2020版一轮复习英语新课改人教版学案：必修1Unit3Traveljournal



(一)课前自主学习

Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．journal n．　　　　　　　　　 日记；杂志；定期刊物
2．fare n. 费用
3．route n. 路线；路途
4．cycle vi. 骑自行车
5．stubborn adj.[纵联1] 顽固的；固执的
6．forecast n．&vt.[纵联2] 预测；预报
7．parcel n. 小包；包裹
8．source n. 来源；水源
9．valley n. (山)谷；流域
10．pace vi. 缓慢而行；踱步
n. 一步；速度；步调
11．insurance n. 保险
12．wool n. 羊毛；毛织品
13．flame n. 火焰；光芒；热情
14．beneath prep. 在……下面
15．temple n. 庙宇；寺庙
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．transport n. 运送；运输
vt. 运输；运送
2．flow vi. 流动；流出
n. 流动；流量
3．persuade vt.[纵联3] 说服；劝说
4．finally adv. [纵联4] 最后；终于
5．schedule n. 时间表；进度表
vt. 为某事安排时间
6．shortcoming n. 缺点
7．journey n. 旅行；旅程
8．bend n. 弯；拐角
vt. 使弯曲
vi. 弯身；弯腰
9．attitude n. 态度；看法
10．detail n. 细节；详情
11．view n. 风景；视野；观点；见解
vt. 观看；注视；考虑
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→preference n．偏爱；爱好
2．disadvantage n．不利条件；不便之处→advantage n．有利条件；优势
3．graduate vi.毕业 n．大学毕业生→graduation n．毕业
4．organize vt.组织；成立→organizer n．组织者→organization n．组织
5．determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心→determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→determination n．决心
6．reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的→rely vi.依靠；依赖[纵联5]

纵联1.多重“性格”集一身
①stubborn固执的 ②introverted内向的
③outgoing外向的 ④gentle温和的
⑤sensible理智的 ⑥emotional感性的
⑦outspoken坦率的 ⑧determined坚决的
纵联2.能预测未来的fore­前缀
①forecast n．& vt. 预测；预报
②foresee v. 预见；预知
③foretell v. 预言；预测
④forehead n. 前额
⑤foremost adj. 最先的；首要的
纵联3.如何“劝说”某人做某事
①persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
②advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
③urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事
④argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
⑤talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
纵联4.“最终；终于”在一起
①finally adv. 最后；终于
②eventually adv. 最后；终于
③at last 最终；终于
④in the end 最后；终于
⑤at length 最后；终于；详尽地
纵联5.以­able结尾的形容词集锦
①reliable可信赖的；可靠的 ②adjustable可调节的
③fashionable时尚的；时髦的 ④reasonable合理的
⑤adaptable能适应的 ⑥calculable能计算的
⑦comfortable舒适的

单元话题——旅游
子话题1　旅游行程准备
①accommodation n. 住宿；膳宿
②arrangement n. 安排；布置
③agency n. 代理机构
④baggage n. 行李
⑤luggage n. (总称)行李
⑥travel brochure 旅行指南
子话题2　旅游住宿
①reception n．接待 ②check in报到；登记
③check out查明；结账 ④book a room预订房间
子话题3　旅游景点
①destination n．目的地 ②fountain n．喷泉
③monument n．纪念碑 ④a summer resort避暑胜地
⑤a must­see place必游之地 ⑥a dream trip梦想之旅
子话题4　旅游感受
①attractive adj.　　　 迷人的；有吸引力的
②comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的
③cultural adj. 文化的
④fantastic adj. (口语)极好的；美妙的；很棒的
⑤historical adj. 历史的
⑥unforgettable adj. 难以忘怀的；令人难忘的
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness❶， uneasiness, or worry. Silence may __❷__ (view) by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation.
①写出加黑词在本单元的同根形容词：stubborn，意为固执的
②用view的适当形式填空：be_viewed；此处的view ...as意为被视为
2．(2017·北京高考完形填空)Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to spread her message of hope and awareness.She started the Ladybug Foundation，an __❶__ (organize) aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to host “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to __❷__ local business leaders to contribute to the cause.
①用organize的正确形式填空：organization
②选词填空：__A__
A．persuade　　　B．lead　　　C．keep
高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) 所以我和我的同学决定为他们组织一些精彩的歌舞表演，这将持续大约1个小时。(determine, organize)
So_my_classmates_and_I_have_determined_to_organize_some_wonderful_singing_and_dancing_performances_for_them,_which_will_last_about_one_hour.
2．(2015·浙江高考书面表达)我的大多数同学想去公园，而我有一个想去一个更好的地方的想法。最后，我设法说服了我的同学接纳了我的想法。(finally, persuade)
Most_of_my_classmates_wanted_to_go_to_a_park_while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to_a_nicer_place._Finally,_I_managed_to_persuade_my_classmates_into_accepting_my_idea.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
[记牢]
(1)prefer to do/doing sth. 　 更喜欢做某事
prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢某物而不喜欢某物
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

[练通]　一句多译
毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评。
①After all, all kids prefer_to_be_praised_rather_than_be_scolded.(prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)
②After all, all kids prefer_being_praised_to_being_scolded.(prefer doing sth. to doing sth.)
③After all, all kids would_be_praised_rather_than_be_scolded.(would do sth. rather than do sth.)
④After all, all kids would_rather_be_praised_than_be_scolded.(would rather do sth. than do sth.)
[用准]　(1)prefer不用于进行时；(2)prefer相当于like better，所以prefer不可与比较级连用。
[写美]　翻译句子
⑤我喜欢小班，而不喜欢有太多学生的大班。
I_prefer_a_small_class_to_a large one with too many students.
2．persuade vt.说服；劝说；使相信
[记牢]

[练通]
选词填空(persuade, advise)
Though I had ①advised her for many times, I couldn’t ②persuade her to go abroad with me because her life experience had ③persuaded her that she could not live on without her parents.
句型转换
④I am trying to persuade him to give up the attempt.
→I am trying to persuade_him_into_giving_up the attempt.
⑤Can we persuade her out of carrying out the foolish plan?
→Can we_persuade_her_not_to_carry_out the foolish plan?
[写美]　补全句子
⑥在被说服改变态度之后，我终于找到了正确的方法来改掉粗心大意，也获得了信心。
Having_been_persuaded_to_change_my_attitude,_I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well.
3．determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心
[记牢]
(1)determine＋从句　　　　　　 决定……
determine to do sth. 决定做某事(强调动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 就(做)某事做出决定
(2)determined adj. 有决心的；坚决的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(强调状态)
(3)determination n. 决心
[练通]
单句语法填空
①She determined to_work_ (work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.
②I have determined_on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
句式升级
③(2017·天津高考书面表达)I’m determined to perform well in the final exam, so I’m occupied in preparing for it.
→Determined_to_perform_well in the final exam, I’m occupied in preparing for it.(用分词作状语)
[用准]　高考中常把determined to do sth.作状语的用法作为考查点，有类似用法的还有lost in, caught in, absorbed in等。
[写美]　补全句子
④(2015·福建高考书面表达)决心努力学习，他在墙上挖了洞从邻居家“偷”光为的是晚上读书。
Determined_to_study_hard,_he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.
4．view n．风景；视野；观点；见解vt.观看；注视；考虑
[辨清]　写出下列句中view的含义
①I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.风景
②In this lecture, I can only give you a purely personal view of how we can live life to the full.观点；见解
③When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view.视野
④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看
[记牢]
(1)come into view　　　　　　 看得见；进入视野
have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览
(2)in one’s view＝from one’s point of view在某人看来
(3)view ... as ... 把……看作……
[练通] 　单句语法填空
⑤The Internet is viewed by many people as a revolutionary education tool.
⑥I doubted if the picnickers could have a good view of the sunset they had come that far to see.
[写美]　补全句子
⑦(2017·北京高考书面表达)在我看来，我更喜欢长江之旅，长江是中国最长的河流，也是孕育中国文明的河流之一。
In_my_view/From_my_point_of_view,_I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River, the longest river in China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.
[词汇过关综合训练]　
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．One major disadvantage (不利条件) of the area is the lack of public transport.
2．We have an excellent retirement plan and medical insurance (保险) as well.
3．You are her close friend.And only you can persuade (说服) her not to spend too much money on clothes.
4．The supplies were transported (运输) to the local people immediately the earthquake happened.
5．Attention, please! The party is scheduled (安排) at 7：00 pm next Monday.
6．He is a stubborn (固执的) boy who won’t obey his mother.
7．In spite of all her shortcomings (缺点) I still think she is one of the best teachers in the school.
8．People’s attitudes (态度) towards the matter are different.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．They talked about it for hours. Finally (final), they decided not to go.
2．The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are_persuaded (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.
3．John is very reliable (rely) — if he promises to do something he will do it.
4．Many boys and girls go to college after their graduation (graduate) from high school.
5．It was your bad attitude towards/to your work that made your parents upset.
6．He has overcome his difficulties with courage and determination (determine)．
7．When the car was first built, the design was_viewed (view) as highly original.
8．The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization (organize)．
Ⅲ.一句多译/句式升级
1．我们说服了他不要把钱借给那个不值得信任的人。
①We persuaded_him_not_to_lend_his money to that untrustworthy man. (persuade sb. not to do sth.)
②We persuaded_him_out_of_lending his money to that untrustworthy man. (persuade sb. out of doing sth.)
2．孩子们宁愿骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。
①The children preferred cycling_to_the_countryside to staying indoors all the day.
②The children preferred to_cycle_to_the_countryside rather than stay indoors all the day.
③The children would rather cycle_to_the_countryside than stay indoors all the day.
④The children would cycle_to_the_countryside_rather than stay indoors all the day.
3．He is determined to get ahead of others in studies, so he works day and night.
→Determined_to_get_ahead_of_others_in_studies,_he works day and night. (分词作状语)
Ⅳ.语境辨义
根据语境选出bend的词性和词义
(A)vt.使弯曲　　　　 (B)vi.弯身；弯腰
(C)vi.使屈从 (D)n.弯；拐角
1．There is a bend in the road in front of us.__D__
2．You have to bend your knees to sit down.__A__
3．He bent down and picked up a book on the floor.__B__
4．He tried to force me to bend to his will.__C__

(一)课前自主学习

1．ever_since　　　　　　　　　　 自从；自……以后
2．be_fond_of [串记1] 喜爱；喜欢
3．care_about 关心；忧虑；惦念
4．change_one’s_mind 改变主意
5．make_up_one’s_mind_ 下决心；决定
6．give_in_ 投降；屈服；让步
7．as_usual 照常
8．at_midnight 在午夜
9．put_up 张贴；搭建
10．get_sb._interested_in 使某人对……感兴趣
11．dream_about/of 梦想
12．feel_like [串记2] 想要；感觉像
[同根短语串记]
串记1.“be＋adj.＋of”短语归纳
①be fond of 喜欢；喜爱
②be tired of 对……厌倦
③be afraid of 害怕……
④be aware of 意识到；知道
⑤be proud of 为……自豪
串记2.like相关短语聚会
①feel like 想要
②more like 差不多，更接近
③something like 大约；有点像
④nothing like 一点也不像
⑤look like 看起来像


1．take a great bike trip　　 　　　 作一次伟大的自行车旅行
2．plan a schedule for the trip 制订旅行日程表
3．an interesting experience 一次有趣的经历
4．graduate from 从……毕业
5．be dressed in 穿着
6．change ...for ... 把……换成……
7．can hardly wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要做某事
8．stay awake 保持清醒

1．It_was_my_sister_who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.
首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。
2．Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted_that_she_organize the trip properly.
尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
3．When I told her the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
4．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no_matter_how_hard_it_is.
一个意志力坚定的人总是努力完成工作，不管它有多么艰难。
5．Our legs were so_heavy_and_cold_that they felt like blocks of ice.
我们的腿又沉又冷以至于摸起来像冰块一样。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语(补全句子)
1．(2015·湖北高考完形填空)The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers as_usual (照常；像往常一样)．
2．(2013·山东高考完形填空)I think I am a much better person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not forget these experiences. They have taught me to care_about (关心) other people more than about myself.
高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式
(词汇升级/补全句子)
1. (2015·陕西高考书面表达)I’m very strong and healthy and I like (＝am_fond_of ) dancing and singing.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)
2．(2014·山东高考写作)Thinking of my dream that I would become a teacher in the future, I decided (＝made_up_my_mind) to take the exam again.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)
3．(2014·安徽高考书面表达)塑造我们生活的不是我们偶尔遇到的困难，而是我们面对困难的态度。(强调句型)
It’s_not_what_difficulties_we_meet_once_in_a_while_that shapes our lives, but what attitudes we take to face them.
4．(2016·天津高考书面表达)你们是如此的善良和体贴，无论你们在哪里，我们都希望和你们成为朋友。(so ... that ...; no matter)
You are so_kind_and_considerate_that we hope to be friends with you no_matter_where_you_are.
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
1．care about关心；忧虑；惦念；在乎
[记牢]
care for　　　　　　　　 喜欢；照料
take care 当心
take care of 照料；处理
with care 小心；慎重
[练通]
选词填空(care about, care for)
①I don’t care_about the price, so long as the car is in good condition.
②He was very grateful to the nurses who had cared_for him.
单句语法填空
③My grandpa was taken good care of in the nursing home. Therefore, I sent a big bunch of flowers to the nurse as an expression of thanks.
④He handled the instrument with care for fear it should be damaged.
[写美]　补全句子
⑤这段经历告诉我，除了在生活中目标高远，我们也应该关心每一件小事，因为它们使我们的成功成为可能。
This experience has taught me that, as well as aiming high in life, we_should_also_care_about_every_small_thing,_because they are what make our success possible.
2．make up one’s mind下决心；决定
[记牢]
change one’s mind　　　　　　 改变主意
bear/keep ... in mind 记住/牢记……
have ...in mind 考虑；打算
fix one’s mind on/upon 把注意力集中于……
read one’s mind 看出某人的心思
[练通]
单句语法填空
①After graduation from college, they made up their minds (mind) to go and settle in the countryside.
②Peter changed his (he) mind after a phone call at the last minute.
词汇升级
③Always remember that your main task is to get your English improved.bear/keep_in_mind_
[用准]　make up one’s mind中的名词mind有单复数的变化，根据one’s的单复数来确定mind的单复数。
[写美]　补全句子
④(2015·湖南高考写作)同时，我下定决心更加努力学习而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在那些无用的事情上。
At the same time, I made_up_my_mind_to_study_harder_rather_than_waste_precious_time on those useless things.
3．give in屈服；投降；让步；上交
[记牢]
give in to　　　　　　　 向……让步
give away 分发；赠送；泄露
give off 发出(光、热、声音、气味等)
give out 分发；用完；耗尽
give up 放弃；停止
[练通]
单句语法填空
①The children were required to give in their examination papers immediately.
②If plastic and rubber are burnt, they’ll give off poisonous gases.
选词填空(give in, give in to)
③The authorities have shown no signs of giving_in_to the kidnappers' demand.
[用准]　give in作“上交”讲时，为及物动词，其后可直接加宾语；作“让步；投降”讲时，为不及物动词，其后加介词to，再接宾语。
[写美]　补全句子
④(2016·北京高考书面表达)那个周末，我们去了附近的一个社区并把它们捐赠给那里的人们。
That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave_them_away_to_the_people_there.
[句式集释]
1．insist that ... (should) do sth.“坚持主张……做某事”
[教材原句]　Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she_insisted_that_she_organize the trip properly.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)He also insisted that they (should)_leave (leave) enough space for children.
(2)On the contrary, the volunteers insist that they have_got (get) tired of the life on the earth.
(3)The man insisted on finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)insist that ...表示“坚持认为……；坚决要求……”
(2)insist on (doing) sth.表示“坚持(做)某事”
注意事项
insist that ...
(1)表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，后跟宾语从句用陈述语气；
(2)表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”，后跟宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略。

[背写作佳句]
(1)(2017·天津高考书面表达)The teacher insisted that every minute (should) be made full use of to do the work well.(要点句)
(2)In conclusion, so long as you insist on doing so, you will reap a harvest.(总结句)
2．“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构
[教材原句]　When I told her_the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)Today’s homework was_easy_to_do,_so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
今天的作业容易做，因此迈克很快完成作业然后出去玩耍了。
(2)Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is_hard_to_get_along_with.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)句型：主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式
(2)特点：不定式用主动形式表示被动意义
(3)使用条件：使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；②常用形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。
注意事项
在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。

[背写作佳句]
(1)(2016·四川高考书面表达)Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite. The morning air is so good to breathe.(开头句)
(2)Even though the problem was difficult to solve, I didn’t give up. Because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]　
Ⅰ.选词填空
care about， ever since， give in， make up one’s mind， feel like， as usual， be fond of， put up
1．It is often the husband who gives_in first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.
2．—I’m afraid that she won’t come to help me as she promised.
—Don’t worry.Nothing will change her mind if she has made_up_her_mind.
3．My grandfather is a warm­hearted person, and he_is_fond_of giving advice to all my friends.
4．I usually slept in on Sundays, but on this particular morning, I felt_like getting up early.
5．While he was rescuing survivors in the ruins, little did he care_about his safety.
6．Despite her problems, she carried on working as_usual.
7．The exam results will_be_put_up on Friday afternoon.
8．Ever_since then, the couple have tried their best to help the disabled.
Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子
1．中国历来主张国家不分大小，应该一律平等。(insist that)
China has always insisted_that_all_countries,_big_or_small,_(should)_be_equal.
2．这台机器很容易操作。任何人都可以在几分钟内学会使用它。(主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式)
This_machine_is_very_easy_to_operate. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
3．通过建立家庭博客，无论在哪里我们都能便利地分享我们的经历。 (no matter)
By setting up a family blog, we can conveniently share our experiences no_matter_where_we_are.
4．大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客前来观光旅游。(so ...that)
Dalian is so_attractive_a_place_that lots of tourists visit the city every year.
5．是我姐姐在我处境困难的时候帮助了我。(强调句型)
_It_was_my_sister_who/that gave me a hand when I was in trouble.
Ⅲ.概要写作
概要写作是阅读理解和书面表达的有机结合。所给短文的文体以说明文、议论文为主。概要写作旨在考查考生的阅读理解能力和概括运用英语语言知识的能力。
[写作技法指导]
一、题型特点
要求考生进行概要写作的阅读材料原文词数一般为300词左右。要求考生阅读原文后根据其内容写出一篇约60词的内容概要。概要所用语句既要用词准确，结构合理，语义连贯，不得抄写原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。
二、注意事项
1．词数要限制在60词左右。
2．要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。
3．人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可变换成第三人称。
4．写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照搬照抄原文。
三、写作步骤
第一步：归纳主旨大意(含段落大意)
1．概要写作的第一步便是阅读短文并抓取主题，进而提取主旨大意，即有关该主题的主要内容或作者在该主题上的观点或主张。归纳主旨大意，是为了整体上把握语篇要义，有利于区分主次、剔除细节信息。
2．确定段落主旨句时，要兼顾语篇大背景，即在全文主旨大意的统领下归纳段落主旨，将段落主旨纳入语篇主旨的架构中。不是所有的段落都有现成的段落主旨句，有的段落主旨句需要考生根据段落内容予以归纳和概括。
阅读语篇时，根据不同的文体可采取以下方法归纳主旨大意：

记叙文
圈出记叙文的六要素(who, when, where, what, how, why)；如果是夹叙夹议文，还要写出故事给读者带来的启示或寓意
说明文
找出文章要说明的对象、观点或建议
议论文
提取议论文的三要素(论点、论据、结论)

第二步：提炼关键词
1．结合主旨大意，细读段落，找出每个段落的主旨句和关键词，区别段落中哪些是main ideas，哪些是supporting ideas, examples 和additional information。通常是在相对重要的句子中提炼关键词。正确的关键词和关键句是概要写作最重要的内容和依据。
2．消减事例，尽量减少实事并省略细节。
第三步：合并和改写
1．合并信息首先需要对信息进行分类、整合，找到信息之间的联系，再将联系紧密的信息合并在一起。同一层级的主旨句不宜合并在一起，但如果联系紧密，且没有支持的细节信息，可以考虑合并。
2．在核心信息的基础上进行语言表达形式的改写，对原文的语言表达形式尽可能实现大规模的改变(改词、换句型)。
第四步：核查成文
核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词(but, then, later, finally, besides, thus, therefore, yet, however)；核查标点和语法；核查词数，并最终连句成文。
[经典案例示法]
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Your hunger doesn't necessarily mean you are really hungry.It is an important sign of what is happening in your body — physically, emotionally and mentally.Sounds strange? It is true and here in this article we shall discuss certain things that your hunger is trying to tell you.
When you feel hungry, try to figure out if you are really hungry.Sometimes when you think that you are hungry, you might be thirsty.It is possible that you have been dehydrated (脱水) for a long time and your body is sending a signal through your hunger.So instead of eating, go for water and quench your thirst at the earliest.
If you feel hungry all the time, it could mean that you are depriving (剥夺) yourself of certain foods and hence the body is craving for these.If you are on a strict diet, then go for foods and legumes rich in protein along with complex carbohydrates (碳水化合物) like quinoa and brown rice that will take you a long time to digest and will keep you full for a long period of time.
You might get hungry for a certain kind of food only at times.This is because you become emotional about certain foods.For example, if you are happy and celebrating your anniversary, you might end up having a desire for the cake that you brought to celebrate the special occasion. This is called emotional eating.
Sometimes your hunger might mean that you need to take a break.When you end up working at a stretch, and you do not realize that your body needs rest, you can end up feeling hungry as it is a way your body is telling you to break free from work.
Sometimes when you are bored or stressed out, you might feel hungry.It is the body's way of telling you that you need a change of scene.Go out, take a walk, talk to your dearest friend or simply take some deep breaths.Even after this, if you feel hungry, do eat.
[写作步骤]
第一步：归纳主旨大意
主旨大意：文章主要介绍了饥饿的五个信号。这些信号产生的时候我们不一定是真的饿了，可能是你的身体有别的需求。
文章结构：

第二步：提炼关键词
Paragraph 1：
1.Your_hunger_doesn't_necessarily_mean_you_are_really_hungry.
2．We shall discuss certain_things that your hunger is trying to tell you.
Paragraph 2：
3.Sometimes when you think that you are hungry,_you might be thirsty.
Paragraph 3：
4.If you feel_hungry all the time, it could mean that you are depriving_yourself_of_certain_foods and hence the body is craving for these.
Paragraph 4：
5.You might get hungry for a certain kind of food only at times.
6．This is called emotional_eating.
Paragraph 5：
7.Your_hunger might mean that you need to take_a_break.
Paragraph 6：
8.Sometimes when you are bored_or_stressed_out,_you might feel_hungry.

第三步：合并和改写
1．要点1和2
合并：Your hunger doesn't necessarily mean you are really hungry.However, it is trying to tell you other things.
改写：Many factors can_explain_why your hunger doesn't necessarily mean you are really hungry.
2．要点3和4
合并：Being thirsty for a long time or having a desire for certain foods may make you feel hungry.
改写：When you are thirsty and having a desire for a certain food, you will_feel_hungry.
3．要点5和6
合并：Sometimes, you might get hungry for a certain kind of food, which is called emotional eating.
改写：You might be hungry when_you_become emotional about certain foods on some special occasions.
4．要点7和8
合并：Other factors, such as lack of rest or being bored and stressed out, make you feel hungry.
改写：Lack of rest or feeling bored and stressed out can also lead to your_hunger.
第四步：核查成文
核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。最终成文如下：
Many_factors_can_explain_why_your_hunger_doesn't_necessarily_mean_you_are_really_hungry.(要点1)First, when you are thirsty and having a desire for a certain food, you will feel hungry.(要点2)Besides, you might be hungry when you become emotional about certain foods on some special occasions.(要点3)Moreover, lack of rest or feeling bored and stressed out can also lead to your hunger.(要点4)

理清文体结构之(三)　应用文之人物介绍——抓主题析人物特征，比对定答案
不同的几个人物，依靠某一个特定的主题放置在一起，考查考生读文的各种技巧，这是高考语篇中人物介绍类应用文的命题特点。此类文章的破解关键在于：首先要抓住把几位人物链接在一起的纽带，即文章主题；其次要抓住每个人物自身的特点；然后迅速浏览题干，依据题干中的关键词到文中寻找与之相关的“信息区间”，比对即可得出答案。
[高考典例]　2016·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇
[抓文章主题，析不同人物特征]
[读文解题技法]


首段点明主题


　人物1　◄

职业

　
　 　
　
　　
人物2　◄
成就　　
　
　 　

人物3　◄

　
事件


成就

人物4　◄


事件


成就
　 　
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years？
Jane Addams (1860­1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907­1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930­present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U．S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913­2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil­rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in，” said Parks.
1.读首段，明主题
通读第一段，可知本文主题应是介绍几位优秀女性。
2.关注不同人物特征
从下面4位人物介绍中知晓发生在她们身上的事及她们取得的成就。
3.题文比对得出答案
抓住题干中的关键词，然后到文中寻找相应人物的特征，比对即可得出答案。

[由不同人物特征，定位比对归纳出答案]
21．What is noted for in history?
A．Her social work.
B．Her teaching skills.
C．Her efforts to win a prize.
D．Her community background.
22．What was the reason for being rejected by the law firm?
A．Her lack of proper training in law.
B．Her little work experience in court.
C．The discrimination against women.
D．The poor financial conditions.
23．Who made a great contribution to in the U．S.?
A．Jane Addams.　　　　　 　B．Rachel Carson.
C．Sandra Day O’Connor. D．Rosa Parks.
24．What can we infer about in the text?
A．They are highly educated. B．They are truly creative.
C．They are pioneers. D．They are peace­lovers.
[答案]　21.A　22.C　23.D　24.C
21．题中人物文中人物1的“职业”及“成就”，得出答案
22．题中人物文中人物3的“事件”，得出答案
23．题中事件文中人物4的“成就”，得出答案
24．总结特征得出4位人物的共性