2021年中考英语复习之九年级全册Unit 4 Section A 知识梳理
展开Unit4
I used to be afraid of the dark
.Section A
一.常用短语
1.used to | 过去曾经 |
2.be afraid of... | 害怕... |
3.from time to time = at times = sometimes | 时常;有时 |
4.get good scores | 取得好的分数 |
5.deal with | 对付,应对 |
6.get tons of attention | 得到大量的关注 |
7.read books on European history | 阅读有关欧洲历史的书 |
8.African culture | 非洲文化 |
9.be alone | 独处 |
10.give a speech in public | 作一个公开演讲 |
11.fight on | 继续奋斗/战斗 |
12.be nervous about... | 对...感到紧张 |
13.influence his way of thinking | 影响他的思维方式 |
14.be proud of.../take pride in... | 为...感到骄傲 |
15.be absent from classes | 逃课 |
16.fail the examinations | 考试不及格 |
17.make a decision | 下决心 |
18.in person | 亲自 |
19.to one’s surprise | 使某人惊讶的是 |
20.feel good about oneself | 对自己充满信心 |
21.a general self-introduction | 一个简要的自我介绍 |
22.in the last few years | 在最近几年 |
23.remain silent | 保持沉默 |
24.have a great influence on sb. | 对某人有很大的影响 |
25.advise sb. to do sth. | 建议某人做某事 |
26.at least | 至少 |
27.a number of... | 许多... |
28.not...anymore | 不再... |
二. 考点精练
▶考点一 反义疑问句的用法
这是一个反意疑问句。此类反意疑问句的结构为:
肯定的陈述句 + 否定的附加问句→ “前肯后否”
否定的陈述句 + 肯定的附加问句→ “前否后肯”
注意:
前后两部分的人称数和时态等必须要保持一致!
➩ She doesn’t like shopping, does she? 她不喜欢购物,是吗?
➩ Your father went to the park, didn't he? 你爸爸去公园了,是吗?
➩ You don’t like classical music, do you? 你不喜欢古典音乐,对吗?
【拓展】
① 对反意疑问句的回答,不管问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的用yes,事实是否定的用no。
② 陈述句部分含有few(几乎没有)、little(几乎没有)、seldom(几乎不)、hardly(几乎不)、 never(从不)或nothing(没有任何东西)等否定词,附加问句要用肯定形式。
➩ He has never been to London, has he? 他从来没有去过伦敦,是吗?
【易错提醒】
无论何种形式的反意疑问句,依据事实来回答即可。
如果事实是肯定的,要用yes;如果事实是否定的,要用no。只是要注意“前否后背”的答语中,yes和no与汉语意思正好相反。
➩ He didn't pass the exam, did he? 他没有通过考试。
—— Yes, he did. 不,他通过了。(事实是肯定的)
—— No, he didn’t. 是的,他没有通过。(事实是否定的)
【小试牛刀】
- -- Steven had nothing for breakfast this morning, ______________ ?
--No. Because he had a fever.
- hadn't he
- had he
- didn’t he
- did he
- David never fights with his classmates, _____________ ?
- does he
- doesn’t he
- is he
- Isn’t he
答案:
- D
- A
▶考点二 What + be + 主语 + like? 的用法
1) What + be + 主语 + like? 用于提问人的外貌,译为“某人长什么样?”,相当于”What do / does + 主语 + look like?”,用于提问人的外貌(身材或长相)。
答语用:
①sb. + be + 表示外貌特征的形容词(tall / short...)
②sb. + have / has + 名词(短语)
➩ What does your uncle look like? 你叔叔长什么样?
He’s tall. / He has short black hair. 他很高。/ 他有着黑色的短发。
【拓展】What + be + 主语 + like? 的其他用法
1) 指人的性格或品质等特征
➩ What’s Lily like? 莉莉是什么样的人? She is friendly. 她很友好。
2) 指事物的外部特征
➩ What’s your room like? 你的房间怎么样? It’s big and bright. 宽敞又明亮。
【小试牛刀】
- 我想知道二十年后生活会是什么样。
I wonder _________ life will ________ ________ in twenty years.
- —What does the lady look like? — .
- She’s fine and well
- She’s really a nice lady
- She’s tall and thin
- She likes wearing skirts
答案:
- what ; be like
- C
▶考点三 helpful的用法
helpful (adj.)“有用的;有帮助的”,是由help加形容词后缀-ful构成的形容词。
常用搭配be helpful to sb. / sth.,译为“对某人/某物有帮助”。
➩ My teacher gave me lots of helpful books on math. 我的老师给我许多数学方面有用的书。
➩ The dictionary is helpful to me. 这本词典对我很有帮助。
▶考点四 silent的用法
silent (adj.),意为“不说话的;沉默的;寂静的”,常用短语keep silent表示“保持沉默”。
派生词:silence (n.) 沉默;寂静 / silently (adv.) 沉默地
➩ She was silent when her mother asked her questions. 她妈妈问她问题时,她沉默不语
➩ Please keep silent in public places。在公共场所请保持安静。
【小试牛刀】
- 如果你不知道事实,请保持沉默。
If you don’t know the truth, please ________ ________.
答案:keep silent
▶考点五 such + 名词的用法
“such + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数”译为“如此...的一个…”,可与“so + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数”相互转换。
➩ It’s such a good film. = It’s so good a film. 它是如此好的一部电影。
【用法必备】辨析such/so的用法
such | such + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 |
such ( + adj. ) + 复数名词/不可数名词 | |
so | so + adj./ adv. |
so + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数 | |
so + many/much/few/little + 可数名词/不可数名词 |
➩ I’ve never met such good students like them. 我从来没有见过像他们这样好的学生。
➩ Mowgli in The Jungle Book is so lovely a boy that the wolves like him very much。 《奇幻森林》中的毛克力是一个如此可爱的男孩,以至于狼非常喜欢他。
➩ There are so many people in the meeting room. 会议室里的人太多了。
【易错提醒】
在对such和so的用法进行区别时,记准其词性是关键:
such是形容词,其后跟名词(或名词性短语),
so是副词,其后跟形容词或副词。
▶考点六 take up / deal with的用法
1) take up意为“开始从事”,后加名词或动词-ing形式,take up doing sth.译为“开始做某事”。
➩ Jack took up running for exercise to lose weight this month. 杰克这个月开始跑步减肥。
【用法必备】take up的其他用法
① 占;占地方
That big table takes up too much room. 那张大桌子占的地方太大了。
Learning English takes up a lot of time. 学英语占了我许多时间。
② 讨论 = discuss
We will take up the next lesson tomorrow. 我们明天将要讨论下一课。
③ 从事;经手
The teacher took up the lesson where she stopped. 老师从昨天留下的部分开始讲。
2) deal with意为“应付;处理”。常与how连用,强调问题的处理方式。其后常接trouble、problem等。
➩ The young teacher didn’t know how to deal with the noisy class. 这位年轻的教师不知道如何应对喧闹的课堂。
➩ He could properly deal with all kinds of situations. 他能恰当地应付各种局面。
【小试牛刀】
- —What’s your plan for the new school year?
—Oh, I am going to _____a new hobby by learning to play the guitar.
- take part
- take up
- take back
- take care
- It took me almost a whole day to _____________ so many emails.
- deal with
- cut up
- cheer for
- run out
答案:
- B
- A
▶考点七 not...anymore的用法
1) not...anymore = not...any longer = no more/no longer,意为“不再”。表示做某事的程度或次数不再增加。
➩ He doesn't come late anymore. = He doesn't come late any longer. = He no more/longer comes late. 他不再迟到了。
➩ Do not ask for the moon anymore; we have already had stars. 不要再乞求得到月亮,我们已经拥有星星了。
2) crowd此处用作名词,意为“人群;观众;一帮人”。其形容词为crowed“拥挤的”,( uncrowded“不拥挤的”)。
➩ He pushed his way through the crowd. 他在人群中往前挤。
➩ The theater was crowded on Sundays. 周日剧院里很拥挤。
【用法必备】
crowd还可用作动词,意为“挤;挤满”。
➩ Shoppers crowded the street. 街上挤满了购物的人。
【小试牛刀】
- 如果一个人说话的态度不好,人们就不再想和他说话了。
If a person's speaking attitude is not good, people ________ want to talk to him __________.
- 如果我们不及时解决水污染问题,这些鱼就不会再生活在河里了。
If we do not solve the water pollution problem in time, the fish will __________ live in the river.
答案:
- don’t ; anymore
- no more
▶考点八 too much/too many/much too的用法
【用法必备】辨析too much/too many/much too
too much | “太多”。中心词是much,用法与much相同,用来修饰不可数名词。如:too much milk 太多的牛奶 |
too many | “太多”。中心词是many,用法与many相同,用来修饰可数名词复数。如: many apples 太多的苹果
|
much too | “太,非常”。中心词是too,用法与too相同,用来修饰形容词或副词原级。如:much too expensive 太昂贵了 |
【小试牛刀】用too many, too much, much too填空
1) Tom was ____________ careless. He forgot to write his name on the paper.
2) Some kinds of animals are dying out because _____________ trees are cut down in the world.
3) It's good to drink water, but drinking ___________ water before you go to bed may have a bad effect on your sleep.
答案
- much too
- too many
- too much
▶考点九 prepare的用法
1) be prepared to do sth.表示“准备好做某事”,相当于get ready to do sth.。
其中prepared为形容词,意为“事先准备好的”,它的动词是prepare,意为“准备”。
➩ They were prepared to take the exam. 他们为考试做好了准备。
【用法必备】动词prepare常考搭配
prepare to do sth. | 准备做某事 |
prepare for sth. | 为某事做准备 |
prepare sth. for sb. | 为某人准备某物 |
➩ He is preparing to go on a trip. 他正准备去旅行。
➩ The students are busy preparing for the exam. 学生们正忙着备考。
➩ My mother prepares food for the whole family every day. 我妈妈每天为全家人准备食物。
2) give up意为“放弃”,后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。当代词做其宾语时,须将代词置于give和up之间。
➩ It was a difficult time, but we never gave up hope. 那是一段艰难的时期,但我们从没有放弃希望。
➩ Smoking is bad for your health. You should give it up. 吸烟对健康有害,你应该戒掉它。
【用法必备】give的相关短语
give in | 屈服;让步 |
give back | 归还 |
give away | 分发;赠送 |
give sb. a hand | 帮某人的忙 |
【小试牛刀】
- 我们可以有两天时间来准备考试。
We are given two days to __________ the examination.
- 他拿出纸,准备给父母写信。
Taking out a piece of paper, he prepared ___________ his parents.
- —Is he still raising money for charity?
—Yes. He never _______ hope of helping poor children.
- gives up
- gives out
- takes off
- takes out
答案:
- prepare for
- to write to
- A
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