还剩22页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：2021高考英语人教版全能大一轮复习讲义
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
2021版英语全能大一轮复习人教版讲义：语法精讲强化系列一动词的时态和语态
展开
温馨提示：
此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。
语法精讲强化系列
一、动词的时态和语态
考纲解读
动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点, 考生应熟记各种时态的基本概念并掌握其用法, 另外还应特别注意以下几点: 把握各种时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。
考题链接
Ⅰ. 用所给词的正确形式填空
1. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I am writing (write)to apply to be a volunteer of your team, having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held (hold) in this local city.
2. (2019·北京高考)For the past 20 years, I have lived(live) by these words.
3. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal meant(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder! ”
4. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Later, engineers managed(manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube.
Ⅱ. 单句改错
5. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. (are改为were)
6. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. (begin改为 begun)
解题思路
1. 根据时间状语、标志词等判断
不同时态有其特定的时间状语或标志词。如: 一般现在时常有every day, often, sometimes等; 一般过去时常有yesterday, last year, in 1990, the other day, ago等; 现在进行时中常有look, listen等; 现在完成时常有since 1988, in the last/past few years等。只要找出这些时间状语或标志词, 确定时态就容易了。
2. 根据已知动词的时态形式来判断
在主从复合句中, 要学会根据已知的动词形式来判断所要填的动词形式。此外, 还要特别注意以下两点:
(1)在含有宾语从句的复合句中, 如果主句谓语动词是现在时态, 可以根据需要选择从句谓语动词的时态; 如果主句谓语动词是过去时态, 宾语从句中谓语动词的时态要用过去的某种时态; 但若从句表示的是客观真理, 则谓语动词的时态用一般现在时。
(2)在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的复合句中, 从句谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作。
3. 根据语境或上下文关系判断
在做语法填空和短文改错时, 我们首先要在理解大意的基础上确定基本时态, 然后, 再根据上下文相应的提示以及其他标志词做进一步判断。
考点清单
考点1 一般时态
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与表示频度的时间状语连用, 如usually, often, always, sometimes, every day, from time to time, once a week, hardly, seldom, rarely等。
*On Monday morning it usually takes me an hour to drive to work.
(2)表示客观事实、真理、格言或者警句等。
*Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees.
(3)表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为, 只限于go, come, leave, start, stop, arrive, begin, return, open, close等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词。
*The plane takes off at 11: 30 and arrives in Shanghai at 1: 20.
(4)表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时, 如see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, agree, believe, like, hate, want, think, belong to, seem等。
He likes his bike, very much.
All the students here belong to No. 1 Middle School.
(5)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用现在时代替将来时。
*I’ll call you as soon as I arrive there.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·北京高考) First celebrated in 1970, the Day now ______(include) events in more than 190 countries and regions.
解题关键: 根据题干中时间状语now可知此处指的是现在这个节日的情况, 应用一般现在时。
答案判定: includes
2. 一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用yesterday, last year, in 1995, the other day等作时间状语。
*He worked very hard last year.
(2)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
*He said he would not go if it rained.
(3)表达“原以为/本来认为/原希望”等意义时, know, think, expect等动词常用一般过去时。
*I didn’t expect to meet you here.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·浙江高考)One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
解题关键: 根据题中found可知, that引导的宾语从句应用过去的相应时态, 根据句意可知此处应用一般过去时。
答案判定: improved
3. 一般将来时
(1)一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态, 即单纯的将来事实。
*It is announced that Nokia will make a comeback next year with a plan to launch new smartphones.
(2)三类表示一般将来时的特殊结构:
①be going to do sth. 表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事。
*What are you going to do tomorrow?
②be to do sth. 表示按计划或安排即将要做某事, 或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。
*We are to obey these rules when we go into the library.
③be about to do sth. 表示即将要发生某事。该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用。
*The train is about to leave.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)As scheduled, it ______(hold) on the playground from 5 p. m. to 8 p. m. next Sunday.
解题关键: 根据题中时间状语next Sunday可知此处表示在将来某时间要发生的情况, 应用一般将来时, 且为被动。
答案判定: will be held
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and recommended (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
2. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)As we all know, friendship always comes (come) first.
3. (2019·浙江高考)When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody has/will have (have) to worry about fashion (时尚).
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. (2019·江苏高考)A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr Smith fell in love with the people and culture there.
史密斯先生到中国几个月后, 就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。
2. (2019·江苏高考)More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy.
为了满足新能源的需求, 更多的风力发电站将会涌现。
3. (2019·浙江高考) First of all, uniforms help the school look smart.
首先, 校服帮助学校看起来整洁。
4. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
然而, 目前这些技术仍然很昂贵。
5. (2019·北京高考)Last week I took part in a farmwork programme in the suburbs.
上周, 我在郊区参加了一个农活活动。
考点2 进行时态
1. 现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作、发生的事情或者表示现阶段(at present, this week等)正在进行的动作、发生的事情(说话时动作不一定进行或存在)。
*Together with Hangzhou and Beijing, many cities in China are entering an era without cash.
(2)一些特定的表示位置移动的动词come, go, leave, get, start, open, arrive, begin, return等常用现在进行时表将来。
*Some of these are getting scarce because people kill them for various reasons.
(3)现在(或者过去)进行时态与always, constantly, often, forever, continually等副词连用表示说话者的“赞叹、厌烦、不满”等感情色彩。
*The girl is always talking aloud in public places.
(4)下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时
①表示心理状态、情感的动词: like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need等。
②表示存在状态的动词: appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, belong to等。
③表示行为结果的动词: allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete等。
④表示感官的动词: see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look等。
【辨析】一般现在时与现在进行时
一般现在时
主要用于习惯性或经常性的动作, 常伴随使用频度副词usually, often, seldom等
现在进行时
主要用于表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作, 常跟时间状语now, at present等连用
*He usually writes a lot of letters, but he isn’t writing at present.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Since you take much interest in music, I ______(write) to invite you to participate in the festival with me.
解题关键: 此题根据语境可知, 写信人现在正在写信邀请对方一起参加节日。
答案判定: am writing
2. 过去进行时
(1)过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作或者发生的事情。
*What were you doing yesterday at 7: 00 p. m. ?
(2)表示过去一个动作发生时另外一个动作正在进行。
*I was watching TV when someone knocked at the door.
(3)过去进行时可以表示按计划、安排在过去将要发生的事。用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置移动的动词时, 也可以用过去进行时表示过去按照计划、安排将要发生的动作。
*Yesterday he said he was leaving for Canada.
(4)过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似, 过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩, 也通常与 always, forever, continually等副词连用。
*They were always quarrelling about small things when they were young.
【辨析】一般过去时与过去进行时
一般过去时
表示一个完成的动作; 亦可表示过去某个时刻发生的单纯动作(侧重说明事实)
过去进行时
表示过去某一阶段正在进行的动作; 亦可表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作(强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景)或者不断反复进行的动作
*I read a novel last night. (证明事实)
*I was reading a novel last night. (可能没看完)
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·江苏高考)The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he ______(quit).
解题关键: 此题根据语境可知, 任务很困难, Steve感到愤怒和沮丧, 打算放弃, 应用过去进行时表示计划或打算要做的事。
答案判定: was quitting
3. 将来进行时
表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作, 或按预测将来会发生的事情。常用的时间状语有: soon, tomorrow, this evening, by this time, in two days, tomorrow evening等。
*This time next week I’ll be lying on the beach, enjoying the sunshine.
【辨析】一般将来时与将来进行时
一般将来时
表示对“现在时刻”来说, 将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态
将来进行时
表示将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作
*She is sixteen, and will be seventeen next year.
*What will you be doing at this time next Monday?
用所给词的适当形式填空
—Could I use your car tomorrow morning?
—Sure. I ______(write)a report at home.
解题关键: 由题干中的关键信息词tomorrow morning可知, 双方在谈论明天早晨的事情, 所以答语应用将来进行时, 表示“明天早晨我将在家写报告”。
答案判定: will be writing
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2019·江苏高考)Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing (discuss) what to wear when receiving the British students next month.
2. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding(forbid) to most citizens.
考点3 完成时态
1. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常用的时间状语: already, so far, never, just, before, recently等。
*Nowadays the cost of a new car has fallen in real terms so that it is cheaper than ever to own one.
(2)表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since, for+时间段以及so far, now, today, this week (month, year), for a long time, in the past/last few years, these days等连用。
*Beijing Sanlian Taofen Bookstore has devoted itself to providing the best service for readers for 20 years.
(3)现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时完成的动作。
*Please return the book to me when you have finished it.
【点津】(1)注意牢记以下固定句型:
①It is/has been+时间段+ since. . .
表示“自从……以来已经……”。
*It is/has been ten years since I graduated from university.
②This/It/That is the first/second/third. . . time that. . . 表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”, that从句中要用现在完成时。
*This is the first time that I have been here.
(2)注意避免思维定势: 一看到for+时间段, 就用动词的现在完成时态。一定要看语境强调的是“该动作曾经做过多长时间”(一般过去时), 还是“该动作已经做完多长时间”(现在完成时)。
*Yang Zhenning lived in America for many years and now he lives in China.
杨振宁在美国定居多年, 现在他生活在中国。
*Dashan has lived in China for many years.
大山已经在中国住了许多年。
【辨析】一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
一般过去时
①强调动作发生在过去某一时间, 不强调对现在造成的影响或结果
②与表示过去某一特定时间或与现在无关的某一过去时间连用
现在完成时
①表示过去动作与现在有关系, 主要强调对现在造成的影响或结果
②可与today, this week, since等表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用, 但不能和表示过去时间的状语连用
*They have gone to Paris so far.
他们目前已经去巴黎了(说明他们现在不在这里)。
*They went to Paris last year. 他们去年去过巴黎(只说明去过, 不表明是否现在仍在那里)。
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ______(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
解题关键: 根据句中时间状语In recent years可知应用现在完成时。
答案判定: have reported
2. 过去完成时
(1)表示在过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作, 强调“过去的过去”之意。常与by, before等介词短语或状语从句连用或用于有上下文暗示的句子中。
*Some scientists claimed that they had found some evidence to prove the existence of aliens.
(2)表示意向的动词, 如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等, 用过去完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。
*We had expected that you would be able to win the match.
【点津】注意固定句型:
①This/It/That was the first/second/third. . . time that. . . 表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”, that从句中要用过去完成时。
*This was the first time that I had been here.
②hardly. . . when. . . 和no sooner. . . than. . . 两个句型中, 主句均用过去完成时。
*Hardly had the match started when we arrived.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·天津高考)I ______(hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
解题关键: 根据语境可知此处表示“本来希望做某事, 但没有做成”, 应用过去完成时。
答案判定: had hoped
3. 将来完成时
(1)将来完成时表示到将来某一时间, 某一动作将会完成。其构成是“will have done”。常用的时间状语为“by+将来的某个时间”。
*By this time of next year, all of us will have become college students.
(2)表示某种状况将一直持续到说话人所提及的某一将来时间。
*By this time next week, I will have worked for this company for 24 years.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·北京卷)By the time these “solutions”become widely available, scammers ______(move) onto cleverer means.
解题关键: 根据题干中的时间状语By the time these “solutions”become widely available可知此处表示到将来某一时间为止这种情况将会已经发生完, 应用将来完成时。
答案判定: will have moved
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made (make) over the years.
2. (2019·天津高考)I took notes during the meeting, but I haven’t had(have) a chance to write them into a report so far.
3. (2019·天津高考) But I did not find my results to be as good as I had hoped(hope) they would be.
4. (2019·江苏高考)They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals will have been installed (install) by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
考点4 现在完成进行时和过去将来时
1. 现在完成进行时
(1)常用来表示开始于过去某个时间、一直持续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。
*I have been learning English since I was 8 years old and I still love it.
(2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。
*He has been saying that ten times.
【辨析】现在完成时与现在完成进行时
现在完成时
表示过去开始的一个动作到目前为止已经完成, 体现动作的结果
现在完成进行时
表示过去开始的一个动作到目前为止仍在进行, 甚至仍将继续下去
He has cleaned the window. (动作已完成)
He has been cleaning the window. (正在进行甚至仍将继续)
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)For the past two years, Gordon’s students ______(study) ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案).
解题关键: 根据句中时间状语For the past two years可知此处表示该动作到现在已经持续了两年而且会持续下去, 应用现在完成进行时。
答案判定: have been studying
2. 过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即过去将来时是“立足过去, 着眼未来”的一种时态, 常用于宾语从句中。
*The manager said that the shops would soon close.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·江苏高考)By the day of the show, more than 300 people had said they ______(attend).
解题关键: 根据语境可知此处表示在过去看来将要做的事, 应用过去将来时。
答案判定: would attend
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2019·北京高考)A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering (offer) free rides to college students for the past eight years.
2. (2019·天津高考)It’s a fascinating book, but little did I know how it would touch (touch) my life and the lives of others.
3. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)But the phrase “penny paper ” caught the public’s fancy, and soon there would be (be) papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
考点5 被动语态
被动语态的用法如下:
1. 不知道或不必指出动作的执行者时。
Computers are widely used in transport.
计算机被广泛运用于交通领域。
2. 强调动作的承受者时。
A third ring will be built around this city.
这座城市将建一条三环路。
3. Much has been said but little has been done about the issue. 关于这件事, 说得太多, 做得太少。
4. 出于修辞的需要, 使用被动语态可以使句子更加简练、匀称。
The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.
这项计划受到那些希望有更多机会说英语的人的支持。
5. 科技文献、新闻报道中常使用被动语态。
The plan was celebrated on March 14, 1988.
这个计划是在1988年3月14日庆祝的。
6. 用于一些固定句式中。
It is hoped that. . . 希望……
It is supposed that. . . 据推测说……
It is known that. . . 据说……
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our week-long stay, we ______(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
解题关键: 根据语境可知此处应用一般过去时, 且根据空格后的to attend可知此处主语we与invite之间为被动关系, 应用一般过去时的被动语态。
答案判定: were invited
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In their cages the monkeys were provided (provide) with touch screens.
2. (2019·天津高考)People can be given (give) the information earlier and take steps to improve their health before it’s too late.
3. (2019·天津高考)Now over 25, 000 stuffed animals have been donated (donate) to agencies worldwide.
学生用书P126
基础题组
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. On Oct 23, President Xi Jinping announced(announce)the opening of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) at a ceremony in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province.
2. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He was killed(kill)when trying to save a child in an earthquake.
3. I wonder why Jenny hasn’t written(write)to us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
4. By the end of last year, another new bridge had been completed(complete)in Beijing.
5. My uncle said that he would telephone but I haven’t heard(hear)from him so far.
6. —Can I help you, sir?
—Yes, I bought this radio yesterday, but it doesn’t work(work).
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. On the first day of my new term, I stood at the classroom door feeling a little nervous.
新学期的第一天, 我站在教室门口感觉有点紧张。
2. The research on pollution suggests/has suggested/suggested that human activities are to blame.
关于污染的研究表明, 人类活动该负主要责任。
3. The old teacher declared that she had no plans to retire from her 20-year-old work.
那位老教师宣布她没有从她做了20年的工作上退休的计划。
4. Soon I will graduate from university and become a member of the company.
不久我将会大学毕业并成为这家公司的一员。
5. We have collected 2 million yuan for the poor children so far.
迄今为止我们已为贫穷儿童筹集了二百万元。
6. The students feel that they belong to the same group as you.
这些学生感觉他们和你属于同一个小组。
7. He said that he was losing his memory as he grew old.
他说, 随着他变老, 他正在失去他的记忆力。
语篇题组
Ⅰ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I 1. __________(edit)a photo caption when I saw the phrase “Smith said his kids favorite part of the event was the snow cone come truck. ” I walked over to
2. __________ student photographer who wrote the caption and asked whether Mr Smith had one child or many.
The photographer wanted to know why. “The word “kid” needed an apostrophe, ” I replied, “and where I put that punctuation mark would change the size of Mr Smith’s family. ”
“Wow, ” the photographer said. “One punctuation mark can make a big
3. __________(differ). ”
This exchange isn’t made up. And the fact that it happened in the same month as National Punctuation Day—which is Sept. 24 4. __________(emphasize)the importance of proper use of punctuation.
For National Punctuation Day, my goal is 5. ________(promote)proper use of commas, semicolons and so on 6. __________ my good example. I will use punctuation in all text 7. __________(message), never leaving out periods on Twitter.
Jeff Rubin, who founded National Punctuation Day in 2004, wrote that he started National Punctuation Day because of concern about 8. __________
(decline)language skills. He noted that almost 60 percent of incoming college freshmen needed remedial(补救的)English classes 9. __________(urgent).
Information like that is 10. __________ our anger should be focused. So classroom is a great place to celebrate National Punctuation Day.
【文章大意】一位学生摄影师在写照片标题时, 因为没有加撇号造成歧义, 本文作者以这个例子来说明准确使用标点的重要性。
1. 【解析】was editing。考查动词时态。句意: 我正在编辑照片标题, 这时我看到了一句话。根据when I saw the phrase 可以得知当时正在做, 用过去进行时。故填was editing。
2. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 我走到那个写照片标题的学生摄影师身边。有定语从句限定, 表示特指用定冠词the。故填the。
3. 【解析】difference。考查名词。句意: 一个标点符号就能产生巨大的影响。make a difference 有影响, 起作用, 冠词后用名词。故填difference。
4. 【解析】emphasizes。考查动词时态。句意: 9月24日是国家标点日, 它强调了正确使用标点的重要性。主语是“国家标点日”, 客观事实用一般现在时, 谓语动词用单数形式。故填emphasizes。
5. 【解析】to promote。考查非谓语动词。句意: 我的目标是推广逗号、分号等的使用。不定式作表语, 解释或说明主语的具体内容, 故填to promote。
6. 【解析】through/by。考查介词。句意: 我想通过这个例子推广大家对标点符号的正确使用。through “通过”是介词, 也可以by。故填through/by。
7. 【解析】messages。考查名词。句意: 我会在所有文本上用标点符号, 不遗漏句号。all修饰名词复数形式。故填messages。
8. 【解析】declining。考查动名词。句意: Jeff Rubin担心语言技能下降所以开创了国家标点日。concern about doing, 介词后用名词或动名词形式。故填declining。
9. 【解析】urgently。考查副词。句意: 他指出60%的大一新生急切需要补习英语课程。副词修饰动词。故填urgently。
10. 【解析】where。考查关系副词。句意: 这样的信息是我们应该感到愤怒的地方。表语从句中缺少地点状语。故填where。
Ⅱ. 短文改错
I still remember a math lesson. My math teacher copied a challenging problem on the blackboard and asks the whole class whether there would be one student who knew what to work it out. Several minutes passed, but the whole class was in completely silence. As matter of fact, I came across the problem in a book the other day. However, I walked to the blackboard and worked it out in no time. What a surprising expression on my math teacher’s face! He felt very happy that he praised me on public. Since then, math has been become one of my favorite subject, and I have also made rapid progress in math.
答案:
1. 【解析】第二句asks改为asked。考查动词的时态。and连接两个并列谓语动词, 根据句中提示词copied可知, 此处应用一般过去时, 故将asks改为asked。
2. 【解析】第二句what改为how。考查名词性从句。句意: ……问全班同学是否有人知道怎样解出这道题。从句中动词不定式不缺宾语, 不能用what; 根据句意, 用how最合适, 故将what改为how。
3. 【解析】第三句completely改为complete。考查形容词。修饰名词silence应用形容词, 故将completely改为complete。
4. 【解析】第四句as后加a。考查固定搭配。as a matter of fact是固定搭配, 意为“事实上”。故在as后加a。
5. 【解析】第五句However改为Therefore/Thus。考查副词。本句及前一句句意: 事实上, 几天前我在一本书上见过这道题。因此, 我走到黑板前并且立刻解出了这道题。根据句意可知, 上下文之间是因果关系, 故将However改为Therefore或者Thus。
6. 【解析】第六句surprising改为surprised考查形容词。修饰expression, look, voice等名词时, 一般用过去分词形式的形容词, 表示这些表情或声音的主人的主观感受。故将surprising改为surprised。
7. 【解析】第七句very改为so。考查固定句式。句意: 老师非常高兴, 当众表扬了我。so. . . that. . . 是固定句式, 意为“如此……以至于……”。故将very改为so。
8. 【解析】第七句on改为in。考查固定搭配。in public是固定搭配, 意为“公开地; 当众”。故将on改为in。
9. 【解析】第八句删除been。考查动词的语态。主语math与谓语之间为主动关系, 故删除been。
10. 【解析】第八句subject改为subjects。考查名词单复数。在one of+n. 结构中, 应用复数名词。故将subject改为subjects。
关闭Word文档返回原板块
此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。
语法精讲强化系列
一、动词的时态和语态
考纲解读
动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点, 考生应熟记各种时态的基本概念并掌握其用法, 另外还应特别注意以下几点: 把握各种时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。
考题链接
Ⅰ. 用所给词的正确形式填空
1. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I am writing (write)to apply to be a volunteer of your team, having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held (hold) in this local city.
2. (2019·北京高考)For the past 20 years, I have lived(live) by these words.
3. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal meant(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder! ”
4. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Later, engineers managed(manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube.
Ⅱ. 单句改错
5. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. (are改为were)
6. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. (begin改为 begun)
解题思路
1. 根据时间状语、标志词等判断
不同时态有其特定的时间状语或标志词。如: 一般现在时常有every day, often, sometimes等; 一般过去时常有yesterday, last year, in 1990, the other day, ago等; 现在进行时中常有look, listen等; 现在完成时常有since 1988, in the last/past few years等。只要找出这些时间状语或标志词, 确定时态就容易了。
2. 根据已知动词的时态形式来判断
在主从复合句中, 要学会根据已知的动词形式来判断所要填的动词形式。此外, 还要特别注意以下两点:
(1)在含有宾语从句的复合句中, 如果主句谓语动词是现在时态, 可以根据需要选择从句谓语动词的时态; 如果主句谓语动词是过去时态, 宾语从句中谓语动词的时态要用过去的某种时态; 但若从句表示的是客观真理, 则谓语动词的时态用一般现在时。
(2)在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的复合句中, 从句谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作。
3. 根据语境或上下文关系判断
在做语法填空和短文改错时, 我们首先要在理解大意的基础上确定基本时态, 然后, 再根据上下文相应的提示以及其他标志词做进一步判断。
考点清单
考点1 一般时态
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与表示频度的时间状语连用, 如usually, often, always, sometimes, every day, from time to time, once a week, hardly, seldom, rarely等。
*On Monday morning it usually takes me an hour to drive to work.
(2)表示客观事实、真理、格言或者警句等。
*Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees.
(3)表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为, 只限于go, come, leave, start, stop, arrive, begin, return, open, close等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词。
*The plane takes off at 11: 30 and arrives in Shanghai at 1: 20.
(4)表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时, 如see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, agree, believe, like, hate, want, think, belong to, seem等。
He likes his bike, very much.
All the students here belong to No. 1 Middle School.
(5)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用现在时代替将来时。
*I’ll call you as soon as I arrive there.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·北京高考) First celebrated in 1970, the Day now ______(include) events in more than 190 countries and regions.
解题关键: 根据题干中时间状语now可知此处指的是现在这个节日的情况, 应用一般现在时。
答案判定: includes
2. 一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用yesterday, last year, in 1995, the other day等作时间状语。
*He worked very hard last year.
(2)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
*He said he would not go if it rained.
(3)表达“原以为/本来认为/原希望”等意义时, know, think, expect等动词常用一般过去时。
*I didn’t expect to meet you here.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·浙江高考)One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
解题关键: 根据题中found可知, that引导的宾语从句应用过去的相应时态, 根据句意可知此处应用一般过去时。
答案判定: improved
3. 一般将来时
(1)一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态, 即单纯的将来事实。
*It is announced that Nokia will make a comeback next year with a plan to launch new smartphones.
(2)三类表示一般将来时的特殊结构:
①be going to do sth. 表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事。
*What are you going to do tomorrow?
②be to do sth. 表示按计划或安排即将要做某事, 或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。
*We are to obey these rules when we go into the library.
③be about to do sth. 表示即将要发生某事。该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用。
*The train is about to leave.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)As scheduled, it ______(hold) on the playground from 5 p. m. to 8 p. m. next Sunday.
解题关键: 根据题中时间状语next Sunday可知此处表示在将来某时间要发生的情况, 应用一般将来时, 且为被动。
答案判定: will be held
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and recommended (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
2. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)As we all know, friendship always comes (come) first.
3. (2019·浙江高考)When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody has/will have (have) to worry about fashion (时尚).
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. (2019·江苏高考)A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr Smith fell in love with the people and culture there.
史密斯先生到中国几个月后, 就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。
2. (2019·江苏高考)More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy.
为了满足新能源的需求, 更多的风力发电站将会涌现。
3. (2019·浙江高考) First of all, uniforms help the school look smart.
首先, 校服帮助学校看起来整洁。
4. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
然而, 目前这些技术仍然很昂贵。
5. (2019·北京高考)Last week I took part in a farmwork programme in the suburbs.
上周, 我在郊区参加了一个农活活动。
考点2 进行时态
1. 现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作、发生的事情或者表示现阶段(at present, this week等)正在进行的动作、发生的事情(说话时动作不一定进行或存在)。
*Together with Hangzhou and Beijing, many cities in China are entering an era without cash.
(2)一些特定的表示位置移动的动词come, go, leave, get, start, open, arrive, begin, return等常用现在进行时表将来。
*Some of these are getting scarce because people kill them for various reasons.
(3)现在(或者过去)进行时态与always, constantly, often, forever, continually等副词连用表示说话者的“赞叹、厌烦、不满”等感情色彩。
*The girl is always talking aloud in public places.
(4)下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时
①表示心理状态、情感的动词: like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need等。
②表示存在状态的动词: appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, belong to等。
③表示行为结果的动词: allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete等。
④表示感官的动词: see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look等。
【辨析】一般现在时与现在进行时
一般现在时
主要用于习惯性或经常性的动作, 常伴随使用频度副词usually, often, seldom等
现在进行时
主要用于表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作, 常跟时间状语now, at present等连用
*He usually writes a lot of letters, but he isn’t writing at present.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Since you take much interest in music, I ______(write) to invite you to participate in the festival with me.
解题关键: 此题根据语境可知, 写信人现在正在写信邀请对方一起参加节日。
答案判定: am writing
2. 过去进行时
(1)过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作或者发生的事情。
*What were you doing yesterday at 7: 00 p. m. ?
(2)表示过去一个动作发生时另外一个动作正在进行。
*I was watching TV when someone knocked at the door.
(3)过去进行时可以表示按计划、安排在过去将要发生的事。用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置移动的动词时, 也可以用过去进行时表示过去按照计划、安排将要发生的动作。
*Yesterday he said he was leaving for Canada.
(4)过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似, 过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩, 也通常与 always, forever, continually等副词连用。
*They were always quarrelling about small things when they were young.
【辨析】一般过去时与过去进行时
一般过去时
表示一个完成的动作; 亦可表示过去某个时刻发生的单纯动作(侧重说明事实)
过去进行时
表示过去某一阶段正在进行的动作; 亦可表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作(强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景)或者不断反复进行的动作
*I read a novel last night. (证明事实)
*I was reading a novel last night. (可能没看完)
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·江苏高考)The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he ______(quit).
解题关键: 此题根据语境可知, 任务很困难, Steve感到愤怒和沮丧, 打算放弃, 应用过去进行时表示计划或打算要做的事。
答案判定: was quitting
3. 将来进行时
表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作, 或按预测将来会发生的事情。常用的时间状语有: soon, tomorrow, this evening, by this time, in two days, tomorrow evening等。
*This time next week I’ll be lying on the beach, enjoying the sunshine.
【辨析】一般将来时与将来进行时
一般将来时
表示对“现在时刻”来说, 将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态
将来进行时
表示将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作
*She is sixteen, and will be seventeen next year.
*What will you be doing at this time next Monday?
用所给词的适当形式填空
—Could I use your car tomorrow morning?
—Sure. I ______(write)a report at home.
解题关键: 由题干中的关键信息词tomorrow morning可知, 双方在谈论明天早晨的事情, 所以答语应用将来进行时, 表示“明天早晨我将在家写报告”。
答案判定: will be writing
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2019·江苏高考)Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing (discuss) what to wear when receiving the British students next month.
2. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding(forbid) to most citizens.
考点3 完成时态
1. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常用的时间状语: already, so far, never, just, before, recently等。
*Nowadays the cost of a new car has fallen in real terms so that it is cheaper than ever to own one.
(2)表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since, for+时间段以及so far, now, today, this week (month, year), for a long time, in the past/last few years, these days等连用。
*Beijing Sanlian Taofen Bookstore has devoted itself to providing the best service for readers for 20 years.
(3)现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时完成的动作。
*Please return the book to me when you have finished it.
【点津】(1)注意牢记以下固定句型:
①It is/has been+时间段+ since. . .
表示“自从……以来已经……”。
*It is/has been ten years since I graduated from university.
②This/It/That is the first/second/third. . . time that. . . 表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”, that从句中要用现在完成时。
*This is the first time that I have been here.
(2)注意避免思维定势: 一看到for+时间段, 就用动词的现在完成时态。一定要看语境强调的是“该动作曾经做过多长时间”(一般过去时), 还是“该动作已经做完多长时间”(现在完成时)。
*Yang Zhenning lived in America for many years and now he lives in China.
杨振宁在美国定居多年, 现在他生活在中国。
*Dashan has lived in China for many years.
大山已经在中国住了许多年。
【辨析】一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
一般过去时
①强调动作发生在过去某一时间, 不强调对现在造成的影响或结果
②与表示过去某一特定时间或与现在无关的某一过去时间连用
现在完成时
①表示过去动作与现在有关系, 主要强调对现在造成的影响或结果
②可与today, this week, since等表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用, 但不能和表示过去时间的状语连用
*They have gone to Paris so far.
他们目前已经去巴黎了(说明他们现在不在这里)。
*They went to Paris last year. 他们去年去过巴黎(只说明去过, 不表明是否现在仍在那里)。
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ______(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
解题关键: 根据句中时间状语In recent years可知应用现在完成时。
答案判定: have reported
2. 过去完成时
(1)表示在过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作, 强调“过去的过去”之意。常与by, before等介词短语或状语从句连用或用于有上下文暗示的句子中。
*Some scientists claimed that they had found some evidence to prove the existence of aliens.
(2)表示意向的动词, 如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等, 用过去完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。
*We had expected that you would be able to win the match.
【点津】注意固定句型:
①This/It/That was the first/second/third. . . time that. . . 表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”, that从句中要用过去完成时。
*This was the first time that I had been here.
②hardly. . . when. . . 和no sooner. . . than. . . 两个句型中, 主句均用过去完成时。
*Hardly had the match started when we arrived.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·天津高考)I ______(hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
解题关键: 根据语境可知此处表示“本来希望做某事, 但没有做成”, 应用过去完成时。
答案判定: had hoped
3. 将来完成时
(1)将来完成时表示到将来某一时间, 某一动作将会完成。其构成是“will have done”。常用的时间状语为“by+将来的某个时间”。
*By this time of next year, all of us will have become college students.
(2)表示某种状况将一直持续到说话人所提及的某一将来时间。
*By this time next week, I will have worked for this company for 24 years.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·北京卷)By the time these “solutions”become widely available, scammers ______(move) onto cleverer means.
解题关键: 根据题干中的时间状语By the time these “solutions”become widely available可知此处表示到将来某一时间为止这种情况将会已经发生完, 应用将来完成时。
答案判定: will have moved
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made (make) over the years.
2. (2019·天津高考)I took notes during the meeting, but I haven’t had(have) a chance to write them into a report so far.
3. (2019·天津高考) But I did not find my results to be as good as I had hoped(hope) they would be.
4. (2019·江苏高考)They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals will have been installed (install) by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
考点4 现在完成进行时和过去将来时
1. 现在完成进行时
(1)常用来表示开始于过去某个时间、一直持续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。
*I have been learning English since I was 8 years old and I still love it.
(2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。
*He has been saying that ten times.
【辨析】现在完成时与现在完成进行时
现在完成时
表示过去开始的一个动作到目前为止已经完成, 体现动作的结果
现在完成进行时
表示过去开始的一个动作到目前为止仍在进行, 甚至仍将继续下去
He has cleaned the window. (动作已完成)
He has been cleaning the window. (正在进行甚至仍将继续)
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)For the past two years, Gordon’s students ______(study) ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案).
解题关键: 根据句中时间状语For the past two years可知此处表示该动作到现在已经持续了两年而且会持续下去, 应用现在完成进行时。
答案判定: have been studying
2. 过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即过去将来时是“立足过去, 着眼未来”的一种时态, 常用于宾语从句中。
*The manager said that the shops would soon close.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·江苏高考)By the day of the show, more than 300 people had said they ______(attend).
解题关键: 根据语境可知此处表示在过去看来将要做的事, 应用过去将来时。
答案判定: would attend
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2019·北京高考)A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering (offer) free rides to college students for the past eight years.
2. (2019·天津高考)It’s a fascinating book, but little did I know how it would touch (touch) my life and the lives of others.
3. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)But the phrase “penny paper ” caught the public’s fancy, and soon there would be (be) papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
考点5 被动语态
被动语态的用法如下:
1. 不知道或不必指出动作的执行者时。
Computers are widely used in transport.
计算机被广泛运用于交通领域。
2. 强调动作的承受者时。
A third ring will be built around this city.
这座城市将建一条三环路。
3. Much has been said but little has been done about the issue. 关于这件事, 说得太多, 做得太少。
4. 出于修辞的需要, 使用被动语态可以使句子更加简练、匀称。
The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.
这项计划受到那些希望有更多机会说英语的人的支持。
5. 科技文献、新闻报道中常使用被动语态。
The plan was celebrated on March 14, 1988.
这个计划是在1988年3月14日庆祝的。
6. 用于一些固定句式中。
It is hoped that. . . 希望……
It is supposed that. . . 据推测说……
It is known that. . . 据说……
用所给词的适当形式填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our week-long stay, we ______(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
解题关键: 根据语境可知此处应用一般过去时, 且根据空格后的to attend可知此处主语we与invite之间为被动关系, 应用一般过去时的被动语态。
答案判定: were invited
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In their cages the monkeys were provided (provide) with touch screens.
2. (2019·天津高考)People can be given (give) the information earlier and take steps to improve their health before it’s too late.
3. (2019·天津高考)Now over 25, 000 stuffed animals have been donated (donate) to agencies worldwide.
学生用书P126
基础题组
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. On Oct 23, President Xi Jinping announced(announce)the opening of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) at a ceremony in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province.
2. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He was killed(kill)when trying to save a child in an earthquake.
3. I wonder why Jenny hasn’t written(write)to us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
4. By the end of last year, another new bridge had been completed(complete)in Beijing.
5. My uncle said that he would telephone but I haven’t heard(hear)from him so far.
6. —Can I help you, sir?
—Yes, I bought this radio yesterday, but it doesn’t work(work).
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. On the first day of my new term, I stood at the classroom door feeling a little nervous.
新学期的第一天, 我站在教室门口感觉有点紧张。
2. The research on pollution suggests/has suggested/suggested that human activities are to blame.
关于污染的研究表明, 人类活动该负主要责任。
3. The old teacher declared that she had no plans to retire from her 20-year-old work.
那位老教师宣布她没有从她做了20年的工作上退休的计划。
4. Soon I will graduate from university and become a member of the company.
不久我将会大学毕业并成为这家公司的一员。
5. We have collected 2 million yuan for the poor children so far.
迄今为止我们已为贫穷儿童筹集了二百万元。
6. The students feel that they belong to the same group as you.
这些学生感觉他们和你属于同一个小组。
7. He said that he was losing his memory as he grew old.
他说, 随着他变老, 他正在失去他的记忆力。
语篇题组
Ⅰ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I 1. __________(edit)a photo caption when I saw the phrase “Smith said his kids favorite part of the event was the snow cone come truck. ” I walked over to
2. __________ student photographer who wrote the caption and asked whether Mr Smith had one child or many.
The photographer wanted to know why. “The word “kid” needed an apostrophe, ” I replied, “and where I put that punctuation mark would change the size of Mr Smith’s family. ”
“Wow, ” the photographer said. “One punctuation mark can make a big
3. __________(differ). ”
This exchange isn’t made up. And the fact that it happened in the same month as National Punctuation Day—which is Sept. 24 4. __________(emphasize)the importance of proper use of punctuation.
For National Punctuation Day, my goal is 5. ________(promote)proper use of commas, semicolons and so on 6. __________ my good example. I will use punctuation in all text 7. __________(message), never leaving out periods on Twitter.
Jeff Rubin, who founded National Punctuation Day in 2004, wrote that he started National Punctuation Day because of concern about 8. __________
(decline)language skills. He noted that almost 60 percent of incoming college freshmen needed remedial(补救的)English classes 9. __________(urgent).
Information like that is 10. __________ our anger should be focused. So classroom is a great place to celebrate National Punctuation Day.
【文章大意】一位学生摄影师在写照片标题时, 因为没有加撇号造成歧义, 本文作者以这个例子来说明准确使用标点的重要性。
1. 【解析】was editing。考查动词时态。句意: 我正在编辑照片标题, 这时我看到了一句话。根据when I saw the phrase 可以得知当时正在做, 用过去进行时。故填was editing。
2. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 我走到那个写照片标题的学生摄影师身边。有定语从句限定, 表示特指用定冠词the。故填the。
3. 【解析】difference。考查名词。句意: 一个标点符号就能产生巨大的影响。make a difference 有影响, 起作用, 冠词后用名词。故填difference。
4. 【解析】emphasizes。考查动词时态。句意: 9月24日是国家标点日, 它强调了正确使用标点的重要性。主语是“国家标点日”, 客观事实用一般现在时, 谓语动词用单数形式。故填emphasizes。
5. 【解析】to promote。考查非谓语动词。句意: 我的目标是推广逗号、分号等的使用。不定式作表语, 解释或说明主语的具体内容, 故填to promote。
6. 【解析】through/by。考查介词。句意: 我想通过这个例子推广大家对标点符号的正确使用。through “通过”是介词, 也可以by。故填through/by。
7. 【解析】messages。考查名词。句意: 我会在所有文本上用标点符号, 不遗漏句号。all修饰名词复数形式。故填messages。
8. 【解析】declining。考查动名词。句意: Jeff Rubin担心语言技能下降所以开创了国家标点日。concern about doing, 介词后用名词或动名词形式。故填declining。
9. 【解析】urgently。考查副词。句意: 他指出60%的大一新生急切需要补习英语课程。副词修饰动词。故填urgently。
10. 【解析】where。考查关系副词。句意: 这样的信息是我们应该感到愤怒的地方。表语从句中缺少地点状语。故填where。
Ⅱ. 短文改错
I still remember a math lesson. My math teacher copied a challenging problem on the blackboard and asks the whole class whether there would be one student who knew what to work it out. Several minutes passed, but the whole class was in completely silence. As matter of fact, I came across the problem in a book the other day. However, I walked to the blackboard and worked it out in no time. What a surprising expression on my math teacher’s face! He felt very happy that he praised me on public. Since then, math has been become one of my favorite subject, and I have also made rapid progress in math.
答案:
1. 【解析】第二句asks改为asked。考查动词的时态。and连接两个并列谓语动词, 根据句中提示词copied可知, 此处应用一般过去时, 故将asks改为asked。
2. 【解析】第二句what改为how。考查名词性从句。句意: ……问全班同学是否有人知道怎样解出这道题。从句中动词不定式不缺宾语, 不能用what; 根据句意, 用how最合适, 故将what改为how。
3. 【解析】第三句completely改为complete。考查形容词。修饰名词silence应用形容词, 故将completely改为complete。
4. 【解析】第四句as后加a。考查固定搭配。as a matter of fact是固定搭配, 意为“事实上”。故在as后加a。
5. 【解析】第五句However改为Therefore/Thus。考查副词。本句及前一句句意: 事实上, 几天前我在一本书上见过这道题。因此, 我走到黑板前并且立刻解出了这道题。根据句意可知, 上下文之间是因果关系, 故将However改为Therefore或者Thus。
6. 【解析】第六句surprising改为surprised考查形容词。修饰expression, look, voice等名词时, 一般用过去分词形式的形容词, 表示这些表情或声音的主人的主观感受。故将surprising改为surprised。
7. 【解析】第七句very改为so。考查固定句式。句意: 老师非常高兴, 当众表扬了我。so. . . that. . . 是固定句式, 意为“如此……以至于……”。故将very改为so。
8. 【解析】第七句on改为in。考查固定搭配。in public是固定搭配, 意为“公开地; 当众”。故将on改为in。
9. 【解析】第八句删除been。考查动词的语态。主语math与谓语之间为主动关系, 故删除been。
10. 【解析】第八句subject改为subjects。考查名词单复数。在one of+n. 结构中, 应用复数名词。故将subject改为subjects。
关闭Word文档返回原板块
相关资料
更多
