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精编：2019年北京卷英语高考真题及答案解析（原卷+解析卷）
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这是一份精编：2019年北京卷英语高考真题及答案解析（原卷+解析卷），文件包含精编2019年北京市高考英语试卷原卷doc、精编2019年北京市高考英语试卷解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间:100分钟 试卷满分:120分)
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节，45分)
第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On the first day f my first grade, I std by the dr with butterflies in my stmach. I ___1___(vice) my biggest cncern t my mther. “Hw will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yurself.” Fr the past 20 years, I have lived by these wrds. Sn I will graduate and becme part f the real wrld. Nervusly ___2___(face) challenges, I knw I will whisper t ___3___(I) the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Earth Day, ___4___(mark) n 22 April, is an annual event aiming t raise public awareness abut envirnmental prtectin. First celebrated ___5___ 1970, the Day nw includes events in mre than 190 cuntries and regins(地区). N matter what yu like t d, there is a way t get invlved in varius ___6___(activity) n Earth Day. Yu can plant a tree, make a meal with lcally grwn vegetables, r save pwer—the pssibilities are endless.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Des the name f the cllege yu attend really matter? Research n the questin ___7___(suggest) that, fr mst students, it desn’t. What students d at cllege seems t matter much mre than ___8___ they g. The students benefitting mst frm cllege are thse ___9___ are ttally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage f the cllege’s chances and resurces(资源). Students shuld have a prper attitude twards cllege befre thinking abut which cllege t attend, and it’s never t early t make necessary preparatins fr a healthy and ___10___(meaning) cllege experience.
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Regardless f the weather r the distance, Paul Wilsn will make sure lw-incme students in his neighburhd arrive at their cllege classes n time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-ld Wilsn has been ___11___ free rides t cllege students fr the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car t the yung peple. Wilsn has ___13___ an astnishing 64, 000 miles, and has had cuntless pleasant and ften humrus ___14___ with the students he transprts t and frm schl. The students wh he’s ___15___ have gne n t becme physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve als gt ut f their time in schl is finding a rle mdel and a friend in Wilsn. Sme students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides frm Wilsn fr all her fur years in cllege, and the trips meant much mre t her than just free ___18___. “It’s nt just a ride; yu’re nt just sitting there in ___19___ silence r with yur headphnes n.” Stern said. “He asks yu questins and actually ____20____ the answers, s the next time yu ride with him, he’ll ____21____ thse things.”
Wilsn first wrked as a driver thrugh a student-supprt prgramme f the nn-prfit rganisatin. On Pint fr Cllege. Althugh the ____22____ asks the members nly t drive students t and frm their classes, Wilsn ften ges ____23____ t ensure the welfare and safety f the students. If they have prblems with registratin, Wilsn is there t ____24____ them. If they run ut f certain daily necessities, Wilsn will drive t the nearest stre and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry n the lng drives t and frm schl, Wilsn never ____25____ t buy them a meal.
Fr many students, Wilsn’s help is nt nly appreciated, it’s als entirely ____26____ fr them t be able t cmplete their cllege educatin. Sme students dn’t have a reliable car, while thers have t ____27____ vehicles with parents wh wrk six days a week. Fr them, riding with Wilsn has ____28____ them t cmplete their educatin — but accrding t Wilsn, he benefits just as much frm the ____29____. “I just lve driving and I lve these kids, ” Wilsn said. “It’s such a(n) ____30____ t be a part f these kids’ lives, even just fr a few hurs, getting t knw them and hearing their stries.”
11. A. linkingB. sendingC. fferingD. distributing
12. A. dnatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. vlunteering
13. A. pavedB. cveredC. measuredD. wandered
14. A. argumentsB. interviewsC. negtiatinsD. cnversatins
15. A. metB. drivenC. addressedD. greeted
16 A. evenB. everC. nceD. already
17. A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded
18. A. transprtatinB. styleC. timeD. cmmunicatin
19. A. frcedB. awkwardC. ridiculusD. suspicius
20. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD. remembers
21. A. act nB. settle nC. check nD. agree n
22. A. clubB. leagueC. cllegeD. prgramme
23. A. farB. arundC. beyndD. frwards
24 A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warn
25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates
26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate
27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange
28. A. requiredB. allwedC. remindedD. cnvinced
29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciatinD. emplyment
30. A. effrtB. ambitinC. privilegeD. cnvenience
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Want t explre new cultures, meet new peple and d smething wrthwhile at the same time? Yu can d all the three with Glbal Develpment Assciatin(GDA). Whatever stage f life yu’re at, wherever yu g and whatever prject yu d in GDA, yu’ll create psitive changes in a pr and remte cmmunity(社区).
We wrk with vlunteers f all ages and backgrunds. Mst f ur vlunteers are aged 17-24. Nw we need vlunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely imprtant in the safe and effective running f ur prgrammes. We have such rles as prject managers, muntain leaders, and cmmunicatin fficers.
Depending n which rle yu chse, yu culd help t increase a cmmunity’s access t safe drinking water, r help t prtect valuable lcal cultures. Yu might als design an adventure challenge t train yung vlunteers.
Nt nly will yu help ur yung vlunteers t develp persnally, yu’ll als learn new skills and increase yur cultural awareness. Yu may have chances t meet new peple wh’ll becme yur lifelng friends.
This summer we have bth 4-week and 7-week prgrammes:
GDA ensures that vlunteers wrk with cmmunity members and lcal prject partners where ur help is needed. All ur prjects aim t prmte the develpment f pr and remte cmmunities.
There is n ther chance like a GDA prgramme. Jin us as a vlunteer manager t develp yur wn skills while bringing benefits t the cmmunities.
Find ut mre abut jining a GDA prgramme:
Email:humanresurces@gldeve.rg
31. What is the main respnsibility f vlunteer managers?
A. T seek lcal partners.B. T take in yung vlunteers.
C. T carry ut prgrammes.D. T fster cultural awareness.
32. The prgramme beginning in August will perate in ________.
A. EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. Suth Africa
33. The shared gal f GDA’s prjects t ________.
A. explre new culturesB. prtect the envirnment
C. gain crprate benefitD. help cmmunities in need
B
Alice Mre is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), wh in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her cmpany was wrth millins f dllars with the inventin f a super-sweet treat that culd save kids’ teeth, instead f destrying them.
It all began when Mre visited a bank with her dad. On the uting, she was ffered a candy bar. Hwever, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad fr her teeth. But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s gd fr my teeth s that my parents can’t say n t it?” With that in mind, Mre asked her dad if she culd start her wn candy cmpany. He recmmended that she d sme research and talk t dentists abut what a healthier candy wuld cntain.
With her dad’s permissin, she spent the next tw years researching nline and cnducting trials t get a recipe that was bth tasty and tth-friendly. She als apprached dentists t learn mre abut teeth cleaning. Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.
Mre then used her savings t get her business ff the grund. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket wner, wh finally agreed t sell Mre’s prduct—CanCandy.
As CanCandy’s success grws, s des Mre’s credibility as a yung entrepreneur. Mre is enthusiastic abut the candy she created, and she’s als psitive abut what the future might bring. She hpes that every kid can have a clean muth and a brad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Mre is generally able t live a nrmal teenage life. Althugh she funded her cmpany early n in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by prfit. Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles. She dnates 10% f AilicCandy’s prfits t Big Smiles. With her talent and determinatin, it appears that the sky culd be the limit fr Alice Mre.
34. Hw did Mre react t her dad’s warning?
A. She argued with him.B. She tried t find a way ut.
C. She paid n attentin.D. She chse t cnsult dentists.
35. What is special abut CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial t dental health.B. It is free f sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than ther candies.D. It is prduced t a dentists’ recipe.
36. What des Mre expect frm her business?
A. T earn mre mney.B. T help thers find smiles.
C. T make herself stand ut.D. T beat ther candy cmpanies.
37. What can we learn frm Alice Mre’s stry?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. A yuth is t be regarded with respect.
C. Psitive thinking and actin result in success.
D. Success means getting persnal desires satisfied
C
The prblem f rbcalls has gtten s bad that many peple nw refuse t pick up calls frm numbers they dn’t knw. By next year, half f the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up t the severity f the prblem by supprting and develping a grup f tls, apps and appraches intended t prevent scammers frm getting thrugh. Unfrtunately, it’s t little, t late. By the time these “slutins”(解决方案) becme widely available, scammers will have mved nt cleverer means. In the near future, it’s nt just ging t be the number yu see n yur screen that will be in dubt. Sn yu will als questin whether the vice yu’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number f pwerful vice manipulatin(处理) and autmatin technlgies that are abut t becme widely available fr anyne t use. At this year’s I/O Cnference, a cmpany shwed a new vice technlgy able t prduce such a cnvincing human-sunding vice that it was able t speak t a receptinist and bk a reservatin withut detectin.
These develpments are likely t make ur current prblems with rbcalls much wrse. The reasn that rbcalls are a headache has less t d with amunt than precisin. A decade f data breaches(数据侵入) f persnal infrmatin has led t a situatin where scammers can easily learn yur mther’s name, and far mre. Armed with this knwledge, they’re able t carry ut individually targeted campaigns t cheat peple. This means, fr example, that a scammer culd call yu frm what lks t be a familiar number and talk t yu using a vice that sunds exactly like yur bank teller’s, tricking yu int “cnfirming” yur address, mther’s name, and card number. Scammers fllw mney, s cmpanies will be the wrst hit. A lt f business is still dne ver the phne, and much f it is based n trust and existing relatinships. Vice manipulatin technlgies may weaken that gradually.
We need t deal with the insecure nature f ur telecm netwrks. Phne carriers and cnsumers need t wrk tgether t find ways f determining and cmmunicating what is real. That might mean either develping a unifrm way t mark vides and images, shwing when and wh they were made by, r abandning phne calls altgether and mving twards data-based cmmunicatins—using apps like FaceTime r WhatsApp, which can be tied t yur identity.
Credibility is hard t earn but easy t lse, and the prblem is nly ging t get harder frm here n ut.
38. Hw des the authr feel abut the slutins t prblem f rbcalls?
A. Panicked.B. Cnfused.C. Embarrassed.D. Disappinted.
39. Taking advantage f the new technlgies, scammer can ________.
A. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easily
C start campaigns rapidlyD. spread infrmatin widely
40. What des the passage imply?
A. Hnesty is the best plicy.
B. Technlgies can be duble-edged.
C. There are mre slutins than prblems.
D. Credibility hlds the key t develpment.
41. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Where the Prblem f Rbcalls Is Rted
B. Wh Is t Blame fr the Prblem f Rbcalls
C. Why Rbcalls Are Abut t Get Mre Dangerus
D. Hw Rbcalls Are Affecting the Wrld f Technlgy
D
By the end f the century, if nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.
At the heart f the phenmenn lie tiny marine micrrganisms(海洋微生物) called phytplanktn. Because f the way light reflects ff the rganisms, these phytplanktn create clurful patterns at the cean surface. Ocean clur varies frm green t blue, depending n the type and cncentratin f phytplanktn. Climate change will fuel the grwth f phytplanktn in sme areas, while reducing it in ther spts, leading t changes in the cean’s appearance.
Phytplanktn live at the cean surface, where they pull carbn dixide(二氧化碳) int the cean while giving ff xygen. When these rganisms die, they bury carbn in the deep cean, an imprtant prcess that helps t regulate the glbal climate. But phytplanktn are vulnerable t the cean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics f the cean and can affect phytplanktn grwth, since they need nt nly sunlight and carbn dixide t grw, but als nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center fr Glbal Change Science, built a climate mdel that prjects changes t the ceans thrughut the century. In a wrld that warms up by 3℃, it fund that multiple changes t the clur f the ceans wuld ccur. The mdel prjects that currently blue areas with little phytplanktn culd becme even bluer. But in sme waters, such as thse f the Arctic, a warming will make cnditins riper fr phytplanktn, and these areas will turn greener. “Nt nly are the quantities f phytplanktn in the cean changing. ” she said, “but the type f phytplanktn is changing.”
And why des that matter? Phytplanktn are the base f the fd web. If certain kinds begin t disappear frm the cean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type f fish that will be able t survive.” Thse kinds f changes culd affect the fd chain.
Whatever clur changes the cean experiences in the cming decades will prbably be t gradual and unnticeable, but they culd mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while befre we can statistically shw that the changes are happening because f climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the clur f the cean will be ne f the early warning signals that we really have changed ur planet.”
42. What are the first tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. The varius patterns at the cean surface.
B. The cause f the changes in cean clur.
C. The way light reflects ff marine rganisms.
D. The effrts t fuel the grwth f phytplanktn.
43. What des the underlined wrd “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant.D. Unnticeable.
44. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Phytplanktn play a declining rle in the marine ecsystem.
B. Dutkiewicz’s mdel aims t prject phytplanktn changes.
C. Phytplanktn have been used t cntrl glbal climate.
D. Oceans with mre phytplanktn may appear greener.
45. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A T assess the cnsequences f cean clur changes.
B. T analyse the cmpsitin f the cean fd chain.
C. T explain the effects f climate change n ceans.
D. T intrduce a new methd t study phytplanktn.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much f the wrk in tday’s wrld is accmplished(完成) in teams. Mst peple believe the best way t build a great team is t gather a grup f the mst talented individuals. ___46___Cmpanies spend millins hiring tp business peple. Is their mney well spent?
___47___They fcused n ftball, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. Fr ftball and basketball, adding talented players t a team prves a gd methd, but nly up t the pint where 70% f the players are tp talent; abve that level, the team’s perfrmance begins t decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additinal individual talent keeps imprving the team’s perfrmance.
T explain this phenmenn, the researchers explred the degree t which a gd perfrmance by a team requires its members t crdinate(协调) their actins. ___48___In baseball, the perfrmance f individual players is less dependent n teammates. They cnclude that when task interdependence is high, team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent, while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer. If a basketball star is, fr example, trying t gain a high persnal pint ttal, he may take a sht himself when it wuld be better t pass the ball t a teammate, affecting the team’s perfrmance. Yung children learning t play team sprts are ften tld, “There is n I in TEAM.” ___49___
Anther pssibility is that when there is a lt f talent n a team, sme players may make less effrt. Just as in a game f tug-f-war(拔河比赛), whenever a persn is added, everyne else pulls the rpe with less frce.
___50___ An A-team may require a balance--nt just A players, but a few generus B players as well.
A. It’s nt a simple matter t determine the nature f talent.
B. Sprts team wners spend millins f dllars attracting tp talent.
C. The grup interactin and its effect drew the researchers’ attentin.
D. Stars apparently d nt fllw this basic principle f sprtsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the rle f talent in the sprts wrld.
F. Building up a dream team is mre cmplex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball frm ftball and basketball.
第三部分:书面表达(共两节，35分)
第一节 (15分)
51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 交通出行；
2. 必备衣物。
注意：
1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(20分)
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：西瓜watermeln
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cuntry
Schedule
4-week prgrammes
7-week prgrammes
Algeria
5 Jul. — 1 Aug.
20 Jun — 7 Aug.
Egypt
24 Jul. — 20 Aug.
19 Jun. — 6 Aug.
Kenya
20 Jul. — 16 Aug.
18 Jun. — 5 Aug.
Suth Africa
2 Aug. — 29 Aug.
15 Jun. — 2 Aug.
(考试时间:100分钟 试卷满分:120分)
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节，45分)
第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On the first day f my first grade, I std by the dr with butterflies in my stmach. I ___1___(vice) my biggest cncern t my mther. “Hw will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yurself.” Fr the past 20 years, I have lived by these wrds. Sn I will graduate and becme part f the real wrld. Nervusly ___2___(face) challenges, I knw I will whisper t ___3___(I) the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Earth Day, ___4___(mark) n 22 April, is an annual event aiming t raise public awareness abut envirnmental prtectin. First celebrated ___5___ 1970, the Day nw includes events in mre than 190 cuntries and regins(地区). N matter what yu like t d, there is a way t get invlved in varius ___6___(activity) n Earth Day. Yu can plant a tree, make a meal with lcally grwn vegetables, r save pwer—the pssibilities are endless.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Des the name f the cllege yu attend really matter? Research n the questin ___7___(suggest) that, fr mst students, it desn’t. What students d at cllege seems t matter much mre than ___8___ they g. The students benefitting mst frm cllege are thse ___9___ are ttally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage f the cllege’s chances and resurces(资源). Students shuld have a prper attitude twards cllege befre thinking abut which cllege t attend, and it’s never t early t make necessary preparatins fr a healthy and ___10___(meaning) cllege experience.
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Regardless f the weather r the distance, Paul Wilsn will make sure lw-incme students in his neighburhd arrive at their cllege classes n time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-ld Wilsn has been ___11___ free rides t cllege students fr the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car t the yung peple. Wilsn has ___13___ an astnishing 64, 000 miles, and has had cuntless pleasant and ften humrus ___14___ with the students he transprts t and frm schl. The students wh he’s ___15___ have gne n t becme physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve als gt ut f their time in schl is finding a rle mdel and a friend in Wilsn. Sme students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides frm Wilsn fr all her fur years in cllege, and the trips meant much mre t her than just free ___18___. “It’s nt just a ride; yu’re nt just sitting there in ___19___ silence r with yur headphnes n.” Stern said. “He asks yu questins and actually ____20____ the answers, s the next time yu ride with him, he’ll ____21____ thse things.”
Wilsn first wrked as a driver thrugh a student-supprt prgramme f the nn-prfit rganisatin. On Pint fr Cllege. Althugh the ____22____ asks the members nly t drive students t and frm their classes, Wilsn ften ges ____23____ t ensure the welfare and safety f the students. If they have prblems with registratin, Wilsn is there t ____24____ them. If they run ut f certain daily necessities, Wilsn will drive t the nearest stre and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry n the lng drives t and frm schl, Wilsn never ____25____ t buy them a meal.
Fr many students, Wilsn’s help is nt nly appreciated, it’s als entirely ____26____ fr them t be able t cmplete their cllege educatin. Sme students dn’t have a reliable car, while thers have t ____27____ vehicles with parents wh wrk six days a week. Fr them, riding with Wilsn has ____28____ them t cmplete their educatin — but accrding t Wilsn, he benefits just as much frm the ____29____. “I just lve driving and I lve these kids, ” Wilsn said. “It’s such a(n) ____30____ t be a part f these kids’ lives, even just fr a few hurs, getting t knw them and hearing their stries.”
11. A. linkingB. sendingC. fferingD. distributing
12. A. dnatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. vlunteering
13. A. pavedB. cveredC. measuredD. wandered
14. A. argumentsB. interviewsC. negtiatinsD. cnversatins
15. A. metB. drivenC. addressedD. greeted
16 A. evenB. everC. nceD. already
17. A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded
18. A. transprtatinB. styleC. timeD. cmmunicatin
19. A. frcedB. awkwardC. ridiculusD. suspicius
20. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD. remembers
21. A. act nB. settle nC. check nD. agree n
22. A. clubB. leagueC. cllegeD. prgramme
23. A. farB. arundC. beyndD. frwards
24 A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warn
25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates
26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate
27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange
28. A. requiredB. allwedC. remindedD. cnvinced
29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciatinD. emplyment
30. A. effrtB. ambitinC. privilegeD. cnvenience
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Want t explre new cultures, meet new peple and d smething wrthwhile at the same time? Yu can d all the three with Glbal Develpment Assciatin(GDA). Whatever stage f life yu’re at, wherever yu g and whatever prject yu d in GDA, yu’ll create psitive changes in a pr and remte cmmunity(社区).
We wrk with vlunteers f all ages and backgrunds. Mst f ur vlunteers are aged 17-24. Nw we need vlunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely imprtant in the safe and effective running f ur prgrammes. We have such rles as prject managers, muntain leaders, and cmmunicatin fficers.
Depending n which rle yu chse, yu culd help t increase a cmmunity’s access t safe drinking water, r help t prtect valuable lcal cultures. Yu might als design an adventure challenge t train yung vlunteers.
Nt nly will yu help ur yung vlunteers t develp persnally, yu’ll als learn new skills and increase yur cultural awareness. Yu may have chances t meet new peple wh’ll becme yur lifelng friends.
This summer we have bth 4-week and 7-week prgrammes:
GDA ensures that vlunteers wrk with cmmunity members and lcal prject partners where ur help is needed. All ur prjects aim t prmte the develpment f pr and remte cmmunities.
There is n ther chance like a GDA prgramme. Jin us as a vlunteer manager t develp yur wn skills while bringing benefits t the cmmunities.
Find ut mre abut jining a GDA prgramme:
Email:humanresurces@gldeve.rg
31. What is the main respnsibility f vlunteer managers?
A. T seek lcal partners.B. T take in yung vlunteers.
C. T carry ut prgrammes.D. T fster cultural awareness.
32. The prgramme beginning in August will perate in ________.
A. EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. Suth Africa
33. The shared gal f GDA’s prjects t ________.
A. explre new culturesB. prtect the envirnment
C. gain crprate benefitD. help cmmunities in need
B
Alice Mre is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), wh in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her cmpany was wrth millins f dllars with the inventin f a super-sweet treat that culd save kids’ teeth, instead f destrying them.
It all began when Mre visited a bank with her dad. On the uting, she was ffered a candy bar. Hwever, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad fr her teeth. But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s gd fr my teeth s that my parents can’t say n t it?” With that in mind, Mre asked her dad if she culd start her wn candy cmpany. He recmmended that she d sme research and talk t dentists abut what a healthier candy wuld cntain.
With her dad’s permissin, she spent the next tw years researching nline and cnducting trials t get a recipe that was bth tasty and tth-friendly. She als apprached dentists t learn mre abut teeth cleaning. Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.
Mre then used her savings t get her business ff the grund. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket wner, wh finally agreed t sell Mre’s prduct—CanCandy.
As CanCandy’s success grws, s des Mre’s credibility as a yung entrepreneur. Mre is enthusiastic abut the candy she created, and she’s als psitive abut what the future might bring. She hpes that every kid can have a clean muth and a brad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Mre is generally able t live a nrmal teenage life. Althugh she funded her cmpany early n in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by prfit. Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles. She dnates 10% f AilicCandy’s prfits t Big Smiles. With her talent and determinatin, it appears that the sky culd be the limit fr Alice Mre.
34. Hw did Mre react t her dad’s warning?
A. She argued with him.B. She tried t find a way ut.
C. She paid n attentin.D. She chse t cnsult dentists.
35. What is special abut CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial t dental health.B. It is free f sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than ther candies.D. It is prduced t a dentists’ recipe.
36. What des Mre expect frm her business?
A. T earn mre mney.B. T help thers find smiles.
C. T make herself stand ut.D. T beat ther candy cmpanies.
37. What can we learn frm Alice Mre’s stry?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. A yuth is t be regarded with respect.
C. Psitive thinking and actin result in success.
D. Success means getting persnal desires satisfied
C
The prblem f rbcalls has gtten s bad that many peple nw refuse t pick up calls frm numbers they dn’t knw. By next year, half f the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up t the severity f the prblem by supprting and develping a grup f tls, apps and appraches intended t prevent scammers frm getting thrugh. Unfrtunately, it’s t little, t late. By the time these “slutins”(解决方案) becme widely available, scammers will have mved nt cleverer means. In the near future, it’s nt just ging t be the number yu see n yur screen that will be in dubt. Sn yu will als questin whether the vice yu’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number f pwerful vice manipulatin(处理) and autmatin technlgies that are abut t becme widely available fr anyne t use. At this year’s I/O Cnference, a cmpany shwed a new vice technlgy able t prduce such a cnvincing human-sunding vice that it was able t speak t a receptinist and bk a reservatin withut detectin.
These develpments are likely t make ur current prblems with rbcalls much wrse. The reasn that rbcalls are a headache has less t d with amunt than precisin. A decade f data breaches(数据侵入) f persnal infrmatin has led t a situatin where scammers can easily learn yur mther’s name, and far mre. Armed with this knwledge, they’re able t carry ut individually targeted campaigns t cheat peple. This means, fr example, that a scammer culd call yu frm what lks t be a familiar number and talk t yu using a vice that sunds exactly like yur bank teller’s, tricking yu int “cnfirming” yur address, mther’s name, and card number. Scammers fllw mney, s cmpanies will be the wrst hit. A lt f business is still dne ver the phne, and much f it is based n trust and existing relatinships. Vice manipulatin technlgies may weaken that gradually.
We need t deal with the insecure nature f ur telecm netwrks. Phne carriers and cnsumers need t wrk tgether t find ways f determining and cmmunicating what is real. That might mean either develping a unifrm way t mark vides and images, shwing when and wh they were made by, r abandning phne calls altgether and mving twards data-based cmmunicatins—using apps like FaceTime r WhatsApp, which can be tied t yur identity.
Credibility is hard t earn but easy t lse, and the prblem is nly ging t get harder frm here n ut.
38. Hw des the authr feel abut the slutins t prblem f rbcalls?
A. Panicked.B. Cnfused.C. Embarrassed.D. Disappinted.
39. Taking advantage f the new technlgies, scammer can ________.
A. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easily
C start campaigns rapidlyD. spread infrmatin widely
40. What des the passage imply?
A. Hnesty is the best plicy.
B. Technlgies can be duble-edged.
C. There are mre slutins than prblems.
D. Credibility hlds the key t develpment.
41. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Where the Prblem f Rbcalls Is Rted
B. Wh Is t Blame fr the Prblem f Rbcalls
C. Why Rbcalls Are Abut t Get Mre Dangerus
D. Hw Rbcalls Are Affecting the Wrld f Technlgy
D
By the end f the century, if nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.
At the heart f the phenmenn lie tiny marine micrrganisms(海洋微生物) called phytplanktn. Because f the way light reflects ff the rganisms, these phytplanktn create clurful patterns at the cean surface. Ocean clur varies frm green t blue, depending n the type and cncentratin f phytplanktn. Climate change will fuel the grwth f phytplanktn in sme areas, while reducing it in ther spts, leading t changes in the cean’s appearance.
Phytplanktn live at the cean surface, where they pull carbn dixide(二氧化碳) int the cean while giving ff xygen. When these rganisms die, they bury carbn in the deep cean, an imprtant prcess that helps t regulate the glbal climate. But phytplanktn are vulnerable t the cean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics f the cean and can affect phytplanktn grwth, since they need nt nly sunlight and carbn dixide t grw, but als nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center fr Glbal Change Science, built a climate mdel that prjects changes t the ceans thrughut the century. In a wrld that warms up by 3℃, it fund that multiple changes t the clur f the ceans wuld ccur. The mdel prjects that currently blue areas with little phytplanktn culd becme even bluer. But in sme waters, such as thse f the Arctic, a warming will make cnditins riper fr phytplanktn, and these areas will turn greener. “Nt nly are the quantities f phytplanktn in the cean changing. ” she said, “but the type f phytplanktn is changing.”
And why des that matter? Phytplanktn are the base f the fd web. If certain kinds begin t disappear frm the cean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type f fish that will be able t survive.” Thse kinds f changes culd affect the fd chain.
Whatever clur changes the cean experiences in the cming decades will prbably be t gradual and unnticeable, but they culd mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while befre we can statistically shw that the changes are happening because f climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the clur f the cean will be ne f the early warning signals that we really have changed ur planet.”
42. What are the first tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. The varius patterns at the cean surface.
B. The cause f the changes in cean clur.
C. The way light reflects ff marine rganisms.
D. The effrts t fuel the grwth f phytplanktn.
43. What des the underlined wrd “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant.D. Unnticeable.
44. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Phytplanktn play a declining rle in the marine ecsystem.
B. Dutkiewicz’s mdel aims t prject phytplanktn changes.
C. Phytplanktn have been used t cntrl glbal climate.
D. Oceans with mre phytplanktn may appear greener.
45. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A T assess the cnsequences f cean clur changes.
B. T analyse the cmpsitin f the cean fd chain.
C. T explain the effects f climate change n ceans.
D. T intrduce a new methd t study phytplanktn.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much f the wrk in tday’s wrld is accmplished(完成) in teams. Mst peple believe the best way t build a great team is t gather a grup f the mst talented individuals. ___46___Cmpanies spend millins hiring tp business peple. Is their mney well spent?
___47___They fcused n ftball, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. Fr ftball and basketball, adding talented players t a team prves a gd methd, but nly up t the pint where 70% f the players are tp talent; abve that level, the team’s perfrmance begins t decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additinal individual talent keeps imprving the team’s perfrmance.
T explain this phenmenn, the researchers explred the degree t which a gd perfrmance by a team requires its members t crdinate(协调) their actins. ___48___In baseball, the perfrmance f individual players is less dependent n teammates. They cnclude that when task interdependence is high, team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent, while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer. If a basketball star is, fr example, trying t gain a high persnal pint ttal, he may take a sht himself when it wuld be better t pass the ball t a teammate, affecting the team’s perfrmance. Yung children learning t play team sprts are ften tld, “There is n I in TEAM.” ___49___
Anther pssibility is that when there is a lt f talent n a team, sme players may make less effrt. Just as in a game f tug-f-war(拔河比赛), whenever a persn is added, everyne else pulls the rpe with less frce.
___50___ An A-team may require a balance--nt just A players, but a few generus B players as well.
A. It’s nt a simple matter t determine the nature f talent.
B. Sprts team wners spend millins f dllars attracting tp talent.
C. The grup interactin and its effect drew the researchers’ attentin.
D. Stars apparently d nt fllw this basic principle f sprtsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the rle f talent in the sprts wrld.
F. Building up a dream team is mre cmplex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball frm ftball and basketball.
第三部分:书面表达(共两节，35分)
第一节 (15分)
51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 交通出行；
2. 必备衣物。
注意：
1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(20分)
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：西瓜watermeln
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cuntry
Schedule
4-week prgrammes
7-week prgrammes
Algeria
5 Jul. — 1 Aug.
20 Jun — 7 Aug.
Egypt
24 Jul. — 20 Aug.
19 Jun. — 6 Aug.
Kenya
20 Jul. — 16 Aug.
18 Jun. — 5 Aug.
Suth Africa
2 Aug. — 29 Aug.
15 Jun. — 2 Aug.
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