2020版一轮复习英语新课改人教版学案：必修3Unit2Healthyeating



(一)课前自主学习

Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．muscle n．　　　　　　　　　 肌肉；(食用)瘦肉
2．digest vi.&vt.[纵联1] 消化
n. 摘要；概要
3．glare vi.
n．　　[纵联2]
4．spy vi.&vt. 窥探；秘密监视
n. 间谍；侦探
5．roast adj. 烤制的
vt.&vi. 烤；烘；烘烤
6．obesity n. 过度肥胖
7．garlic n. 大蒜
8．peach n. 桃子
9．breast n. 胸部；乳房
10．fibre n. 纤维；纤维制品
11．vitamin n. 维生素
12．protein n. 蛋白质
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．diet n. 日常饮食
vi. 节食
2．slim vi. 变细；减肥
adj. 苗条的；纤细的
3．lie n. 谎话；谎言
vi. 说谎
4．customer n. 顾客；消费者
5．consult vt. 咨询；请教；商量；查阅
6．sigh vi. 叹息；叹气
n. 叹息； 叹息声
7．debt_n. 债；债务
8．hostess n. 女主人；女主持人
9．discount n．[纵联3] 折扣
10．fry vt.&vi. 油煎；油炸
11．raw adj. 生的；未加工的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．balance n．天平；平衡 vt.平衡；权衡→balanced adj.均衡的
2．curiosity n．好奇心→curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地
3．weakness n．缺点；虚弱；弱点→weak adj.虚弱的[纵联4]
4．strength n．强项；长处；力量→strengthen vt.加强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的；坚强的
5．limit vt.限制；限定 n．界限；限度→limited adj.有限的→limitation n．限制
6．benefit n．利益；好处 vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益→beneficial adj.有益的
7．combine vt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合→combination n．结合；联合[纵联5]

纵联1.“餐饮”行业很火爆
①digest vt.&vi.消化 ②diet vi.节食
③swallow vt.吞下；咽下 ④chew vt.咀嚼
⑤taste vt./link. 品尝；有……的味道
纵联2.不“看”不知道，一“看”真奇妙
①glare vi.&n.怒目而视 ②stare vi.&n.凝视
③glance vi.&n.扫视；一瞥 ④witness vt.&n.目击(者)
⑤observe vt.&vi.观察 ⑥watch vt.看
⑦have a look at看一看
纵联3.与“购物”相关的名词一览
①discount折扣 ②customer顾客
③consumer消费者 ④supermarket超市
⑤bargain便宜货
纵联4.以­ness为后缀的常见名词荟萃
①weakness虚弱；弱点；缺点 ②kindness仁慈；好意
③carelessness粗心大意 ④awareness意识
⑤sickness疾病 ⑥sadness悲哀；悲伤
纵联5.combine反义词、同义词集锦
①separate vt.使分离 ②divide v．分开
③split vt.分离；使分离 ④unite v．联合
⑤link v．联合 ⑥associate v．联合

单元话题——健康饮食
子话题1　肉食
①chop n．猪排 ②beef n．牛肉
③mutton n．羊肉 ④pork n．猪肉
⑤steak n．牛排；肉排；鱼排 ⑥sausage n．香肠；腊肠
子话题2　粮食与主食
①cuisine n．饭菜；菜肴 ②soybean n．大豆；黄豆
③flour n．面粉；谷物磨成的粉 ④toast n．烤面包片；吐司
⑤dumpling n．饺子 ⑥pancake n．薄煎饼
⑦porridge n．稀饭；粥 ⑧beancurd n．豆腐
子话题3　零食及其他
①chips n．(pl.) 炸土豆条(片)；炸薯条
②butter n. 黄油；奶油
③honey n. 蜂蜜
④chocolate n. 巧克力
⑤popcorn n. 爆玉米花
⑥sauce n. 酱；调味汁
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ阅读C)Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the __❶__ (limit) choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly (多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a __❷__ (curious) than anything else.
①用limit的适当形式填空：limited
②用curious的适当形式填空：curiosity
2．(2014·辽宁高考阅读D)Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees (雇员) and profits (利润) of over $2 million per year. He’s never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer❶ screamed at her, Travis took her away. “Your working uniform is your shelter，” he told her. “Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong❷ as you want to be.”
①写出加黑词在句中的含义：顾客
②写出strong在本单元中的名词形式：strength；“优缺点”的表达为strengths_and_weaknesses
高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)了解中国的餐桌礼仪对你很有益。
①Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will benefit you greatly.(benefit vt.)
②Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will be of great benefit to you.(benefit n．)
③Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will be very beneficial to you.
(beneficial)
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)为了强身健体，我们经常在学校的体育场馆组织各种各样的活动，例如：打篮球、乒乓球等。(strength)
To_build_up_our_strength,_we_often_hold_all_kinds_of_activities,_such_as_playing_basketball_and_table_tennis,_in_the_school_gymnasium.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．balance n．天平；平衡；账户余额vt.平衡；权衡
[记牢]
(1)keep the balance of nature　　 保持生态平衡
keep one’s balance 保持平衡
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
(2)balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B
(3)balanced adj. 均衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Before making the final decision, you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
②My suggestion is that you should try to_balance (balance) your diet by eating more fruit and less meat.
③You’d better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.
熟词生义　写出加彩单词在语境中的含义
④I must check my bank balance before I decide to buy the car.账户余额
[写美]　翻译句子
⑤你太努力工作了，你最好在工作和放松之间保持平衡。
You are_working_too_hard._You’d_better_keep_a_balance_between_work_and_relaxation.
2．lie v．说谎；躺下；位于 n．谎言；谎话
[记牢]
(1)tell a lie/lies (to sb.)　　　 (向某人)撒谎；说谎话
a white lie 一个善意的谎言
(2)lie to sb. 向某人撒谎
lie in 位于；在于
lie down 躺下
[练通]　单句语法填空
①My mother won’t have me lying (lie) to her no matter what happens.
②The survivors lay (lie) on the beach, exhausted and shocked.
③The moment the bell rang, he laid (lay) the book and rushed out of the classroom.
④The town lies (lie) on the coast with amazing scenery, which attracts many visitors every year.
⑤He didn’t finish his homework last night so he told lies (lie)．
[辨清]
单词
词性
词义
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
lie
vi.
说谎
lied
lied
lying
lie
vi.
躺下；位于
lay
lain
lying
lay
vt.
放置；下蛋
laid
laid
laying

[写美]　翻译句子
⑥毫无疑问，这个候选人的优势在于他用英语和外国人交流的能力。
There_is_no_doubt_that_this_candidate’s_advantage_lies_in_his_ability_to_communicate_with_foreigners_in_English.
3．strength n．[C]长处；强项 [U]力量；体力
[记牢]
(1)build up one’s strength/body　　 强身健体
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
The strength of ... is that ... ……的优点是……
(2)strengthen vt.&vi. 加强；巩固
[练通]
单句语法填空
①As a good teacher, you should know your students' strengths (strength) and weaknesses.
②(2017·北京高考)One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen (strong) new memories.
③The strength of riding bikes is that it can build up our strength.
补全句子
④The ability to keep calm is one_of_his_strengths.
保持冷静是他的优点之一。
[用准]　表示“优点和缺点”时，strength, weakness常用复数形式。
[写美]　翻译句子
⑤(2015·四川高考书面表达)此外，语文一直是我所有课程中的强项。
Besides,_Chinese_has_always_been_my_strength_among_all_the_subjects.
4．limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；限度
[记牢]
(1)limit ... to ...　　　　　 把……限制在……内
(2)beyond the limit 超过限度
within the limits of 在……范围内
set a limit to sth. 对……规定限度
there is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/无限的
(3)limited adj. 有限的
limitless adj. 无限的
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Set a limit to the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it.
②He was born in a poor family, and only received limited (limit) education in his childhood.
补全句子
③Life is limited, but there_is_no_limit_to_serving the people.
生命是有限的，但为人民服务是无限的。
[用准]　上述搭配中to均为介词，后跟名词或v.­ing形式作宾语。
[写美]　翻译句子
④(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)文章的长度应限制在400词左右。
The_length_of_the_article_should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so.
5．benefit n．好处；利益；优势vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益
[记牢]
(1)benefit from/by ...　 从……中受益；得益于……
(2)for the benefit of 为了……的利益
(3)beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的
be beneficial to ... 对……有益；有益于(to为介词)
[练通]　单句语法填空
①As we all know, books are the source of knowledge, from which I benefit a lot.
②As everyone knows, sports are beneficial (benefit) to building our strength.
③If I am lucky enough to be elected, I will make every effort to serve for the benefit of students and our club.
[用准]　benefit一般为不可数名词，但意为“具体的好处”时是可数名词。
[写美]　一句多译
(2016·天津高考书面表达)你们来我们学校参加交流项目已经两周了，这项活动让我们所有人都受益。
④It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program, which_has_benefited_all_of_us. (benefit vt.)
⑤It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program, which_has_been_of_benefit_to_all_of_us. (benefit n．)
⑥It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program, which_has_been_beneficial_to_all_of_us.(beneficial adj.)
6．combine vt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合
[记牢]
(1)combine ... with/and ...　 把……与……结合起来
combine to do sth. 联合起来做某事
(2)combination n. 结合；联合；组合；
联合体；结合物
in combination (with) (与……)联合/结合
[练通]　单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The study of traditions should be_combined (combine) with practice.
②It was several factors that combined to_harm (harm) our friendship.
③The firm is working on a new product in combination with several overseas partners.
[写美]　翻译句子
④如果他能把自己的才能和勤奋结合起来，他应该会非常成功的。
If_he_can_combine_his_ability_with/and_hard_work,_he_should_be_very_successful.
[联想]　表示“把……与……相连接”的短语还有：connect ... with/to ...; associate ... with ...; link ... with/to ...; relate ... to ...等。
[词汇过关综合训练]　
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Telling lies (谎言) frequently makes him unpopular among his classmates.
2．When he was running after his brother, he lost his balance (平衡) and had a bad fall.
3．It is wise of you to consult (咨询) your parents before you make decisions.
4．If you place orders now, we would give you a 5% discount (折扣)．
5．If your knowledge can be combined (结合) with your experience, you’re sure to succeed.
6．The patient is recovering slowly; therefore, you had better choose some foods which digest (消化) more easily.
7．Please think about your own strengths (长处) and weaknesses, and don’t always put the blame on others.
8．As we all know, she is a person who doesn’t like to be in debt (债务) to anyone.
9．His kind wife treated us to a delicious dinner and we all considered her to a super hostess (女主人)．
10．It is known that the Japanese often eat raw (生的) fish, which most Chinese people may think is unhealthy.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Only when our theory is_combined (combine) with practice can the former become reliable knowledge.
2．Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the importance of a balanced (balance) diet to their health.
3．It is known to all that fresh air and good food are beneficial (benefit) to the health.
4．He consulted a number of books about the subject in the library before he gave his speech.
5．We were curious (curiosity) to know why he dressed up for such an informal party.
6．In my opinion, we should limit our expense to what we can afford.
7．The clothes in this shop will be sold at a discount for season reasons.
8．You could see from his expression that he was lying to us.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子/一句多译
1．在发展经济的过程中，我们必须要注意保持生态平衡。(balance)
In the course of the economic development, we must pay_attention_to_keeping_the_balance_of_nature.
2．咨询老师之后，我下定决心主修英语。(consult)
①After_I_consulted_my_teacher,_I made up my mind to major in English.(时间状语从句)
②Having_consulted_my_teacher,_I made up my mind to major in English.(分词作状语)
3．练中国功夫(kungfu)不仅能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。(strength)
①Practising Chinese kungfu can not_only_build_up_one's_strength_but_also develop one's character.
②Not_only_can_practising_Chinese_kungfu_build_up_one's_strength_but_also develop one's character.(倒装句)
Ⅳ.语境辨义
根据语境选出digest的词性和词义

1．You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest.__B__
2．He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.__A__
3．I will send you a monthly news digest as a birthday gift.__C__

(一)课前自主学习

1．lose_weight　　 　 　　 体重减轻；减肥
2．get_away_with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
3．win_..._back 赢回；重新获得
4．earn_one’s_living 谋生
5．in_debt [串记1] 欠债
6．cut_down [串记2] 削减；删节
7．before_long 不久以后
8．put_on_weight 增加体重
9．glare_at 怒目而视
10．throw_away 扔掉；丢弃
11．tell_a_lie 说谎
12．ought_to 应当；应该

[同根短语串记]
串记1.“in＋n.”表示“处于……之中”
①in debt欠债　　　　　　　 ②in trouble在困境中
③in danger处于危险中 ④in progress正在进展中
⑤in surprise吃惊地 ⑥in fashion正在流行
串记2.“v.＋down”短语荟萃
①cut down 削减；删节
②bring down 降低
③slow down 慢下来
④break down 出故障；身体累垮
⑤turn down 拒绝；关小
⑥settle down 定居；平静下来
⑦cool down 冷静下来
⑧lay down 放下(武器)

1．keep fit 保持健康
2．balanced diet 平衡膳食
3．be full of 充满
4．be amazed at 对……感到惊讶
5．do some research 做一些调查
6．regular customers 常客；老主顾
7．the other day 前几天
8．raw vegetables 生蔬菜

1．“Nothing_could_be_better，” he thought.
他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”
2．He could not have_Yong_Hui_getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！
3．According to my research, neither_your_restaurant_nor mine offers a balanced diet.
根据我的研究，你我两家餐馆所提供的都不是均衡膳食。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　阅读中的短语(补全句子/词汇替换)
1．(2016·10月浙江高考完形填空)Then I asked him if he had cut_down (减少) the amount of feed he had given the chickens. He was shocked.
2．(2018·江苏高考任务型阅读)Artists make a living through their creative work.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)earn_a_living
高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(补全/翻译句子)
1．(2018·北京高考书面表达)You ought_to (应当) learn some basic Chinese before you come, which may make you adjust yourself to the life in Beijing.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)就我个人而言，在我们日常生活中身体健康最重要。(否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义)
From_my_point_of_view,_nothing_is_more_important_than_health_in_our_daily_life.
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
1．get away with受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
[记牢]
get away (from)　 　 　 (从……)脱离；摆脱(……)
get along/on with 与……相处；进展
get down to (doing) sth. 开始认真地做某事
get over 克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来
get through 完成；接通电话；通过
get across (to sb.) (向某人)解释清楚；使(某人)了解
[练通]　用get的相关短语填空
①Every now and then I like to spend a few days in the country to get_away_from the noise and pollution of London.
②I rang him several times this morning but could not get_through to him.
③If we can get_over present difficulties, then everything should be all right.
④It took a long time to get_across to the workers the way the machine worked.
[写美]　翻译句子
⑤我们的英语老师严格要求我们，他绝不允许我们在考试中的作弊行为不受处罚。
Our_English_teacher_is_very_strict_with_us._He_won’t_have_us_getting_away_with_cheating_in_the_exam.
2．cut down削减；删节；减少；砍倒；降低；杀死
[辨清]　写出下列句中cut down的含义
①Every one of us can make a great effort to cut down the use of energy in our country.减少；削减
②Immediate action should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees, to better the environment.砍倒
③Hunger, cold and illness have cut down many of the villagers.杀死
[记牢]
cut in　　　　　　　　 插话；(马达或发动机)发动
cut up 切碎；切开
cut out 删除；(马达或发动机)突然熄火
cut through 开辟(出路或通道)
cut off 切断；中止；隔绝
[练通]　用cut的相关短语填空
④I’d feel very cut_off if I didn’t know what was happening in the world.
⑤Cut_up the carrots before you put them into the pot.
⑥She kept cutting_in on our conversation, which made us very angry.
[写美]　翻译句子
⑦众所周知，吸烟对我们的健康有害，你最好戒烟或者至少减少吸烟量。
As_is_known_to_us,_smoking_is_harmful_to_our_health._You’d_better_quit_smoking_or_at_least_cut_down_the_amount_of_smoking.
[句式集释]
1．否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义
[教材原句]　“Nothing_could_be_better，” he thought.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard a_better_one before.
你的故事太完美了，我之前从来没有听过比这更好的故事。
(2)Tom is taller_than_any_other_student in our class.
汤姆是我们班最高的学生。
(3)You can_never_be_too_careful while crossing the street.
过马路时，你越小心越好。
[析用法规则]
(1)否定词＋比较级“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等
(2)比较级＋than＋
(3)can/could＋never/not＋be＋
[背写作佳句]
(1)(2015·湖南高考写作)As a student, I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates.(要点句)作为一个学生，我可以告诉你，没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。
(2)As far as I’m concerned, nothing is more important than hard study.(要点句)
就我个人而言，没有什么比努力学习更重要的了。
2．can’t have sb. doing sth.“不允许某人做某事”
[教材原句]　He could_not_have_Yong_Hui_getting away with telling people lies!
[悟拓展例句]
(1)You can’t have your children running (run) around in the house.
(2)There is no need to worry about. I will have Tom pick (pick) you up at the airport.
(3)(2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I intended to take up a part­time job, through which I can have my horizons broadened (broaden)．
(4)(2017·天津高考)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train to_catch (catch)．
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)have sb. doing sth.意为“允许某人做某事”时，常用于否定句中；意为“让某人一直做某事”时，强调动作的持续性
(2)have sb. do sth.让某人做某事
(3)have sth. done让/叫别人做某事；遭遇某种(不幸的)事情；使某事完成
(4)have sth. to do有事情要做(不定式作定语)
注意事项
该句型解题的关键在于搞明白have 的含义。
(1)have是使役动词就要考虑have sb. doing; have sb. do; have sth. Done
(2)have是及物动词“有”含义时，就要考虑have sth. to do

[背写作佳句]
(1)(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I’m terribly sorry for not being able to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have an important meeting to attend that afternoon.(开头句)
(2)I won’t have you making the same mistake again and again.(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]　
Ⅰ.选词填空

1．The man ought to be fired. You shouldn’t let him get_away_with stealing from the shop.
2．He worked hard to win_back his boss’ trust and respect.
3．He has been out of work for six months, so he has difficulty earning_his_living.
4．You smoke too much. You should try to cut_down properly in order to keep healthy.
5．Before_long,_he decided to return to the small village where he once lived to help those poor children.
6．Since his mother has been ill for a long time, he is heavily in_debt.
Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子
1．直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。(否定词＋比较级)
It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody_was_happier_than_I_was.
2．约翰和汤姆都不知道怎样拼写这个单词。(neither ... nor ...)
Neither_John_nor_Tom_knows how to spell the word.
3．他既善良又乐于助人，你再怎么表扬他都不为过。(表示最高级的特殊结构)
He is so kind and helpful; you can’t_praise_him_too_much.
4．我不允许你用粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。(can’t have sb. doing sth.)
I can’t_have_you_speaking_to your mother in a rude manner. You must apologize to her immediately.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I just finished reading a story about a school administrator who was once a middle school teacher in a large American city. She had a life­changing experience that I can identify_with too.
After dinner one evening, she was waiting to get on the elevator and when the doors opened, she was face to face with a former student who she had made leave school. The student was not allowed to return and now, several years later, she was faced_with the same student.
He had brought a BB gun to school. There were zero tolerance rules in place in the school. A BB gun, though not a deadly weapon, could still do a lot of bodily harm and perhaps it could prove dangerous. The fact is, the school was no place for it to be brought. The student was expelled (开除) and told not to come back.
She and the student, immediately recognized each other and he offered a pleasant greeting to her as he stepped_out_of the elevator. He had in fact joined the military academy and was about to take the SAT to enter college. She was thankful that his life had not gone in_a_different_direction and that he wasn't in_jail. He had a positive outlook on his life and a plan to pursue something good in his future.
Yesterday, I was in a grade 1 high school class teaching TOEFL Speaking. Tony was sitting in the first row. I noticed that before class, Tony had slightly kicked a desk and was obviously upset about something. I also know that he has a girlfriend in the class and I quickly concluded that they'd had an argument. I know that it is silly of him to act that way or perhaps even have a girlfriend at that age. Nevertheless,_he does and this little drama was unfolding even before class began.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.　




Paragraph 2：
I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.　




[写作步骤]
第一步：速读全文
文本大意：作者首先分享了一个故事：一位老师遇到以前被自己开除的学生，学生被开除的原因是他把BB枪带进了校园。出乎意料的是这个学生目前在军校读书，而且积极向上。然后作者讲述了在自己的课堂上遇到的一件事。
叙述意图：文章告诉我们教育需要爱心，友善的态度是教育最基本的前提条件，而且也是教育的真正动力。
第二步：细读全文
1．所给短文情景模式分析。
who
I, a middle school teacher, a former student, Tony
what
A student was expelled (开除). However, he had a positive outlook on his life. Then the author told us what happened in a high school class when teaching TOEFL Speaking.
when
after dinner one evening, yesterday
where
in a high school class
why
The student had brought a BB gun to school while Tony had had an argument with his girlfriend.

2．对原文所提供的下划线词语进行分类。
★人物：teacher, student
★事件：in a different direction, in jail, faced with
★动作与心理描写：identify with, step out of, upset, conclude
★其他：nevertheless
第三步：精心谋篇
1．Paragraph 1：I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.　我也意识到这一事实，他可能不愿意站起来回答我给同学们提出的托福问题。
[情节分析]　从短文内容可知故事应围绕师生之间的事情展开。注意续写第一段提示语部分关键词“学生可能不愿意站起来回答问题”，面对这种情况，老师该如何选择呢？是像上文提到的老师那样严厉对待学生，还是想其他办法呢？故续写部分应为作者作为老师的心理斗争。
2．Paragraph 2：I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.　我从教时间已经够长的了，能够看透教室里每个学生的心思，所以知道他需要一些时间放松、镇定下来，然后我再让他回答问题。
[情节分析]　注意本段所给开头句子“knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him”，续写第二段提示语表明要等到他镇定下来后再提问他，因此接下来要描述何时提问的，以及提问的结果如何，最后通过对比两个故事谈作者自己的感受。所以下文续写应是谈自己的具体做法，最后结合全文，和作者前面读到的故事产生联系，讲述对待学生要具体问题具体分析。
第四步：初写成文
Paragraph 1：
1．我认为我应该给他几分钟让他镇定下来。
I thought I should give him a few minutes to_calm_down.
2．如果我觉得他还没有从愤怒和不安中恢复过来的话，我也许昨天就把他跳过去了。
If I didn't feel that he had_recovered_from his anger and being upset, I might even skip him yesterday.
3．当我面对这种情况的时候，我的脑海里有两种声音。
There were two voices in my head when I was faced with such_a_situation.
4．一种说，“让他回答！”另一种说，“听从自己的内心”。
One said, “Make him do it！” The other said, “Listen_to_your_heart.”
5．值得庆幸的是，我听从了自己的内心感受。
Thankfully,_I listened to my heart.
Paragraph 2：
6．我把他留到近乎最后。他出乎我的意料，回答得比我预料的要好。
I left him almost to the last one and he surprised me and did better than_expected.
7．倾听自己的心声，而不是对他刻薄，证明我事情做对了。
Listening to my heart instead of making it hard on him, proved_to_be the right thing to do.
8．托尼不仅获得面子和理解，而且我也得出结论，老师有时需要坚强和苛求。
Tony not only got the opportunity to receive some grace and understanding, but I also concluded_that a teacher needs to be strong and demanding sometimes.
9．也有一些时候，老师需要与学生的情感进行沟通，需要听从自己内心的声音。
There are also times that the teacher needs to be in_touch_with the emotional needs of the students and listen to the voice of the heart.
第五步：润色升级
1．把要点3改为省略句。
There_were_two_voices_in_my_head_when_faced_with_such_a_situation.
2．把要点8改为倒装句。
Not_only_did_Tony_get_the_opportunity_to_receive_some_grace_and_understanding,_but_I_also_concluded_that_a_teacher_needs_to_be_strong_and_demanding_sometimes.
第六步：复查定稿
Paragraph 1：
I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class. So I thought I should give him a few minutes to calm down. If I didn't feel that he had recovered from his anger and being upset, I might even skip him yesterday. There were two voices in my head when faced_with such a situation. One said, “Make him do it！” The other said, “Listen to your heart.” Thankfully, I listened to my heart.
Paragraph 2：
I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him. I left him almost to the last one and he surprised me and did better than expected. Listening to my heart instead of making it hard on him, proved to be the right thing to do. Not only did Tony get the opportunity to receive some grace and understanding, but I also concluded that a teacher needs to be strong and demanding sometimes. Nevertheless,_there are also times that the teacher needs to be in touch with the emotional needs of the students and listen to the voice of the heart.

理清文体结构之(十二)　说明文之人物类——抓说明方法，巧用行文结构解题
人物类说明文往往突出人物的重要贡献或历史地位，这一点往往从文章的主题句中体现出来。在说明人物的过程中会使用各种说明方法，这些方法对理解全文有着很大帮助，也是高考命题的切入点。另外，文章的行文结构也至关重要，依据行文结构可预知文章大意，对解题大有益处。
[抓人物说明方法，理行文结构]
[高考典例]　2018·浙江卷·A篇
[读文解题技法]


In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century — most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 — but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steampowered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.→比喻
How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a halfdozen of them.It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress.But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one.→主题句
1.略读全文知行文结构
本文的三个并列结构为：
(1)狄更斯出生前英国小说的现状。
(2)狄更斯去世后人们对他的评价。
(3)狄更斯对英国文学的影响。
2.跳读全文标说明方法
(1)对比
通过狄更斯出生前及去世后英国小说的现状对比，说明他在英国文学中的重要性。
(2)比喻
第二段最后一句为比喻句，把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售《蒙娜丽莎》的感觉一样。
3.速读查找文章主题句
速读文章，可知最后一段最后一句为主题句。

[利用方法巧解题]
21．Which of the following best describes ？
A．They were difficult to understand. B．They were popular among the rich.
C．They were seen as nearly worthless. D．They were written mostly by women.
22．Dickens is in the text to stress________.
A．his reputation in France B．his interest in modern art
C．his success in publication D．his importance in literature
23．What is the author’s in writing the text?
A．To remember a great writer. B．To introduce an English novel.
C．To encourage studies on culture. D．To promote values of the Victorian age.
21．18世纪英国小说狄更斯出生前的现状，分析第一段最后一句得出答案。
22．和《蒙娜丽莎》对比第二段中的“比喻”句，即可推知答案。
23．写文目的第三段中的“主题句”，即可推知答案。
[答案]　21.C　22.D　23.A