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人教版 (新课标)选修7&8Unit 3 Under the sea课堂教学ppt课件
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这是一份人教版 (新课标)选修7&8Unit 3 Under the sea课堂教学ppt课件，共45页。PPT课件主要包含了预习案 ，先行词，关系词，WHY，探究案 ，高考题链接，难点二综合考查，能力提高， 训练案，that等内容，欢迎下载使用。
复习限定性定语从句。2. 正确的选用关系代词和关系副词。
本节课主要是复习已学的定语从句,让学生能回顾定语从句的基础知识,包括理解什么是先行词,什么是关系词,关系词的种类包括哪些,关系词在句中所起的作用等,其次从七个方面帮助学生真正掌握并运用好定语从句,这七个方面具体如下:1.指物时只用that 或which 的情况2.the way用做先行词3.介词+关系代词4.Whse 用法及转换形式5.指人时that 与wh的区别6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题 课件中配备了大量的难度适当的练习，让学生马上学以致用，也能及时发现问题，解决问题。
Revisin （复习）
观察下列句子注意划线部分1 The by wh/that is smiling is Tm.2 Mary have read all the bks （that） I lent her.3 Jim is the by whse hat is red.4 D yu knw the wman whm ur teacher is talking t?.
5 This is the reasn why/fr which I was late this mrning.6 I will never frget the day when/n which I graduated frm cllege.7 This is the place where/at which I was brn.
Revisin （复习）
：是指在复合句中，修饰 或 的从句. :被定语从句所修饰的 或 :引导定语从句的词
I. Revisin 概述：
wh, whm, whse, which, that ，as.
地点：where时间：when原因：why
The by wh is reading is Tm.
The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句The Nn-restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句
Restrictive Attributive Clause
Mary is a girl wh has lng hair.
The strucure f an attributive clause
缺少主语/宾语/状语/定语，但必须有谓语。
已经作定语从句中的成分
1.The man___________ came t ur schl is girl___________I met just nw is child_________ parents are dead is called Tm.4.A clck is a machine___________tells peple time.
wh / that
which / that
Exercise
5. I like the bk______________yu bught 6. He tld me the reasn _____ he was late?7. September 1st is the date _____ we g t schl.8. This is the huse ______ I lived fr tw years.
that / which
Summary： The usage f the relative prnuns
Summary：the usage f the relative adverb
1.指物时只用that 或which 的情况2.the way用做先行词3.介词+关系代词4.Whse 用法及转换形式5.指人时that 与wh的区别6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题
Restrictive Attributive clause 限制性定语从句
1. This is all ____ I knw abut the matter. A. that B. what C. wh D. whether2. Is there anything else _____ yu require? A. which B. that C. wh D. what3. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it
that 与which 的区别
先行词为all, little, much, everything, nthing, smething, anything等不定代词时，关系代词用
4. He talked happily abut the men and bks_____ interested him greatly in the schl. A. which B. that C. it D. whm5. There is n dictinary _____ yu can find everything in.A. that B. which C. where D. in that
6. Is xygen the nly gas _____ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it
7. Which was the htel _____ was recmmended t yu? A. that B. which C. where D. it
先行词被all, little, much, every, n, 等修饰时
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the nly 等时。
若主句中有疑问代词 wh 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 wh, which，而用 that。
1. 先行词为all, little, much, everything, nthing, smething, anything等不定代词
2.先行词被all, little, much, every, n, 等修饰时。
3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the nly 等时。
4. 先行词为人和物的组合5.若主句中有疑问代词 wh 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 wh, which，而用 that。
that 与which 的区别
1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybdy in the ffice. A.which B. that C. this D.it
只用which的情况: 1.逗号后面 2.介词后面
2. The day ______ he was brn was Aug .20 , which B. that C. which D.this
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _________________he explained the sentence t us was nt difficult t understand. 2.The way _________________he tld us was quite simple.
that/ which/不填
that/in which/不填
the way用做先行词
3. What surprised me was nt what he said but _____ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
提醒: 介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键 是判断介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whm; 不可用that 或wh 代替
The man is frm Beijing University .I talked abut him at the meeting. The man (wh/whm/that) I talked abut at the meeting is frm Beijing University.
Jin them int ne sentence.
=The man abut I talked at the meeting is frm Beijing University.
关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whm。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不前置 .
Is this the bk (which/that) yu are lking fr ?
1. I’ve cme t the pint where I can’t stand him.2. The cuntry is in the situatin where a war will break ut at any time.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。
难点一：一些特殊词之后的where
解析：如果定语从句分别修饰pint, situatin, psitin ,part,cnditin和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。
1.We are trying t reach a pint ____ bth sides will sit dwn tgether and talk. A. which B. that C. where D. when2. ---D yu have anything t say fr yurself? ---Yes, there’s ne pint ____ we must insist n . A. why B. where C. hw D. /
做题要灵活;要分析句子成分,选择恰当的关系词。
where\that1.This is the library_____I brrwed the is frm this library____I brrwed the bk.
3. ---Where did yu last see Mr. Smith? ---It was in the htel____ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when
近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。
Whse 用法及转换形式
1. whse引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。That’s the child whse father is a teacher.
D yu knw the wman whse husband is a dctr?This is a bk whse cver is green.
2.whse引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。
3. whse的先行词指物时, 可用f which代替, 但词序不同，即whse+名词=the +n + f which =f which + the + n.
He lives in the rm whse windw faces suth.
= He lives in the rm, faces suth.
= He lives in the rm, faces suth.
the windw f which
f which the windw
Anyne _____breaks the law is punished.Thse _____ break the law are punished.He _____ breaks the law is punished.
在anyne, thse, he/she/I / they作先行词时, 用”wh” 代替 “that”.
that 与wh的区别
选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点：1.先行词2.关系词在从句中充当的成分
如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词
I will never frget the day _____ I first went t schl. I will never frget the day _______ we spent in Beijing. The huse __________ we visited is being repaired nw. The huse ______ Luxun nce lived is being repaired nw.
(which/that)
定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。 1.I am nt ne wh ____afraid f difficulty．2.Dn ’t chse me, wh _____nt fit fr this jb．
定语从句中主谓一致问题
3. This is ne f the best bks _______. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have written4. She is the nly ne f the girls ___ well in class. A. which sings B. wh sing C. wh sings D. wh t sing
1. 分不清关系词在从句中所担任的成分.(1) I’m very glad t return t my hmetwn ________I had lived fr 10 years.(2) This is my hmetwn ________I used t talk abut t yu.(3) I think I can understand the reasn_____ he didn’t tell the truth t me.(4) N ne believes the reasn __________he gave us abut his absence at the meeting.
I.定语从句常见错误（难点重点突破）
2. 把含有被动语态的定语从句与过去分词作定语混淆。The huse was built 100 years ag is still there. The huse built 100 years ag is still there. The huse which/that was built 100 years ag is still there. Many ther materials such as cttn and wl als cme frm plants and animals _________(raise) n farms.The snake that__________ (save) by the farm wke up, bit the farmer and ran away.
3. 因混淆定语从句、并列句，错用普通代词和关系词。She failed in the test again, and which disappinted her parents. She failed in the test again, it disappinted her parents. She failed in the test again, which disappinted her parents. She failed in the test again, and it disappinted her parents. She failed in the test again. And it/ It disappinted her parents.
4. 混淆定语从句与强调句型It is the factry _____ Mr. Wang wrks． It is in the factry _____ Mr. Wang wrks．It is n the island _____ they spent 10 years.It is the island _______ they spent 10 years.It is n the date _______ she went abrad. It is the date ________ she went abrad.
5. 在写作中常见错误1) 在从句中使用了多余的代词I’ll give yu the bk which yu’ll find it interesting.2) 遗漏了关系词I met the man stle my watch.3) 遗漏了应带的介词Let’s find a rm which we can put ur things.4) 从句主谓一致I wn’t tell yu the name f the persn wh teach me English.
II.Crrect the sentences:
1. I’m using the pen which he bught it yesterday.2. The man whm I spke is frm Canada.3. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never frget.
4. I’m ging t wrk in the hspital where needs me.5. Thse that haven’t been t the West Lake will gather at the schl gate.
6.This is the last time when I’ve given yu lessns.7. The reasn which he explained it t us again sunds reasnable.
1. Try t find all the sentences with attributive clauses in the passage.2. Finish ff the exercises in yur learning papers.
复习限定性定语从句。2. 正确的选用关系代词和关系副词。
本节课主要是复习已学的定语从句,让学生能回顾定语从句的基础知识,包括理解什么是先行词,什么是关系词,关系词的种类包括哪些,关系词在句中所起的作用等,其次从七个方面帮助学生真正掌握并运用好定语从句,这七个方面具体如下:1.指物时只用that 或which 的情况2.the way用做先行词3.介词+关系代词4.Whse 用法及转换形式5.指人时that 与wh的区别6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题 课件中配备了大量的难度适当的练习，让学生马上学以致用，也能及时发现问题，解决问题。
Revisin （复习）
观察下列句子注意划线部分1 The by wh/that is smiling is Tm.2 Mary have read all the bks （that） I lent her.3 Jim is the by whse hat is red.4 D yu knw the wman whm ur teacher is talking t?.
5 This is the reasn why/fr which I was late this mrning.6 I will never frget the day when/n which I graduated frm cllege.7 This is the place where/at which I was brn.
Revisin （复习）
：是指在复合句中，修饰 或 的从句. :被定语从句所修饰的 或 :引导定语从句的词
I. Revisin 概述：
wh, whm, whse, which, that ，as.
地点：where时间：when原因：why
The by wh is reading is Tm.
The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句The Nn-restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句
Restrictive Attributive Clause
Mary is a girl wh has lng hair.
The strucure f an attributive clause
缺少主语/宾语/状语/定语，但必须有谓语。
已经作定语从句中的成分
1.The man___________ came t ur schl is girl___________I met just nw is child_________ parents are dead is called Tm.4.A clck is a machine___________tells peple time.
wh / that
which / that
Exercise
5. I like the bk______________yu bught 6. He tld me the reasn _____ he was late?7. September 1st is the date _____ we g t schl.8. This is the huse ______ I lived fr tw years.
that / which
Summary： The usage f the relative prnuns
Summary：the usage f the relative adverb
1.指物时只用that 或which 的情况2.the way用做先行词3.介词+关系代词4.Whse 用法及转换形式5.指人时that 与wh的区别6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题
Restrictive Attributive clause 限制性定语从句
1. This is all ____ I knw abut the matter. A. that B. what C. wh D. whether2. Is there anything else _____ yu require? A. which B. that C. wh D. what3. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it
that 与which 的区别
先行词为all, little, much, everything, nthing, smething, anything等不定代词时，关系代词用
4. He talked happily abut the men and bks_____ interested him greatly in the schl. A. which B. that C. it D. whm5. There is n dictinary _____ yu can find everything in.A. that B. which C. where D. in that
6. Is xygen the nly gas _____ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it
7. Which was the htel _____ was recmmended t yu? A. that B. which C. where D. it
先行词被all, little, much, every, n, 等修饰时
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the nly 等时。
若主句中有疑问代词 wh 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 wh, which，而用 that。
1. 先行词为all, little, much, everything, nthing, smething, anything等不定代词
2.先行词被all, little, much, every, n, 等修饰时。
3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the nly 等时。
4. 先行词为人和物的组合5.若主句中有疑问代词 wh 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 wh, which，而用 that。
that 与which 的区别
1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybdy in the ffice. A.which B. that C. this D.it
只用which的情况: 1.逗号后面 2.介词后面
2. The day ______ he was brn was Aug .20 , which B. that C. which D.this
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _________________he explained the sentence t us was nt difficult t understand. 2.The way _________________he tld us was quite simple.
that/ which/不填
that/in which/不填
the way用做先行词
3. What surprised me was nt what he said but _____ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
提醒: 介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键 是判断介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whm; 不可用that 或wh 代替
The man is frm Beijing University .I talked abut him at the meeting. The man (wh/whm/that) I talked abut at the meeting is frm Beijing University.
Jin them int ne sentence.
=The man abut I talked at the meeting is frm Beijing University.
关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whm。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不前置 .
Is this the bk (which/that) yu are lking fr ?
1. I’ve cme t the pint where I can’t stand him.2. The cuntry is in the situatin where a war will break ut at any time.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。
难点一：一些特殊词之后的where
解析：如果定语从句分别修饰pint, situatin, psitin ,part,cnditin和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。
1.We are trying t reach a pint ____ bth sides will sit dwn tgether and talk. A. which B. that C. where D. when2. ---D yu have anything t say fr yurself? ---Yes, there’s ne pint ____ we must insist n . A. why B. where C. hw D. /
做题要灵活;要分析句子成分,选择恰当的关系词。
where\that1.This is the library_____I brrwed the is frm this library____I brrwed the bk.
3. ---Where did yu last see Mr. Smith? ---It was in the htel____ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when
近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。
Whse 用法及转换形式
1. whse引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。That’s the child whse father is a teacher.
D yu knw the wman whse husband is a dctr?This is a bk whse cver is green.
2.whse引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。
3. whse的先行词指物时, 可用f which代替, 但词序不同，即whse+名词=the +n + f which =f which + the + n.
He lives in the rm whse windw faces suth.
= He lives in the rm, faces suth.
= He lives in the rm, faces suth.
the windw f which
f which the windw
Anyne _____breaks the law is punished.Thse _____ break the law are punished.He _____ breaks the law is punished.
在anyne, thse, he/she/I / they作先行词时, 用”wh” 代替 “that”.
that 与wh的区别
选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点：1.先行词2.关系词在从句中充当的成分
如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词
I will never frget the day _____ I first went t schl. I will never frget the day _______ we spent in Beijing. The huse __________ we visited is being repaired nw. The huse ______ Luxun nce lived is being repaired nw.
(which/that)
定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。 1.I am nt ne wh ____afraid f difficulty．2.Dn ’t chse me, wh _____nt fit fr this jb．
定语从句中主谓一致问题
3. This is ne f the best bks _______. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have written4. She is the nly ne f the girls ___ well in class. A. which sings B. wh sing C. wh sings D. wh t sing
1. 分不清关系词在从句中所担任的成分.(1) I’m very glad t return t my hmetwn ________I had lived fr 10 years.(2) This is my hmetwn ________I used t talk abut t yu.(3) I think I can understand the reasn_____ he didn’t tell the truth t me.(4) N ne believes the reasn __________he gave us abut his absence at the meeting.
I.定语从句常见错误（难点重点突破）
2. 把含有被动语态的定语从句与过去分词作定语混淆。The huse was built 100 years ag is still there. The huse built 100 years ag is still there. The huse which/that was built 100 years ag is still there. Many ther materials such as cttn and wl als cme frm plants and animals _________(raise) n farms.The snake that__________ (save) by the farm wke up, bit the farmer and ran away.
3. 因混淆定语从句、并列句，错用普通代词和关系词。She failed in the test again, and which disappinted her parents. She failed in the test again, it disappinted her parents. She failed in the test again, which disappinted her parents. She failed in the test again, and it disappinted her parents. She failed in the test again. And it/ It disappinted her parents.
4. 混淆定语从句与强调句型It is the factry _____ Mr. Wang wrks． It is in the factry _____ Mr. Wang wrks．It is n the island _____ they spent 10 years.It is the island _______ they spent 10 years.It is n the date _______ she went abrad. It is the date ________ she went abrad.
5. 在写作中常见错误1) 在从句中使用了多余的代词I’ll give yu the bk which yu’ll find it interesting.2) 遗漏了关系词I met the man stle my watch.3) 遗漏了应带的介词Let’s find a rm which we can put ur things.4) 从句主谓一致I wn’t tell yu the name f the persn wh teach me English.
II.Crrect the sentences:
1. I’m using the pen which he bught it yesterday.2. The man whm I spke is frm Canada.3. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never frget.
4. I’m ging t wrk in the hspital where needs me.5. Thse that haven’t been t the West Lake will gather at the schl gate.
6.This is the last time when I’ve given yu lessns.7. The reasn which he explained it t us again sunds reasnable.
1. Try t find all the sentences with attributive clauses in the passage.2. Finish ff the exercises in yur learning papers.
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