At first, she and her team at UC Irvine thought about inventing a new battery. But as they experimented, Thai discovered something that might permit lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries to last forever.
Lithium-ion batteries power most wireless devices. Over time, the batteries lose the ability to hold a charge. Most of these batteries have a lifespan of about 7,000 charging cycles before they die. One of the reasons lithium-ion batteries degrade is their use of nanowires to carry electricity. Nano wires are extremely thin. A human hair is thousands of times thicker, for example. Nano wires are extremely efficient carriers of electricity, which makes them useful in batteries.
But, Thai had a theory — the nanowires might last longer if covered with a gel (凝胶). She and her team tested this theory. “It was a long process and a lot of work,” Thai said. The team tried many coverings for the wires. PMMA, a type of plastic, was one of them. The nanowires were coated with PMMA and cycled through charging 200,000 times. The PMMA-coated nanowires showed no evidence of damage. The results suggest that batteries could last forever without losing charging ability.
Thai hopes to continue her research to understand why this gel works so well and to see if any other gel could create better results and she is enjoying the publicity about her discovery. She said she never expected her research to get media coverage. “It’s kind of cool,” she said. “I’m really glad people are showing interest in my work and not just in the work itself; but also in technology and energy.”
47. Why did Mya Le Thai work on lithium-ion batteries?
A She disliked the batteries for her laptop.
B. Her team were ordered to invent a new battery.
C. Many people thought batteries were too expensive.
D. The batteries would soon fail to get fully charged.
48. What can we infer about nanowires?
A. They are too weak to carry electricity.
B. They are not suitable to use in batteries.
C. They Iasi exactly 7,000 charging cycles.
D. Their thinness is a cause of batteries degrading.
49. What was Thai and her team’s breakthrough?
A. Coating nanowires in a gel. B. A new kind of battery.
C. New materials for batteries. D. A new way of charging batteries.
50. What may be the best title for the passage?
A. Mya Le Thai discovered nanowires B. A woman invents a lasting battery
C. The options of batteries for wireless devices D. The reasons for batteries degrading
【答案】47. D 48. D 49. A 50. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mya Le Thai女士因为不喜欢自己电池退化的电子设备一直连着电源，所以和自己的团队经过努力研发了一种用PMMA凝胶包裹的纳米线，这样，利用纳米线传输电力的电池的使用寿命被延长了很多。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的Thai was frustrated that the batteries for her wireless devices degraded (退化) over time, until they failed to charge fully. She did not like having to keep her laptop connected to an electrical outlet to keep it powered on. So, she decided to do something about that problem. (Tai很沮丧，随着时间的推移她的无线设备的电池退化，直到它们不能完全充电。她不喜欢把笔记本连接到电源插座上充电。所以，她决定做点什么来解决这个问题)可知，因为无线设备的电池不能完全充电，所以Tai开始研究锂离子电池。D. The batteries would soon fail to get fully charged.(电池很快就不能完全充电)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的Most of these batteries have a lifespan of about 7,000 charging cycles before they die. One of the reasons lithium-ion batteries degrade is their use of nanowires to carry electricity. Nano wires are extremely thin. (大多数电池在不能使用前可以充电7000多次。锂离子电池退化的原因之一是用纳米线来传输电力。纳米线非常细)可推测，由于纳米线非常细，导致锂离子电池的使用寿命不长。D. Their thinness is a cause of batteries degrading.(它们很细是电池退化的一个原因)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的The team tried many coverings for the wires. PMMA, a type of plastic, was one of them. The nanowires were coated with PMMA and cycled through charging 200,000 times. The PMMA-coated nanowires showed no evidence of damage. The results suggest that batteries could last forever without losing charging ability.(这个团队尝试过用很多东西来包裹纳米线。PMMA，一种塑料，就是其中之一。纳米线涂上PMMA后，可以循环充电20万次。且包裹纳米线的PMMA没有损伤的迹象。研究结果表明，电池可以永远使用而不会损耗)可知，Tai和她的团队在给纳米线涂上一层PMMA塑料凝胶后，电池的充电次数达到了20万次，这是一个巨大的突破。A. Coating nanowires in a gel.(给纳米线涂上凝胶)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的But a woman Mya Le Thai may have found the solution to this problem. (但是一个名叫Mya Le Thai的女士可能已经发现了解决这个问题的方法)可知，本文主要讲述了Mya Le Thai女士因为不喜欢自己电池退化的电子设备一直连着电源，所以和自己的团队经过努力研发了一种用PMMA凝胶包裹的纳米线，这样，利用纳米线传输电力的电池的使用寿命被延长了很多。B. A woman invents a lasting battery(一个女士发明了一种持久的电池)可以作为本文标题，故选B项。
江苏省泰州中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题
第一节(共15 小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Fire Prevention Information
The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems, fire alarms and fire extinguishers(灭火器).They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm purl stations and the two exits nearest your room.
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors and sprinklers.For your safety,never tamper with(胡乱摆弄)these systems.False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.During a fire drill,please do the following:
Take your room key and IDclose and lock the door to your room.
Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit;do not use a lift.
Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartmentUse a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so.Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room.Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings.Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:
If your smoke detector is working properly,the red light should be on.If the red light is not blinking(闪动)，contact residence hall staff immediately.
Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.
If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke,inform your hall staff.
21. What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?
A. To provide part-time jobs for students.
B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals..
22. What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?
A. Pipes and smoke detectors.
B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.
D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations
23 What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?
A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.
B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.
C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.
D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了防火的相关信息，包括：警报器的种类、消防演习的注意事项、灭火器的使用、烟雾检测器的信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems.”（他们检查校园所有建筑，测试并维修所有喷水灭火装置系统。）可知，防火专业人员的主要责任是检查和维修防火设备。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fire Alarms中的“Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.”（大部分楼层也配备了火灾自动报警系统，火灾自动报警系统由高温检测器、烟雾检测器和消防喷淋组成。）可知，火灾自动报警系统包括高温检测器、烟雾检测器和消防喷淋。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fire Extinguishers中的“Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.”（错误使用灭火器将会导致罚款。）可知，错误地使用灭火器会导致受到惩罚。故选A。
B
Cells in our brain usually send a “stop eating” signal when we've eaten enough. But in a study, researchers found that after mice ate fatty food for just two weeks, their brains brake on overeating failed.
Researchers at the University of Washington in Seattle conducted the study.They shared their findings in Science.Garret Stuber is a professor at the University of Washington.He and his team mainly focused on one brain area known-to be connected with eating behavior.This brain area contains many different kinds of cells.Researchers noticed big differences between the glutamatergic nerve cells(谷氨酸神经细胞)of the fat mice and those of the thin mice.And the earlier work by Stuber's group had suggested that these cells act like a brake on overeating.When the researchers stopped these cells from working,mice suddenly overate.They also fattened up. But it wasn't clear how these cells' activity changed as the mice changed from being slim to being fat.
“Being fat doesn't just happen overnight,”notes Stuber.To study that gradual fattening up,his group did a new study.They fed mice with high-fat food.Now and again,they used a microscope to look at how well the animals 'glutamatergic nerve cells could send out signals.During the process,they found the activity of these glutamatergic nerve cells slowed,even before the mice became fat.That cell sluggishness(怠惰)continued as the mice grew larger over a 12-week period.
The results suggest that the high-fat diet is removing the brake on overeating and becoming fat,”says Stephanie Borgland,a professor at the University of Calgary in Canada. Stuber's group doesn't know whether these brain cells will go back to normal if the mice stop eating the fatty food and slim down.It would be hard to keep monitoring the same cells over the months it would likely take for the mice to return to a healthy body weight,”explains Stuber.And it's hard to say whether similar cells control the same thing in humans.
“Having high-fat diets probably affects a much wider family of cells than those studied here,” Stuber notes. “Changes,” he says, “are probably happening across the brain.” Understanding those things might help us find better ways of limiting overeating.
24. What did researchers find in the study?
A. Mice tended to become sluggish if they often overate.
B. Having high-fat diets affected many kinds of brain cells.
C. Mice began to overeat after eating fatty food for a period.
D. The number of brain cells would drop when mice overate.
25. Why was a new study conducted?
A. To prove that fatty food was bad for health.
B. To know more about that gradual weight-gain.
C. To collect more information about the mice 's cells.
D. To observe how long it would take for the mice to grow fat.
26. What does the last but one paragraph mainly show?
A. It's still difficult to answer some questions.
B. It's hard to find the similar brain area in humans.
C. It's wrong to apply what suits animals to humans.
D. It's necessary to keep monitoring the mice for long.
27. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A personal diary.
B. A useful guidebook.
C. A science magazine.
D. An adventure novel
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了老鼠暴饮暴食、变胖与高脂食物和大脑谷氨酸神经细胞之间关系的一个研究。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But in a study, researchers found that after mice ate fatty food for just two weeks, their brains brake on overeating failed.”（但是在一项研究中，研究员发现在老鼠吃过高脂食物仅仅两周后，它们的大脑关于暴饮暴食的刹车失灵了。）可知，研究员研究发现在吃过高脂食物一段时间后，老鼠会开始暴饮暴食。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To study that gradual fattening up, his group did a new study.”（为了研究（老鼠）逐渐变胖的（过程），他的团队做了一项新的研究。）可知，实施新研究是为了了解更多老鼠是怎样变胖的。故选B。
【26题详解】
段落大意题。根据段数第二段的内容和其中的关键句“Stuber's group doesn't know whether these brain cells will go back to normal if the mice stop eating the fatty food and slim down.”（Stuber的团队不知道，如果这些老鼠不再吃高脂食物，瘦下来，这些大脑细胞是否将会变回正常的状态。）“it's hard to say whether similar cells control the same thing in humans.”（很难说人体内是否有相似的细胞控制着同样的东西。）可知，倒数二段表明仍然有一些问题难以回答。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要讲了老鼠变胖与高脂食物和大脑谷氨酸神经细胞之间关系的一个研究。属于科学知识的讲解，因此推测可能来自科学杂志。故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题是阅读理解中常见的题型，要求考生根据作者暗示的内容，推断出合理的结论。一般包括细节推断、作者意图等。本文第四小题是针对文章来源的判断，根据文章的主要内容可以推断出本应该文来自科学杂志。
C
Air pollution may be causing baldness, scientists have shown for the first time. A new study found that fine particulate matter emitted by cars would damage the skin that holds hair follicles (毛囊) in place. A series of laboratory tests on human cells showed that levels of the crucial proteins needed for hair to grow and be retained decreased when they were exposed to pollution particles. While there is a growing body of evidence showing how these tiny particles can damage internal health, including by entering the bloodstream through the lungs, this is the first to demonstrate such a risk to the surface of the body.
The study was conducted by exposing cells from the human follicle dermal papilla cells(HFDPCs), to various concentrations of PM10-like dust and diesel particles (柴油颗粒). After 24 hours the researchers performed a process, known as western blotting, to detect the levels of specific proteins in the cells.
The results showed that the presence of PM10 and diesel particles decreased levels of B-catenin, the protein responsible for hair growth. The study also revealed that the levels of three other proteins — cyclin D1, cyclin E and CDK2, which are responsible for hair growth and hair retention, were decreased by PM10-like dust and diesel particles in a “dose-dependent” manner.
Dr Hyuk Chul Kwon, who led the study at the Future Science Research Centre, said, “While the link between air pollution and serious diseases such as cancer and lung diseases is well established, there is little-to-no research on the effect of particulate matter exposure on the human skin and hair in particular. Our research explains the mode of action of air pollutants on HFDPCs, showing how the most common air pollutants lead to hair loss.”
Sources of PM include the burning of fossil fuels — petrol and diesel, as well as other solid fuels,and other industrial activities such as building, mining and the manufacturing of building materials like bricks.
“While it is difficult to escape from the surrounding pollution, limiting the time for walking in busy streets, especially during rush hour, should help reduce exposure,” said Dr Kwon. “If you are exercising outdoors, try to do so in areas that are less polluted and do not spend too much time waiting at traffic hot spots such as traffic lights.”
28. What did the new study find?
A. Air pollution can do great harm to our lungs.
B. The color of our skin can be influenced by air pollution.
C. Serious air pollution can probably prevent hair from growing.
D. Air pollution can affect hair growth by entering the bloodstream.
29. What is western blotting used to do?
A. To discover the protein helpful for hair growth.
B To show the protein contents in the cells.
C. To compare different proteins in the cells.
D. To analyze the composition of hair cells.
30. What can we learn from Dr Hyuk Chul Kwon’s words?
A. His new research is superior to previous research.
B. The research he conducted is really of great importance.
C. The results of his new research need to be further improved.
D. A link between air pollution and diseases needs to be established.
31. What does Dr Kwon advise us to do?
A. To do as much exercise as possible.
B. To take action to reduce air pollution.
C. To avoid being exposed to air pollution.
D. To take public transport to avoid traffic jams.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学研究，研究表明接触常见空气污染物与人类脱发有关。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Air pollution may be causing baldness,scientists have shown for the first time. A new study found that fine particulate matter emitted by cars would damage the skin that holds hair follicles (毛囊) in place.(科学家首次表明，空气污染可能导致秃顶。一项新的研究发现，汽车排放的细颗粒物会损害保持毛囊位置的皮肤)可知，研究发现严重的空气污染可能会不利于头发生长。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段After 24 hours the researchers performed a process, known as western blotting, to detect the levels of specific proteins in the cells.(24小时后，研究人员进行了western blotting检测细胞中特定蛋白的水平)可知，western blotting(蛋白质印迹法)是用来检测细胞中蛋白质含量的。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段Dr Hyuk Chul Kwon 的话While the link between air pollution and serious diseases such as cancer and lung diseases is well established, there is little-to-no research on the effect of particulate matter exposure on the human skin and hair in particular. Our research explains the mode of action of air pollutants on HFDPCs, showing how the most common air pollutants lead to hair loss.(虽然空气污染与癌症和肺病等严重疾病之间的联系得到广泛的研究，但是几乎没有研究关注接触污染物对人类的皮肤和头发的影响。我们的研究解释了空气污染物对人类毛囊真皮乳头细胞的作用模式，显示了最常见的空气污染物如何导致脱发)可知，他实施的这个研究是有重要意义的。A、C、D选项内容文中均没有提到。故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr Kwon 说的话If you are exercising outdoors,try to do so in areas that are less polluted and do not spend too much time waiting at traffic hot spots such as traffic lights.(如果你要户外锻炼，尽量在污染较少的地方，不要在交通热点的地方，比如红绿灯路口，等待太久)可知，Dr Kwon建议我们尽量避免暴露在空气污染的地方。故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解文章陈述的观点或描述的事实的基础上，领悟作者的言外之意，得出符合作者意图的结论。如第3小题，根据Dr Hyuk Chul Kwon说的话，我们可以知道这项研究是首次提出的，是具有重要意义的。但作者并没有比较这项新研究与之前的研究哪个更好，只是说研究的方向不同而已。
D
Haw wondered why he had always thought that a change would lead to something worse.Now he realized that change could lead to something better.
“Why didn't I see this before?”he asked himself.
Then he raced through the Maze with greater strength and agility.Before long,he found a Cheese Station and became excited as he noticed little pieces of New Cheese near the entrance.
They were types of Cheeses he had never seen before,but they looked great.He tried them and found that they were delicious.He ate most of the New Cheese bits that were available and put a few in his pocket to have later and perhaps share with Hem.He began to regain his strength.
He entered the Cheese Station with great excitement.But,to his disappointment,he found it was empty.Someone had already been there and had left only the few bits of New Cheese.
He realized that if he had moved sooner,he would very likely have found a good deal of New Cheese here.
Haw decided to go back and see if Hem was ready to join him.
As he retraced his steps,he stopped and wrote on the wall:
The quicker you let go of old cheese,the sooner you find new cheese.
After a while,Haw made his way back to Cheese Station C and found Hem.He offered Hem bits of New Cheese,but was turned down.
Hem appreciated his friend's gesture but said,”I don't think I would like New Cheese.It's not what I'm used to.I want my own Cheese back and I'm not going to change until I get what I want.”
Haw just shook his head in disappointment and reluctantly went back out on his own.As he returned to the farthest point he had reached in the Maze,he missed his friend,but realized he liked what he was discovering.Even before he found what he hoped would be a great supply of New Cheese,if ever,he knew that what made him happy wasn't just having Cheese.
He was happy when he wasn't being run by his fear.He liked what he was doing now.
Knowing this,Haw didn't feel as weak as he did when he stayed in Cheese Station C with no Cheese.Just realizing he was not letting his fear stop him,and knowing that he had taken a new direction,nourished him and gave him strength.
Now he felt that it was just a question of time before he found what he needed.In fact,he sensed he had already found what he was looking for.
He smiled as he realized:
It Is Safer To Search In The Maze Than Remain In A Cheseless Station
Haw realized again,as he had once before,that what you are afraid of is never as bad as what you imagine.The fear you let build up in your mind is worse than the situation that actually exists.
He'd been so afraid of never finding New Cheese that he hadn't even wanted to start looking. But since starting his journey,he had found enough Cheese in the corridors to keep him going. Now he looked forward to finding more.Just looking ahead was becoming exciting
His old thinking had been clouded by his worries and fears.
But that had changed in the days since he had left Cheese Station C.
Now he realized it was natural for change to continually occur,whether you expect it or not change could surprise you only if you didn't expect it and weren't looking for it.
When he realized he had changed his beliefs,he paused to write on the wall:
Old Beliefs Do Not Lead You To The New Cheese
Haw hadn't found any Cheese yet,but,as he ran through the Maze,he thought about what he had already learned.
Haw now realized that his new beliefs were encouraging him to behave in a new way.He was behaving differently from the way he had when he had kept returning to the same cheeseless station.
He now knew that when you change what you believe,you change what you do.
You can believe that a change will harm you and resist it.Or you can believe that finding New Cheese will help you,and embrace the change.
It all depends on what you choose to believe.
He wrote on the wall:
When You See That You Can Find New Cheese,You Change Course
32. From the first eight paragraphs,it can be concluded that
A. Haw was eager to eat up all Cheese bits.
B. Haw cared much more about himself than Hem.
C. Haw had been reluctant to change himself before.
D. Haw has been dreaming of himself enjoying Cheese.
33. The sentences Haw wrote on the wall are intended to show
A. Haw would inspire others to make changes with him.
B. Haw had a strong desire to find New Cheese to share with Hem.
C. Haw wanted Hem to find him by following the tracks on the wall.
D. Haw has been changing his mind and action to reach his goal gradually.
34. Which of the following can express the main idea of the passage?
A. Old habits die hard.
B. A diversity leads to prosperity.
C. Action speaks louder than words.
D. Someone barks up the wrong the tree.
35. From the passage, which words can be used to describe Haw?
A. Stubborn but selfless.
B. Caring and ambitious.
C. Outgoing and humorous.
D. Persistent but indifferent.
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章通过讲述唧唧在寻找奶酪的过程中，为了实现自己的目标，一直在改变自己的想法和行动，说明了多样性会带来繁荣。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Haw wondered why he had always thought that a change would lead to something worse.Now he realized that change could lead to something better.（唧唧一直在想的是他将会得到什么，而不是考虑他会失去什么。他不明白，为什么自己过去总是觉得变化会使事情变得更糟。而现在他认识到，变化将会使事情变得更好。）和第二段 “Why didn't I see this before?”he asked himself.（“为什么以前我不明白这一点？”他反问自己。）由此推断出，唧唧以前不愿意改变自己。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据唧唧在墙上下的话：The quicker you let go of old cheese,the sooner you find new cheese.（你越快放弃旧奶酪，你就越快找到新的奶酪。）It Is Safer To Search In The Maze Than Remain In A Cheseless Station（在迷宫中搜寻比停留在没有奶酪的地方更安全。）Old Beliefs Do Not Lead You To The New Cheese（陈旧的信念不会帮助你找到新的奶酪。）When You See That You Can Find New Cheese, You Change Course（当你发现你会找到新的奶酪并且能够享用它时，你就会改变你的路线。）由此推断出，唧唧在墙上写的句子表明唧唧一直在改变他的想法和行动，以逐渐达到他的目标。故选D。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇文章通过讲述唧唧在寻找奶酪的过程中，为了实现自己的目标，一直在改变自己的想法和行动，说明了多样性会带来繁荣。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据He offered Hem bits of New Cheese, but was turned down.（他给哼哼一些新奶酪，但被拒绝了。）可知唧唧很乐于助人。根据Even before he found what he hoped would be a great supply of New Cheese, if ever, he knew that what made him happy wasn't just having Cheese.（甚至在他找到他所希望的大量新奶酪之前，他就知道让他快乐的不仅仅是奶酪。）可知唧唧有雄心壮志。故选B。
【点睛】通过对关键词，关键短语或者是关键的句子的把握是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一，它们往往隐藏着深层的意思。小题1根据第一段Haw wondered why he had always thought that a change would lead to something worse.Now he realized that change could lead to something better.（唧唧一直在想的是他将会得到什么，而不是考虑他会失去什么。他不明白，为什么自己过去总是觉得变化会使事情变得更糟。而现在他认识到，变化将会使事情变得更好。）和第二段 “Why didn't I see this before?”he asked himself.（"为什么以前我不明白这一点？"他反问自己。）由此推断出，唧唧以前不愿意改变自己。故选C。
江苏省无锡市江阴市高级中学2019_2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Better known by his stage name KUN, Cai Xukun is a phenomenon, opening up the music industry in China.
Last year, after participating in the reality TV show Idol Producer, receiving the most votes from fans, the singer-songwriter rose to fame overnight. At just 21 years old, Cai has topped Chinese music charts with multiple singles.
On July 26, KUN released his newest single Young. Within just 20 seconds, it reached a million sales.
KUN wrote the song to share his understanding of youth. He mixed R&B and electronic beats (节拍) to make it more cheerful. A reviewer wrote on QQ Music, “When you listen to the song, you just seem to go back to youth again.”
The song was an early birthday present to himself which he celebrated on Aug 2. KUN also hopes that he always has the courage to pursue (追求) his love of music, no matter what people think. “My works are like my children and I have put my best effort into them.” he told the Global Times.
Indeed, KUN has written and produced most of his songs on his own. “I want every piece of my work to have my own spirit in it,” he told music website Soundigest, “I feel more enjoyment when I'm performing my own work.”
Although KUN loves performing onstage, when the lights go down, he prefers to fall back into his own world and darkness at night. “I always get inspired when it's quiet, late at night/' he told I-D magazine, “It's a great moment for me to create new things. Sometimes, I can write songs with a melody (旋律) I heard in a dream.”
To develop his introspection (反思) and find new inspiration, KUN attends different kinds of musical performances — from festivals to opera houses. “I just like to do everything, all for my music, all for my art,” he told I-D.
With such talent and dedication to music, it seems that KUN will continue to make his mark in the competitive Chinese music industry.
1. What do we know about KUN's newest single?
A. It earns him a birthday present.
B. It makes people feel happy and energetic.
C. It shows how he pursues his dream.
D. It combines jazz and electronic music.
2. What does KUN usually do to get inspiration for music?
A. He goes to music shows.
B. He talks to famous singers.
C. He attends music classes.
D. He finds melodies in his dreams.
3. Which would best describe KUN?
A. Courageous and patient.
B. Talented and humorous.
C. Hardworking and creative.
D. Optimistic and outgoing.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名歌手蔡徐坤出道及成名的经历，说明了他对于音乐孜孜不倦的追求和热爱。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的He mixed R&B and electronic beats (节拍) to make it more cheerful.和When you listen to the song, you just seem to go back to youth again.可知，蔡徐坤在创作这首歌曲时，把节奏布鲁斯和电子节奏混合在一起，使节奏更加欢快，当你听这首歌的时候，你仿佛又回到了青春。由此可知，这首新曲使人们感到高兴并且充满能量。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的To develop his introspection (反思) and find new inspiration, KUN attends different kinds of musical performances — from festivals to opera houses.可知，为了发展他的反思和寻找新的灵感，蔡徐坤参加各种各样的音乐演出——从节日演出到歌剧院。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的To develop his introspection (反思) and find new inspiration, KUN attends different kinds of musical performances — from festivals to opera houses.可知，为了发展他的反思和寻找新的灵感，蔡徐坤参加各种各样的音乐演出，由此可知，他很勤奋；根据倒数第三段中的I can write songs with a melody (旋律) I heard in a dream.可知，蔡徐坤可以利用梦中的声音去创作旋律，由此可知，他富有创造力。故选C项。
B
A long time ago, and still in some countries today, the dollar and penny did not even exist. Actually, trading a cow for two pigs is still the norm (常态) for many cultures. So how is it that we get to use paper and coins?
The biggest challenge for ancient cultures was to have a system that would allow people to exchange products with each other. However, the problem came up when one person was in need of something immediately that they didn’t have a product to trade. For example, a farmer that needed wheat only had fruit to exchange but the fruit wasn’t ready to hand over for another two months. This is what started the idea of a “common currency”. The farmer could buy what he needed with “currency” and just as important, the value of the goods he was exchanging was standardized. He did not have to worry about giving anything in return now or later; his deal was complete. Thus “money” was born.
Over time, each country has developed its own currency and something that might cost 1,000,000 lire in one country might be 1 dollar in the US currency. Most countries also frequently use powerful political people as the “face” of their currency. The US currency is the best example of this. Can you name all the presidents that currently appear on not only paper money but also coins?
The real excitement, however, is the future of how we buy things. People have started to use debit cards (借记卡) that allow you to pay using your bank account rather than cash. That has given way to something called Mondex. Mondex allows you to “wave” your card past any special device that can read these cards. You no longer have to insert, swipe (刷) and then punch in numbers, which could cause security problems.
4. What’s the purpose of Paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the topic of the text.
B To explain what money was like in history.
C. To tell us that there was no money long ago.
D. To compare the difference between a cow and two pigs.
5. The farmer had an idea of using currency when ________.
A. he had a product to exchange B. he had made a lot of money
C. he had nothing to trade for what he needed D. he would harvest his fruit
6. Mondex is a kind of card which can ________.
A. keep you safe if you are in trouble
B. save you a large amount of money
C. help you trade safely and conveniently
D. make you happy whenever you are bored
7. What does this passage mainly talk about?
A. The evolution of payment. B. The trade in ancient times.
C. The use of money in the world. D. New ways of payment.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纸币和硬币的由来和历史历程。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中Actually, trading a cow for two pigs is still the norm for many cultures. So how is it that we get to use paper and coins?可知，事实上，用一头牛换两头猪在许多文化中仍然是一种常态。那么我们是如何使用纸和硬币的呢？以及第二段第一句The biggest challenge for ancient cultures was to have a system that would allow people to exchange products with each other.可知，古代文化面临的最大挑战是建立一个允许人们互相交换产品的系统。由此可推知，第一段的目的是引出第二段文章主题。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中For example, a farmer that needed wheat only had fruit to exchange but the fruit wasn’t ready to hand over for another two months. This is what started the idea of a “common currency”.可知，例如，一个需要小麦的农民只有水果可以交换，但这些水果要再过两个月才能交易。这就是“共同货币”概念的起源。由此可知，当农夫没有东西可以交换他所需要的东西时，他就有了使用货币的想法。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Mondex allows you to “wave” your card past any special device that can read these cards. You no longer have to insert, swipe (刷) and then punch in numbers, which could cause security problems.可知，Mondex允许你通过任何特殊的设备来读取你的卡片。你不再需要插入、滑动然后输入数字，这可能会导致安全问题。由此可知，Mondex是一种可以帮助你安全方便地交易的借记卡。故选C。
7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中Actually, trading a cow for two pigs is still the norm for many cultures. So how is it that we get to use paper and coins?可知，事实上，用一头牛换两头猪在许多文化中仍然是一种常态。那么我们是如何使用纸和硬币的呢？以及结合文章主要介绍了纸币和硬币的由来和历史演变过程。故选A。
C
We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被动地）．We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning．
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else．Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive．Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend onitin our everyday communication with friends and co-workers．
Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem．It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor（谣言）．
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone．Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person．That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game．The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it．Then the two written statements are compared．Typically, the original message has changed．
That’s what happens in daily life．The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story．Then, too, most people listen imperfectly．And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style．Yet those who hear it think they know．
This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as a fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts．
8. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______．
A. doing a medical experiment B. solving a math problem
C. visiting an exhibition D. doing scientific reasoning
9. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____．
A. active learning B. knowledge
C. communication D. passive learning
10. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____．
A. a message may be changed when being passed on
B. a message should be delivered in different ways
C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing
D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor
11. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Active learning is less important．
B. Passive learning may not be reliable．
C. Active learning occurs more frequently．
D. Passive learning is not found among scholars．
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了被动获得知识所存在的一个严重的问题——被告知的可能是谣言。并用现实生活中简单的事例加以说明。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段前两句we achieve knowledge passively by being told by some else,……in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV of read newspaper or magazines is passive可知被动学习是指由别人告知所获得的知识。故选C. A、B、D 都是主动学习。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据it 所在句可知这个代词指代的是前句所提的被动学习，句意：在日常生活中依靠被动学习并不奇怪。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通过第四段最后一句可知，原始的含义改变了，例证了第三段提出的论点“被动学习使我们接受被告知的事物，甚至有时是谣言。”因此A项为正确项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。此题可用排除法。A、C两项未提，而由最后一段第一句可知D项不正确。由文章第三段加后几段的例证可推知B 项正确。
D
My father was 44 and knew he wasn't going to make it to 45. He wrote me a letter and hoped that something in it would help me for the rest of my life.
Since the day I was 12 and first read his letter, some of his words have lived in my heart. One part always stands out. “Right now, you are pretending to be a time­killer . But I know that one day, you will do something great that will set you among the very best.” Knowing that my dad believed in me gave me permission to believe in myself. “You will do something great.” He didn't know what that would be, and neither did I, but at times in my life when I've felt proud of myself, I remember his words and wish he were here so I could ask, “Is this what you were talking about, Dad? Should I keep going？”
A long way from 12 now, I realize he would have been proud when I made any progress. Lately, though, I've come to believe he'd want me to move on to what comes next: to be proud of, and believe in, somebody else. It's time to start writing my own letters to my children. Our children look to us with the same unanswered question we had. Our kids don't hold back because they're afraid to fail. They're only afraid of failing us. They don't worry about being disappointed. Their fear－as mine was until my father's letter－is of being a disappointment.
Give your children permission to succeed. They're waiting for you to believe in them.
I always knew my parents loved me. But trust me: That belief will be more complete, that love will be more real, and their belief in themselves will be greater if you write the words on their hearts：“Don't worry; you'll do something great.” Not having that blessing from their parents may be the only thing holding them back.
12. We learn from the text that the author ________.
A. lost his father when he was young
B. worked hard before he read his father's letter
C. asked his father's permission to believe in himself
D. knew exactly what great thing his father wanted him to do
13. What does the author tell us in the 3rd paragraph?
A. Children need their parents' letters.
B. Children are afraid to be disappointed.
C. His children's fear of failure held them back.
D. His father's letter removed his fear of failing his parents.
14. Which of the following is TRUE of the author?
A. He got no access to success.
B. He wrote back to his father at 12.
C. He was sure his parents loved him.
D. He once asked his father about the letter.
15. The main purpose of the text is to ________.
A. describe children's thinking
B. answer some questions children have
C. stress the importance of communication
D. advise parents to encourage their children
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲通过一封信告诉作者对他的爱与信任，这种爱与信任让作者在生活中取得了很大的进步。以此鼓励父母亲给孩子鼓励与信任。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章前两段第一句My father was 44 and knew he wasn't going to make it to 45. Since the day I was 12 and first read his letter, some of his words have lived in my heart.可知我父亲当时44岁，他知道自己活不到45岁。从我12岁第一次读到他的信的那天起，他的一些话就深深地印在了我的心里。所以我们从课文中得知作者年幼时失去了父亲。故A正确。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后三句They're only afraid of failing us. They don't worry about being disappointed. Their fear－as mine was until my father's letter－is of being a disappointment.可知现在的孩子很担心没有符合我们的期望值，而我却没有这样的担心，由此判断出父亲的信让我不害怕让父母亲失望。故D项正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句I always knew my parents loved me. 可知我很清楚地知道我的父母亲很爱我。所以他确信他的父母爱他。故C项正确。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。作者的父亲给他写的一封信告诉作者父亲对他的爱与信任，这种爱与信任让作者在生活中取得了很大的进步。再根据文章最后一段their belief in themselves will be greater if you write the words on their hearts：“Don't worry; you'll do something great.” Not having that blessing from their parents may be the only thing holding them back.可知父母亲的爱和信任对孩子有很大的影响。由此判断出作者建议父母给孩子鼓励。故D项正确。
江苏省锡山高级中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题
第一节（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Apple Store
Description
Tap the Apple Store app on your iPhone or iPod touch, and you can do all things Apple.Buy Apple products and accessories(配件) and read customer reviews. Add free laser engraving and choose signature gift wrap on select products to make your items even more special. Find Apple Retail Stores, reserve select Apple products for pickup at your favorite store, and request help when you are at the store. Schedule Genius Bar and One to One reservations and check in for them when you arrive.
The Apple Store app is also the easiest way to buy or reserve your new iPhone --- right from your current iPhone. You can do it in just a few taps, without entering your AT & T account information. Order your new iPhone from the Apple Online Store and it’s shipped to you free and ready to use. Or reserve your new iPhone, pick it up at an Apple Retail Store, and we’ll set it up for you in minutes.
Apple Online Store Features
•Explore new and featured products from Apple.
•Buy a new iPhone and other Apple products, accessories, and software.
•Add free personal engraving to any new iPad or iPod.
•Choose signature gift wrapping for any iPad or iPod, select Mac notebooks, and select Apple software and accessories.
•Read customer reviews and get answers to product questions.
Apple Retail Store Features
•Reserve iPhone and other select products for pick up.
•Request help, check in for reservations, and receive meet-up alerts when you are at a store(iOS 4 required).
•Make Genius Bar and One to One reservations.
•Sign up for workshops and events.
What’s New in Version 1.1
•Add engraving and gift wrapping to select purchases from the Apple Online Store.
•Reserve products for pickup at an Apple Retail Store.
•Check in for reservations and request help within stores(iOS 4 required).
•Add Apple Retail Store reservations directly to iCal.
Please note: With Location Services on and the Apple Store app open, Apple will use your location to identify nearby Apple Retail Stores and to offer additional services when you are in a store. If you have previously selected the Apple Store app using location but do not want this new feature, you can update your Location Services preferences in General Settings.
1. The text is intended to ______.
A. recommend a new product of Apple B. inform the readers of Apple Store
C. describe the function of Apple Store D. offer additional services to customers of Apple Store
2. Tap the Apple Store app on your iPhone, and you can _______.
A. buy Apple products only B. get to any Apple Retail Store
C. reserve iPhone products for pickup D. request help wherever you are
3. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Apple Online Store?
A. Reserve your new iPhone without entering your AT & T account information.
B. Order your new iPhone and it’s shipped to you free and ready to use.
C. Reserve your new iPhone and pick it up at an Apple Retail Store conveniently.
D. Check in for reservations, and received meet-up alerts when you are at a store.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了苹果手机专卖店网店和实体店的一些特点及售后服务等。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了苹果手机专卖店网店和实体店的一些特点及售后服务等，所以文章是想要告知广大消费者苹果手机店的相关信息。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Tap the Apple Store app on your iPhone or iPod touch, and you can do all things Apple.Buy Apple products and accessories(配件) and read customer reviews. Find Apple Retail Stores, reserve select Apple products for pickup at your favorite store(点击苹果手机或iPod touch上的Apple Store应用程序，你可以做所有的事情。购买苹果公司产品和配件，可以阅读用户评论……找到苹果手机的零售店，在你最喜爱的店里预定选择苹果公司产品)”可知，点击手机上的Apple Store应用程序可以预定苹果公司产品。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Apple Retail Store Features(苹果实体店特点)部分第二点“Request help, check in for reservations, and receive meet-up alerts when you are at a store(iOS 4 required).”可知，D项是实体店的特点，不是网店的优势。故选D项。
B
A drug used to treat severe bleeding could save thousands of lives for mothers giving birth. A global trial of the drug found it reduced the risk of bleeding deaths during childbirth by nearly one-third. The study involved 20,000 women in 21 countries, mainly in Africa and Asia. The trial was carried out by London’s School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The drug is called tranexamic acid(氨甲环酸）. It is low-cost and researchers said it does not cause serious side effects for mothers or babies.
The drug is used to treat mothers for severe bleeding during childbirth, also known as postpartum hemorrhage (产后出血).It is the leading cause of mother’s death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization.
Haleema Shakur is the project director of the trial. She says despite medical advances in many countries, severe bleeding after childbirth remains a big problem in some parts of the world. “It's one of the biggest killers of mothers. In Africa and Asia. about 10 percent of women will end up with severe bleeding. " The drug works by stopping blood clots（血凝块） from breaking down after a mother gives birth. The treatment can prevent the need for doctors to perform surgery to find the source of bleeding.
Shakur said the best results were reported when the drug was given to women as soon as possible after childbirth, “The earlier you give it- so within the first three hours of giving birth—the better the effect is. ”
The next step will be to get the drug where it is needed provide training for doctors and nurses on how to use it. During the trial, women were given the drug in a hospital. But researchers are looking for easier ways to administer the drug so it can be more widely used in small clinics and rural areas.
4. What is the reachers’ next plan?
A. To know how much the drug is.
B. To get permission to use the drug.
C. To let more people know the drug.
D. To make medical staff know how to use the drug.
5. What can we learn from the text?
A. The more mothers use the drug, the better its effect is.
B. African and Asian countries made great progress in medicine.
C. Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of women’s death.
D. There is a long way to go before the drug can be used more widely.
6. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Care for the Health of Mothers
B. How Can We Use Tranexamic Acid Well?
C. Childbirth Drug Greatly Reduces Bleeding Deaths
D. What's the Biggest Killer of Mothers?
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述研究人员发明了一种治疗产后出血的药物，效果很好，可以大大降低妇女产后出血的死亡几率，研究人员将进行培训医护人员怎样使用这种药物，并且将想办法使这种药物扩大到更大的范围使用。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句The next step will be to get the drug where it is needed provide training for doctors and nurses on how to use it. 下一步将是在需要的地方获得这种药物，为医生和护士提供如何使用它的培训，由此可知，研究人员的下一步计划是要培训医护人员如何使用这种药物，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。The next step will be to get the drug where it is needed provide training for doctors and nurses on how to use it. During the trial, women were given the drug in a hospital. But researchers are looking for easier ways to administer the drug so it can be more widely used in small clinics and rural areas. 下一步将是在需要的地方获得这种药物，为医生和护士提供如何使用它的培训。在试验期间，妇女们在医院里被给予了这种药物。但是研究人员正在寻找更简单的方法来管理这种药物，这样它就可以在小诊所和农村地区更广泛地使用，由此可以推断出这种药品的广泛使用过程还很长，还有很多工作要做，故选D。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述研究人员发明了一种治疗产后出血的药物，效果很好，可以大大降低妇女产后出血的死亡几率，研究人员将进行培训医护人员怎样使用这种药物，并且将想办法使这种药物扩大到更大的范围使用。C选项分娩药物大大减少出血死亡，符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选C。
【点睛】标题猜测题。标题猜测题是主旨大意题的一种形式。标题一般应位于文章之首，概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，或句子。确定文章标题，第一，标题要与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容，不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；第三，标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应新颖，概括性强并且精炼。小题3中C选项概括文中主旨大意，与主题密切相关，故选C项。
C
An introduction to this book is as superfluous as a candle in front of a powerful searchlight. But a convention of publishing seems to require that the candle should be there, and I am proud to be the one to hold it. About ten years ago I picked up from the pile of new books on my desk a copy of Sons and Lovers by a man of whom I had never heard, and I started to race through it with the immoral speed of the professional reviewer. But after a page or two I found myself reading, really reading. Here was—here is—a masterpiece in which every sentence counts, a book packed with significant thought and beautiful, arresting phrases, the work of a remarkable genius whose gifts are more richly various than those of any other young English novelist.
To appreciate the rich variety of Mr. Lawrence we must read his later novels and his volumes of poetry. But Sons and Lovers reveals the range of his power. Here are combined and blended(混合) sort of ''realism'' and almost lyric(抒情的) imagery and rhythm. The speech of the people is that of daily life and the things that happen to them are normal adventures and accidents; they fall in love, marry, work, fail, succeed, and die. But of their deeper emotions and of the relations of these little human beings to the earth and to the stars, Mr. Lawrence makes something near to poetry and prose(散文) without violating its proper “other harmony.”
Take the marvellous paragraph on next to the last page of Sons and Lovers (Mr. Lawrence depends so little on plot in the ordinary sense of the word that it is perfectly fair to read the end of his book first):
Where was he? One tiny upright speck of flesh, less than an ear of wheat lost in the field. He could not bear it. On every side the immense dark silence seemed pressing him, so tiny a spark, into extinction, and yet, almost nothing, he could not be extinct. Night, in which everything was lost, went reaching out, beyond stars and sun, stars and sun, a few bright grains, went spinning round for terror, and holding each other in embrace, there in the darkness that outpassed them all, and left them tiny and daunted(气馁). So much, and himself, infinitesimal, at the core a nothingness, and yet not nothing.
Such glorious writing lifts the book far above a novel which is merely a story. I beg the reader to attend to every line of it and not to miss a single one of the many sentences that await and surprise you. Some are enthusiastic and impressive, like the paragraph above; others are keen, ''realistic'' observations of things and people. In one of his books Mr. Lawrence makes a character say, or think, that life is ''mixed''. That indicates his philosophy and his method. He blends the accurately literal and trivial(琐碎的) with the extremely poetic.
To find a similar blending of tiny daily detail and wide imaginative vision, we must go back to two older novelists, Hardy and Meredith. I do not mean that Mr. Lawrence derives(源于) immediately from them or, indeed, that he is clearly the disciple(弟子) of any master. I do feel simply that he is of the elder stature(名望) of Hardy and Meredith, and I know of no other young novelist who is quite worthy of their company. When I first tried to express this comparison, this connection, I was contradicted by a fellow-critic, who pointed out that Meredith and Hardy are entirely unlike each other and that therefore Mr. Lawrence cannot resemble both. To be sure, nothing is more hateful than forced comparisons, nothing more boring than to discover parallels between one work of art and another. An artist's mastery consists in his difference from other masters. But to refer a young man of genius to an older one, at the same time pronouncing his independence and originality, is a fair, if not very superior, method of praising him.
7. The underlined word ''superfluous'' in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. meaningful B. unnecessary
C. fundamental D. unbelievable
8. What does the author want to illustrate by including one paragraph from Sons and Lovers?
A. The plot of the novel has little to do with daily life.
B. It is wise to read Lawrence's books from the end.
C. Lawrence is capable of telling good stories.
D. The language in Lawrence's books is elegant.
9. Who were Hardy and Meredith?
A. They taught Lawrence literature when he was young.
B. They were the realistic novelists of Lawrence’s time.
C. They were novelists who resemble each other in writing.
D. They were novelists combining details with imagination.
10. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A. To introduce Lawrence's novel Sons and Lovers.
B. To show his experiences of reading classics.
C. To analyze Lawrence's writing characteristics.
D. To compare the styles of different novelists.
【答案】7. B 8. D 9. D 10. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章以劳伦斯的作品《儿子和爱人》为例介绍了劳伦斯的写作特点——在不破坏诗歌和散文和谐的前提下，使其作品更接近诗歌和散文，用优美的语言展示了一些真实的生活场景。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段的An introduction to this book is as superfluous as a candle in front of a powerful searchlight.可知，对于这本书的介绍，就像强光探照灯前的蜡烛一样，是superfluous。根据句意尤其as a candle in front of a powerful searchlight推测划线部分的意思是“多余的，没有必要的”。B. unnecessary(没有必要的)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的主要内容，尤其Mr. Lawrence makes something near to poetry and prose(散文) without violating its proper ''other harmony''.(劳伦斯在不破坏诗歌和散文和谐前的提下，使他的作品更接近诗歌和散文)可推测，作者列举《儿子和爱人》就是为了证明劳伦斯的作品语言很优美，读起来像是诗歌和散文。D. The language in Lawrence's books is elegant.(劳伦斯书中的语言很优美)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段To find a similar blending of tiny daily detail and wide imaginative vision, we must go back to two older novelists, Hardy and Meredith.(为了找到将生活中的细节和想象力结合起来的作品，我们必须求助于两位更年长的小说家Hardy和Meredith)可推测，Hardy和Meredith是两位将生活细节和想象力结合起来的小说家。D. They were novelists combining details with imagination.(他们是把细节和想象力结合起来的小说家)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的To appreciate the rich variety of Mr. Lawrence we must read his later novels and his volumes of poetry. But Sons and Lovers reveals the range of his power.(要欣赏劳伦斯先生丰富多样的作品，我们必须阅读他后来的小说和诗集。但《儿子和情人》揭示了他的能力。)和Mr. Lawrence makes something near to poetry and prose(散文) without violating its proper ''other harmony''.(劳伦斯在不破坏诗歌和散文的和谐前提下，使他的作品更接近诗歌和散文)可知，这篇文章以劳伦斯的作品《儿子和爱人》为例介绍了劳伦斯的写作特点——在不破坏诗歌和散文和谐的前提下，使其作品更接近诗歌和散文，语言优美，耐人寻味。C. To analyze Lawrence's writing characteristics.(为了分析劳伦斯的写作特点)符合以上说法，故选C项。