2018届高三英语二轮复习试题：专题三第三讲　推理判断题 课时作业 Word版含解析

这是一份2018届高三英语二轮复习试题：专题三第三讲　推理判断题 课时作业 Word版含解析，共12页。
(2017·东北三省四市高考模拟)As her sn Camern sits at his laptp cmpleting a task fr his math degree curse, Alisn Thmpsn, a full­time mum, is busy helping her daughter Emma(tw years yunger than Camern) get dressed. While help has always been available fr Emma, Alisn and her husband als have t fight t get Camern the supprt he needs. “Peple culd see that Emma has special needs but because Camern was ding s well at schl, his teachers never thught there was a prblem with him，” says Alisn.
It tk Alisn and her husband a while t realize their sn was different. Camern’s ability didn’t becme clear until he began primary schl. Once he even crrected the teacher when she tld the class that zer was the lwest number. Camern tld her she was wrng because there were negative numbers(负数). He was fur at the time. Nw 14­year­ld Camern is at secndary schl, studying fr a distance learning math degree with the Open University, having__sailed__thrugh__his__GCSE at 11 and his A­level at 12, achieving tp grades.
Bethany, anther daughter f Alisn, is bright t but nt gifted. She is the ne wh will remind absent­minded Camern t put n his cat. She als helps him ut in scial situatins.
Emma attends a specialist schl and the family is quick t celebrate her successes t. “The ther day she did up the buttns n her cat, which was real prgress，” Alisn says.
Late last year the Thmpsns tk part in a televisin dcumentary(纪录片) t prve that nt all gifted children are the result f extremely ambitius parents. Gifted children need supprt t and their lives dn’t have t be that different. Camern is an example.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇记叙文。通过讲述Thmpsn一家人的生活说明了任何孩子都需要亲人的支持和帮助，天才儿童的生活也如此。
1．What des Paragraph 1 indicate?
A．Camern helps Emma with her math tasks.
B．Teachers at schl ignred Emma’s prblems.
C．Bth Camern and Emma need parental supprt.
D．The cuple ften have fights because f Camern.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“While help has always been available fr Emma, Alisn and her husband als have t fight t get Camern the supprt he needs.”可知，Emma和Camern都需要父母的支持，故C项正确。
2．What des the underlined phrase “having sailed thrugh his GCSE” prbably mean?
A．Having passed his GCSE easily.
B．Having taken his GCSE seriusly.
C．Having wrked hard at his GCSE.
D．Having suffered a lt frm his GCSE.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章画线短语后的“at 11 and his A­level at 12, achieving tp grades”可知，Camern在11岁就通过了GCSE考试，在12岁则通过了A­level阶段的学习，故画线短语意为“轻而易举地通过GCSE考试”。
3．There are ________peple in Mrs. Thmpsn’s family.
A．three B．fur
C．five D．six
C 解析：细节理解题。文章提到了Thmpsn夫妇、儿子Camern、女儿Emma和Bethany，所以Thmpsn一家共5个人。
4．What can be cncluded frm the passage?
A．Emma has learned t take gd care f herself.
B．Camern shwed his gifts befre primary schl.
C．The children f the family are bright and gifted.
D．Gifted kids are nt s different as peple expect.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Gifted children need supprt t and their lives dn’t have t be that different.”可知，天才儿童也需要支持，他们的生活不一定和别人不一样，即天才儿童不像人们所期望的那样事事不同于常人，故选D项。
B
(2017·烟台诊断)In an effrt t discurage peple frm using plastics, scientists have been hard at wrk inventing alternative packaging prducts. Frm water bttles made frm seaweed t cutlery(餐具) made frm rice and wheat, a number f inventins are set t change the way we eat while we are n the g, r having a relaxing picnic in the park.
The idea f using seaweed t make ec­friendly(环保的) water bttles has been arund fr a few years. Recently, Ari Jnssn tk his inventin—a water bttle made frm red seaweed—t shw ff at a festival. The bttles will nly hld their shape as lng as they are filled. As sn as these bttles are empty they will begin t break dwn, thugh they wuld be perfectly safe t eat.Ari Jnssn’s bttles are a step clser t a widely used alternative t the current plastic nes.
The eatable water cntainer is nt the nly prduct t add t ur image f the future. Narayana Pessapaty has als created eatable spns. After the success f his spns, Mr. Pessapaty is ready t expand and intrduce frks and chpsticks t his menu. His aim is t largely reduce the amunt f plastic waste, which is a huge prblem fr waste sites all ver the wrld. It is a prduct that may take up t 500 years t break dwn, and recycling cmpanies wrldwide are struggling t deal with it.
Aside frm the bvius benefits t the envirnment, this new packaging is als cheap t prduce and therefre cheap t buy. Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at hme, pssibly a science prject fr children r just fun with friends. Why nt get experimenting and create yur wn recipes?
[解题导语] 为了阻止人们使用塑料包装，本文介绍了科学家发明的可食用的、环保的包装替代产品。
5．Why d scientists invent alternative packaging prducts?
A．T make peple’s life mre cnvenient.
B．T reduce the amunt f plastic waste.
C．T change the way we picnic utside.
D．T shw ff their inventive talents.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“In an effrt t discurage peple frm using plastics...”可知，为了阻止人们使用塑料包装，科学家们发明了可替代的包装产品。故选B项。
6．What makes Ari Jnssn’s water bttles ec­friendly?
A．They can be made at hme.
B．They are cheap t prduce and buy.
C．They will hld their shape when they are filled.
D．They will break dwn themselves when empty.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“As sn as these bttles are empty they will begin t break dwn...”可知，水瓶一空，它们就会分解。也就是说，它们在被倒空时，会自己分解，所以使得这些水瓶很环保。故选D项。
7．What d Ari and Narayana’s inventins have in cmmn?
A．They are cnvenient t carry.
B．They are safe t eat.
C．They can be used fr a shrt time.
D．They are heavier than plastics.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“ they wuld be perfectly safe t eat”及第三段第二句“Narayana Pessapaty has als created eatable spns.”可知，两人发明物的共同特点是它们都是可安全食用的。故选B项。
8．What can be inferred frm this passage?
A．Hme­made eatable cutlery is likely t be ppular.
B．Eatable cutlery will cmpletely replace plastics in the near future.
C．N recycling cmpanies can break dwn plastic waste.
D．It’s unsafe fr individuals t invent eatable cutlery at hme.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at hme, pssibly a science prject fr children r just fun with friends.”可知，类似的可食用餐具可在家里自制，由此可猜测，这种餐具可能会变得很受欢迎。故选A项。
C
(2017·太原二模)“Stp all the rushing and screaming: t much excitement is bad fr families. Kids are missing ut n an essential life—relaxed dwn time，” says Dr. Charltte Reznick.
“Parents wrk, and kids d scheduled activities—there’s little family time withut pressure，” says Reznick. “One parent is taking the sn t a sccer game, and the ther parent is taking the daughter t her swim meet. Then there’s the art class, baseball practice, extra tutring, and mre! By the time the family meet up fr dinner, everyne is exhausted.”
All the rushing makes fr a shrt temper. “When parents are reduced t shuting at their children t get them t listen, they lwer their wn self­esteem as well as lsing the respect f their children，” says Dr. Carl Pickhardt. “While parents think it shws they’re serius abut what they’re saying, they are really just shwing helpless desperatin at nt getting their way.”
These days what kids are learning at schl and frm the utside is a lt greater than it used t be even just a generatin ag.
“The prblem is that stress relieving activities—reading, taking walks r ht baths, watching the sunset and ther activities are nt even part f mst kids’ experience any mre，” says Reznick.
“There are s many mre scial interactin pprtunities in ur cmputer age, but nt all f them prmte meaningful cnnectins, which is anther ptential utlet fr stress，” she says.
One way t relieve stress is a simple technique called “the balln breath”. It’s a great way fr everyne t becme calm s that they can respnd thughtfully rather than just react.
Here’s hw t d it. Imagine a deflated(未充气的) balln in yur stmach—abut tw t three inches belw yur navel(肚脐). Slwly breathe in t a cunt f and feel the lwer belly expand, and flatten as yu slwly breathe ut t a cunt f
[解题导语] 本文主要讲述了如何缓解孩子们的压力。
9．What can we infer frm the secnd paragraph?
A．Kids can hardly enjy family time due t heavy burdens.
B．Saturday is the nly leisurely day f the week fr kids.
C．The life f kids is becming rich due t extra classes.
D．Parents have n time n weekends t care fr their kids.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“By the time the family meet up fr dinner, everyne is exhausted.”和本段的整体内容可推知，如今孩子们的负担沉重，几乎无法享受家庭时间，故选A。
10．What des Dr. Carl Pickhardt think f parents when they yell?
A．They have n self­cnfidence.
B．They take what they say seriusly.
C．They are always behaving like children.
D．They are less respected and seem desperate.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“lsing the respect f their children”和最后一句“While parents think it shws they’re serius abut what they’re saying, they are really just shwing helpless desperatin at nt getting their way.”可知，Dr.Carl Pickhardt认为，父母在大吼大叫时，孩子们对他们的尊重会减少，也显示出父母无助的绝望，故选D。
11．What is the functin f “the balln breath” accrding t the seventh paragraph?
A．T make ne cl dwn.
B．T test ne’s patience.
C．T raise ne’s awareness.
D．T fill a balln with air.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第二句“It’s a great way fr everyne t becme calm s that they can respnd thughtfully rather than just react.”可知，这种方法的作用是使人们冷静下来，故选A。
12．What is the purpse f the authr writing this passage?
A．T tell educatrs t be patient.
B．T advise parents nt t make life t stressful fr kids.
C．T encurage kids t pursue creativity.
D．T shw that kids need patience and lve frm their parents.
B 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是如何缓解孩子们的重压，这是给父母提出的建议，故选B。
专题强化训练14 推理判断题——观点态度类/文章出处类[学生用书P103(单独成册)]
A
(2017·河南开封一模)Accrding t the Glbal Times, it is reprted that tw nline vides shwing children telling their parents “I lve yu” have gne viral in China. The first, filmed by an Anhui TV statin, shws a number f cllege students telling their parents they lve them. The respnses are mixed. “Are yu drunk？” asked ne parent. In anther similar vide, sht by a Shanxi TV statin, a father respnded even less patiently—“I’m ging t a meeting, s cut the crap.”
Why dn’t Chinese families use thse wrds? Theries revlve arund the nature f Cnfucian teaching. “The parents’ respnses shw that many Chinese are nt gd at expressing psitive emtins，” Xia Xueluan, a scilgist frm Peking University, tld the Glbal Times. “They are used t educating children with negative language.”
This isn’t the first time that China has dne sme sul­searching abut familial lve—last year China Daily asked a crss­sectin f peple if they said “I lve yu” t their parents，spuses, and children. “I have never said ‘I lve yu’ t my family, and I dn’t think I will in the future，” ne 56­year­ld man tld the paper. “Saying it alud is embarrassing fr me.”
Still, that desn’t mean that lve can’t be expressed. In a separate article, China Daily spke t Zha Mengmeng, a 31­year­ld wman wh said she had never tld her father she lved him face­t­face(“I find it a bit dd”). Smetimes actins speak luder than wrds. Zha gave her father a pht album featuring phtgraphs f them tgether n almst every ne f her birthdays in June 2012. The pictures went viral nline, being frwarded hundreds f thusands f times n Weib.
“I didn’t sleep the night I heard abut it，” her father tld China Daily after the stry attracted mainstream attentin. “I have nw memrized sme f the cmments n the cllectin f pictures.”
[解题导语] 中国人一直以含蓄著称，这一特点在向家人表达爱时也不例外。近来，两段视频引起了轰动，文章对此作了介绍。作者运用大量例子解释了中国人为什么不直接说“我爱你”，并列举了其独特的表达方式。
1．What can we infer frm the text?
A．It is nt direct fr Chinese families t say “I lve yu”．
B．Chinese parents are t prud t express “I lve yu”．
C．Chinese parents are gd at expressing psitive emtins.
D．Yung parents in China are willing t express “I lve yu”．
A 解析：推理判断题。文章第三段引入一位被采访者的观点：Saying it alud is embarrassing fr me.，下一段介绍了中国人对父母表达爱的特点：Smetimes actins speak luder than wrds.，即用行动而不是语言来向父母表达自己的爱，并列举事例进行证明。由此可推断，中国人通常不会向家人直接表达爱。故选A项。
2．Why dn’t Chinese parents express “I lve yu” t their children?
A．Because they can’t express it.
B．Because they are nt in the habit f expressing s.
C．Because they think it unnecessary.
D．Because they think it shuld be dne nly amng yung cuples.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“I have never said ‘I lve yu’ t my family, and I dn’t think I will in the future，” ne 56­year­ld man tld the paper. “Saying it alud is embarrassing fr me.”可知，中国的父母不习惯这样表达。
3．Zha Mengmeng expressed “I lve yu” t her father by ________．
A．giving him an album cntaining their phts
B．kissing her father’s face and telling him by wrds
C．speaking it ut bravely in a TV prgram
D．writing ut the three wrds in a letter
A 解析：细节理解题。题干关键信息为Zha Mengmeng，根据文章倒数第二段倒数第二句Zha gave her father a pht album featuring phtgraphs f them tgether n almst every ne f her birthdays...可知，赵萌萌送给爸爸一个相册，里面是他们的照片，以此来表达对父亲的爱。故选A项。
4．What’s the authr’s attitude tward the statements abut “I lve yu”？
A．Oppsed. B．Objective.
C．Critical. D．Indifferent.
B 解析：推理判断题。作者通过随机调查告诉我们，中国人为什么不习惯对家人说“I lve yu”，在分析完原因后，又通过具体的例子告诉我们中国人如何用一种含蓄的方式向家人表达爱。所有这些，作者只是在客观描述，没有添加自己的感情倾向。故选B项，bjective意为“客观的”。
B
(2017·福建泉州检测)We knw a lt abut the advantages and disadvantages f reading a hard­cpy bk vs. reading electrnically. The prblem is, many f us refuse t listen.
Dn’t get me wrng: Digital reading has sme real advantages. Ask peple what they like mst abut reading n digital screens, and yu hear ver and ver again abut cnvenience. Mre pints fr digital reading：e­bks tend t be cheaper. There’s als the envirnmental argument. Think f the trees!
Yet the sundness f this case is arguable. The earth metals t build e­readers are nt just rare but highly pisnus. And think abut all that energy needed t run servers and cling fans. And remember, trees are a renewable resurce.
Then, there’s the appeal f a hard cpy. Many peple prefer print when reading bth fr pleasure and fr schl r wrk. Drawing examples frm my wn research, sme f the reasns are aesthetic(美学的). Others invlve a sense f accmplishment, ease f anntatin(“I can write n the pages”), and navigatin(“easy t lcate where I was”). Meanwhile, I hear abundant cmplaints abut eye strain(眼疲劳) and headaches when using screens.
Much f what students liked abut reading print invlved their minds. They say “it’s easier t fcus”. Sme als acknwledged they tk mre time with printed text and read mre carefully.
But what makes the failure f electrnic reading is cncentratin. Mre than 92% f thse I surveyed said they cncentrated best when reading a hard cpy. When a digital device has an Internet cnnectin, it’s hard t resist the temptatin(诱惑)．
S if digital interruptins dn’t threaten yur enjyment r understanding f a text, then medium may nt matter. Casual reading like David Baldacci? If yu break t check sprts scres, there will be little harm dne. But just dn’t expect t understand Jyce’s nvels this way.
[解题导语] 文章主要介绍了在网络高度发达的社会中，电子书有愈来愈替代纸质书的趋势，然而作者通过对比两者的优缺点表达了对纸质书的青睐。
5．What is an advantage f reading a hard­cpy bk?
A．It is cheaper.
B．It is easier t carry arund.
C．It helps peple think deeper.
D．It prvides instant infrmatin.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知，读纸质书能让人更专注、更认真，因此思考更深入。故选C项。
6．What’s the biggest prblem f reading digitally?
A．Envirnmental cncern.
B．Physical discmfrt.
C．Lack f cncentratin.
D．Internet cnnectin.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一句But what makes the failure f electrnic reading is cncentratin.可知，电子书阅读的最大问题是缺乏专注。故选C项。
7．What’s the authr’s attitude tward e­reading?
A．Supprtive. B．Disapprving.
C．Optimistic. D．Uncncerned.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三至六段尤其是最后一段可知，作者认为，如果电子阅读不会影响你阅读的愉悦感和对文本的理解，那么无可厚非。但是读类似乔伊斯的作品时就不是合适的选择了。由此可推测，作者对电子阅读持不赞成的态度。故选B项。
8．Hw is the passage mainly develped?
A．By analyzing pssible reasns.
B．By prviding typical examples.
C．By listing practical suggestins.
D．By presenting direct cmparisns.
D 解析：推理判断题。文章的第二段主要讲了电子书的好处，第三段讲了电子书的缺点，第四、五段主要讲了纸质书的益处，第六段讲了电子书的缺点。因此整个文章是通过比较来写作的。故选D项。
C
(2017·辽宁重点高中第三次联考)Thse wh claim bananas are fattening argue that bananas cause the bdy t make lts f insulin(胰岛素), and insulin causes fat grwth.
Hw much insulin we prduce is related t hw fast fd becmes sugar in ur bldstream. Hw can yu knw if fd makes a lt f sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数), r GI rating tells us. Fds with GI scres abve 75 are cnsidered high­GI fds, leading t faster sugar develpment. Bananas have a GI f 62, which is cnsidered lw.
Weight lss can be a struggle fr anyne, but it is especially hard fr diabetics(糖尿病患者). A study lked at hw the starch frm unripe bananas affected the weight f a grup f bese diabetics. After fur weeks f a diet high in bananas, diabetics lst significantly mre weight than n a cntrl diet. They als saw imprvements in insulin sensitivity frm the banana diet.
What’s mre, bananas have been shwn t cut risks f strkes, diabetes and cancers(Bananas are the mst pwerful fruit fr lwering the risk f kidney cancer.). Bananas are als a rich surce f fiber, which has been shwn t help weight lss. Bananas that still have sme green n the skin are even higher in fiber.
Skins frm green bananas can be taken and, after remving the stem and dark tip, cut int small pieces 2－3 inches lng and 1/2 inch wide. These pieces can be made int a tea r added t a dish. When yu eat the skins, be sure yu are eating rganic bananas. The flesh f regular bananas is lw in pesticides, but the skins are nt.
[解题导语] 本文反驳了“吃香蕉会使人发胖”这一错误观点，告诉大家香蕉不会使身体分泌很多胰岛素而导致脂肪增加，相反，香蕉对身体健康有着诸多好处。
9．What cnclusin can we draw frm Paragraphs 1 & 2?
A．Bananas are likely t make peple fat.
B．Insulin determines the amunt f sugar.
C．Lw­GI fds can turn int sugar mre slwly.
D．The faster the fd becmes sugar, the less insulin.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hw can yu knw if fd makes a lt f sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数)． sugar develpment.”可知，血糖指数高的食物往往能更快地转化成糖分，反之，血糖指数低的食物转化成糖分的速度较慢。故选C。
10．What des the authr say abut bananas?
A．Including bananas in diets is gd fr health.
B．Bananas can cure peple suffering kidney cancer.
C．Eating rganic bananas can prtect peple frm strkes.
D．Bananas’ abundant fiber imprves insulin sensitivity.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“ lst significantly mre weight than n a cntrl diet. They als saw imprvements in insulin sensitivity frm the banana diet.”及第四段的“bananas have been shwn t cut risks f strkes, diabetes and lss.”可知，香蕉可以帮助人们减肥，也能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，由此可得出这样的结论：将香蕉列入日常饮食对人们的健康有益，故选A。
11．What is discussed in the last paragraph?
A．The use f banana skins.
B．The benefits f banana skins.
C．The imprtance f banana skins.
D．The ways f chsing rganic bananas.
A 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“can be made int a tea r added t a dish”可知，本段主要讲的是香蕉皮的用途。故选A。
12．In which sectin f a newspaper can we read this passage?
A．Educatin. B．Health.
C．Culture. D．Science.
B 解析：推理判断题。纵观全文可知，香蕉不仅有助于减肥，还能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，而且香蕉皮也有用处。由此可知，本文最有可能出现在报纸的健康专栏。故选B。