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2021届高考英语一轮复习考点47短文改错二考点归纳 试卷
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考点47 短文改错(二)
专题四 备考策略
一、把握"三""四""五",共十二个考点
三个必考点:1. 名词的单复数;2. 介词的误用、多用或少用;3. 动词时态不一致。
四个常考点:1. 连词的误用、多用或少用;2. 冠词的误用、多用或少用;3. 词语辨析;4. 词性误用。
五个考点:1. 代词;2. 非谓语动词;3. 情态动词;4. 主谓一致;5. 形容词的比较级和最高级。
二、考法
1. 8个改词1个添词1个删词,记住比例是:8:1:1;
2. 每句有0—2个错误;
3. 需要变形的词语通常是名词、动词、形容词、副词等;
4. 少词一般是添加冠词、介词、连词、不定式的to,以及物主代词;
5. 多词一般是删掉冠词、介词、助动词等。
【核心思路】根据考点找错误,又快又准高速度。
三、三个方面
1. 词法:介词、冠词、连词的多用,少用或误用,词性误用,非谓语动词,各类词缀,如否定前缀,名词、形容词、副词后缀;
2. 句法:主谓一致,时态一致,名词的单复数一致,代词的格和数一致;
3. 行文逻辑:并列句中两个简单句的关系,因果、转折、选择、并列关系等。
短文改错解题口诀
口诀一:
短文改错有妙计,完整一致看仔细。词法侧重冠名动,形副互换要留意。
分词出现多琢磨,主动被动加语气。全文一处多一词,一处少词关介词。
时态人称要统一,连词用法重逻辑。短文改错要做好, 常见类型应记牢。
口诀二:
名词爱考数与格,冠词在前"错、多、少";
动词时态和语态,非谓语搭配莫错了;
连代形副错一样,多是故意来混淆;介词多半考搭配,多漏误用想周到;
句法涉及到"一致",从句多考关系词。词法句法均未错,逻辑推理去寻找。
"811" 排列是规律,回读复查敲定稿。
注 1. "一致"包括主谓一致,数、性、格等的一致。
2. 811常指:8处错误,1处多词,1处少词。
四、解题步骤
1 浏览全文,掌握大意
2 分句阅读,逐行找错
3 由易到难, 各个击破
4 检查核对,注意方法
具体解题步骤:
做短文改错通常遵循以下几个步骤:通读文章,了解大意;逐句分析,行中找错;再读短文,检查漏洞。即按照文章→句子→行→文章的顺序。
第一步:通读全文,了解大意。短文改错是考查考生在理解的基础上对语篇整体的识错、纠错能力,必须从全篇考虑,而不能只顾一句或一行。要理解文章的谋篇布局,弄清楚整篇文章的意思。在阅读过程中,要注意行文逻辑、文章的时态以及人称等。
第二步:逐句分析,行中找错。尽管短文改错是以行设置错误的,但语言毕竟是以句子为完整意义单位的。所以,可以逐句分析,看看单句是否有错;如果有错,有几处错误,是什么错误,再看看错误在哪一行。把"短文改错"转化为"单句改错",然后再在行中找错,这样就会降低难度。
第三步:再读短文,检查漏洞。做完以后,再把文章阅读一遍,检查是否有遗漏情况,尤其注意上下句之间的逻辑关系。多读一遍,就有可能把某些不清楚的地方理顺。
名校模拟题汇编
Text 1(2020·湖北蔡甸·汉阳一中高三三模)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My friend Fang, an exchange student in UK, is one of the most amazing people I have ever met. He just never seemed to suffer from any kind of stress, even when he faces unexpecting difficulties. To everyone's surprise, he has never failed an exam. Fang believes that exams are just exams but that it's necessary to worry about them all the time. He is an optimistic person by nature and I real admire his way of thinking. Which makes me ashamed of is that I am always nervous facing the exams. For examples, I can't concentrate on my studies; I am too afraid of the results before the exams. It's time for me to learn from her now.
Text 2(2020·六盘山高级中学高三二模)
On January 5th, students in our school visited Robot World, which we saw a great diversity of robot. It was amazed to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people, including playing chess, playing piano and drawing pictures. What’s more, the robots were in different kinds and shapes, which made us enjoyable. In addition, that excited me most was the show given by a group of robots. They danced just as if they are dancers on the stage. By visiting Robot World, I have learned a lot of about robots, especial about their functions and shapes. The great human wisdom is S0 powerful that it make us feel more comfortable live in the world.
Text 3(2020·西藏乃东·山南二中高三三模)
A proverb says, “Time is money.” But on my opinion, time is even more valuable than money. Why? Because when money is spent, we can earn them back. However, when time is gone, it will never return. This is the reason that we must value time. The time for our study and work is quite limit. But there are a number of people who do not know the important of time. They kill time by chatting or drinking. They didn’t realize that wasting time is simple wasting their valuable lives. In word, we should develop the good habit of saving time. Don’t leave what can be do today till tomorrow. Laziness will not only bring to us failure but also make us lead a poor life.
Text 4 (2020·安徽马鞍山·高三一模)
Sun Yang, a famous Chinese swimmer, is known to the world. Born in 1991, he is 1.98 meters in high and 89 kilos in weight. As swimmer, he always trains hardly. That’s why he could win two gold prize in the 2012 London Olympics, which were a great honor for our country. Although he once makes mistakes in the view of the public, but in the 2013 World Swimming Championships he made amazed achievements. Sun Yang is very brilliant that he has many fans. We should be pleased to take her as our role model.
Text 5(2020·宜宾市叙州区第一中学校高三开学考试)
Sometimes 1 feel that living in a city makes people lonely than before. People always feel strangers cannot trusted. They think this is not normal to start talking to anyone or even smile at anyone. I desire to change that. Last week, while I was skate, a man ran by, smiling at me. He said something to me about doing sports or he hoped to be able to finishing his run. I smiled back and said that he certain would. And then a family cycles by when I was in the park. One of the girl waved at me with a big smile, and I waved back enthusiastically. I do believe such small gestures can change into the world we live in.
Text 6(2020·云南民族大学附属中学高三二模)
Senior Three student will face the question after they pass by the college entrance examination. “Should I choose a good major and a good university?” Some students prefer to consider majors first so that they can learn which they are interested in. It will also make it possible for them take their favorite jobs in the future. However, those who think differently believes that the environment is important to one’s development. They also believe that students graduated from leading universities are often more likely to find good jobs. In my opinion, a best choice is to choose a good major at a good university. But if they can’t obtain both, the first thing to consider was a good major. Because no matter where they study, we can still achieve a lot in a certain field if they try their best.
Text 7.(2020·河北石家庄·高三月考)
Dear Jim,
How is everything going? Known that you are curious about Peking Opera, I'm more than glad to introduce it to you.
Dating back to late 18th century, Peking Opera becomes fully developed and recognized during the Qing Dynasty. As a combination of music, vocal performance or dance, Peking Opera can offer audience with a feast for the eyes and ears. Performer wear colorful costumes and make-ups, that are in line with the personalities of the roles that they play.
I high recommend you visit the Mei Lanfang Theater to see a Peking Opera show. Hopefully, my introduction has helped you well understand Peking Opera than before. If you have any question, don't hesitate to ask myself.
Text 8.(2020·湖南高三二模)
What people need is love and support, especially some special group of people. Here is my loving ideas for students with difficulty in learning.
I think the main problem with most of whom is that they lack of motivation. So we may help them to get motivated by setting goal for them or then work together towards it. Meanwhile, we can give them as more help as possible, sharing good study methods with them or solve problems for them. What's more, we should always encourage them to believe in ourselves. Confidence, what we all know,is absolutely vital to learning.
Text 9.(2020·湖南高三二模)
Dear editor,
My friend Li Ming, he studies in a high school, living in a dormitory. He talks with me about one student living with him who never think about how other people feel. For example, the student often throws his dirty socks on the table, which it often fall onto the lunch box of mine friend. What’s more, he sometime drinks the water from other people’s teacups without ask for permission. Worse still, he even uses other people’s toothbrush. Just imagine sharing a room with such person! How can my friend do? He has asked me for help and now I’m asking for yours.
Yours sincerely,
Wang Ping
Text 10.(2020·重庆北碚·高三一模)
Yesterday, Tom and I were walking down the street when we saw the old man fall off his bike. I suggested we carried the old man to hospital, and Tom did not agree. He had learned first aid, so I said that the old man mustn't be moving. We should leave him what he was and check him first. Seeing that the old man wasn't breathing, Tom asks me to call the First-aid Center and he used the mouth-to-mouth way make the old man breathe. Soon the old man began to move on a little and the doctors also arrived. They said what we had done were right.
Text 11.(2020·安徽淮北·高三一模)
My senior high school life is almost over. Although exciting about entering college, I can't help miss those good old days so much that I feel sad. I'm unwilling to say goodbye to everyone and everything I am familiar. However, I come to realize nature never. stood still. Different seasons come and go. Plants and animals die mid new one come to life. We, like everything in nature, has to adapt to the changes. Before knowing it, I am a kind of calm. Now I'd like to recall the most wonderful things which have happened, and accept happy whatever is to happen.
Text 12.(2020·福建三明一中高二期中)
Dear Ben,
As graduation is draw near,I'd like to express my sincere gratitude to you for your kind.
In the last three years,you had shared my joys and sorrows,making my school life unforgettable.I remember very much that you sent me to hospital when I had my left leg break.During the days when I had to stay in the bed,you comforted me and helped me my lessons.It is your friendship which fills my life with sunshine.I hope my friendship will last forever and I also hope all your dreams will come truly in the future.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
Text 13.(2020·河南罗山·高三一模)
Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and an inventor. He was once thought to be a boy whom was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagine.
I admire Edison a lot because his great contributions to the world. He is said to having more than 1,000 inventions. In his lifetime, he was always eager to know what everything worked. He was also very diligent and works day and night. And this explained why he had so much great inventions.
Success can never be easy achieved. Probably I can’t be another Edison himself, but I will work hard to be a worthy person.
Text 14.(2020·石嘴山市第三中学高三三模)
I’ve been in Shanghai for weeks and it has all gone by so quick. Now I’m there reflecting on how this experience has helped I better understand Chinese culture. Shanghai has population of over 23 million people, who is more than the population of the top 8 most populated cities in the U.S. combined. All throughout my stay in China, I’ve seen Chinese people wore shirts with English words on them, and heard American music coming from speaker. I’ve felt comfortable in China, and although there were differences, it’s not hard to adjust. Chinese culture is different, so Western culture is too, and in this way, they’re so similar to.
Text 15.(2020·四川成都·龙泉中学高三开学考试)
I like Li Ziqi, which has inspired many people all over the world. Over the years, she had transformed from a village girl into food and lifestyle expert. She has become worldwide famous by making videos introduced the beauty of traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, Li’s success did not come easy. Her father’s death left her living with her grandparents in a poor village after she went to work in the city on the age of 14. In 2012, Li returned to home and opened an online shop to sell locally products. In 2016, she began to display Chinese culture by filming how his products were created.
Text 16.(2020·四川成都经开区实验中学高三开学考试)
I like travelling and my dream of visiting Beijing, the capital city of our country, come true during the National Day holidays this year. My mother booked an one-day tour for me. On the morning of October 1st I went to Tian’anmen Square with one of my classmates , there we watched the flag-raising ceremony. As I watched the flag rising slowly, I sang the national anthem, feeling extreme proud. Several hours later, a grand military parade was held mark the People's Republic of China's 70th founding anniversary. In the afternoon we decided to go to other famous tourist attraction, like the Great Wall. When we reached the destination, it was crowded with tourists. I was glad for which those volunteers had done for little kids and elderly people . Standing on the Great wall, we couldn’t help admire the splendid scenery. This travelling, with doubt, meant a lot of to me.
Text 17.(2020·甘肃高三二模)
Dear Mike,
How is it going? I am flying to your country to attend the Culture Trip to America in next week. I feel exciting because my dream of visiting America will come true. Through the trip, I hope to open my eyes and learning more about the customs and history of your country. Besides, it is the good chance to practise my English.
Therefore, one thing I'm concerned about is because I may have difficulty communicating with local people. After all, there have many cultural differences between China or America, I'd appreciate if you could give me some proper advises.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Text 18.(2020·湖北高三二模)
As a child I always wanted to become a doctor. Ikept my dreams throughout primary school and middle school. When I admitted to a medical college, I was very exciting. After years of study I graduated and entered a children's hospital. I worked hard and soon became a experienced doctor. I did not get married with until I was over thirty. I worked during the day and after work enjoyed life with my family. In the age of 60 I retire, but I often helped young doctors when they needed me. You don't worry too much about my health problem. I believe that I don't care about them, they won't hurt me. So I am still health and happy today.
Text 19.(2020·陕西安康·高三三模)
This weekend, our school is scheduled to plant tree on the West Hill, that is about 10 miles west of our town. I'm written to invite you to take part this meaningful activity, we will gather at the school gate at seven and then take the bus there. We needn't to carry food or water, for our school would prepare them for us. All we need to do is wearing sports shoes and loose trousers. Please bring a towel as we are certain going to sweat. Please don't be later and we will set off on time.
Text 20.(2020·北大成都附属实验学校高三开学考试)
About how to keep healthy, I’d like to offer my advices. As we know, we teenagers are going through a rapid growth which needs to be support by a healthy and balanced diet. Thus, we need a variety of food but cut out the food rich in sugar or fat. However, we should take physical exercise regular. For example, we can play basketball or take walk after school. Have enough sleep is of great importance. Therefore, you should have at least eight hours of sleep every day and not stayed up too late. Only in this way that can we keep fit.
Text 21.(2020·贵州铜仁·高三二模)
Thanks to China’s anti-poverty policy, great changes have been taken place in my hometown in the past decade, especial in the living conditions. Take my grandparents’ home in the countryside as a example. They used to live in a small house with little furniture, and now they have moved into a two-storied building with modern electric equipments. In the past, we had to ask someone to write to my parents to keep contact. But they each has a mobile phone now, that makes the communication more convenient. They even have learned to use WeChat talk to us. And they mostly drive out instead of walk or ride bicycles at times.
Text 1(2020·湖北蔡甸·汉阳一中高三三模)
【答案】1. seemed→seems 2. unexpecting→unexpected 3. but→and 4. necessary→unnecessary 5. real→really 6. facing前面加when 7. examples→example 8. too→so 9. before→after 10. her→him
【解析】
【分析】
本文是记叙文,描述了作者的一个来自英国交换生朋友对考试从不紧张,让作者很佩服。
【小题1】
考查时态。此处是描述现在的常态,时态是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数he,故将seemed改成seems。
【小题2】
考查形容词。unexpected表示“难以预料的”,是固定词汇,故将unexpecting改为unexpected。
【小题3】
考查连词。句意:方认为考试仅仅就是考试,没有必要一直担心。前后句是顺承关系,所以这里用and连接。故将but改为and。
【小题4】
考查形容词。句意:方认为考试仅仅就是考试,没有必要一直担心。根据句意,此处是没有必要担心,应该用反义词,故将necessary改为unnecessary。
【小题5】
考查副词。此处修饰动词admire,需要用副词形式,故将real改为really。
【小题6】
考查连词。句意:让我感到非常羞愧的是我在面临考试的时候总是很紧张。此处I am always nervous和facing the exams之间缺少连词连接,表示当...时候,故在facing前面加when。
【小题7】
考查固定搭配。for example表示例如,是固定搭配。故将examples改为example。
【小题8】
考查副词。too表示太...的时候需要和to搭配,此处改为so。故将too改为so。
【小题9】
考查介词。句意:我在考试之后会特别害怕考试结果。根据句意,是考试之后害怕结果,故将before改为after。
【小题10】
考查代词。根据前文的he,可知这里是男性,故将her改为him。
Text 2(2020·六盘山高级中学高三二模)
【答案】1.which →where;
2.robot→robots;
3.amazed→amazing;
4.piano前加the;
5.that→what;
6.are→were;
7.of去掉;
8.especial→especially;
9.make→makes;
10.live前加to;
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了我们学校去参观机器人世界的所见所闻。
【详解】
第一处:考查定语从句。先行词为Robot world, 从句缺地点状语,所以用关系副词where。故将which 改为where。
第二处:考查名词单复数。a diversity of 表示各种各样的,所以要用复数,robot要用robots。故将robot改为robots。
第三处:考查形容词。看到机器人能像人一样做很多事情,令人惊讶,要用amazing,amazed 表示人感到吃惊。故将amazed改为amazing。
第四处:考查冠词。弹钢琴要用play the piano。故将piano前加the。
第五处:考查名词性从句。此处为主语从句,主语从句中作主语,要用what,that 在主语从句中不做成分。故将that改为what。
第六处:考查时态。此句话中的主句用了一般过去时danced,所以后句也要用过去式,they 后要用were,此处也可理解为虚拟语气,表与现在情况相反,用过去式。故将are改为were。
第七处:考查介词。of 为介词,介词后要有宾语,而此句中of 后无宾语,因此多余,a lot 做副词,在句中修饰动词learn。故将of去掉。
第八处:考查副词。此处表示尤其是他们的功能和形状,是突出强调作用,作状语,所以用especially。故将especial改为especially。
第九处:考查主谓一致。根据主句时态可知用一般现在时,再跟据主语为it,谓语用第三人称单数makes。故将make改为makes。
第十处:考查不定词,此处放在形容词后,用不定式,表原因,固定句式。故将live前加to。
Text 3(2020·西藏乃东·山南二中高三三模)
【答案】1. on→ in
2. them→ it
3. that→ why
4. limit→ limited
5. important→ importance
6. didn’t→ don’t
7. simple→ simply
8. word前加a
9. do → done
10. bring后的to去掉
【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者认为时间比金钱更宝贵并讲述了原因。
【详解】
1. 考查介词。固定短语in my opinion“在我看来”。故将on改为in。
2. 考查代词。句意:因为钱花了,还能挣回来。根据Because when money is spent可知此处是用代词指代money,而money是不可数名词,因此用代词it。故将them改为it。
3. 考查同位语从句的引导词。句意:这就是我们必须珍惜时间的原因。分析句子可知,此处是由why引导的同位语从句,做the reason的同位语。This is the reason why…“这就是…的原因”。故将that改为why。
4. 考查形容词。根据副词quite可知此处要用形容词,limited“有限的”。故将limit改为limited。
5. 考查名词。根据冠词the和介词of可知此处要用名词。故将important改为importance。
6. 考查时态。根据上文时态是一般现在时,此处也用一般现在时,且主语是They可知此处要用助动词don’t表示否定。故将didn’t改为don’t。
7. 考查副词。句意:他们没有意识到浪费时间就是浪费他们宝贵的生命。根据谓语动词is wasting可知此处要用副词修饰动词,simply“简直,仅仅”。故将simple改为simply。
8. 考查冠词。固定短语 in a word“总之”。故将word前加a。
9. 考查过去分词。根据can be可知此处要用过去分词,构成被动语态。故将do改为done。
10. 考查介词。根据bring是及物动词,可直接加宾语,因此介词to多余。故将bring后的to去掉。
Text 4 (2020·安徽马鞍山·高三一模)
【答案】1. high→height;2.在As和swimmer之间加a;3.hardly→hard;4.prize→prizes;5.were→was;6.makes→made;7.去掉in前面的but;8.amazed→amazing;9.very→so;10.her→him。
【解析】这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍中国著名游泳运动员孙杨。
【详解】
1.考查名词。句意:他出生于1991年,身高1.98米,体重89公斤。根据下文and 89 kilos in weight可知,此处使用in height“高度,在高度上”。故high改为height。
2.考查不定冠词。句意:作为一名游泳运动员,他总是努力训练。此处泛指“一名游泳运动员”,应用不定冠词,swimmer是以辅音音素开头的词,应使用a。故在As和swimmer之间加a。
3.考查副词。句意:作为一名游泳运动员,他总是努力训练。根据句意可知,此处指“他总是努力训练”, hard“努力地”,hardly “几乎不”不符合句意。故hardly改为hard。
4.考查名词复数。句意:这就是为什么他能在2012年伦敦奥运会上赢得两枚金牌,这是我们国家的巨大荣誉。根据two可知,后面的名词是复数形式。故prize改为prizes。
5.考查主谓一致。句意:这就是为什么他能在2012年伦敦奥运会上赢得两枚金牌,这是我们国家的巨大荣誉。关系词指代前面整个句子,在从句中做主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故were改为was。
6.考查一般过去时。句意:尽管他曾在公众的眼中犯过错误,但在2013年世界游泳锦标赛上,他取得了惊人的成绩。根据once“曾经”可知,句子用一般过去时。故makes改为made。
7.考查让步状语从句。句意:尽管他曾在公众的眼中犯过错误,但在2013年世界游泳锦标赛上,他取得了惊人的成绩。although引导的让步状语从句不能再用并列连词but/and/or。故去掉in前面的but。
8.考查形容词。句意:尽管他曾在公众的眼中犯过错误,但在2013年世界游泳锦标赛上,他取得了惊人的成绩。amazing“令人惊讶的”,常修饰物;amazed“感到惊讶的”,常修饰人的感情;此处修饰achievements,意为“令人惊讶的成绩”,应使用-ing结尾形容词。故把amazed改为amazing。
9.考查固定句型。句意:孙杨如此的杰出以致于他有很多粉丝。此处是固定句型:so…that…“如此……以致于……”。故very改为so。
10.考查人称代词。句意:我们应该乐于以他为榜样。根据第一句中Sun Yang, a famous Chinese swimmer,可知,孙杨是一名男游泳选手。故her改为him。
Text 5(2020·宜宾市叙州区第一中学校高三开学考试)
【答案】1.lonely→lonelier
2.在trusted前加be
3. this→it
4.skate→skating
5.or→and
6. finishing→finish
7. certain→certainly
8. cycles→cycled
9. girl→girls
10. 去掉into
【解析】这是一篇议论文。城市生活中人们总觉得陌生人不可信,作者想改变这一点,通过对陌生人微笑这些小动作来改变我们生活的世界。
【详解】
1.考查形容词比较级。根据后面的关键词than可知,此处应该用形容词 lonely的比较级形式lonelier,故将lonely改为lonelier。
2.考查被动语态。句意:人们总觉得陌生人不可信。分析句子可知,feel后面的宾语从句中,主语strangers与动词trust之间为被动关系,结合前面的情态动词可知,trust前面应加be动词形成被动语态。故在trusted前加be。
3.考查代词。句意:他们认为主动和任何人说话甚至对任何人微笑是不正常的。此处为“it is+adj.+to do sth. ”结构,it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。故将this改为it。
4.考查现在分词。句意:上周,当我滑冰的时候,一个男人从我身边跑过,冲我微笑。while引导的时间状语从句中,谓语动词常用进行时态,此处应为was+现在分词构成过去进行时。故将skate改为skating。
5.考查连词。句意:他对我说了一些关于运动的事,并希望能完成他的跑步。根据句意可知,此处前后之间为顺承关系,应该用and连接两个句子,故将or改为and。
6.考查不定式。be able to do sth意为“能够做某事”,是固定搭配。故将finishing改为finish。
7.考查副词。句意:我微笑着回应说他一定会的。分析句子可知,would后省略finish his run,故此处应该用certainly修饰动词finish。故将certain改为certainly。
8.考查时态。根据上下文的时态可知,此处应该用一般过去时。故将cycles改为cycled。
9.考查名词复数。one of后接可数名词复数,表示“……中之一”,故将girl改为girls。
10.考查介词。句意:我相信这样的小动作能改变我们生活的世界。根据句意可知, change在这里是及物动词,介词into多余。故去掉into。
Text 6(2020·云南民族大学附属中学高三二模)
【答案】1.student→students 2.去掉by 3.and→or 4.which→what
5.take前加to
6. believes→believe 7.graduated→graduating 8.a→the 9.was→is 10.we→they
【解析】
本文是议论文。关于高三学生面临的一个问题“是选择一个好专业,还是一所好大学?”作者提出自己的观点。
【详解】
1.考查可数名词单复数。根据从句after they pass…中的they可知,Senior Three student应该是复数形式。故student改为students。
2.考查固定短语。短语pass the exam“通过考试”,不需要介词by;pass by意思为“经过”。故去掉by。
3.考查连词。句意:我应该选择一个好专业还是一所好大学?。根据句意,此处应该用连词or,意思为“或者”,表示选择关系。故and改为or。
4.考查宾语从句引导词。“which they are interested in”是宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,应该用what引导宾语从句,意思为“……事情/东西”,在从句中作宾语。故which改为what。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:这也使他们能够在将来从事他们最喜欢的工作。句中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语应是不定式短语 to take their favorite jobs in the future。故take前加to。
6.考查主谓一致。句子的主语those是复数意义,谓语动词believes的单复数应与those一致。故believes改为believe。
7.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构,“graduated from leading universities”在句中做定语;主语students和graduate之间是逻辑上的主动关系,应该用现在分词短语作后置定语。故graduated改为graduating。
8.考查冠词。best是形容词的最高级形式,前面应该用定冠词the。故a改为the。
9.考查时态。整篇文章叙述的是现在的情况,是一般现在时,此处也应该相应地用一般现在时。故was改为is。
10.考查代词。根据上下文中的they can’t obtain both …no matter where they study和if they try their best,此处we也应相应地用代词they。故we改为they。
Text 7.(2020·河北石家庄·高三月考)
【答案】
【解析】本文是应用文。作者在信中简要地介绍了京剧的历史和特点并建议Jim 到梅兰芳剧院看一场京剧表演。
【详解】
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:知道你对京剧很好奇,我很高兴向你介绍它。know的逻辑主语是I,I发出know的动作,因此应该使用know的现在分词作原因状语,故将Know改为Knowing。
2.考查冠词。句意:京剧的历史可以追溯到18世纪后期,在清代得到了充分发展和认可。此处表示特指意义,指的是十八世纪晚期,故在late前加the。
3.考查时态。句意:京剧的历史可以追溯到18世纪后期,在清代得到了充分发展和认可。由句子的时间状语the late 18th century可知,本句应使用一般过去时,故将becomes改为became。
4.考查并列连词。句意:作为音乐,声乐表演和舞蹈的结合,京剧可以为听众带来耳目一新的感觉盛宴。music、vocal performance及dance三者是并列的关系,故将or改为and。
5.考查固定短语。句意:作为音乐,声乐表演和舞蹈的结合,京剧可以为听众带来耳目一新的感觉盛宴。offer sb sth是固定短语,意为“提供某物给某人”,故将with 去掉。
6.考查名词的数。句意:表演者穿着色彩鲜艳的服装和彩妆,与所扮演角色的个性相符。performer是可数名词,在句子中是泛指意义,且谓语是wear,应使用复数形式,故将Performer改为Performers。
7.考查定语从句的连接词。句意:表演者穿着色彩鲜艳的服装和彩妆,与所扮演角色的个性相符。分析句子结构可知,逗号后是非限定性定语从句,引导词指代的是逗号前的先行词costumes 和 make-ups,因此使用which引导定语从句。故将that改为which。
8.考查副词。句意:我强烈建议你参观梅兰芳剧院看一场京剧表演。副词作状语修饰动词,high 和highly都可以作为副词. high指具体的百高,如度: He jumps high 他跳的很高。 highly 指抽象的回高,如:My teacher spoke highly of what I did. 老师对我的行为做出了高度评价。英语中类似用法还答有:deep/deeply, close/closely 等。此处表示“高度地评价”,是抽象意义,故将 high改为highly。
9.考查副词的比较级。句意:希望我的介绍可以帮助你比以前更好地了解京剧。由后面的than before可知,副词well应该使用比较级的形式,故将 well改为better。
10.考查人称代词。句意:如果你有任何疑问,请随时问我。主句是祈使句,意为“你不要犹豫来问我”,因此不能使用反身代词myself,应用宾格me。故将 myself改为me。
Text 8.(2020·湖南高三二模)
【答案】1.group→groups
2.is→are
3.whom→them
4.去掉lack后of
5.在goal前加a
6.or→and
7.more→much
8.solve→solving
9.ourselves→themselves
10.what→as
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了如何去关爱困难学生的方法。
1.考查名词的数。group为可数名词,some后需用可数名词复数。故将group改为groups。
2.考查主谓一致和时态。本句是here引导的倒装句,主语是my loving ideas,复数,介绍方法,谓语动词需用一般现在时态,所以be动词需用are。故将is改为are。
3.考查代词。此处需用most of them作介词with的宾语。故将whom改为them。
4.考查动词。lack缺乏,及物动词,直接接宾语,无需接介词of。故去掉lack后of。
5.考查冠词。此处需用不定冠词a/an,表示设定一个目标,goal是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以此处需不定冠词a。故在goal前加a。
6.考查连词。此处setting a goal for them “为他们设定一个目标”和then work together towards it. “然后一起努力。”之间表示并列关系,所以空处需用并列连词and。故将or改为and。
7.考查形容词。as…as…固定搭配,此处需用形容词或副词的原形, as much help as possible尽可能多的帮助,固定搭配。故将more改为much。
8.考查非谓语动词。此处连词or连接的两个表示选择关系的并列成分,前后形式需一致,由前文sharing good study methods with them可知,此处需用solving。故将solve改为solving。
9.考查反身代词。根据encourage them 可知,因为是鼓励他们,所以此处表示相信他们自己。故将ourselves改为themselves。
10.考查固定搭配和as引导定语从句。as we (all) know众所周知,固定搭配,此处as引导非限制性定语从句。故将what改为as。
Text 9.(2020·湖南高三二模)
【答案】1. he→who
2. living→lives
3. think→thinks
4.去掉it
5. mine→my
6. sometime→sometimes
7. ask→asking
8. toothbrush→toothbrushes
9.. such后加a
10. How→What
【解析】
本文是一篇求助信。作者主要就自己朋友的舍友的一些不顾及他人感受的生活习惯向编辑求助,希望编辑能就自己朋友该做些什么给出建议。
1.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我上高中的朋友李明住在一个宿舍里。错误所在的句子“he studies in a high school,”是一个完整的句子,但前面有逗号且以逗号结尾,故此句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为Li Ming,指人,故将he改为who。
2.考查谓语动词。句意:我上高中的朋友李明住在一个宿舍里。分析错误所在的句子“My friend Li Ming, who studies in a high school, living in a dormitory.”结构可知主语为My friend Li Ming,“living”处是谓语,中间是一个定语从句,修饰主语,结合上下文的时态可知此处谓语也用一般现在时态,故将living改成lives。
3.考查主谓一致。句意:他和我谈到一个和他住在一起的学生,他从不考虑别人的感受。who在从句中做主语,代替前文的one student,是一个单数主语,故从句中的谓语也要用单数,故将think改成thinks。
4. 考查定语从句的结构。句意:这个学生经常把他的脏袜子扔在桌子上,它经常掉在我朋友的午餐盒上。分析“which it often fall onto the lunch box of mine friend.”的句子结构可知which指代前文的socks在从句中做主语,谓语为fall,由此可知句中的it多余,故答案是去掉it。
5.考查人称代词。句意:这个学生经常把他的脏袜子扔在桌子上,它经常掉在我朋友的午餐盒上。friend是名词,前面需要一个形容词物主代词修饰,故将mine改成my。
6.考查频度副词。句意:更重要的是,他有时没有得到允许就喝别人茶杯的水。根据句意可知此处要用频度副词sometimes,故将sometime改成sometimes。
7.考查介词后的成分。句意:更重要的是,他有时没有得到允许就喝别人茶杯的水。without是介词,介词之后通常接名词/动名词/代词等,故将ask改为asking。
8.考查名词单复数。句意:更糟糕的是,他甚至用别人的牙刷。根据“other people其他人的”可知其后名词要用复数,故将toothbrush改为toothbrushes。
9.考查固定搭配。句意:想像一下和这样一个人合住一间房! such (a/an)+名词是固定搭配,意为:如此地一个……,故要在such后a。
10.考查特殊疑问句。句意:我的朋友能做些什么呢?本文是征询意见,即具体的处理方法,结合句意可知要将How改为What。
Text 10.(2020·重庆北碚·高三一模)
【答案】(1) the→ an;
(2) carried→ carry;
(3) and→ but;
(4) I→ he;
(5) moving→ moved;
(6) what→ where;
(7) asks→ asked;
(8) 在make前加to;
(9) 去掉on;
(10)were→ was。
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者和汤姆在街上散步时遇到老人摔倒并为老人做急救的过程。
1.考查冠词。这里是第一次提到老人,所以用不定冠词,old以元音音素开头,所以用不定冠词an,故将the改为an。
2.考查虚拟语气。suggest建议,其后接的宾语从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略,故将carried改为carry。
3.考查并列连词。句意:我建议送老人去医院,……Tom不赞同。此处前后分句是转折关系,要用but,故将and改为but。
4.考查人称代词。此处是逻辑错误,根据前句He had learned first aid,所以此处是“他说”,故将I改为he。
5.考查被动语态。句意:他说老人一定不能移动。主语the old man和动词move之间是被动关系,要用被动语态,此处有情态动词must,所以被动结构是be+过去分词,故将moving改为moved。
6.考查状语从句。句意:我们应该让老人待在原处。根据句意,此处是where引导的地点状语从句,故将what改为where。
7.考查动词时态。根据时间状语yesterday,可知短文是一般过去时,故将asks改为asked。
8.考查动词不定式。句意:汤姆让我给急救中心打电话,他用嘴对嘴的方式让老人呼吸。根据句意,此处作目的状语,所以用动词不定式,故在make前加to。
9.考查不及物动词和介词。句意:老人开始稍微活动了。move活动,移动,此处是不及物动词,故去掉on。
10.考查主谓一致。what we had done是一件事,谓语动词应用是第三人称单数,所以be动词用was,故将were改为was。
Text 11.(2020·安徽淮北·高三一模)
【答案】1.exciting→excited
2.miss→missing
3.在familiar后加with
4.stood→stands
5.one→ones
6.has→have
7.Before→After
8.删掉kind前面a
9. what→that
10. happy→happily
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者描述了在即将进入大学之前的一些感受。
1.考查形容词。此处是让步状语从句的省略,当时间/条件/让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词,同时修饰的是主语I的感情,应使用ed结尾形容词,excited“(感到)兴奋的”,而exciting“令人兴奋的”,常修饰物。本句完整句子为Although (I am) excited about entering college, I can't help…故exciting改为excited。
2.考查非谓语动词。根据短语can’t help doing表示“情不自禁做……”后跟动词-ing形式。故miss改为missing。
3.考查介词。根据短语be familiar with表示“熟悉”。故在familiar后加with。
4.考查动词时态。此处描述客观事实应使用一般现在时,且主语为nature,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故stood改为stands。
5.考查代词。此处指代上文plants and animals,应用ones泛指复数名词。故one改为ones。
6.考查主谓一致。本句主语为we,且时态为一般现在时,谓语动词应该使用have。故has改为have。
7.考查介词。句意:在知道这件事情之后,我冷静下来了。表示“在……之后”应用after。句首字母要大写。故Before改为After。
8.考查冠词。根据短语kind of表示“有点儿,有几分”,常用来修饰形容词和副词。故删掉kind前面a。
9.考查定语从句。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the most wonderful thing,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且该先行词被形容词最高级修饰,所以定语从句关系代词只能用that。故what改为that。
10. 考查副词。此处修饰动词accept,应用happy的副词形式happily,表示“开心地”。故happy改为happily。
Text 12.(2020·福建三明一中高二期中)
【答案】
【解析】本文是一封感谢信。文章作者主要感谢好朋友Ben在过去的三年里给作者的帮助和喜怒哀乐。
第一处:考查时态。句意:毕业即将来临。根据句意可知用现在进行时态,故把draw改为drawing。
第二处:考查名词。形容词修饰名词,故把kind改为kindness。
第三处:考查时态。根据In the last three years在最近的三年里,可知句子用现在完成时态,故把had改为have。
第四处:考查副词。句意:我非常好地记得你送我去医院。根据句意可知把much改为well。
第五处:考查非谓语动词。句意:当我的腿断的时候。have +宾语+过去分词,表被动关系,故把break改为broken。
第六处:考查冠词。固定搭配:stay in bed卧病在床。故把in the bed中的the去掉。
第七处:考查固定结构。help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事。故在my lessons前加with。
第八处:考查强调句。句意:是你的友谊用阳光填满了我的生活。此处是强调句型,故把which改为that。
第九处:考查代词。句意:我希望我们的友谊永远持续。故把my改为our。
第十处:考查短语。固定搭配:come true变成现实,故把truly改为true。
Text 13.(2020·河南罗山·高三一模)
【答案】1.去掉inventor之前的an。
2. whom→who/that
3. imagine→imagination
4. because后面加of
5. having→have
6. what→how
7. works→worked
8. much→many
9. easy→easily
10. himself→myself
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者介绍了自己最喜欢的科学家托马斯·爱迪生,并且希望自己成为一个有价值的人。
第一处:考查冠词。句意:托马斯·爱迪生出生于美国,他是一位伟大的科学家和发明家。这里“科学家和发明家”指的都是托马斯·爱迪生,inventor之前的冠词多余,故去掉inventor之前的an。
第二处:考查定语从句。whom was not worth educating.是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a boy,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,用who或that引导该从句,所以把whom改成who/that。
第三处:考查名词。介词of之后,需要接名词作宾语,所以imagine改成imagination。
第四处:考查固定用法。because后面接句子,而because of 后面接成分,这里接了一个成分,所以because后面加of。
第五处:考查固定用法。句意:据说他有1000多项发明。be said to do 据说,该用法是固定用法,所以having改成have。
第六处:考查宾语从句。句意:在他的一生中,他总是渴望知道万物是如何运作的。这里含有一个宾语从句,引导词在从句中表示“怎样,如何”的意思,用how引导该从句,所以what改成how。
第七处:考查时态。句意:他也很勤奋,夜以继日的工作。根据He was also very diligent可知描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以works改成worked。
第八处:考查固定用法。so much用于修饰不可数名词,so many用于修饰可数名词,这里inventions是可数名词,所以much改成many。
第九处:考查副词。修饰动词achieved,用副词,所以easy改成easily。
第十处:考查反身代词。句意:也许我自己不能成为另一个爱迪生,但我会努力成为一个有价值的人。这里指“我自己”,所以himself改成myself。
Text 14.(2020·石嘴山市第三中学高三三模)
【答案】第一处:quick→quickly
第二处:there→here
第三处:I→me
第四处:在 population 前加不定冠词 a
第五处:who→which
第六处:wore→wearing/wear
第七处:speaker→speakers
第八处:were→are
第九处:so→but/and
第十处:去掉 similar 后面的 to
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在上海旅游回家后的感悟,他认为不同文化可以和谐相处。
第一处:考查副词。修饰前面的动词短语 gone by 应该用其副词形式作状语。故将quick改为quickly。
第二处:考查副词。此处指作者返回美国的家里后,回想起在上海旅游时的经历,因此应该使用 here,表示“在家”,而非在上海。故将there改为here。
第三处:考查代词。作动词 help 的宾语应该使用其宾格形式。故将I改为me。
第四处:考查冠词。在 population 前加不定冠词a。a population of...“……的人口”。 故在 population 前加 a。
第五处:考查定语从句的关系词。此处是定语从句,先行词为前面的 population,指物,且在句中作主语,故用关系代词 which 引导非限制性定语从句。故将who改为which。
第六处:考查非谓语动词。see sb. doing“看见某人做某事”,表示动作在进行;see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事,强调动作已完成。二者在此处都说得通。但最佳还是 wearing。故将wore改为wearing/wear。
第七处:考查名词的数。此处表示作者听到从“喇叭”里面传出的美国音乐。speaker“喇叭;扬声器”,是可数名词,在这里应该用其复数形式。故将speaker改为speakers。
第八处:考查时态。此处表示一种事实,故用一般现在时态。故将were改为are。
第九处:考查连词。分析句意“中国文化不同,西方文化也是如此”可知, 前后语境为转折关系或者并列关系。故将so改为but/and。
第十处:考查介词 。根据句意可知,此处是 similar 作表语,后面的to 多余,如果有 to 的话,to 后面还应有宾语。故去掉 similar 后面的 to。
Text 15.(2020·四川成都·龙泉中学高三开学考试)
【答案】1. which→who
2. had→has
3. into后加a
4. introduced→introducing
5. Therefore→However
6. after→before
7. on→at
8. 删除to
9. locally→local
10. his→her
【解析】这是一篇记叙文,简要讲述了一个让全世界很多人都受到启发的人--李子柒的故事。她通过拍摄视频介绍了中国传统文化。
1. 考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意:我喜欢李子柒,她激励了全世界很多人。由分析句子得出,逗号之后的句子是对李子柒做补充说明,因而属于非限制性定语从句。先行词Li Ziqi在从句中做主语,所以,关系代词要用who。故which改为who。
2. 考查现在完成时。句意:这些年来,她已经从一个乡村女孩,转变成了食物和生活方式专家。当时间状语是over the+时间段时,主句的时态要用完成时。结合前一个句子,得出本篇文章用的是现在时,所以本句要用现在完成时。故had改为has。
3. 考查冠词。句意同上面解释。当可数名词以单数形式出现时,需要加上冠词。结合本句,从一个乡村女孩变成了一个专家,所以要加上冠词。故into后加上a。
4. 考查现在分词作状语。句意:她因制作介绍中国传统文化之美的录像而闻名于世。本句属于简单句,其中: She has become worldwide famous 为主句,其后by making videos introducing the beauty of traditional Chinese culture做方式状语,因为介绍中国传统文化的美,动作的发出者和句子主语she一致,所以要用现在分词形式。故introduced改为introducing。
5. 考查副词。句意;然而,她的成功并不容易。根据前后句子的逻辑关系,可以得出用转折副词。故therefore改为however。
6. 考查时间状语从句。句意:在她14岁时去城里工作之前,她父亲的去世让她和祖父母一起生活在一个贫穷的村庄。根据句意可知,父亲的去世发生在她去城市工作之前。故after改为before。
7. 考查介词。句意同上。此处为固定搭配:at the age of 在……岁时。故on改为at。
8. 考查介词。句意:2012年,李回到家乡,开了一家网店,销售当地产品。home为地点副词,其前面不用介词。故to要删掉。
9. 考查形容词。句意同上。句中products为名词,修饰名词要用形容词。故locally改为local。
10. 考查人称代词。句意:2016年,她开始通过拍摄她的产品是如何创作的,来展示中国文化。全文讲述的都是李的成功故事,所以后面的代词应该和主语一致。故his改为her。
Text 16.(2020·四川成都经开区实验中学高三开学考试)
【答案】come→came
an→a
there→where
extreme→extremely
held后面加上to
attraction→attractions
which→what
admire→admiring
with→without
删除lot后的of
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者今年国庆节去天安门观看升旗仪式和阅兵式以及参观一些景点的经过和感想。
1. 考查时态。结合上下文可知作者梦想“实现”的动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时,故将come改为came。
2. 考查冠词。结合句意此处应译为“一个为期一天的旅行”,故应用不定冠词表示泛指,又one是辅音音素开头,应用a,故将an改为a。
3. 考查定语从句。分析句子可知此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词Tian’anmen Square在从句中充当地点状语,故应用关系副词where,故将there改为where。
4. 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词proud,故将extreme改为extremely。
5. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处应用非谓语动词,再结合句意“举行阅兵式来庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年”可知此处表目的,应用不定式,故在held后加to。
6. 考查名词的数。根据other(其他的)判断此处应用名词复数形式,故将attraction改为attractions。
7. 考查宾语从句连接词。分析句子可知for后是宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,故应用连接代词what,故将which改为what。
8. 考查固定短语。此处考查短语can’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事,故将admire改为admiring。
9. 考查介词。句意:毫无疑问这次旅行对我意义重大。结合句意可知此处应译为“毫无疑问”,“没有”是without,故将with改为without。
10. 考查介词。修饰动词meant应用a lot(非常),故删除lot后的of。
Text 17.(2020·甘肃高三二模)
【答案】1.去掉America后的in
2.exciting →excited
3.learning →learn
4.the →a
5.Therefore →However
6.because →that
7.have →are
8.or →and
9.appreciate后加it
10.advises →advice
【解析】本文是应用文。作者将飞往美国参加下周的美国文化之旅,这能帮助作者开阔眼界,多了解美国的风俗习惯和历史,也是一个练习英语的好机会。但因担心和当地人交流有困难,希望对方能给一些适当的建议。
1.考查介词。句意:我将飞往贵国参加下周的美国文化之旅。当next, last, this, that, every等限定词修饰时间状语时,前面一般不用任何介词。故去掉America后的in。
2.考查形容词。句意:我很兴奋,因为我参观美国的梦想将实现。-ed结尾的形容词作表语,用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化,其主语是人。-ing结尾的形容词作表语表示主语的性质和特征。此处应是前者,故exciting改为excited。
3.考查动词不定式。句意:我希望能开阔眼界,多了解贵国的风俗习惯和历史。open my eyes与learn more about the customs and history of your country是并列不定式结构,learn前省略了to。故learning改为learn。
4.考查冠词。句意:这是一个练习英语的好机会。chance是可数名词,单数形式前加不定冠词a表示泛指一次机会,故the改为a。
5.考查副词。句意:然而,我担心的一件事是我和当地人交流有困难。前后两个分句之间表示转折关系而非因果关系,用副词however。故Therefore改为However。
6.考查名词性从句连接词。句意:然而,我担心的一件事是我和当地人交流有困难。表语从句 I may have difficulty communicating with local people不缺少成分,用连词that引导。故because改为that。
7.考查固定句型。句意:中美之间有许多文化差异。There be句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为There be(is/are/was/were)+名词+地点状语;have表示“有”时不可与there连用。故have改为are。
8.考查固定短语。句意:中美之间有许多文化差异。between …and“在……之间,在两者中间”,是固定搭配。故or改为and.
9.考查固定句型。句意:如果你能给我一些适当的建议,我将不胜感激。would appreciate it if …意为“如果……将不胜感激”,是固定句型,其中it是形式宾语。故appreciate后加it。
10.考查不可数名词。句意:如果你能给我一些适当的建议,我将不胜感激。advice是不可数名词,没有复数形式。故advises改为advice。
Text 18.(2020·湖北高三二模)
【答案】(1)dreams→dream
(2)I后加was
(3)exciting→excited
(4)a→an
(5)去掉until前with
(6)In→At
(7)retire→retired
(8)You→I
(9)that→if或that后加if
(10)health→healthy
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者从小就立志当一名医生,最终被一所医学院录取。通过努力工作,不久作者就成了一名有经验的医生。作者60岁退休了,但仍然关心年轻医生。
(1)考查名词的数。 句意:我在整个小学和中学都坚持我的梦想。 dream是可数名词,根据语境只有当医生一个梦想,应用单数形式。 故dreams改为dream。
(2)考查固定短语。句意:当我被医学院录取时,我非常兴奋。结合句意表示“被……录取”短语为be admitted to,且事情发生在过去应用一般过去时,主语为I,be动词用was。故I后加was。
(3)考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词,-ing结尾形容词用于修饰物。 故exciting改为excited。
(4)考查不定冠词。doctor为可数名词,此处表示泛指“一名医生”应用不定冠词,且experienced为元音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词an。 故a改为an。
(5)考查介词。 句意:我直到30多岁才结婚。短语get married with sb.表示“跟某人结婚”,此处后面没有宾语,故介词with是多余。故去掉until前with。
(6)考查介词。句意:我60岁退休了,但我经常在年轻医生需要我的时候帮助他们。结合句意表示“在……岁时”短语为at the age of…。故In改为At。
(7)考查动词时态。句意同上。此处讲述的是过去的事情,要用一般过去时。故retire改为retired。
(8)考查代词。句意:我不太担心我的健康问题。 本文作者用第一人称讲述,此处应是作者本人,应用代词I。故You改为I。
(9)考查连词。句意:我相信如果我不在乎他们,他们不会使我烦恼。 believe后接宾语从句中为条件状语从句,表示“如果”应用if,且宾语从句中that可省略,故可将that改为if,或在that后加if。
(10)考查形容词。句意:所以我今天仍然健康快乐。be动词后接形容词healthy,作表语,表示“健康的”。故health改为healthy。
Text 19.(2020·陕西安康·高三三模)
【答案】1.tree→trees
2.that→which
3.written→writing
4.part后添加in
5.we前面添加and
6.the→a
7.去掉to
8.would→will
9.certain→certainly
10.later→late
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。作者写信邀请朋友参加班级周末的植树活动,介绍了活动安排和需要准备的物品。
1. 考查名词的数。tree为可数名词,前文没有冠词,故应用复数形式。故tree改为trees。
2. 考查定语从句。句意:这个周末,我们学校计划在西山上植树,那是我们镇以西大约10英里的地方。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the West Hill,且先行词在句中作主语,指地方故用关系代词which引导,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为which。
3. 考查时态语态。句意:我写信来邀请你参加这个有意义的活动,我们7点在学校门口集合,然后乘公交车去。此处表示“我现在正在写信”,应用现在进行时态的主动语态。故written改为writing。
4.考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表示“参加”短语为take part in。故part后面加in。
5.考查连词。句意:我写信来邀请你参加这个有意义的活动,我们7点在学校门口集合,然后乘公交车去。前后文为完整的句子,不能用逗号连接,结合句意可知为顺承关系,应用连词and连接。故we前面加and。
6.考查冠词。bus为可数名词,此处泛指“一辆公交”用不定冠词,且bus为辅音音素开头的单词应用a。故the改为a。
7. 考查情态动词。句意:我们不必携带食物或水,因为我们的学校会为我们准备。本句中need为情态动词,句中为其否定形式needn't,表示“不必”,后跟动词原形,故去掉to。
8. 考查时态。句意同上。指这个周末要发生的事情,所以用一般将来时。故would改为will。
9. 考查副词。句意:请带上毛巾,因为我们肯定会出汗。修饰动词go应用副词certainly,表示“肯定”。故certain改为certainly。
10.考查副词。句意:请不要迟到,我们会准时出发的。根据上文be可知此处应用形容词late作表语,表示“迟到的”,later为副词表示“后来”,或者是late的比较级,表示“更晚的”,不符合语境。故later改为late。
Text 20.(2020·北大成都附属实验学校高三开学考试)
【答案】1.advices→advice
2.support→supported
3.out→down
4.However→Besides/Moreover
5.regular→regularly
6.take后添加a
7.Have→Having
8.you→we
9.stayed→stay
10.去掉that
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者就如何保持健康提供了一些自己的建议。
1.考查名词。句意:关于如何保持健康,我想提供我的建议。advice为不可数名词,没有复数形式。故advices改为advice。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:我们知道,我们青少年正在经历一个快速的增长,这需要一个健康和平衡的饮食支持。根据上文need to be done“需要被……”,可知应用过去分词。故support改为supported。
3.考查固定短语。句意:因此,我们需要各种各样的食物,但减少富含糖或脂肪的食物。短语cut out表示“切断”,结合句意此处表示“减少”应用短语cut down。故out改为down。
4.考查副词。句意:此外,我们应该经常锻炼身体。结合句意可知表示“此外,而且”应用连接副词besides或moreover。故However改为Besides/Moreover。
5.考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰动词take应用副词,故regular改为regularly。
6.考查冠词。句意:例如,放学后我们可以打篮球或散步。短语take a walk“散步”,故take后添加a。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:有足够的睡眠是非常重要的。本句中缺少主语,需要动名词短语having enough sleep做主语,故Have改为Having。
8.考查代词。句意:因此,我们应该每天至少有8个小时的睡眠,不要熬夜太晚。结合句意可知表示“我们”应用代词we。故you改为we。
9.考查动词时态。句意同上。根据上文every day可知应用一般现在时,故stayed改为stay。
10.考查倒装句。句意:只有这样我们才能保持健康。本句为“only+状语/状语从句”位于句首时,句子的主语和谓语或主句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。故不需要that。故去掉that。
Text 21.(2020·贵州铜仁·高三二模)
【答案】1.去掉been
2.especial→especially
3.a→an
4.and→but
5.equipments→equipment
6.we→they
7.have→has
8.that→which
9.talk前添加to
10.walk→walking
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者以自己祖父母家为例,说明了自己家乡在过去十年间发生的巨大变化。
1.考查被动语态。句意:多亏了中国的脱贫政策,在过去的十年里,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化,尤其是在生活条件方面。短语take place表示“发生”,没有被动语态。故去掉been。
2.考查副词。修饰后文介词短语in the living conditions,应用副词especially,表示“尤其”。故especial改为especially。
3.考查冠词。名词example为元音音素开头的单词,故应用不定冠词an。故a改为an。
4.考查连词。句意:他们过去住在一所没有什么家具的小房子里,但现在他们已搬进了一幢有现代化电子设备的两层楼房里。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系,应用连词but。故and改为but。
5.考查名词。句意同上。equipment为不可数名词。故equipments改为equipment。
6.考查代词。句意:在过去,他们不得不请人写信给我的父母保持联系。结合句意可知表示“他们”,指代grandparents应用代词they。故we改为they。
7.考查主谓一致。each是做主语they的同位语,谓语要与主语保持一致,主语为they,故谓语动词应用原形。故have改为has。
8.考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子,且从句中缺少主语,故应用关系代词which,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为which。
9.考查介词。句意:他们甚至学会了用微信跟我们说话。结合句意表示“用某物做……”短语为use sth. to do…。故talk前添加to。
10.考查非谓语动词。上文of为介词,后跟动名词作宾语。故walk改为walking。
专题四 备考策略
一、把握"三""四""五",共十二个考点
三个必考点:1. 名词的单复数;2. 介词的误用、多用或少用;3. 动词时态不一致。
四个常考点:1. 连词的误用、多用或少用;2. 冠词的误用、多用或少用;3. 词语辨析;4. 词性误用。
五个考点:1. 代词;2. 非谓语动词;3. 情态动词;4. 主谓一致;5. 形容词的比较级和最高级。
二、考法
1. 8个改词1个添词1个删词,记住比例是:8:1:1;
2. 每句有0—2个错误;
3. 需要变形的词语通常是名词、动词、形容词、副词等;
4. 少词一般是添加冠词、介词、连词、不定式的to,以及物主代词;
5. 多词一般是删掉冠词、介词、助动词等。
【核心思路】根据考点找错误,又快又准高速度。
三、三个方面
1. 词法:介词、冠词、连词的多用,少用或误用,词性误用,非谓语动词,各类词缀,如否定前缀,名词、形容词、副词后缀;
2. 句法:主谓一致,时态一致,名词的单复数一致,代词的格和数一致;
3. 行文逻辑:并列句中两个简单句的关系,因果、转折、选择、并列关系等。
短文改错解题口诀
口诀一:
短文改错有妙计,完整一致看仔细。词法侧重冠名动,形副互换要留意。
分词出现多琢磨,主动被动加语气。全文一处多一词,一处少词关介词。
时态人称要统一,连词用法重逻辑。短文改错要做好, 常见类型应记牢。
口诀二:
名词爱考数与格,冠词在前"错、多、少";
动词时态和语态,非谓语搭配莫错了;
连代形副错一样,多是故意来混淆;介词多半考搭配,多漏误用想周到;
句法涉及到"一致",从句多考关系词。词法句法均未错,逻辑推理去寻找。
"811" 排列是规律,回读复查敲定稿。
注 1. "一致"包括主谓一致,数、性、格等的一致。
2. 811常指:8处错误,1处多词,1处少词。
四、解题步骤
1 浏览全文,掌握大意
2 分句阅读,逐行找错
3 由易到难, 各个击破
4 检查核对,注意方法
具体解题步骤:
做短文改错通常遵循以下几个步骤:通读文章,了解大意;逐句分析,行中找错;再读短文,检查漏洞。即按照文章→句子→行→文章的顺序。
第一步:通读全文,了解大意。短文改错是考查考生在理解的基础上对语篇整体的识错、纠错能力,必须从全篇考虑,而不能只顾一句或一行。要理解文章的谋篇布局,弄清楚整篇文章的意思。在阅读过程中,要注意行文逻辑、文章的时态以及人称等。
第二步:逐句分析,行中找错。尽管短文改错是以行设置错误的,但语言毕竟是以句子为完整意义单位的。所以,可以逐句分析,看看单句是否有错;如果有错,有几处错误,是什么错误,再看看错误在哪一行。把"短文改错"转化为"单句改错",然后再在行中找错,这样就会降低难度。
第三步:再读短文,检查漏洞。做完以后,再把文章阅读一遍,检查是否有遗漏情况,尤其注意上下句之间的逻辑关系。多读一遍,就有可能把某些不清楚的地方理顺。
名校模拟题汇编
Text 1(2020·湖北蔡甸·汉阳一中高三三模)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My friend Fang, an exchange student in UK, is one of the most amazing people I have ever met. He just never seemed to suffer from any kind of stress, even when he faces unexpecting difficulties. To everyone's surprise, he has never failed an exam. Fang believes that exams are just exams but that it's necessary to worry about them all the time. He is an optimistic person by nature and I real admire his way of thinking. Which makes me ashamed of is that I am always nervous facing the exams. For examples, I can't concentrate on my studies; I am too afraid of the results before the exams. It's time for me to learn from her now.
Text 2(2020·六盘山高级中学高三二模)
On January 5th, students in our school visited Robot World, which we saw a great diversity of robot. It was amazed to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people, including playing chess, playing piano and drawing pictures. What’s more, the robots were in different kinds and shapes, which made us enjoyable. In addition, that excited me most was the show given by a group of robots. They danced just as if they are dancers on the stage. By visiting Robot World, I have learned a lot of about robots, especial about their functions and shapes. The great human wisdom is S0 powerful that it make us feel more comfortable live in the world.
Text 3(2020·西藏乃东·山南二中高三三模)
A proverb says, “Time is money.” But on my opinion, time is even more valuable than money. Why? Because when money is spent, we can earn them back. However, when time is gone, it will never return. This is the reason that we must value time. The time for our study and work is quite limit. But there are a number of people who do not know the important of time. They kill time by chatting or drinking. They didn’t realize that wasting time is simple wasting their valuable lives. In word, we should develop the good habit of saving time. Don’t leave what can be do today till tomorrow. Laziness will not only bring to us failure but also make us lead a poor life.
Text 4 (2020·安徽马鞍山·高三一模)
Sun Yang, a famous Chinese swimmer, is known to the world. Born in 1991, he is 1.98 meters in high and 89 kilos in weight. As swimmer, he always trains hardly. That’s why he could win two gold prize in the 2012 London Olympics, which were a great honor for our country. Although he once makes mistakes in the view of the public, but in the 2013 World Swimming Championships he made amazed achievements. Sun Yang is very brilliant that he has many fans. We should be pleased to take her as our role model.
Text 5(2020·宜宾市叙州区第一中学校高三开学考试)
Sometimes 1 feel that living in a city makes people lonely than before. People always feel strangers cannot trusted. They think this is not normal to start talking to anyone or even smile at anyone. I desire to change that. Last week, while I was skate, a man ran by, smiling at me. He said something to me about doing sports or he hoped to be able to finishing his run. I smiled back and said that he certain would. And then a family cycles by when I was in the park. One of the girl waved at me with a big smile, and I waved back enthusiastically. I do believe such small gestures can change into the world we live in.
Text 6(2020·云南民族大学附属中学高三二模)
Senior Three student will face the question after they pass by the college entrance examination. “Should I choose a good major and a good university?” Some students prefer to consider majors first so that they can learn which they are interested in. It will also make it possible for them take their favorite jobs in the future. However, those who think differently believes that the environment is important to one’s development. They also believe that students graduated from leading universities are often more likely to find good jobs. In my opinion, a best choice is to choose a good major at a good university. But if they can’t obtain both, the first thing to consider was a good major. Because no matter where they study, we can still achieve a lot in a certain field if they try their best.
Text 7.(2020·河北石家庄·高三月考)
Dear Jim,
How is everything going? Known that you are curious about Peking Opera, I'm more than glad to introduce it to you.
Dating back to late 18th century, Peking Opera becomes fully developed and recognized during the Qing Dynasty. As a combination of music, vocal performance or dance, Peking Opera can offer audience with a feast for the eyes and ears. Performer wear colorful costumes and make-ups, that are in line with the personalities of the roles that they play.
I high recommend you visit the Mei Lanfang Theater to see a Peking Opera show. Hopefully, my introduction has helped you well understand Peking Opera than before. If you have any question, don't hesitate to ask myself.
Text 8.(2020·湖南高三二模)
What people need is love and support, especially some special group of people. Here is my loving ideas for students with difficulty in learning.
I think the main problem with most of whom is that they lack of motivation. So we may help them to get motivated by setting goal for them or then work together towards it. Meanwhile, we can give them as more help as possible, sharing good study methods with them or solve problems for them. What's more, we should always encourage them to believe in ourselves. Confidence, what we all know,is absolutely vital to learning.
Text 9.(2020·湖南高三二模)
Dear editor,
My friend Li Ming, he studies in a high school, living in a dormitory. He talks with me about one student living with him who never think about how other people feel. For example, the student often throws his dirty socks on the table, which it often fall onto the lunch box of mine friend. What’s more, he sometime drinks the water from other people’s teacups without ask for permission. Worse still, he even uses other people’s toothbrush. Just imagine sharing a room with such person! How can my friend do? He has asked me for help and now I’m asking for yours.
Yours sincerely,
Wang Ping
Text 10.(2020·重庆北碚·高三一模)
Yesterday, Tom and I were walking down the street when we saw the old man fall off his bike. I suggested we carried the old man to hospital, and Tom did not agree. He had learned first aid, so I said that the old man mustn't be moving. We should leave him what he was and check him first. Seeing that the old man wasn't breathing, Tom asks me to call the First-aid Center and he used the mouth-to-mouth way make the old man breathe. Soon the old man began to move on a little and the doctors also arrived. They said what we had done were right.
Text 11.(2020·安徽淮北·高三一模)
My senior high school life is almost over. Although exciting about entering college, I can't help miss those good old days so much that I feel sad. I'm unwilling to say goodbye to everyone and everything I am familiar. However, I come to realize nature never. stood still. Different seasons come and go. Plants and animals die mid new one come to life. We, like everything in nature, has to adapt to the changes. Before knowing it, I am a kind of calm. Now I'd like to recall the most wonderful things which have happened, and accept happy whatever is to happen.
Text 12.(2020·福建三明一中高二期中)
Dear Ben,
As graduation is draw near,I'd like to express my sincere gratitude to you for your kind.
In the last three years,you had shared my joys and sorrows,making my school life unforgettable.I remember very much that you sent me to hospital when I had my left leg break.During the days when I had to stay in the bed,you comforted me and helped me my lessons.It is your friendship which fills my life with sunshine.I hope my friendship will last forever and I also hope all your dreams will come truly in the future.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
Text 13.(2020·河南罗山·高三一模)
Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and an inventor. He was once thought to be a boy whom was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagine.
I admire Edison a lot because his great contributions to the world. He is said to having more than 1,000 inventions. In his lifetime, he was always eager to know what everything worked. He was also very diligent and works day and night. And this explained why he had so much great inventions.
Success can never be easy achieved. Probably I can’t be another Edison himself, but I will work hard to be a worthy person.
Text 14.(2020·石嘴山市第三中学高三三模)
I’ve been in Shanghai for weeks and it has all gone by so quick. Now I’m there reflecting on how this experience has helped I better understand Chinese culture. Shanghai has population of over 23 million people, who is more than the population of the top 8 most populated cities in the U.S. combined. All throughout my stay in China, I’ve seen Chinese people wore shirts with English words on them, and heard American music coming from speaker. I’ve felt comfortable in China, and although there were differences, it’s not hard to adjust. Chinese culture is different, so Western culture is too, and in this way, they’re so similar to.
Text 15.(2020·四川成都·龙泉中学高三开学考试)
I like Li Ziqi, which has inspired many people all over the world. Over the years, she had transformed from a village girl into food and lifestyle expert. She has become worldwide famous by making videos introduced the beauty of traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, Li’s success did not come easy. Her father’s death left her living with her grandparents in a poor village after she went to work in the city on the age of 14. In 2012, Li returned to home and opened an online shop to sell locally products. In 2016, she began to display Chinese culture by filming how his products were created.
Text 16.(2020·四川成都经开区实验中学高三开学考试)
I like travelling and my dream of visiting Beijing, the capital city of our country, come true during the National Day holidays this year. My mother booked an one-day tour for me. On the morning of October 1st I went to Tian’anmen Square with one of my classmates , there we watched the flag-raising ceremony. As I watched the flag rising slowly, I sang the national anthem, feeling extreme proud. Several hours later, a grand military parade was held mark the People's Republic of China's 70th founding anniversary. In the afternoon we decided to go to other famous tourist attraction, like the Great Wall. When we reached the destination, it was crowded with tourists. I was glad for which those volunteers had done for little kids and elderly people . Standing on the Great wall, we couldn’t help admire the splendid scenery. This travelling, with doubt, meant a lot of to me.
Text 17.(2020·甘肃高三二模)
Dear Mike,
How is it going? I am flying to your country to attend the Culture Trip to America in next week. I feel exciting because my dream of visiting America will come true. Through the trip, I hope to open my eyes and learning more about the customs and history of your country. Besides, it is the good chance to practise my English.
Therefore, one thing I'm concerned about is because I may have difficulty communicating with local people. After all, there have many cultural differences between China or America, I'd appreciate if you could give me some proper advises.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Text 18.(2020·湖北高三二模)
As a child I always wanted to become a doctor. Ikept my dreams throughout primary school and middle school. When I admitted to a medical college, I was very exciting. After years of study I graduated and entered a children's hospital. I worked hard and soon became a experienced doctor. I did not get married with until I was over thirty. I worked during the day and after work enjoyed life with my family. In the age of 60 I retire, but I often helped young doctors when they needed me. You don't worry too much about my health problem. I believe that I don't care about them, they won't hurt me. So I am still health and happy today.
Text 19.(2020·陕西安康·高三三模)
This weekend, our school is scheduled to plant tree on the West Hill, that is about 10 miles west of our town. I'm written to invite you to take part this meaningful activity, we will gather at the school gate at seven and then take the bus there. We needn't to carry food or water, for our school would prepare them for us. All we need to do is wearing sports shoes and loose trousers. Please bring a towel as we are certain going to sweat. Please don't be later and we will set off on time.
Text 20.(2020·北大成都附属实验学校高三开学考试)
About how to keep healthy, I’d like to offer my advices. As we know, we teenagers are going through a rapid growth which needs to be support by a healthy and balanced diet. Thus, we need a variety of food but cut out the food rich in sugar or fat. However, we should take physical exercise regular. For example, we can play basketball or take walk after school. Have enough sleep is of great importance. Therefore, you should have at least eight hours of sleep every day and not stayed up too late. Only in this way that can we keep fit.
Text 21.(2020·贵州铜仁·高三二模)
Thanks to China’s anti-poverty policy, great changes have been taken place in my hometown in the past decade, especial in the living conditions. Take my grandparents’ home in the countryside as a example. They used to live in a small house with little furniture, and now they have moved into a two-storied building with modern electric equipments. In the past, we had to ask someone to write to my parents to keep contact. But they each has a mobile phone now, that makes the communication more convenient. They even have learned to use WeChat talk to us. And they mostly drive out instead of walk or ride bicycles at times.
Text 1(2020·湖北蔡甸·汉阳一中高三三模)
【答案】1. seemed→seems 2. unexpecting→unexpected 3. but→and 4. necessary→unnecessary 5. real→really 6. facing前面加when 7. examples→example 8. too→so 9. before→after 10. her→him
【解析】
【分析】
本文是记叙文,描述了作者的一个来自英国交换生朋友对考试从不紧张,让作者很佩服。
【小题1】
考查时态。此处是描述现在的常态,时态是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数he,故将seemed改成seems。
【小题2】
考查形容词。unexpected表示“难以预料的”,是固定词汇,故将unexpecting改为unexpected。
【小题3】
考查连词。句意:方认为考试仅仅就是考试,没有必要一直担心。前后句是顺承关系,所以这里用and连接。故将but改为and。
【小题4】
考查形容词。句意:方认为考试仅仅就是考试,没有必要一直担心。根据句意,此处是没有必要担心,应该用反义词,故将necessary改为unnecessary。
【小题5】
考查副词。此处修饰动词admire,需要用副词形式,故将real改为really。
【小题6】
考查连词。句意:让我感到非常羞愧的是我在面临考试的时候总是很紧张。此处I am always nervous和facing the exams之间缺少连词连接,表示当...时候,故在facing前面加when。
【小题7】
考查固定搭配。for example表示例如,是固定搭配。故将examples改为example。
【小题8】
考查副词。too表示太...的时候需要和to搭配,此处改为so。故将too改为so。
【小题9】
考查介词。句意:我在考试之后会特别害怕考试结果。根据句意,是考试之后害怕结果,故将before改为after。
【小题10】
考查代词。根据前文的he,可知这里是男性,故将her改为him。
Text 2(2020·六盘山高级中学高三二模)
【答案】1.which →where;
2.robot→robots;
3.amazed→amazing;
4.piano前加the;
5.that→what;
6.are→were;
7.of去掉;
8.especial→especially;
9.make→makes;
10.live前加to;
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了我们学校去参观机器人世界的所见所闻。
【详解】
第一处:考查定语从句。先行词为Robot world, 从句缺地点状语,所以用关系副词where。故将which 改为where。
第二处:考查名词单复数。a diversity of 表示各种各样的,所以要用复数,robot要用robots。故将robot改为robots。
第三处:考查形容词。看到机器人能像人一样做很多事情,令人惊讶,要用amazing,amazed 表示人感到吃惊。故将amazed改为amazing。
第四处:考查冠词。弹钢琴要用play the piano。故将piano前加the。
第五处:考查名词性从句。此处为主语从句,主语从句中作主语,要用what,that 在主语从句中不做成分。故将that改为what。
第六处:考查时态。此句话中的主句用了一般过去时danced,所以后句也要用过去式,they 后要用were,此处也可理解为虚拟语气,表与现在情况相反,用过去式。故将are改为were。
第七处:考查介词。of 为介词,介词后要有宾语,而此句中of 后无宾语,因此多余,a lot 做副词,在句中修饰动词learn。故将of去掉。
第八处:考查副词。此处表示尤其是他们的功能和形状,是突出强调作用,作状语,所以用especially。故将especial改为especially。
第九处:考查主谓一致。根据主句时态可知用一般现在时,再跟据主语为it,谓语用第三人称单数makes。故将make改为makes。
第十处:考查不定词,此处放在形容词后,用不定式,表原因,固定句式。故将live前加to。
Text 3(2020·西藏乃东·山南二中高三三模)
【答案】1. on→ in
2. them→ it
3. that→ why
4. limit→ limited
5. important→ importance
6. didn’t→ don’t
7. simple→ simply
8. word前加a
9. do → done
10. bring后的to去掉
【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者认为时间比金钱更宝贵并讲述了原因。
【详解】
1. 考查介词。固定短语in my opinion“在我看来”。故将on改为in。
2. 考查代词。句意:因为钱花了,还能挣回来。根据Because when money is spent可知此处是用代词指代money,而money是不可数名词,因此用代词it。故将them改为it。
3. 考查同位语从句的引导词。句意:这就是我们必须珍惜时间的原因。分析句子可知,此处是由why引导的同位语从句,做the reason的同位语。This is the reason why…“这就是…的原因”。故将that改为why。
4. 考查形容词。根据副词quite可知此处要用形容词,limited“有限的”。故将limit改为limited。
5. 考查名词。根据冠词the和介词of可知此处要用名词。故将important改为importance。
6. 考查时态。根据上文时态是一般现在时,此处也用一般现在时,且主语是They可知此处要用助动词don’t表示否定。故将didn’t改为don’t。
7. 考查副词。句意:他们没有意识到浪费时间就是浪费他们宝贵的生命。根据谓语动词is wasting可知此处要用副词修饰动词,simply“简直,仅仅”。故将simple改为simply。
8. 考查冠词。固定短语 in a word“总之”。故将word前加a。
9. 考查过去分词。根据can be可知此处要用过去分词,构成被动语态。故将do改为done。
10. 考查介词。根据bring是及物动词,可直接加宾语,因此介词to多余。故将bring后的to去掉。
Text 4 (2020·安徽马鞍山·高三一模)
【答案】1. high→height;2.在As和swimmer之间加a;3.hardly→hard;4.prize→prizes;5.were→was;6.makes→made;7.去掉in前面的but;8.amazed→amazing;9.very→so;10.her→him。
【解析】这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍中国著名游泳运动员孙杨。
【详解】
1.考查名词。句意:他出生于1991年,身高1.98米,体重89公斤。根据下文and 89 kilos in weight可知,此处使用in height“高度,在高度上”。故high改为height。
2.考查不定冠词。句意:作为一名游泳运动员,他总是努力训练。此处泛指“一名游泳运动员”,应用不定冠词,swimmer是以辅音音素开头的词,应使用a。故在As和swimmer之间加a。
3.考查副词。句意:作为一名游泳运动员,他总是努力训练。根据句意可知,此处指“他总是努力训练”, hard“努力地”,hardly “几乎不”不符合句意。故hardly改为hard。
4.考查名词复数。句意:这就是为什么他能在2012年伦敦奥运会上赢得两枚金牌,这是我们国家的巨大荣誉。根据two可知,后面的名词是复数形式。故prize改为prizes。
5.考查主谓一致。句意:这就是为什么他能在2012年伦敦奥运会上赢得两枚金牌,这是我们国家的巨大荣誉。关系词指代前面整个句子,在从句中做主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故were改为was。
6.考查一般过去时。句意:尽管他曾在公众的眼中犯过错误,但在2013年世界游泳锦标赛上,他取得了惊人的成绩。根据once“曾经”可知,句子用一般过去时。故makes改为made。
7.考查让步状语从句。句意:尽管他曾在公众的眼中犯过错误,但在2013年世界游泳锦标赛上,他取得了惊人的成绩。although引导的让步状语从句不能再用并列连词but/and/or。故去掉in前面的but。
8.考查形容词。句意:尽管他曾在公众的眼中犯过错误,但在2013年世界游泳锦标赛上,他取得了惊人的成绩。amazing“令人惊讶的”,常修饰物;amazed“感到惊讶的”,常修饰人的感情;此处修饰achievements,意为“令人惊讶的成绩”,应使用-ing结尾形容词。故把amazed改为amazing。
9.考查固定句型。句意:孙杨如此的杰出以致于他有很多粉丝。此处是固定句型:so…that…“如此……以致于……”。故very改为so。
10.考查人称代词。句意:我们应该乐于以他为榜样。根据第一句中Sun Yang, a famous Chinese swimmer,可知,孙杨是一名男游泳选手。故her改为him。
Text 5(2020·宜宾市叙州区第一中学校高三开学考试)
【答案】1.lonely→lonelier
2.在trusted前加be
3. this→it
4.skate→skating
5.or→and
6. finishing→finish
7. certain→certainly
8. cycles→cycled
9. girl→girls
10. 去掉into
【解析】这是一篇议论文。城市生活中人们总觉得陌生人不可信,作者想改变这一点,通过对陌生人微笑这些小动作来改变我们生活的世界。
【详解】
1.考查形容词比较级。根据后面的关键词than可知,此处应该用形容词 lonely的比较级形式lonelier,故将lonely改为lonelier。
2.考查被动语态。句意:人们总觉得陌生人不可信。分析句子可知,feel后面的宾语从句中,主语strangers与动词trust之间为被动关系,结合前面的情态动词可知,trust前面应加be动词形成被动语态。故在trusted前加be。
3.考查代词。句意:他们认为主动和任何人说话甚至对任何人微笑是不正常的。此处为“it is+adj.+to do sth. ”结构,it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。故将this改为it。
4.考查现在分词。句意:上周,当我滑冰的时候,一个男人从我身边跑过,冲我微笑。while引导的时间状语从句中,谓语动词常用进行时态,此处应为was+现在分词构成过去进行时。故将skate改为skating。
5.考查连词。句意:他对我说了一些关于运动的事,并希望能完成他的跑步。根据句意可知,此处前后之间为顺承关系,应该用and连接两个句子,故将or改为and。
6.考查不定式。be able to do sth意为“能够做某事”,是固定搭配。故将finishing改为finish。
7.考查副词。句意:我微笑着回应说他一定会的。分析句子可知,would后省略finish his run,故此处应该用certainly修饰动词finish。故将certain改为certainly。
8.考查时态。根据上下文的时态可知,此处应该用一般过去时。故将cycles改为cycled。
9.考查名词复数。one of后接可数名词复数,表示“……中之一”,故将girl改为girls。
10.考查介词。句意:我相信这样的小动作能改变我们生活的世界。根据句意可知, change在这里是及物动词,介词into多余。故去掉into。
Text 6(2020·云南民族大学附属中学高三二模)
【答案】1.student→students 2.去掉by 3.and→or 4.which→what
5.take前加to
6. believes→believe 7.graduated→graduating 8.a→the 9.was→is 10.we→they
【解析】
本文是议论文。关于高三学生面临的一个问题“是选择一个好专业,还是一所好大学?”作者提出自己的观点。
【详解】
1.考查可数名词单复数。根据从句after they pass…中的they可知,Senior Three student应该是复数形式。故student改为students。
2.考查固定短语。短语pass the exam“通过考试”,不需要介词by;pass by意思为“经过”。故去掉by。
3.考查连词。句意:我应该选择一个好专业还是一所好大学?。根据句意,此处应该用连词or,意思为“或者”,表示选择关系。故and改为or。
4.考查宾语从句引导词。“which they are interested in”是宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,应该用what引导宾语从句,意思为“……事情/东西”,在从句中作宾语。故which改为what。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:这也使他们能够在将来从事他们最喜欢的工作。句中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语应是不定式短语 to take their favorite jobs in the future。故take前加to。
6.考查主谓一致。句子的主语those是复数意义,谓语动词believes的单复数应与those一致。故believes改为believe。
7.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构,“graduated from leading universities”在句中做定语;主语students和graduate之间是逻辑上的主动关系,应该用现在分词短语作后置定语。故graduated改为graduating。
8.考查冠词。best是形容词的最高级形式,前面应该用定冠词the。故a改为the。
9.考查时态。整篇文章叙述的是现在的情况,是一般现在时,此处也应该相应地用一般现在时。故was改为is。
10.考查代词。根据上下文中的they can’t obtain both …no matter where they study和if they try their best,此处we也应相应地用代词they。故we改为they。
Text 7.(2020·河北石家庄·高三月考)
【答案】
【解析】本文是应用文。作者在信中简要地介绍了京剧的历史和特点并建议Jim 到梅兰芳剧院看一场京剧表演。
【详解】
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:知道你对京剧很好奇,我很高兴向你介绍它。know的逻辑主语是I,I发出know的动作,因此应该使用know的现在分词作原因状语,故将Know改为Knowing。
2.考查冠词。句意:京剧的历史可以追溯到18世纪后期,在清代得到了充分发展和认可。此处表示特指意义,指的是十八世纪晚期,故在late前加the。
3.考查时态。句意:京剧的历史可以追溯到18世纪后期,在清代得到了充分发展和认可。由句子的时间状语the late 18th century可知,本句应使用一般过去时,故将becomes改为became。
4.考查并列连词。句意:作为音乐,声乐表演和舞蹈的结合,京剧可以为听众带来耳目一新的感觉盛宴。music、vocal performance及dance三者是并列的关系,故将or改为and。
5.考查固定短语。句意:作为音乐,声乐表演和舞蹈的结合,京剧可以为听众带来耳目一新的感觉盛宴。offer sb sth是固定短语,意为“提供某物给某人”,故将with 去掉。
6.考查名词的数。句意:表演者穿着色彩鲜艳的服装和彩妆,与所扮演角色的个性相符。performer是可数名词,在句子中是泛指意义,且谓语是wear,应使用复数形式,故将Performer改为Performers。
7.考查定语从句的连接词。句意:表演者穿着色彩鲜艳的服装和彩妆,与所扮演角色的个性相符。分析句子结构可知,逗号后是非限定性定语从句,引导词指代的是逗号前的先行词costumes 和 make-ups,因此使用which引导定语从句。故将that改为which。
8.考查副词。句意:我强烈建议你参观梅兰芳剧院看一场京剧表演。副词作状语修饰动词,high 和highly都可以作为副词. high指具体的百高,如度: He jumps high 他跳的很高。 highly 指抽象的回高,如:My teacher spoke highly of what I did. 老师对我的行为做出了高度评价。英语中类似用法还答有:deep/deeply, close/closely 等。此处表示“高度地评价”,是抽象意义,故将 high改为highly。
9.考查副词的比较级。句意:希望我的介绍可以帮助你比以前更好地了解京剧。由后面的than before可知,副词well应该使用比较级的形式,故将 well改为better。
10.考查人称代词。句意:如果你有任何疑问,请随时问我。主句是祈使句,意为“你不要犹豫来问我”,因此不能使用反身代词myself,应用宾格me。故将 myself改为me。
Text 8.(2020·湖南高三二模)
【答案】1.group→groups
2.is→are
3.whom→them
4.去掉lack后of
5.在goal前加a
6.or→and
7.more→much
8.solve→solving
9.ourselves→themselves
10.what→as
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了如何去关爱困难学生的方法。
1.考查名词的数。group为可数名词,some后需用可数名词复数。故将group改为groups。
2.考查主谓一致和时态。本句是here引导的倒装句,主语是my loving ideas,复数,介绍方法,谓语动词需用一般现在时态,所以be动词需用are。故将is改为are。
3.考查代词。此处需用most of them作介词with的宾语。故将whom改为them。
4.考查动词。lack缺乏,及物动词,直接接宾语,无需接介词of。故去掉lack后of。
5.考查冠词。此处需用不定冠词a/an,表示设定一个目标,goal是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以此处需不定冠词a。故在goal前加a。
6.考查连词。此处setting a goal for them “为他们设定一个目标”和then work together towards it. “然后一起努力。”之间表示并列关系,所以空处需用并列连词and。故将or改为and。
7.考查形容词。as…as…固定搭配,此处需用形容词或副词的原形, as much help as possible尽可能多的帮助,固定搭配。故将more改为much。
8.考查非谓语动词。此处连词or连接的两个表示选择关系的并列成分,前后形式需一致,由前文sharing good study methods with them可知,此处需用solving。故将solve改为solving。
9.考查反身代词。根据encourage them 可知,因为是鼓励他们,所以此处表示相信他们自己。故将ourselves改为themselves。
10.考查固定搭配和as引导定语从句。as we (all) know众所周知,固定搭配,此处as引导非限制性定语从句。故将what改为as。
Text 9.(2020·湖南高三二模)
【答案】1. he→who
2. living→lives
3. think→thinks
4.去掉it
5. mine→my
6. sometime→sometimes
7. ask→asking
8. toothbrush→toothbrushes
9.. such后加a
10. How→What
【解析】
本文是一篇求助信。作者主要就自己朋友的舍友的一些不顾及他人感受的生活习惯向编辑求助,希望编辑能就自己朋友该做些什么给出建议。
1.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我上高中的朋友李明住在一个宿舍里。错误所在的句子“he studies in a high school,”是一个完整的句子,但前面有逗号且以逗号结尾,故此句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为Li Ming,指人,故将he改为who。
2.考查谓语动词。句意:我上高中的朋友李明住在一个宿舍里。分析错误所在的句子“My friend Li Ming, who studies in a high school, living in a dormitory.”结构可知主语为My friend Li Ming,“living”处是谓语,中间是一个定语从句,修饰主语,结合上下文的时态可知此处谓语也用一般现在时态,故将living改成lives。
3.考查主谓一致。句意:他和我谈到一个和他住在一起的学生,他从不考虑别人的感受。who在从句中做主语,代替前文的one student,是一个单数主语,故从句中的谓语也要用单数,故将think改成thinks。
4. 考查定语从句的结构。句意:这个学生经常把他的脏袜子扔在桌子上,它经常掉在我朋友的午餐盒上。分析“which it often fall onto the lunch box of mine friend.”的句子结构可知which指代前文的socks在从句中做主语,谓语为fall,由此可知句中的it多余,故答案是去掉it。
5.考查人称代词。句意:这个学生经常把他的脏袜子扔在桌子上,它经常掉在我朋友的午餐盒上。friend是名词,前面需要一个形容词物主代词修饰,故将mine改成my。
6.考查频度副词。句意:更重要的是,他有时没有得到允许就喝别人茶杯的水。根据句意可知此处要用频度副词sometimes,故将sometime改成sometimes。
7.考查介词后的成分。句意:更重要的是,他有时没有得到允许就喝别人茶杯的水。without是介词,介词之后通常接名词/动名词/代词等,故将ask改为asking。
8.考查名词单复数。句意:更糟糕的是,他甚至用别人的牙刷。根据“other people其他人的”可知其后名词要用复数,故将toothbrush改为toothbrushes。
9.考查固定搭配。句意:想像一下和这样一个人合住一间房! such (a/an)+名词是固定搭配,意为:如此地一个……,故要在such后a。
10.考查特殊疑问句。句意:我的朋友能做些什么呢?本文是征询意见,即具体的处理方法,结合句意可知要将How改为What。
Text 10.(2020·重庆北碚·高三一模)
【答案】(1) the→ an;
(2) carried→ carry;
(3) and→ but;
(4) I→ he;
(5) moving→ moved;
(6) what→ where;
(7) asks→ asked;
(8) 在make前加to;
(9) 去掉on;
(10)were→ was。
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者和汤姆在街上散步时遇到老人摔倒并为老人做急救的过程。
1.考查冠词。这里是第一次提到老人,所以用不定冠词,old以元音音素开头,所以用不定冠词an,故将the改为an。
2.考查虚拟语气。suggest建议,其后接的宾语从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略,故将carried改为carry。
3.考查并列连词。句意:我建议送老人去医院,……Tom不赞同。此处前后分句是转折关系,要用but,故将and改为but。
4.考查人称代词。此处是逻辑错误,根据前句He had learned first aid,所以此处是“他说”,故将I改为he。
5.考查被动语态。句意:他说老人一定不能移动。主语the old man和动词move之间是被动关系,要用被动语态,此处有情态动词must,所以被动结构是be+过去分词,故将moving改为moved。
6.考查状语从句。句意:我们应该让老人待在原处。根据句意,此处是where引导的地点状语从句,故将what改为where。
7.考查动词时态。根据时间状语yesterday,可知短文是一般过去时,故将asks改为asked。
8.考查动词不定式。句意:汤姆让我给急救中心打电话,他用嘴对嘴的方式让老人呼吸。根据句意,此处作目的状语,所以用动词不定式,故在make前加to。
9.考查不及物动词和介词。句意:老人开始稍微活动了。move活动,移动,此处是不及物动词,故去掉on。
10.考查主谓一致。what we had done是一件事,谓语动词应用是第三人称单数,所以be动词用was,故将were改为was。
Text 11.(2020·安徽淮北·高三一模)
【答案】1.exciting→excited
2.miss→missing
3.在familiar后加with
4.stood→stands
5.one→ones
6.has→have
7.Before→After
8.删掉kind前面a
9. what→that
10. happy→happily
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者描述了在即将进入大学之前的一些感受。
1.考查形容词。此处是让步状语从句的省略,当时间/条件/让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词,同时修饰的是主语I的感情,应使用ed结尾形容词,excited“(感到)兴奋的”,而exciting“令人兴奋的”,常修饰物。本句完整句子为Although (I am) excited about entering college, I can't help…故exciting改为excited。
2.考查非谓语动词。根据短语can’t help doing表示“情不自禁做……”后跟动词-ing形式。故miss改为missing。
3.考查介词。根据短语be familiar with表示“熟悉”。故在familiar后加with。
4.考查动词时态。此处描述客观事实应使用一般现在时,且主语为nature,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故stood改为stands。
5.考查代词。此处指代上文plants and animals,应用ones泛指复数名词。故one改为ones。
6.考查主谓一致。本句主语为we,且时态为一般现在时,谓语动词应该使用have。故has改为have。
7.考查介词。句意:在知道这件事情之后,我冷静下来了。表示“在……之后”应用after。句首字母要大写。故Before改为After。
8.考查冠词。根据短语kind of表示“有点儿,有几分”,常用来修饰形容词和副词。故删掉kind前面a。
9.考查定语从句。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the most wonderful thing,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且该先行词被形容词最高级修饰,所以定语从句关系代词只能用that。故what改为that。
10. 考查副词。此处修饰动词accept,应用happy的副词形式happily,表示“开心地”。故happy改为happily。
Text 12.(2020·福建三明一中高二期中)
【答案】
【解析】本文是一封感谢信。文章作者主要感谢好朋友Ben在过去的三年里给作者的帮助和喜怒哀乐。
第一处:考查时态。句意:毕业即将来临。根据句意可知用现在进行时态,故把draw改为drawing。
第二处:考查名词。形容词修饰名词,故把kind改为kindness。
第三处:考查时态。根据In the last three years在最近的三年里,可知句子用现在完成时态,故把had改为have。
第四处:考查副词。句意:我非常好地记得你送我去医院。根据句意可知把much改为well。
第五处:考查非谓语动词。句意:当我的腿断的时候。have +宾语+过去分词,表被动关系,故把break改为broken。
第六处:考查冠词。固定搭配:stay in bed卧病在床。故把in the bed中的the去掉。
第七处:考查固定结构。help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事。故在my lessons前加with。
第八处:考查强调句。句意:是你的友谊用阳光填满了我的生活。此处是强调句型,故把which改为that。
第九处:考查代词。句意:我希望我们的友谊永远持续。故把my改为our。
第十处:考查短语。固定搭配:come true变成现实,故把truly改为true。
Text 13.(2020·河南罗山·高三一模)
【答案】1.去掉inventor之前的an。
2. whom→who/that
3. imagine→imagination
4. because后面加of
5. having→have
6. what→how
7. works→worked
8. much→many
9. easy→easily
10. himself→myself
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者介绍了自己最喜欢的科学家托马斯·爱迪生,并且希望自己成为一个有价值的人。
第一处:考查冠词。句意:托马斯·爱迪生出生于美国,他是一位伟大的科学家和发明家。这里“科学家和发明家”指的都是托马斯·爱迪生,inventor之前的冠词多余,故去掉inventor之前的an。
第二处:考查定语从句。whom was not worth educating.是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a boy,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,用who或that引导该从句,所以把whom改成who/that。
第三处:考查名词。介词of之后,需要接名词作宾语,所以imagine改成imagination。
第四处:考查固定用法。because后面接句子,而because of 后面接成分,这里接了一个成分,所以because后面加of。
第五处:考查固定用法。句意:据说他有1000多项发明。be said to do 据说,该用法是固定用法,所以having改成have。
第六处:考查宾语从句。句意:在他的一生中,他总是渴望知道万物是如何运作的。这里含有一个宾语从句,引导词在从句中表示“怎样,如何”的意思,用how引导该从句,所以what改成how。
第七处:考查时态。句意:他也很勤奋,夜以继日的工作。根据He was also very diligent可知描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以works改成worked。
第八处:考查固定用法。so much用于修饰不可数名词,so many用于修饰可数名词,这里inventions是可数名词,所以much改成many。
第九处:考查副词。修饰动词achieved,用副词,所以easy改成easily。
第十处:考查反身代词。句意:也许我自己不能成为另一个爱迪生,但我会努力成为一个有价值的人。这里指“我自己”,所以himself改成myself。
Text 14.(2020·石嘴山市第三中学高三三模)
【答案】第一处:quick→quickly
第二处:there→here
第三处:I→me
第四处:在 population 前加不定冠词 a
第五处:who→which
第六处:wore→wearing/wear
第七处:speaker→speakers
第八处:were→are
第九处:so→but/and
第十处:去掉 similar 后面的 to
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在上海旅游回家后的感悟,他认为不同文化可以和谐相处。
第一处:考查副词。修饰前面的动词短语 gone by 应该用其副词形式作状语。故将quick改为quickly。
第二处:考查副词。此处指作者返回美国的家里后,回想起在上海旅游时的经历,因此应该使用 here,表示“在家”,而非在上海。故将there改为here。
第三处:考查代词。作动词 help 的宾语应该使用其宾格形式。故将I改为me。
第四处:考查冠词。在 population 前加不定冠词a。a population of...“……的人口”。 故在 population 前加 a。
第五处:考查定语从句的关系词。此处是定语从句,先行词为前面的 population,指物,且在句中作主语,故用关系代词 which 引导非限制性定语从句。故将who改为which。
第六处:考查非谓语动词。see sb. doing“看见某人做某事”,表示动作在进行;see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事,强调动作已完成。二者在此处都说得通。但最佳还是 wearing。故将wore改为wearing/wear。
第七处:考查名词的数。此处表示作者听到从“喇叭”里面传出的美国音乐。speaker“喇叭;扬声器”,是可数名词,在这里应该用其复数形式。故将speaker改为speakers。
第八处:考查时态。此处表示一种事实,故用一般现在时态。故将were改为are。
第九处:考查连词。分析句意“中国文化不同,西方文化也是如此”可知, 前后语境为转折关系或者并列关系。故将so改为but/and。
第十处:考查介词 。根据句意可知,此处是 similar 作表语,后面的to 多余,如果有 to 的话,to 后面还应有宾语。故去掉 similar 后面的 to。
Text 15.(2020·四川成都·龙泉中学高三开学考试)
【答案】1. which→who
2. had→has
3. into后加a
4. introduced→introducing
5. Therefore→However
6. after→before
7. on→at
8. 删除to
9. locally→local
10. his→her
【解析】这是一篇记叙文,简要讲述了一个让全世界很多人都受到启发的人--李子柒的故事。她通过拍摄视频介绍了中国传统文化。
1. 考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意:我喜欢李子柒,她激励了全世界很多人。由分析句子得出,逗号之后的句子是对李子柒做补充说明,因而属于非限制性定语从句。先行词Li Ziqi在从句中做主语,所以,关系代词要用who。故which改为who。
2. 考查现在完成时。句意:这些年来,她已经从一个乡村女孩,转变成了食物和生活方式专家。当时间状语是over the+时间段时,主句的时态要用完成时。结合前一个句子,得出本篇文章用的是现在时,所以本句要用现在完成时。故had改为has。
3. 考查冠词。句意同上面解释。当可数名词以单数形式出现时,需要加上冠词。结合本句,从一个乡村女孩变成了一个专家,所以要加上冠词。故into后加上a。
4. 考查现在分词作状语。句意:她因制作介绍中国传统文化之美的录像而闻名于世。本句属于简单句,其中: She has become worldwide famous 为主句,其后by making videos introducing the beauty of traditional Chinese culture做方式状语,因为介绍中国传统文化的美,动作的发出者和句子主语she一致,所以要用现在分词形式。故introduced改为introducing。
5. 考查副词。句意;然而,她的成功并不容易。根据前后句子的逻辑关系,可以得出用转折副词。故therefore改为however。
6. 考查时间状语从句。句意:在她14岁时去城里工作之前,她父亲的去世让她和祖父母一起生活在一个贫穷的村庄。根据句意可知,父亲的去世发生在她去城市工作之前。故after改为before。
7. 考查介词。句意同上。此处为固定搭配:at the age of 在……岁时。故on改为at。
8. 考查介词。句意:2012年,李回到家乡,开了一家网店,销售当地产品。home为地点副词,其前面不用介词。故to要删掉。
9. 考查形容词。句意同上。句中products为名词,修饰名词要用形容词。故locally改为local。
10. 考查人称代词。句意:2016年,她开始通过拍摄她的产品是如何创作的,来展示中国文化。全文讲述的都是李的成功故事,所以后面的代词应该和主语一致。故his改为her。
Text 16.(2020·四川成都经开区实验中学高三开学考试)
【答案】come→came
an→a
there→where
extreme→extremely
held后面加上to
attraction→attractions
which→what
admire→admiring
with→without
删除lot后的of
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者今年国庆节去天安门观看升旗仪式和阅兵式以及参观一些景点的经过和感想。
1. 考查时态。结合上下文可知作者梦想“实现”的动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时,故将come改为came。
2. 考查冠词。结合句意此处应译为“一个为期一天的旅行”,故应用不定冠词表示泛指,又one是辅音音素开头,应用a,故将an改为a。
3. 考查定语从句。分析句子可知此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词Tian’anmen Square在从句中充当地点状语,故应用关系副词where,故将there改为where。
4. 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词proud,故将extreme改为extremely。
5. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处应用非谓语动词,再结合句意“举行阅兵式来庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年”可知此处表目的,应用不定式,故在held后加to。
6. 考查名词的数。根据other(其他的)判断此处应用名词复数形式,故将attraction改为attractions。
7. 考查宾语从句连接词。分析句子可知for后是宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,故应用连接代词what,故将which改为what。
8. 考查固定短语。此处考查短语can’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事,故将admire改为admiring。
9. 考查介词。句意:毫无疑问这次旅行对我意义重大。结合句意可知此处应译为“毫无疑问”,“没有”是without,故将with改为without。
10. 考查介词。修饰动词meant应用a lot(非常),故删除lot后的of。
Text 17.(2020·甘肃高三二模)
【答案】1.去掉America后的in
2.exciting →excited
3.learning →learn
4.the →a
5.Therefore →However
6.because →that
7.have →are
8.or →and
9.appreciate后加it
10.advises →advice
【解析】本文是应用文。作者将飞往美国参加下周的美国文化之旅,这能帮助作者开阔眼界,多了解美国的风俗习惯和历史,也是一个练习英语的好机会。但因担心和当地人交流有困难,希望对方能给一些适当的建议。
1.考查介词。句意:我将飞往贵国参加下周的美国文化之旅。当next, last, this, that, every等限定词修饰时间状语时,前面一般不用任何介词。故去掉America后的in。
2.考查形容词。句意:我很兴奋,因为我参观美国的梦想将实现。-ed结尾的形容词作表语,用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化,其主语是人。-ing结尾的形容词作表语表示主语的性质和特征。此处应是前者,故exciting改为excited。
3.考查动词不定式。句意:我希望能开阔眼界,多了解贵国的风俗习惯和历史。open my eyes与learn more about the customs and history of your country是并列不定式结构,learn前省略了to。故learning改为learn。
4.考查冠词。句意:这是一个练习英语的好机会。chance是可数名词,单数形式前加不定冠词a表示泛指一次机会,故the改为a。
5.考查副词。句意:然而,我担心的一件事是我和当地人交流有困难。前后两个分句之间表示转折关系而非因果关系,用副词however。故Therefore改为However。
6.考查名词性从句连接词。句意:然而,我担心的一件事是我和当地人交流有困难。表语从句 I may have difficulty communicating with local people不缺少成分,用连词that引导。故because改为that。
7.考查固定句型。句意:中美之间有许多文化差异。There be句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为There be(is/are/was/were)+名词+地点状语;have表示“有”时不可与there连用。故have改为are。
8.考查固定短语。句意:中美之间有许多文化差异。between …and“在……之间,在两者中间”,是固定搭配。故or改为and.
9.考查固定句型。句意:如果你能给我一些适当的建议,我将不胜感激。would appreciate it if …意为“如果……将不胜感激”,是固定句型,其中it是形式宾语。故appreciate后加it。
10.考查不可数名词。句意:如果你能给我一些适当的建议,我将不胜感激。advice是不可数名词,没有复数形式。故advises改为advice。
Text 18.(2020·湖北高三二模)
【答案】(1)dreams→dream
(2)I后加was
(3)exciting→excited
(4)a→an
(5)去掉until前with
(6)In→At
(7)retire→retired
(8)You→I
(9)that→if或that后加if
(10)health→healthy
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者从小就立志当一名医生,最终被一所医学院录取。通过努力工作,不久作者就成了一名有经验的医生。作者60岁退休了,但仍然关心年轻医生。
(1)考查名词的数。 句意:我在整个小学和中学都坚持我的梦想。 dream是可数名词,根据语境只有当医生一个梦想,应用单数形式。 故dreams改为dream。
(2)考查固定短语。句意:当我被医学院录取时,我非常兴奋。结合句意表示“被……录取”短语为be admitted to,且事情发生在过去应用一般过去时,主语为I,be动词用was。故I后加was。
(3)考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词,-ing结尾形容词用于修饰物。 故exciting改为excited。
(4)考查不定冠词。doctor为可数名词,此处表示泛指“一名医生”应用不定冠词,且experienced为元音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词an。 故a改为an。
(5)考查介词。 句意:我直到30多岁才结婚。短语get married with sb.表示“跟某人结婚”,此处后面没有宾语,故介词with是多余。故去掉until前with。
(6)考查介词。句意:我60岁退休了,但我经常在年轻医生需要我的时候帮助他们。结合句意表示“在……岁时”短语为at the age of…。故In改为At。
(7)考查动词时态。句意同上。此处讲述的是过去的事情,要用一般过去时。故retire改为retired。
(8)考查代词。句意:我不太担心我的健康问题。 本文作者用第一人称讲述,此处应是作者本人,应用代词I。故You改为I。
(9)考查连词。句意:我相信如果我不在乎他们,他们不会使我烦恼。 believe后接宾语从句中为条件状语从句,表示“如果”应用if,且宾语从句中that可省略,故可将that改为if,或在that后加if。
(10)考查形容词。句意:所以我今天仍然健康快乐。be动词后接形容词healthy,作表语,表示“健康的”。故health改为healthy。
Text 19.(2020·陕西安康·高三三模)
【答案】1.tree→trees
2.that→which
3.written→writing
4.part后添加in
5.we前面添加and
6.the→a
7.去掉to
8.would→will
9.certain→certainly
10.later→late
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。作者写信邀请朋友参加班级周末的植树活动,介绍了活动安排和需要准备的物品。
1. 考查名词的数。tree为可数名词,前文没有冠词,故应用复数形式。故tree改为trees。
2. 考查定语从句。句意:这个周末,我们学校计划在西山上植树,那是我们镇以西大约10英里的地方。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the West Hill,且先行词在句中作主语,指地方故用关系代词which引导,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为which。
3. 考查时态语态。句意:我写信来邀请你参加这个有意义的活动,我们7点在学校门口集合,然后乘公交车去。此处表示“我现在正在写信”,应用现在进行时态的主动语态。故written改为writing。
4.考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表示“参加”短语为take part in。故part后面加in。
5.考查连词。句意:我写信来邀请你参加这个有意义的活动,我们7点在学校门口集合,然后乘公交车去。前后文为完整的句子,不能用逗号连接,结合句意可知为顺承关系,应用连词and连接。故we前面加and。
6.考查冠词。bus为可数名词,此处泛指“一辆公交”用不定冠词,且bus为辅音音素开头的单词应用a。故the改为a。
7. 考查情态动词。句意:我们不必携带食物或水,因为我们的学校会为我们准备。本句中need为情态动词,句中为其否定形式needn't,表示“不必”,后跟动词原形,故去掉to。
8. 考查时态。句意同上。指这个周末要发生的事情,所以用一般将来时。故would改为will。
9. 考查副词。句意:请带上毛巾,因为我们肯定会出汗。修饰动词go应用副词certainly,表示“肯定”。故certain改为certainly。
10.考查副词。句意:请不要迟到,我们会准时出发的。根据上文be可知此处应用形容词late作表语,表示“迟到的”,later为副词表示“后来”,或者是late的比较级,表示“更晚的”,不符合语境。故later改为late。
Text 20.(2020·北大成都附属实验学校高三开学考试)
【答案】1.advices→advice
2.support→supported
3.out→down
4.However→Besides/Moreover
5.regular→regularly
6.take后添加a
7.Have→Having
8.you→we
9.stayed→stay
10.去掉that
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者就如何保持健康提供了一些自己的建议。
1.考查名词。句意:关于如何保持健康,我想提供我的建议。advice为不可数名词,没有复数形式。故advices改为advice。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:我们知道,我们青少年正在经历一个快速的增长,这需要一个健康和平衡的饮食支持。根据上文need to be done“需要被……”,可知应用过去分词。故support改为supported。
3.考查固定短语。句意:因此,我们需要各种各样的食物,但减少富含糖或脂肪的食物。短语cut out表示“切断”,结合句意此处表示“减少”应用短语cut down。故out改为down。
4.考查副词。句意:此外,我们应该经常锻炼身体。结合句意可知表示“此外,而且”应用连接副词besides或moreover。故However改为Besides/Moreover。
5.考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰动词take应用副词,故regular改为regularly。
6.考查冠词。句意:例如,放学后我们可以打篮球或散步。短语take a walk“散步”,故take后添加a。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:有足够的睡眠是非常重要的。本句中缺少主语,需要动名词短语having enough sleep做主语,故Have改为Having。
8.考查代词。句意:因此,我们应该每天至少有8个小时的睡眠,不要熬夜太晚。结合句意可知表示“我们”应用代词we。故you改为we。
9.考查动词时态。句意同上。根据上文every day可知应用一般现在时,故stayed改为stay。
10.考查倒装句。句意:只有这样我们才能保持健康。本句为“only+状语/状语从句”位于句首时,句子的主语和谓语或主句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。故不需要that。故去掉that。
Text 21.(2020·贵州铜仁·高三二模)
【答案】1.去掉been
2.especial→especially
3.a→an
4.and→but
5.equipments→equipment
6.we→they
7.have→has
8.that→which
9.talk前添加to
10.walk→walking
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者以自己祖父母家为例,说明了自己家乡在过去十年间发生的巨大变化。
1.考查被动语态。句意:多亏了中国的脱贫政策,在过去的十年里,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化,尤其是在生活条件方面。短语take place表示“发生”,没有被动语态。故去掉been。
2.考查副词。修饰后文介词短语in the living conditions,应用副词especially,表示“尤其”。故especial改为especially。
3.考查冠词。名词example为元音音素开头的单词,故应用不定冠词an。故a改为an。
4.考查连词。句意:他们过去住在一所没有什么家具的小房子里,但现在他们已搬进了一幢有现代化电子设备的两层楼房里。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系,应用连词but。故and改为but。
5.考查名词。句意同上。equipment为不可数名词。故equipments改为equipment。
6.考查代词。句意:在过去,他们不得不请人写信给我的父母保持联系。结合句意可知表示“他们”,指代grandparents应用代词they。故we改为they。
7.考查主谓一致。each是做主语they的同位语,谓语要与主语保持一致,主语为they,故谓语动词应用原形。故have改为has。
8.考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子,且从句中缺少主语,故应用关系代词which,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为which。
9.考查介词。句意:他们甚至学会了用微信跟我们说话。结合句意表示“用某物做……”短语为use sth. to do…。故talk前添加to。
10.考查非谓语动词。上文of为介词,后跟动名词作宾语。故walk改为walking。
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