高中英语选修七教案：主从复合句及答案

这是一份人教版 (新课标)选修7&8选修7本册综合教学设计，共13页。教案主要包含了写作运用等内容，欢迎下载使用。


熟读深思
朗读下列各句, 并思考划线的从句在全句中作什么成分。
1.What he did made me extremely disappinted.他所做的事使我极度失望。（ ）
2.Whether(不用if) we will g picnicking tmrrw depends n the weather.明天是否去野餐要看天气而定。（ ）
3.My suggestin is that we shuld turn the land int rice fields.我的建议是: 我们应当把那片地变成稻田。（ ）
4.He said that he gt up late and that he was late fr class.他说他起迟了并且上课迟到了。
（ ）
5.She has made it clear that she will get married next mnth.她很清楚地表明将于下周结婚。（ ）
6.Our success depends n whether(不用if) everyne wrks hard. 我们的成功取决于大家是否努力。（ ）
7.Let me knw whether(不用if) r nt yu can cme.告诉我你能不能来。（ ）
8.The fact that he tells lies all the time makes me surprised. 他一直说谎这个事实使我感到惊讶。（ ）
9.She tk the advice that she wait till next week.她采纳了要她等到下周这个建议。（ ）
Keys: 1. 主语2主语3. 表语4. 宾语5. 宾语6. 宾语7. 宾语8. 同位语9. 同位语
归纳总结
1.定义：名词性从句, 顾名思义, 其用法相当于一个名词的用法, 在句中可用主语、表语、同位语、宾语, 分别叫做主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句。
2.引导词：
⑴that没有任何意义, 不作任何句子成分, 只起连接作用, 故常可省略；
⑵if/whether 有“是否” 之意；
⑶wh, which, what, when, where, hw, whever(凡是……的人)等连接代词或连接副词, 这些词本身有词义, 也作句子成分, 连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，连接副词在从句中作状语。
3.几点注意：
⑴主语从句作主语, 主句谓语动词通常用单数; 为使句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语。
⑵表语从句还可以用as if, as thugh引导。
⑶表示“是否”, 引导宾语从句时可用if或whether，但在介词后或直接与r nt连用时, 只能用whether引导(如6和7); 引导表语从句、同位语从句或位于句首的主语从句时, 只能用whether，不用if(如2)。
⑷同位语从句一般放在fact，news，idea， prmise，suggestin，advice 等抽象名词之后, 说明或解释这些抽象名词的具体内容。多用that引导，不能由which引导(如8和9)。
⑸当宾语从句又带有补语时，要用it作形式宾语(如5)。
⑹在表示“建议” “命令” “要求”，如advice，suggestin，prpsal，rder，demand, request等词后的名词性从句，其谓语通常用“(shuld＋)动词原形” (如3)。
⑺that引导名词性从句时, 没有任何意义, 也不作任何句子成分; 但that引导定语从句时,它代表先行词, 且在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。如：
I still remember the prmise that he made.我依然记得他许下的诺言。(是定语从句)
The naughty by made a prmise that he wuld never make a nise.那个淘气的孩子保证说他以后再也不吵闹了。(同位语从句)
⑻what可引导名词性从句但不能引导定语从句。what引导名词性从句, 有时相当于“the +名词＋that”, 表示“(所)……的”。又如,
What (=The thing that) yu said was right.你所说的是正确的。
状语从句
熟读深思
1.The plane had left when we gt t the airprt. 当我们到达机场时, 飞机已经飞走了。(不用while)
2.As time passed, the event became mre and mre ppular.随着时间推移，这项赛事变得越来越受欢迎。(不用when或while)
3.When winter cmes, it becmes cld. 每当冬天来临, 天就变冷。(不用as或while)
4.When yu have finished yur wrk, yu may have a rest. 当你完成工作后, 你可以休息。(不用as或while)
5.Please write while I read.我读的时候,请写下来。(不用as或when)
6.The mment I saw him, I recgnized him.我一看到他, 就认出了他。
8.Since everyne is here, let’s begin ur meeting. 既然大家都到了, 就开始开会吧。
9.As she’s been ill, perhaps she’ll need sme help.由于病了,她可能需要些帮助。
10.If yu will g with me, I’ll wait fr yu. 如果你愿意跟我去, 我就等你。
11.He wn’t succeed unless he wrks hard. 除非下苦功夫, 否则他是不会成功的。
12.I left at 6：00 s that/in rder that I culd catch the train.为了赶上火车, 我六点就出门了。
13.It was s ht that we wanted t g swimming.天气太热，我们想去游泳。
14.Hard as/thugh they tried (=Althugh/Thugh they tried hard), they culdn’t make her change her mind.尽管他们做了很大努力, 却没法让她改变主意。
15.The wrk is nt s difficult as yu imagine. 这工作不像你想象的那么困难。
16.D as I tld yu t.按我告诉你的那样做。
归纳总结
1.引导状语从句的从属连词：
2. 用法要点提示：
⑴在时间状语或条件状语从句中, 通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
⑵辨析：when，while，as引导时间状语从句。while必须与延续性动词连用；强调主句动作延续到从句所指的整个时间时, 只能用while(如5); 表示“随着” 只能用as (如2); 表示有规律的“每当” 时或主句动作与从句动作有先后时, 只能用when(如3和4)。
⑶辨析：because， since， as引导原因状语从句。because语气最强，表示直接的原因，是说话人认为对方不知道的原因，它引导的从句通常位于主句之后；在回答why时，或者在强调结构中，只能用because(如7)。since和as是对大家已知的事实提供理由或背景，它们引导的从句多位于主句前，有时也位于主句后。
⑷as引导让步状语从句时, 从句中的状语、表语或动词必须置于句首(如14); thugh引导让步状语从句, 这些成分可置于句首也可用正常语序; 但althugh等其它词引导的让步状语从句不能将这些成分前置。
⑸表示“虽然” 的连词不能与表示“但是” 的连词but连用；表示“原因” 的because等连词不可与表示结果的连词s等同时使用。
定语从句
熟读深思
朗读下列句子, 注意体会定语从句的用法。
1.This is the man wh helped me yesterday.这就是昨天帮助我的那个人。(作主语)
2.The teacher (wh/whm/that) yu want t see is cming.你要见的老师来了。(作see的宾语, 可以省略)
3.I met a by whse father was a astrnaut.我认识一位男孩, 他的父亲是宇航员。(作定语)
4.I like the bk which/that was bught yesterday.我喜欢昨天买的那本书。
5.This is the factry (which/that) we visited last year.这就是我们去年参观的那家工厂。(作visited的宾语, 可以省略)
6.He has a bk whse cver(=the cver f which) is very beautiful. 他有一本封面非常漂亮的书。
7.Last night I saw a very gd film, which (不用that) was abut the Secnd Wrld War.昨晚我看了一部非常优秀的影片, 这部影片是关于二战的。
8.Charles Smith, wh(不用that) was my frmer teacher, retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了, 他曾经是我的老师。
9.We must help thse wh(不用that) need help.我们应该帮助那些需要帮助的人。
10.All that(不用which) can be dne has been dne.能做的都已经做了。
11.This is the best that(不用which) has been used against pllutin.这是用来防止污染的最好办法。
12.They ften talk abut the peple and the things that(不用that) they are interested in.他们常常谈论那些他们感兴趣的人和事。
13.The time when (=at which) I first met Nelsn Mandela was a very difficult perid f my life.第一次见到纳尔逊·曼德拉的时候,是我一生中非常艰难的时期。
14.The schl where(=at/in which) I studied was 3 kilmeters away frm my hme. 我读过书的那所学校离我家有三公里远。
15.The reasn why(=fr which) he was late was that he missed his train. 他迟到是因为误了火车。
16.Dn’t frget the time (that/which) I’ve tld yu.别忘了我告诉你的时间。
17.The earthquake was felt in Beijing, which is mre than tw hundred kilmeters away. 两百公里以外的北京市都感到了地震。
18.The rm whse windw faces suth is mine.那间窗子朝南开的房间是我的。
19.That’s the reasns (that/which) he explained t us.这就是他向我们解释的理由。
归纳总结
1.定义：定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面，这个名词叫做先行词；连接主句与从句的词叫关系词。
2.关系词有三个作用：一是连接主句与从句；二是指代先行词；三是在从句中充当句子成分。
3.选择关系词的两条重要依据：先行词是人还是物？在从句中作何种句子成分？
⑴在限制性定语从句中which, wh, whm都可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常被省略。
⑵在非限制性定语从句中, 或者当先行词是指人的thse，anyne，everyne，peple， he，all，few，ne (s)等时, 不能用that引导。
⑶以下情况下一般用that：
①当先行词是指物的all，little，few， much，any，anything，everything， nthing，nne the ne时, 或先行词被all，little, few, much, any, every, n等修饰时；
②先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词(包括last，next)、最高级形容词及the nly，the very等修饰时；
③先行词包括人和物时；
⑷当先行词是表示时间、地点、原因(且只能是reasn)等, 且这些先行词在定语从句中作状语时, 就分别用when、where、why来引导定语从句。另外，when, where, why一般可用“介词+which” 替代, 其中reasn后的why通常用fr which替代。
特别提醒：当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的词语时, 不一定填关系副词when, where, why, 只有当这些词在定语从句中作状语时, 才会用关系副词, 否则要用关系代词。
“介词+关系代词(whm/which)”引导的定语从句
熟读深思
1.Have yu ever dreamed f playing in frnt f thusands f peple at a cncert, at which everyne is clapping and appreciating yur music？
2.They may start as a grup f high schl students, fr whm practising their music in smene’s huse is the first step t fame.
3.Later, they may give perfrmances in pubs r clubs, fr which they are paid in cash.
4.The musicians were t play jkes n each ther as well as play music, mst f which was based lsely n the Beatles.
5.Hwever, after a year r s in which they became mre serius abut their wrk.
6.The man with whm my father is talking nw is a pliceman.= The man (wh/whm/—)my father is talking with nw is a pliceman.
归纳总结
1.在“介词+关系代词” 中, 先行词指人时只能用_______, 先行词指物时只能用 ______; 但当介词不直接放在关系代词前面, 而位于定词从句末尾时, 先行指人时关系代词可以用_____/______/_______；先行指物时，关系代词可以用______/_____,这时这些关系代词往往可以省略。
Keys: whm，which，wh, whm, that, which, that
2. 研析句3()可知, 介词由定语从句中的 ________与介词的搭配关系来确定。由句1和句5可知, 介词由定语从句中的 _______ 来确定；有时需要根据全句的意思, 综合考虑才能确定。
Keys: 谓语动词，先行词
which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
熟读深思 熟读下列句子。
1.As is knwn t us all, the earth mves rund the sun.从所周知, 地球是围绕太阳运动的.
2.David, as yu knw, is a phtgrapher.戴维是个摄影师，你是知道的。(不可用which)
3.Li Ming is late, as is ften the case.李明迟到了, 这是经常发生的。(可用which)
4.Li Ming was late, which(=and this) made Mr. Zhang very angry.李明迟到了,这使张先生非常生气。(不可用as)
5.He married her, which was unexpected. 他和她结婚了, 这是出乎意料的。(不可用as)
归纳总结
当先行词是整个主句或主句的一部分时,这类非限制性定语从句只能由which或 as来引导。两者的区别在于：
1.which引导的定语从句只能位于主句后,而as引导的定语从句可位于主句前、中、后；
2.which常译作“这”; 而as常译作“正如”,且多与see, expect, imagine, knw, hpe等动词连用；
3.在定语从句中作主语时, 若用as, 其谓语部分一般有be; 若谓语是不含be的行为动词时, 要用which。
4.as 引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事，而which不受此限制；
5.as常用于固定搭配中：as is ften the case (这是常有的事), as we expected(不出所料); as ften happens(正如经常发生的那样); as is knwn t all (众所周知); as has been said befre (如上所述); as is mentined abve(正如上面所提到的)等等。
主从复合句与广东高考
主从复合句是广东高考语法填空的必考点，也是写作中必用的表达手段。
解题方法: 当空格前后都是句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子), 且这两个句子之间没有关联词时，应填关联词; 若其中一个句子是作整个句子的一个成分，如定语、状语(如时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等)，或者主语、宾语、表语、同位语等时，就要填引导从句的关联词。
根据一个句子在整个句子中所作句子成分确定从句类型后, 就根据该类从句的关联词的使用特点确定具体的关联词。
请根据以上技巧, 完成以下与主从复合句相关的历年高考试题。
1.My friends walked me t the bus stp and waited with me 17 ______the bus arrived.
2.Behind him were ther peple t ______ 21 he was trying t talk, ...
3.We understand this lessn best ______we receive gifts f lve frm children.
4.He filled his leather cntainer s that he culd bring sme back t an elder ______ had been his teacher.
5.Jane paused in frnt f a cunter _______sme attractive ties were n display.
6.One day, he came up with an idea _____ he wuld pluck up all f his crp a few inches. He did s the next day.
7.The head f the village was tying up his hrse t my car t pull it t a small twn sme 20 kilmeters away _____ there was a garage.
8. was wndering where I was ging t spend the night when I realized that the villagers wh had gathered arund me were arguing as t 32 ____ shuld have the hnur f receiving me as a guest in their huse.
灵活运用
1. Befre a prblem can be slved, it must be bvius _____ the prblem itself is.
2. It was never clear _____ the man hadn’t reprted the accident sner.
3. It is still under discussin _______the ld bus statin shuld be replaced with a mdern htel r nt.
4. I’m afraid he is mre f a talker than a der, which is ____ he never finishes anything.
5. The shcking news made me realize _____ terrible prblems we wuld face.
6. It is nt always easy fr the public t see _____use a new inventin can be f t human life.
7. I want t be liked and lved fr _____I am inside.
8. Part f the reasn Charles Dickens lved his wn nvel, David Cpperfield, was _____ it was rather clsely mdeled n his wn life.
9._____ sme peple regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many thers.
10. Cindy shut the dr heavily and burst int tears. N ne in the ffice knew _____ she was s angry.
11.—Have yu finished the bk？
— N. I’ve read up t _____the children discver the secret cave.
12. It never ccurred t me ____ yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.
13. ___________ all f them are strng candidates, nly ne will be chsen fr the pst.
14. T shw ur respect, we usually have t take ur glves ff ________we are t shake hands with.
15. It was April 29, 2001 _____ Prince William and Kate Middletn walked int the palace hall f the wedding ceremny.
16. As it reprted, it is 100 years _____ Qinghua University was funded.
17.______regular exercise is very imprtant, it’s never a gd idea t exercise t clse t bedtime.
18.______ they decide which cllege t g t, students shuld research the admissin prcedures.
19. The girl had hardly rung the bell _____ the dr was pened suddenly, and her friend rushed ut t greet her.
20. The ld man asked Lucy t mve t anther _________chair he wanted t sit next t his wife.
21. The little by wn’t g t sleep ______his mther tells him a stry.
22. Jhn thinks it wn’t be lng _____ he is ready fr his new jb.
23. ______________________ the Internet is f great help, I dn’t think it’s a gd idea t spend t much time n it.
24. _________ hungry I am, I never seem t be able t finish ff this laf f bread.
25. Whatever is left ver may be put int the refrigeratr, _______ it will keep fr tw r three weeks.
26. Mary was much kinder t Jack than she was t the thers, ______, f curse, made all the thers upset.
27. Between the tw parts f the cncert is an interval, _____ the audience can buy ice-cream.
28.The days are gne _____ physical strength was all yu needed t make a living.
29. The schl shp, _______ custmers are mainly students, is clsed fr the hlidays.
30. The ld twn has narrw streets and small huses ______ were built clse t each ther.
31. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely t be the nly planet _______ life has develped gradually.
32. I’ve becme gd friends with several f the students in my schl _____I met in the English speech cntest last year.
33. The girl arranged t have pian lessns at the training centre with her sister ______ she wuld stay fr an hur.
34. As a child, Jack studied in a village schl, _____ is named after his grandfather.
35. I refuse t accept the blame fr smething _____ was smene else’s fault.
36. All ____ glitters is nt gd.
37. This is the by _____ mther is a teacher.
38. I’ll never frget the day _____ I spent my hliday in Hawaii.
39. I’ll never frget the day ___________ I spent there.
39. I’ll never frget the day _____ I spent there.
40. The schl __________ I learned English was very large.
41. The schl _________ I visited yesterday was very large.
42. Can yu tell me the reasn _____yu were absent tday？
43. The reasn __________ he gave fr nt cming was that his mther didn’t allw him t.
44. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each f _______ uses it smewhat differently.
45.The newly built café, the walls f ______are painted light green, is really a peaceful place fr us, specially after hard wrk.
46. The settlement is hme t nearly 1, 000 peple, many f ______ left their village hmes fr a better life in the city.
47. The day __________ he was brn n is Octber 10th.
48. She was educated at Beijing university, ______which she went t have her advanced study abrad.
49. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single persn _ _ whm she culd turn fr help.
50. I have many friends, ___ whm sme are businessmen.
51. The girl ______ whm my father is talking at the schl gate is my elder sister.
52. They will visit the farm _ __ which my brther wrks.
53. Water is very imprtant fr us, _____ which we can’t live.
54. I lked int their eyes, I fund they didn’t care, ______ tld me it wuld be useless, but when I lked int yurs, I saw kindness.
55. _____ is ften the case, we have wrked ut the prductin plan.
56. __ _ is mentined abve, paper is first made in China.
57.Helen was much kinder t her yungest sn than t the thers, ______, f curse, made the thers envy him.
58. _ __is reprted in the newspapers, talks between the tw cuntries are making prgress.
59. The result f the experiment was very gd, ______ we hadn’t expected.
60. _ __is knwn t all, the mn travels rund the earth nce every mnth.
二、写作运用
暑假即将来临, 你校于上周就“高中生是否应参加暑期补习班”对3000名学生进行了一次调查。以下是调查情况：
根据以上表格, 写一篇短文, 包括以下内容：
1. 调查时间, 地点, 内容以及调查对象；
2. 认为应该的学生比例及原因；
3. 反对的学生比例及原因；
4. 调查反映出的事实；
5. 你的观点。
主从复合句与广东高考练习答案
请根据以上技巧, 完成以下与主从复合句相关的历年高考试题。
1.填 until，空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词, 应填关联词; 由两句之间的逻辑关系可知, 是“等到车来”, 表示“直到”用until, 引导时间状语从句。
2.填whm，空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词, 应填关联词; 后面一句应当这样理解he was trying t talk t the peple, 可见,后面一句是定语从句, 先行词是peple, 直接在介词后应用关系代词whm引导定语从句。
3.填When，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。
4.填wh，引导定语从句并在从句中作主语, 先行词是表示人的an elder, 故填wh。
5.填 where，因两句之间没有连词, 必定是填连词；后句是定语从句, 要填的词在从句中作地点状语, 故填关系副词where。
6.填that，引导同位语从句, 说明idea的具体同内容; 从句的结构和意义完整, 用that引导。
7.填where，先行词是a small twn, 并在定语从句中作状语, 用where (=in which)引导定语从句。注意, 先行词与定语从句之间被sme 20 kilmeters away隔开了。
8.填wh，因as t(关于)是介词, 其后应接宾语; 由shuld have...可知，as t后是宾语从句, 宾语从句中shuld have是谓语, 前面缺主语; 由常识可知“有幸接待我”的应是人, 故用wh引导宾语从句
灵活运用答案
1. Befre a prblem can be slved, it must be bvius what the prblem itself is.
在此引导主语从句, 同时它在主语从句中用作表语。句意为: 在解决一个问题之前，必须要弄明白问题本身是什么。
2. It was never clear why the man hadn’t reprted the accident sner.
根据主句句意可知。句意为：这个人为什么没有更早报告事故从未被弄明白。
3. It is still under discussin whether the ld bus statin shuld be replaced with a mdern htel r nt.
根据句末的r nt可知。whether引导的是主语从句(句首的it为形式主语)。句意为：老车站是否会被一家现代化的宾馆取代还在讨论中。
4. I’m afraid he is mre f a talker than a der, which is why he never finishes anything.
引导表语从句, 用以解释he never finishes anything的原因。
5. The shcking news made me realize what terrible prblems we wuld face.
在此引导宾语从句, 同时它在宾语从句中修饰terrible prblems, 并与terrible prblems一样用作动词face的宾语。句意为：这条令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们会面临多么可怕的问题。
6. It is nt always easy fr the public t see what use a new inventin can be f t human life.
在此引导宾语从句，同时在宾语从句中用作定语, 修饰use。
7. I want t be liked and lved fr _ what I am inside.
引导宾语从句并在宾语从句中用作表语。句意为：我想因为自己内在的东西而受人喜欢和热爱。
8.Part f the reasn Charles Dickens lved his wn nvel, David Cpperfield, was that it was rather clsely mdeled n his wn life.
固定句式：The reasn (fr/why...) is that...(……的原因是……)中的that引导表语从句。
9. What sme peple regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many thers.
引导主语从句并在主语从句中作动词regard的宾语, 相当于the thing that。句意为：被一些人视为不利因素的东西在另外许多人看来则是有利的因素。
10. Cindy shut the dr heavily and burst int tears. N ne in the ffice knew _why she was s angry.
引导宾语从句，表示“……的原因”“为什么……”, 用why。句意是: 没有人知道他如此生气的原因。
11. —Have yu finished the bk？
— N. I’ve read up t _where the children discver the secret cave.
引导宾语从句, 用作介词t的宾语, 其意为“……的地方”。
12. It never ccurred t me that yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.
引导主语从句, 句首的it为形式主语。句型It never ccurred t me that...的意思是“我从来没有想到…”。
13. While/Althugh all f them are strng candidates, nly ne will be chsen fr the pst.
在此表示“虽然”“尽管”。句意为: 尽管他们所有的人都是很强的候选人, 但这个职位只选一个。
14. T shw ur respect, we usually have t take ur glves ff whever we are t shake hands with.
在此引导让步状语从句, 与n matter wh同义, 句意为：为了表示礼貌, 无论我们与谁握手, 我们通常都要摘下手套。
15. It was April 29, 2001 when Prince William and Kate Middletn walked int the palace hall f the wedding ceremny.
此题很容易误解为强调句型。事实上, 此题是考查when引导的时间状语从句, 句式为“It is (was) + 时间 + when从句”, 其字面意思是“当……的时候, 时间是……”。
16. As it reprted, it is 100 years since Qinghua University was funded.
根据主句的一般现在时(is)和从句的一般过去时(was funded)可知, 只有since适合这类句式, 表示“自……以来有多长时间了”。
17. Unless regular exercise is very imprtant, it’s never a gd idea t exercise t clse t bedtime.
本题意为：除非定期的锻炼非常重要，否则在太靠近上床睡觉的时间进行锻炼不是个好主意。
18. Once they decide which cllege t g t, students shuld research the admissin prcedures.
引导状语从句，表示“一旦”。
19. The girl had hardly rung the bell when the dr was pened suddenly, and her friend rushed ut t greet her.
因是固定句式, 表示“刚……就”。
20. The ld man asked Lucy t mve t anther _ because chair he wanted t sit next t his wife.
引导原因状语从句。
21. The little by wn’t g t sleep unless his mther tells him a stry.
引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不”，用unless。
22. Jhn thinks it wn’t be lng _befre he is ready fr his new jb.
固定句式：it wn’t be lng befre...不久之后就……。
23. Althugh/Thugh/While the Internet is f great help, I dn’t think it’s a gd idea t spend t much time n it.
表示“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。
24. Hwever hungry I am, I never seem t be able t finish ff this laf f bread.
表示“不管多么”，后接形容词或副词，用hwever，相当于n matter hw。
25. Whatever is left ver may be put int the refrigeratr, _where it will keep fr tw r three weeks.
由于定语从句it will keep fr tw r three weeks是一个整的句子, 并不缺主语或宾语, 先行词the refrigeratr(冰箱)表地点。
26. Mary was much kinder t Jack than she was t the thers, _which, f curse, made all the thers upset.
引导非限制性定语从句, 且在定语从句中用主语（注意关系代词which与其后的谓语动词made被f curse隔开了）。
27. Between the tw parts f the cncert is an interval, when the audience can buy ice-cream.
做好此题的关键是要知道interval这个词的意思, 它表示“间隔”“幕间休息”, 也就是说它是一个表示时间的名词, 所以其后用表示时间的关系副词when。
28.The days are gne _when physical strength was all yu needed t make a living.
在此引导定语从句修饰先行词the days。由于先行词指时间, 故要用关系副词when。
29. The schl shp, whse custmers are mainly students, is clsed fr the hlidays.
在此引导定语从句, 同时在定语从句中作定语, 根据句意, 由于shp与custmers之间为所有关系, 故填whse。
30. The ld twn has narrw streets and small huses that were built clse t each ther.
引导定语从句, 并充当从句的主语。
31. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely t be the nly planet where life has develped gradually.
引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。
32. I’ve becme gd friends with several f the students in my schl wh I met in the English speech cntest last year.
引导定语从句并在从句中作met的宾语, 先行词是表示人的students, 故用关系代词wh。注意：先行词与关系代词之间被in my schl分隔开了, 要注意分辨。
33. The girl arranged t have pian lessns at the training centre with her sister where she wuld stay fr an hur.
引导定语从句, 用以修饰先行词the training centre。where在此相当于and there。
34. As a child, Jack studied in a village schl, which is named after his grandfather.
引导非限制性定语从句, 并在定语从句中作主语, 先行词是village schl。
35. I refuse t accept the blame fr smething that was smene else’s fault.
引导定语从句并在从句中作主语, 先行词smething指事物, 多用that。
36. All _ that glitters is nt gd.
先行词是指物的all时，关系代词只能用that。
37. This is the by whse mther is a teacher.
作定语，指“那个男孩的”母亲。
38. I’ll never frget the day _when I spent my hliday in Hawaii.
先行词是表示时间的词，且在定语从句中作状语，相当于n which，故用关系副词。
39. I’ll never frget the day (which/that)I spent there.
虽然先行词是表示时间的词，但在定语从句中作spent的宾语，故用关系代词。
39. I’ll never frget the day where I spent there.
先行词是表示地点的词, 且在定语从句中作状语, 用关系副词。
40. The schl _(which/that) I learned English was very large.
虽然先行词是表示地点的词, 但在定语从句中作visited的宾语，故用关系代词。
41. The schl _which/that I visited yesterday was very large.
虽然先行词是表示地点的词, 但在定语从句中作visited的宾语，故用关系代词。
42. Can yu tell me the reasn why yu were absent tday？
先行词是reasn, 在定语从句中作状语, 相当于fr which, 故用关系副词why。
43. The reasn which/that he gave fr nt cming was that his mther didn’t allw him t.
先行词虽然是reasn, 但在定语从句中作gave的宾语，故用关系代词。
44. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each f which uses it smewhat differently.
引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的cultures。
45.The newly built café, the walls f which are painted light green, is really a peaceful place fr us, specially after hard wrk.
引导非限制性定语从句, f表示所属关系, the walls f which在含义上相当于and the walls f it(这座咖啡馆的墙)。
46. The settlement is hme t nearly 1, 000 peple, many f _whm left their village hmes fr a better life in the city.
引导定语从句并在从句中作介词f的宾语, 先行词是人, 故用whm。f表示部分与整体的关系, many f whm相当于and many f them(其中许多人)。
47. The day which/that he was brn n is Octber 10th.
关系代词作介词n的宾语, 但不直接在n后面, 可以填which或that。
48. She was educated at Beijing university, after which she went t have her advanced study abrad.
这里的after which相当于and after that, 指“在北京大学读书之后”。
49. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single persn _ t whm she culd turn fr help.
搭配：turn t sb. fr help向某人求助。
50. I have many friends, _ f whm sme are businessmen.
表示部分与整体的关系, f whm sme are businessmen相当于and sme f them are businessmen。
51. The girl t/with whm my father is talking at the schl gate is my elder sister.
由talk with/t sb.可知。
52. They will visit the farm _n__ which my brther wrks.
由n the farm可知。
53. Water is very imprtant fr us, _withut which we can’t live.
指没有水我们就不能生存。
54. I lked int their eyes, I fund they didn’t care, _which tld me it wuld be useless, but when I lked int yurs, I saw kindness.
引导非限制性定语从句, which指前面整个句子。
55. As is ften the case, we have wrked ut the prductin plan.
固定搭配：as is ften the case这是常有的事。
56. As is mentined abve, paper is first made in China.
表示“正如”，用as。
57.Helen was much kinder t her yungest sn than t the thers, _which, f curse, made the thers envy him.
可译作“这”。
58. As is reprted in the newspapers, talks between the tw cuntries are making prgress.
表示“正如”。
59. The result f the experiment was very gd, which we hadn’t expected.
意料之外的事，用which。
60. As is knwn t all, the mn travels rund the earth nce every mnth.
习惯搭配：as is knwn t all众所周知。
二、写作运用
暑假即将来临, 你校于上周就“高中生是否应参加暑期补习班”对3000名学生进行了一次调查。以下是调查情况：
根据以上表格, 写一篇短文, 包括以下内容：
1. 调查时间, 地点, 内容以及调查对象；
2. 认为应该的学生比例及原因；
3. 反对的学生比例及原因；
4. 调查反映出的事实；
5. 你的观点。
Last week there was a survey amng 3000 students in ur schl n whether senir students shuld attend extra classes during the summer vcatin. 39% f the students surveyed thught it reasnable because it culd help them braden their hrizns.
Hwever, 61% f them held their view that they bjected t attending such classes, fr they needed enugh time t relax themselves. Frm the survey, we knw that mre students prefer t have a free summer vcatin, which enables them t have a gd time with their friends and enjy themselves. T be hnest, what I need is a gd rest during my summer hlidays.
类型
从 属 连 词
时间状语从句
when(当……时)， while(在……期间)， as(随着，一边……一边……)， befre， after， since，till/until， whenever，as sn as， the mment等
原因状语从句
because(因为)， as(由于)， since(既然)， nw(that)(既然)， seeing(that)(由于, 鉴于), cnsidering (that)(考虑到)， given(that)等
条件状语
从句
if， unless， as/s lng as(只要)， suppsing/ prvided/ prviding (that)(假如)等
目的状语从句
s that， in rder that， in case， lest(免得，以防)等
结果状语从句
s that(以致，结果)，等
地点状语从句
where(在……的地方)， wherever(在……的任何地方)等
比较状语从句
(as...)as，(nt as/s...)as， than等
方式状语从句
as(按照，像……那样)，as if或as thugh(好像)等
让步状语从句
althugh， thugh， as， while(虽然)， even if/thugh(即使)，whatever， wherever， hwever，whenever(=n matter when无论何时)， (无论……还是……)
先行词
人
物
作主语
wh/that
which/that
作宾语
wh(m)/that
作定语
whse
whse/f which
作状语
时间
when
地点
where
reasn后
why
way后
that/in which/-
39%的同学支持
原因：补习班能帮他们拓宽视野。
61%的同学反对
原因：他们需要更多时间放松自己。
实际情况
更多学生更喜欢一个自由的暑假，这样的暑假让他们能与朋友玩乐。
我的观点
我需要在暑假期间好好休息。
39%的同学支持
原因：补习班能帮他们拓宽视野。
61%的同学反对
原因：他们需要更多时间放松自己。
实际情况
更多学生更喜欢一个自由的暑假，这样的暑假让他们能与朋友玩乐。
我的观点
我需要在暑假期间好好休息。