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一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．mascot n． 吉祥物
2．Greece n. 希腊
3．magical adj.
4．slave n. 奴隶
5．nowadays n. 现今；现在
6．gymnastics n．(pl.) 体操；体能训练
7．stadium n. (露天大型)体育场
8．gymnasium(gym) n. 体育馆；健身房
9．motto n. 座右铭；格言；警句
10．swift adj. 快的；迅速的
11．similarity n. 相像性；相似点
12．glory n. 光荣；荣誉
13．striker n. 敲击者；(足球的)前锋
14．prince n. 王子
15．goddess n. 女神
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．homeland n． 祖国；本国
2．replace vt. 取代；替换；代替
3．charge vt.& vi. 收费；控诉
n. 费用；主管
4．physical adj. 物理的；身体的
5．bargain vi. 讨价还价；讲条件
n. 便宜货
6．deserve vi.& vt. 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得
7．fine vt. 罚款
8．medal n. 奖章；勋章；纪念章
9．host vt. 做东；主办；招待
n. 主人
10．ancient adj. 古代的；古老的
11．athlete n. 运动员；运动选手
12．poster n. 海报；招贴
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．regular adj.规则的；定期的；常规的→regulation n．规则；规章制度
2．compete vi.比赛；竞争→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的→competitor n．竞争者
3．admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳→admission n．准入；入场费；承认
4．responsible adj.有责任心的→responsibility n．责任；职责
5．fool v．愚弄 n．傻瓜→foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的
6．volunteer n．志愿者；志愿兵 adj.志愿的；义务的 vt.& vi.自愿→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的
7．advertise vt.& vi.做广告；登广告→advertisement n．广告→advertiser n．广告商
8．pain n．疼痛；痛苦→painful adj.疼痛的；痛苦的→painless adj.无痛的；轻松的
9．hope v．& n．希望→hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的→hopeful adj.充满希望的
1.后缀less构成的形容词集锦
①hopeless 无望的
②careless 粗心的
③limitless 无限的
④helpless 无助的
⑤useless 无用的
⑥homeless 无家可归的
2.表示“愚蠢与聪明”的形容词小结
①foolish 愚蠢的；傻的
②stupid 愚蠢的
③silly 傻的
④intelligent 智能的；聪明的
⑤smart 聪明的；机敏的
⑥wise 明智的；聪明的
3.双写辅音字母的过去式、过去分词和现在分词
①admit：admitted/admitted/admitting
②permit：permitted/permitted/permitting
③plan：planned/planned/planning
④refer：referred/referred/referring
⑤prefer：preferred/preferred/preferring
⑥beg：begged/begged/begging
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．take__part__in 参加；参与
2．stand__for 代表；象征；表示
3．as__well 也；又；还
4．in__charge 主管；看管
5．make__a__bargain 做交易
6．be__admitted__into/to 被接纳进入；被……录取
7．work__out 计算出；设计出；解决；
结果；锻炼
8．apart__from 除了
9．one__after__another 陆续地；一个接一个地
10．take__the__place__of 代替
11．pick__up 拾起；捡起；用车接某人
12．as__a__matter__of__fact 事实上
1.有无定冠词意义不同的短语荟萃
①in charge of 主管；看管；负责
in the charge of 被掌管；由……负责
②in control of 控制；管理
in the control of 被……控制
③in possession of 占有；拥有
in the possession of 被占有；为……所有
2.“as”开头的高频短语一览
①as well 也；又；还
②as a matter of fact 事实上
③as a result 结果
④as usual 照例；照常
⑤as follows 如下
⑥as is mentioned above 如上所说
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：nor引导的倒装句型
No other countries could join in, nor__could__slaves__or__women！
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
句型2：not only...but (also)．..连接并列成分，意为“不仅……而且……”
Women are not__only__allowed,__but__play__a__very__important__role__in gymnastics，athletics, team sports and... 妇女不仅允许(参加比赛)，而且她们还在体操、田径和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……
句型3：as...as...表同级比较
There’s as__much__competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.
国与国之间争取奥运会主办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。
句型4：the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..意为“越……就越……”
This is important because the__more__you__speak__English,__the__better your English will become. 这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real bargain(便宜货)．
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Athletes(运动员) from our school team have taken part in many table tennis contests in recent years.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)We took part in many matches on behalf of our school and won many medals(奖牌).
4．It would be foolish(fool) of us to pretend that the accident never happened.
5．John got seriously injured in the match yesterday, and therefore he was replaced(replace) by another player.
6．The scientist made great contributions to science, so he deserved(deserve) giving so many awards.
7．If you’re driving at the speed of 100 kilometers an hour, you are more likely to break the speed limit and be at the risk of getting fined(fine)．
8．We know playing computer games for a long time can harm one’s physical(physics) health.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·江苏卷单项填空)Unlike traditional gyms, appbacked gyms offer people flexible options to exercise.健身房
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I’m writing to tell you something about the upcoming volleyball tournament, which is scheduled to be held in the new stadium next month.体育场
3．(2017·北京卷阅读A)Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down.迅速的
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)We will witness the glory of our school, and we are growing together.荣誉，光荣
5．(浙江卷阅读D)She was so joyous that even on the worst days, she could make me smile.On a daily basis, she reminded me that life goes on.基础，根据
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．All the excited competitors who are relatively competitive are competing for the honor of winning the gold medals in the competition．(compete)
2．Up till now admission to college is gained by exam only.If you cannot pass the exam, you will not be admitted to college.(admit)
3．Advertisers are supposed to be honest with the advertisements. If you advertise your goods in a dishonest way, you will be fined up to 50，000 yuan.(advertise)
4．A large number of volunteers from the university volunteer to teach in the remote villages. Their voluntary work is well worth praising.(volunteer)
5．It was foolish of you to refer to your notes in such an important test.Stop making a fool of yourself.(fool)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
stand for; work out; take an active part in; as well; apart from
In order to reach the required standard I 1.take__an__active__part__in the English corner and other afterclass English activities 2.apart__from__English classes, which benefits me a lot. Besides, I make it a rule to 3.work__out at the gym after school every day. Last week, as many as 60 students, 4.standing__for our school, took part in the sports meeting, and even some teachers joined 5.as__well. The sports meeting was a great success.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．他们没有完成那项任务，因为他们既没机会又没尽力去做。
They didn’t finish the task, for they had no chance, nor__did__they__try__their__best．
2．既然失败者和获胜者一样努力，那么双方就都值得我们尊敬。
Since the loser worked as__hard__as the winner, both of them deserved our respect.
3．事实上，一个学生越受鼓励，他学习就越努力。
As a matter of fact, the__more a student is encouraged, the__harder he will learn.
4．众所周知，阅读古典文学对我们来说非常重要。这是因为它不仅能改善我们的学习生涯而且能丰富我们的日常生活。
As is known to us, reading classics is of great importance. This is because it can not__only__improve__our__studying__career__but__also enrich our everyday life.
compete vi.比赛；竞争
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·天津卷书面表达)We can compete with students from other schools in the World Adolescent Robotics Competition.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting competition(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.
③Living in a highly competitive(compete) society, you have to equip yourself with modern technology and skills.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我们队现在正忙着为这场比赛做准备，从生活到日常训练。我们有信心赢得这场比赛。
Our team is now busy preparing for the game, from living to daily training.We are confident that we can__win__this__competition．
(1)compete in 参加……比赛；
在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against...for...
为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
(2)competition n. 比赛；竞争
competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的
competitor n. 竞争者；对手
[佳句背诵] Every year, many players will try their best to compete in the dragon boat race on the Dragon Boat Festival. 每年的端午节，许多选手都会尽最大的努力去参加龙舟赛。
[联想发散] “参加比赛”荟萃：
①compete__in__the__match；②participate__in__the__match；③take__part__in__the__match．
admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳；容纳
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She apologized to me and admitted taking/having__taken(take) my umbrella by mistake.
②Admission(admit) to British universities depends on examination results.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2017·天津卷书面表达)我已经成功地成了第十三届全运会的志愿者，这届全运会将于今年八月底举行。
I have successfully got__admitted__as__a__volunteer for the 13th National Games, which is scheduled to be held at the end of this August.
(1)admit doing/having done/that...
承认……
admit sb./sth.to be... 承认某人/某物……
It is admitted that... 人们公认……
(2)be admitted to/into 被接纳进入；
被录取到……
be/get admitted as 作为……被接受
(3)admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认
[佳句背诵] The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream to be admitted to my favorite university will come true. 考试结果可能会如所预料的那样，我被我最喜爱的大学录取的梦想将会实现。
replace vt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①However, it is a pity that our present PE class is quite dull and sometimes even replaced by/with other subjects.
②She replaced the books after reading and fell asleep.把……放回原处
[能力提升]——一句多译
找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。
③It would be difficult to find a man in__place__of__the__present__manager．
④It would be difficult to find a man to__replace__the__present__manager．
⑤It would be difficult to find a man to__take__the__place__of__the__present__manager．
(1)replace sth. with/by sth. 用……替换……
(2)take the place of＝take one’s place
代替
(3)in place of 代替
[佳句背诵] As far as I’m concerned, it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with/by snacks. 就我个人而言，不吃正餐，而用零食代替它们，这不是什么好主意。
[名师点津] (1)in place of介词短语，不单独作谓语；
(2)replace, take one’s place 和take the place of 是动词(短语)，可作谓语。
charge vt.& vi.收费；控诉；充电；负责 n．费用；主管
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①There is a heated discussion on whether museums should charge for admission or not.
②The man who had taken charge of the company was__charged(charge) with taking drugs.
[能力提升]——一句多译
汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。
③The company is in__the__charge__of Tom while the boss is away.
④Tom is in__charge__of the company while the boss is away.
⑤Tom takes__charge__of the company while the boss is away.
(1)in charge of 掌握；负责
in the charge of 在……掌管之下
take charge of 负责，掌管
(2)free of charge 免费
(3)charge sb. for sth. 因……向某人收费
charge sb. with sth. 控告某人某事
[佳句背诵] We held a series of activities, a few of which were in the charge of English students.
我们举办了一系列的活动，其中一些是由英语系的学生负责的。(2017·天津卷书面表达)
deserve vi.& vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得；应得
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He does not deserve to__win(win) any respect from anybody just because he does not know how to respect others.
②There is no doubt that the man is guilty and that he deserves punishing/to__be__punished(punish)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
保持开放的心态， 因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。
③Keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve__consideration．
④Keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve__considering．
⑤Keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve__to__be__considered．
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve to be done＝deserve doing
……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention/a rest
值得考虑/值得注意/应该休息
[佳句背诵] With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves attention.
由于许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前的形势值得注意。
[名师点津] deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似的动词还有need, require等。
take part in 参加；参与
[基础练习]——完成句子
①(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)It goes without saying that taking__an__active__part__in__social__activities(积极参加社会活动) can broaden our horizons.
②Any student who is interested in this activity is welcome to join/take__part(参加).
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我们团队将参加各种各样的活动，例如代表我们学校参加一些全国性比赛。
Our team will take__part__in__a__variety__of__activities,__such as participating__in__some__national__competitions on behalf of our school.
take part in＝participate in 参加，参与
take an active part in 积极参加
play a part in 在……中起作用；
在……中扮演角色
[佳句背诵] We were so interested in the competition that we formed a group to take part in it.
我们对这次竞赛如此感兴趣以至于我们成立了一个小组来参加它。(2018·天津卷书面表达)
[名师点津] 在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。
stand for 代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；容忍
[一词多义]——写出下列句中stand for的含义
①The Tang costume stands for Chinese history and fashion culture.代表
②We should stand for religious freedom.支持；主张
③I will not stand for such bad behavior in my house.容忍
④As we know, pigeons stand for peace.象征
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤在中国这些结代表友谊、爱情和运气。
In China, these knots stand__for__friendship,__love and good luck.
stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观
stand out 突出；显眼；杰出
stand on one’s own feet 自立；不依靠他人
stand sth./doing sth. 忍受(做)某事
[佳句背诵] After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response. 经过几轮的比赛， 这个小女孩因为优秀的口语和敏捷的反应而引人注目。
as well 也；又；还(常放在句子末尾，作副词短语使用)
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The deadline for the project is around the corner, so we may/might as well get some help.
②(2019·天津卷)Amy, as well as her brothers, was__given(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)In my view, it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers and a box of chocolate.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
(高级表达)In my view, it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers as__well__as a box of chocolate.
(1)as well as 既……又……(用来连接两个并列成分)；
同……一样好
(2)may/might as well do sth.
最好做某事；不妨做某事
[佳句背诵] We can know more about the life of great people as well as history and cultures of other countries. 我们不但能更多地了解伟人的生活，还能了解其他国家的历史和文化。
[名师点津] 当“A as well as B”结构作主语时，谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致。
nor引导的倒装句型
(教材P10)No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women！ 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
[基础练习]——句型转换
①Tom can speak French and his brother can speak it, too.
→Tom can speak French and so__can__his__brother．
②If you don’t attend the meeting, I won’t, either.
→If you don’t attend the meeting, neither__will__I．
③They didn’t finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss. So it was with us.
→They didn’t finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss. It__was__the__same__with__us.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④——杰克对中国文化和民族音乐非常痴迷。
—Jack is very crazy about Chinese culture and folk music.
——他确实如此。你也是这样。—So__he__is and so__are__you.
(1)“neither/nor＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一个人或事物。
(2)“so＋主语＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词”，用来表示同意、附和前一说话者所说的内容，可译为“是的，对，的确如此”。
(3)“so＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一个人或事物。
(4)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定，或者形式不同，就用句型So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with...
[佳句背诵] Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and nor/neither will Tom.
简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭，汤姆也不会。
the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...意为“越……就越……”
(教材P16)This is important because the more you speak English, the better your English will become.
这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The more careful you are, the fewer(few) mistakes you will make.
②The more a person reads, the wiser(wise) he will become.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③你越努力，你的进步就越大。
The harder you work, __the__greater__progress__you__will__make．
the more...，the less... 越……，越不……
the more...，the better... ……越多，……就越好
[佳句背诵] It was our teacher who reminded us that the more confident we were, the more likely we were to succeed.
是我们的老师提醒我们，我们越自信，就越有可能成功。
Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．Therefore, let’s take the responsibility(responsible) to build up a lowcarbon city by riding bicycles.
2．I’d like to inquire some information concerning the position advertised(advertise) in yesterday’s newspaper.
3．The designer, as well as the models, was__interviewed(interview) shortly after they finished their amazing performance.
4．To__compete(compete) more effectively with others, more and more people equip themselves with a higher education.
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)While running regularly(regular) can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
6．One of the volunteers(volunteer) for the rescue work injured himself when helping others.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)We found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined(fine)．
2．As everybody knows, the lazier(lazy) a person is, the more things he needs to do tomorrow.
3．When we arrived at what used to be called the City of Fog, we found London had completely changed.
4．He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, nor did he give in to any difficulty.
5．(2017·天津卷)Apart from my academic studies, I always manage to find time for what I’m interested in.
6．As is known to us, the Chinese red flag stands for the unity of people led by the Chinese Communist Party.
Ⅲ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(2018·浙江卷6月完形)Since his regular job was boring, I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline fulltime.adj.固定的
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)The music festival will be shown in the hall which can admit 1，600 students.vt.容纳
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and recommended wonderful places to eat，shop, and visit.n.主人
4．(2017·江苏卷)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of what it used to charge.vt.收费，要价
提能一 语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
As we all know, only athletes who have reached the 1.agreed(agree) standard for their event will be admitted as 2.competitors(compete). All the athletes are aware that the 3.harder(hard) they train, the more likely their dreams will come true. Nothing can replace hard training on the way 4.to success. There is no denying that the losers work as hard 5.as the winners before the Olympic Games, so I believe both of them deserve 6.respecting/to__be__respected(respect)．
(二)
There is no doubt that the World Cup is the largest international sport 1.competition(compete). Soccer teams from different countries fight fiercely for 2.admission(admit) to the finals. Many people are involved in 3.voluntary(volunteer) work and serve as volunteers to make sure everything goes smoothly. The host country has a particular 4.responsibility(responsible) to ensure the security of all athletes. Companies put 5.advertisements(advertise) on the venues(赛场) to promote products or services by 6.regularly(regular) sponsoring the event.
提能二 话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
某英文报社举办题为“An Unforgettable Experience”的征文活动，请你结合自身作为志愿者参加全运会的经历用英语写一篇短文。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①我永远不会忘记作为志愿者参加在我市举行的全运会的经历。
I will never forget the experience of being__a__volunteer__for__the__National__Games__held__in__our__city．
②被接纳为志愿者，我感到既紧张又自豪。
Admitted__as__a__volunteer,__I__felt__nervous__as__well__as__proud.
③为给参加比赛的运动员提供最好的服务，我每天定期努力练习。
To provide the best service for the__athletes__who__took__part__in__the__competitions,__I__practiced__hard__on__a__regular__basis every day.
④因为充分的准备，我表现出色。负责志愿者的人认为我值得表扬。
Because of my full preparation I performed so well that the people in__charge__of__volunteers thought I deserved__praising/to__be__praised．
⑤从这次经历中我意识到我们准备得越充分，我们就会表现得越好。
From the experience, I realize that the__more__fully__we__prepare,__the__better__we__will__perform．
2．升级平淡句
⑥用强调句式升级句④
It__was__because__of__my__full__preparation__that__I__performed__so__well__that__the__people__in__charge__of__volunteers__thought__I__deserved__praising/to__be__praised.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：to be honest, surely, thankfully)
________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
I will never forget the experience of being a volunteer for the National Games held in our city.
To be honest, admitted as a volunteer, I felt nervous as well as proud. Surely, to provide the best service for the athletes who took part in the competitions, I practiced hard on a regular basis every day. Thankfully, it was because of my full preparation that I performed so well that the people in charge of volunteers thought I deserved praising/to be praised.
From the experience, I realize that the more fully we prepare, the better we will perform.
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·衢州教学质量检测)Almost all calligraphy(书法) lovers agree that writing characters with a brush and ink on straw paper offers a way to communicate with not only history and culture, but also oneself. But now Chinese character handwriting is under threat from computers and mobile phones.
A college graduate looking for a job was reportedly turned down by a company because he wrote 24 characters incorrectly in a 400character handwritten resume. A survey by HorizonKey, covering people from 12 major cities in China, found that nearly one third of those interviewed often experience “character amnesia(遗忘)”， with 94 percent saying this is a problem for them.
The main reason is that most Chinese rely too much on the pinyinbased Chinese language input method, which is replacing the tradition of writing characters stroke(笔画) by stroke. The software will conveniently choose the right characters according to the context or word frequency, as there are dozens of characters with the same pronunciation in Chinese.
Education is another problem. In college, most homework and papers are printed out, instead of handwritten. And few teachers use chalk and blackboards, with Microsoft’s PowerPoint the mostoften used software to teach knowledge to students.
The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason why students are easily satisfied with just a poor knowledge of the Chinese language and characters. It is quicker to look up a character in an electronic dictionary, but traditional printed dictionaries offer more detailed information on the usage and meaning of the characters. Students pay more attention to remembering a character’s pronunciation, but not the other knowledge related to it, which edictionaries rarely provide.
Another worry is the “pollution” of Chinese characters by Internet language. Young people regard using Internet language as cool and fashionable. After they learn to use these expressions, they automatically include them in their writing.
【解题导语】 随着电脑上的汉语输入法、办公软件以及电子产品的影响，人们手写汉字的能力在减弱。
1．With the example of a college graduate, the author shows ________．
A．that practicing can improve writing
B．why certain people are poor writers
C．that there are differences in students’ writing
D．why Chinese character handwriting is in great danger
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，汉字书写面临着来自电脑和手机的威胁，而第二段紧接着讲述了一名大学毕业生求职时被一家公司拒绝，因为他在一份400字的手写简历中写错了24个字；接下来的几段说明了汉字书写面临威胁的原因。由此可推知，作者用这个例子是为了阐释汉字书写处于危险之中的原因。故选D。
2．What phenomenon is described in paragraph 5?
A．Dependence on electronic devices.
B．Advantages of electronic dictionaries.
C．Mastery of knowledge of the characters.
D．Disadvantages of published dictionaries.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason...to look up a character in an electronic dictionary”可知，该段描述的是学生对电子产品过于依赖的现象。故选A。
3．What’s the writer’s attitude towards the Internet language?
A．Favorable. B．Uncaring.
C．Disapproving. D．Friendly.
C 解析：观点态度题。根据第六段的内容，尤其是第一句中的“pollution”可推知，作者对网络语言的使用持不赞成的态度。故选C。
【难句分析】 The software will conveniently choose the right characters according to the context or word frequency, as there are dozens of characters with the same pronunciation in Chinese.
分析：句中“as there are...in Chinese”为as引导的原因状语从句。
译文：这种软件可以根据上下文或词语出现的频率，方便地选择正确的文字，因为在汉语中，有很多文字有相同的发音。
B
TOKYO, June 8(Xinhua)—The Beijing Organizing Committee of the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games held a promotion event in the Japanese capital of Tokyo on Saturday to introduce the latest developments in preparations for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
The promotion event, which used an exhibition wall and the “Charming Beijing” photo exhibition to showcase the preparations of Beijing 2022, was part of “Beijing Week”， a series of activities to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of sistercity relations between Beijing and Tokyo.
On the exhibition wall with an area of 33 square meters, Beijing 2022 organizers showcased five aspects including the Beijing Winter Olympics vision, Beijing’s winter sports tradition, emblems(徽章) of Beijing 2022, competition planning and the National Speed Skating Oval.
At the same time, old photos of the Chinese and Japanese ice hockey teams echoed the 40th anniversary of the establishment of sistercity relations between the two cities and the theme of Beijing Winter Olympics.
The promotion videos of the Beijing 2022 emblems, as well as other related video clips, drew great interest of the audience.
The “Charming Beijing” photo exhibition displayed some of the Winter Olympic venues, showing the progress of the preparations for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
Meanwhile, the sand table, VR glasses and the“Beijing Winter Olympics Brochure” are also provided to let the audience visually experience the unique charm of the National Speed Skating Oval and the features of other competition venues.
Chang Yu, Director General of the Media and Communications Department of the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee, introduced the progress of the preparations of Beijing 2022 and the vision of cooperation between Beijing 2022 and Tokyo 2020.
Chang Yu said that the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee stays committed to hosting the Games in a green, inclusive, open and clean manner, with the aim of delivering a fantastic, extraordinary and excellent Olympic event to the world.
The Beijing Winter Olympics will open on February 4, 2022, which will feature 7 sports, 15 disciplines and 109 events.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组委会在东京举行了宣传活动，展示了冬奥会准备工作的最新进展。
4．How was the promotion event carried out?
A．By advertising on TV in Beijing and Tokyo.
B．By sending off brochures to citizens in Tokyo.
C．By providing various visual experiences.
D．Through tours all around Tokyo.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词the promotion event定位到文章第二段中的“The promotion event, which used an exhibition wall and the ‘Charming Beijing’ photo exhibition to showcase the preparations of Beijing 2022”可知，这个宣传活动用一个展览墙和图片展览展示北京2022年冬奥会所做的准备工作，故选C。
5．The underlined word “commemorate” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________．
A．celebrate B．appreciate
C．compare D．combine
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“the 40th anniversary of the establishment of sistercity relations between Beijing and Tokyo”并结合常识可知，此处表示庆祝北京和东京姐妹城市关系成立40周年，故画线词与A选项词义最接近。
6．What can be inferred from Chang Yu’s introduction?
A．Beijing will host the Olympics earlier than Tokyo.
B．Beijing is wellprepared for the 2022 event.
C．Beijing 2022 proves a great success.
D．Beijing 2022 will be environmentally friendly.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词Chang Yu’s introduction定位到原文倒数第二段，根据该段中的“to hosting the Games in a green, inclusive, open and clean manner”可推知，北京2022年冬奥会将对环境友好。
7．Which of the following can be the title for this passage?
A．The Sistercity Anniversary Between Beijing and Tokyo
B．Beijing 2022 Promotion Event in Tokyo
C．Beijing and Tokyo, Friendship Forever
D．Preparations for Beijing 2022 Olympics
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中的“The Beijing Organizing Committee of the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games held a promotion event in the Japanese capital of Tokyo”并结合文章其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组委会在东京举办了宣传活动，展示了北京冬奥会准备工作的最新进展，故B项适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·浙江六校协作体联考)
Public Speaking
Public speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.
The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain the audience. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience. 1.________ For persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech to, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke.
2．________ Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage.
Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech. 3.________ A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and useful. 4.________ Language and delivery(演讲方式) alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said. 5.________
A．It needs to be used clearly.
B．These speeches mark special occasions.
C．The important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.
D．The key of perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.
E．They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.
F．Knowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it.
G．Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audience’s expectation.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了公共演讲的几个类型以及做好演讲所需注意的事项。
1．C 解析：从结构上看，第二段首先介绍了公共演讲的三种目的；接下来对这三种目的分别介绍了其对应的演讲类型以及注意事项，空处位于介绍informative speech这种类型之后，应是说明它的注意事项，故C项表述不要输入太多的信息符合语境。其中information是关键提示词。
2．D 解析：本空是段首句。本段讲述了公共演讲的两个注意事项。下文“Aside from it...is quite necessary.”讲的是第二个注意事项：要提前了解观众是谁。接着进一步阐述了注意事项。空后讲的是多加练习对于演讲的好处，由此可推知，空处应是第一个注意事项，并且与空后一句中的“practice”相呼应，故选D。
3．A 解析：本空是段中句。空前一句是说语言是演讲中需注意的主要方面。空处应是对其进行进一步的说明，关键词是Language，A项中的It指的就是Language，且根据空后的“make it clear to the audience”可知，A项“它(语言)需要使用得很清楚”符合语境。
4．G 解析：本空是段中句。空前讲的是观众期待演讲者能给他们新的有用的东西，故G项“因此，演讲者需要了解如何发表他们的演讲来满足观众的期待”与空前一句构成逻辑上的因果关系，故G项符合语境。
5．E 解析：本空是段尾句。空前讲的是演讲者可以重申要点，提醒观众所讲的重要事情来结束演讲，空处应是叙述另一种结束方式，故E项符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class 1.____________ March 1st on movable type. This is 2.____________ ancient Chinese printing system.
The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province has introduced the course in the new term. An expert in Chinese characters culture has been invited to the campus, 3.____________ major responsibility is to teach students how 4.____________(use) the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with 5.____________(interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, 6.____________(apply) the knowledge they’ve learned. One student printed her 7.____________(new) written essay “Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their parents？”
8．____________(know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing 9.____________(invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the world’s first system of movable type printing.
The school said the course is aimed at improving the students’ awareness of Chinese characters and their 10.____________(appreciate) of Chinese culture.
【解题导语】 杭州的一所小学开设活字印刷术课程以增强学生的汉字意识和提高中国文化鉴赏水平。本文介绍了该校的课程开设情况并简要介绍了活字印刷术。
1．on 解析：考查介词。表示在具体的某一天，用介词on。
2．an 解析：考查冠词。此处表示“一个古老的中国印刷系统”，表泛指，system是可数名词，且ancient的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
3．whose 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，major responsibility与先行词An expert之间为所属关系，故填whose。
4．to use 解析：考查动词不定式。此处考查固定用法：“疑问词＋不定式”结构。teach sb.how to do sth.意为“教某人如何做某事”。
5．interesting 解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词用形容词，根据空后的“classes”可知，此处应用interesting“有趣的”修饰。
6．applying 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词apply与其逻辑主语They之间是主谓关系，应用其现在分词形式作状语。
7．newly 解析：考查副词。written是动词write的过去分词，修饰动词应用副词，故填newly。
8．Known 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词Know与其逻辑主语movable type printing之间是动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式。
9．was invented 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。由该句中的时间状语“in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty”可知，此处应用一般过去时；根据空后的“by”可知，此处应用被动语态，又因movable type printing作主语，为第三人称单数，故填was invented。
10．appreciation 解析：考查词性转换。their是形容词性物主代词，其后应跟名词，故填appreciation。
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．mascot n． 吉祥物
2．Greece n. 希腊
3．magical adj.
4．slave n. 奴隶
5．nowadays n. 现今；现在
6．gymnastics n．(pl.) 体操；体能训练
7．stadium n. (露天大型)体育场
8．gymnasium(gym) n. 体育馆；健身房
9．motto n. 座右铭；格言；警句
10．swift adj. 快的；迅速的
11．similarity n. 相像性；相似点
12．glory n. 光荣；荣誉
13．striker n. 敲击者；(足球的)前锋
14．prince n. 王子
15．goddess n. 女神
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．homeland n． 祖国；本国
2．replace vt. 取代；替换；代替
3．charge vt.& vi. 收费；控诉
n. 费用；主管
4．physical adj. 物理的；身体的
5．bargain vi. 讨价还价；讲条件
n. 便宜货
6．deserve vi.& vt. 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得
7．fine vt. 罚款
8．medal n. 奖章；勋章；纪念章
9．host vt. 做东；主办；招待
n. 主人
10．ancient adj. 古代的；古老的
11．athlete n. 运动员；运动选手
12．poster n. 海报；招贴
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．regular adj.规则的；定期的；常规的→regulation n．规则；规章制度
2．compete vi.比赛；竞争→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的→competitor n．竞争者
3．admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳→admission n．准入；入场费；承认
4．responsible adj.有责任心的→responsibility n．责任；职责
5．fool v．愚弄 n．傻瓜→foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的
6．volunteer n．志愿者；志愿兵 adj.志愿的；义务的 vt.& vi.自愿→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的
7．advertise vt.& vi.做广告；登广告→advertisement n．广告→advertiser n．广告商
8．pain n．疼痛；痛苦→painful adj.疼痛的；痛苦的→painless adj.无痛的；轻松的
9．hope v．& n．希望→hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的→hopeful adj.充满希望的
1.后缀less构成的形容词集锦
①hopeless 无望的
②careless 粗心的
③limitless 无限的
④helpless 无助的
⑤useless 无用的
⑥homeless 无家可归的
2.表示“愚蠢与聪明”的形容词小结
①foolish 愚蠢的；傻的
②stupid 愚蠢的
③silly 傻的
④intelligent 智能的；聪明的
⑤smart 聪明的；机敏的
⑥wise 明智的；聪明的
3.双写辅音字母的过去式、过去分词和现在分词
①admit：admitted/admitted/admitting
②permit：permitted/permitted/permitting
③plan：planned/planned/planning
④refer：referred/referred/referring
⑤prefer：preferred/preferred/preferring
⑥beg：begged/begged/begging
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．take__part__in 参加；参与
2．stand__for 代表；象征；表示
3．as__well 也；又；还
4．in__charge 主管；看管
5．make__a__bargain 做交易
6．be__admitted__into/to 被接纳进入；被……录取
7．work__out 计算出；设计出；解决；
结果；锻炼
8．apart__from 除了
9．one__after__another 陆续地；一个接一个地
10．take__the__place__of 代替
11．pick__up 拾起；捡起；用车接某人
12．as__a__matter__of__fact 事实上
1.有无定冠词意义不同的短语荟萃
①in charge of 主管；看管；负责
in the charge of 被掌管；由……负责
②in control of 控制；管理
in the control of 被……控制
③in possession of 占有；拥有
in the possession of 被占有；为……所有
2.“as”开头的高频短语一览
①as well 也；又；还
②as a matter of fact 事实上
③as a result 结果
④as usual 照例；照常
⑤as follows 如下
⑥as is mentioned above 如上所说
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：nor引导的倒装句型
No other countries could join in, nor__could__slaves__or__women！
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
句型2：not only...but (also)．..连接并列成分，意为“不仅……而且……”
Women are not__only__allowed,__but__play__a__very__important__role__in gymnastics，athletics, team sports and... 妇女不仅允许(参加比赛)，而且她们还在体操、田径和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……
句型3：as...as...表同级比较
There’s as__much__competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.
国与国之间争取奥运会主办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。
句型4：the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..意为“越……就越……”
This is important because the__more__you__speak__English,__the__better your English will become. 这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real bargain(便宜货)．
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Athletes(运动员) from our school team have taken part in many table tennis contests in recent years.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)We took part in many matches on behalf of our school and won many medals(奖牌).
4．It would be foolish(fool) of us to pretend that the accident never happened.
5．John got seriously injured in the match yesterday, and therefore he was replaced(replace) by another player.
6．The scientist made great contributions to science, so he deserved(deserve) giving so many awards.
7．If you’re driving at the speed of 100 kilometers an hour, you are more likely to break the speed limit and be at the risk of getting fined(fine)．
8．We know playing computer games for a long time can harm one’s physical(physics) health.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·江苏卷单项填空)Unlike traditional gyms, appbacked gyms offer people flexible options to exercise.健身房
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I’m writing to tell you something about the upcoming volleyball tournament, which is scheduled to be held in the new stadium next month.体育场
3．(2017·北京卷阅读A)Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down.迅速的
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)We will witness the glory of our school, and we are growing together.荣誉，光荣
5．(浙江卷阅读D)She was so joyous that even on the worst days, she could make me smile.On a daily basis, she reminded me that life goes on.基础，根据
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．All the excited competitors who are relatively competitive are competing for the honor of winning the gold medals in the competition．(compete)
2．Up till now admission to college is gained by exam only.If you cannot pass the exam, you will not be admitted to college.(admit)
3．Advertisers are supposed to be honest with the advertisements. If you advertise your goods in a dishonest way, you will be fined up to 50，000 yuan.(advertise)
4．A large number of volunteers from the university volunteer to teach in the remote villages. Their voluntary work is well worth praising.(volunteer)
5．It was foolish of you to refer to your notes in such an important test.Stop making a fool of yourself.(fool)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
stand for; work out; take an active part in; as well; apart from
In order to reach the required standard I 1.take__an__active__part__in the English corner and other afterclass English activities 2.apart__from__English classes, which benefits me a lot. Besides, I make it a rule to 3.work__out at the gym after school every day. Last week, as many as 60 students, 4.standing__for our school, took part in the sports meeting, and even some teachers joined 5.as__well. The sports meeting was a great success.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．他们没有完成那项任务，因为他们既没机会又没尽力去做。
They didn’t finish the task, for they had no chance, nor__did__they__try__their__best．
2．既然失败者和获胜者一样努力，那么双方就都值得我们尊敬。
Since the loser worked as__hard__as the winner, both of them deserved our respect.
3．事实上，一个学生越受鼓励，他学习就越努力。
As a matter of fact, the__more a student is encouraged, the__harder he will learn.
4．众所周知，阅读古典文学对我们来说非常重要。这是因为它不仅能改善我们的学习生涯而且能丰富我们的日常生活。
As is known to us, reading classics is of great importance. This is because it can not__only__improve__our__studying__career__but__also enrich our everyday life.
compete vi.比赛；竞争
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·天津卷书面表达)We can compete with students from other schools in the World Adolescent Robotics Competition.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting competition(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.
③Living in a highly competitive(compete) society, you have to equip yourself with modern technology and skills.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我们队现在正忙着为这场比赛做准备，从生活到日常训练。我们有信心赢得这场比赛。
Our team is now busy preparing for the game, from living to daily training.We are confident that we can__win__this__competition．
(1)compete in 参加……比赛；
在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against...for...
为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
(2)competition n. 比赛；竞争
competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的
competitor n. 竞争者；对手
[佳句背诵] Every year, many players will try their best to compete in the dragon boat race on the Dragon Boat Festival. 每年的端午节，许多选手都会尽最大的努力去参加龙舟赛。
[联想发散] “参加比赛”荟萃：
①compete__in__the__match；②participate__in__the__match；③take__part__in__the__match．
admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳；容纳
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She apologized to me and admitted taking/having__taken(take) my umbrella by mistake.
②Admission(admit) to British universities depends on examination results.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2017·天津卷书面表达)我已经成功地成了第十三届全运会的志愿者，这届全运会将于今年八月底举行。
I have successfully got__admitted__as__a__volunteer for the 13th National Games, which is scheduled to be held at the end of this August.
(1)admit doing/having done/that...
承认……
admit sb./sth.to be... 承认某人/某物……
It is admitted that... 人们公认……
(2)be admitted to/into 被接纳进入；
被录取到……
be/get admitted as 作为……被接受
(3)admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认
[佳句背诵] The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream to be admitted to my favorite university will come true. 考试结果可能会如所预料的那样，我被我最喜爱的大学录取的梦想将会实现。
replace vt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①However, it is a pity that our present PE class is quite dull and sometimes even replaced by/with other subjects.
②She replaced the books after reading and fell asleep.把……放回原处
[能力提升]——一句多译
找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。
③It would be difficult to find a man in__place__of__the__present__manager．
④It would be difficult to find a man to__replace__the__present__manager．
⑤It would be difficult to find a man to__take__the__place__of__the__present__manager．
(1)replace sth. with/by sth. 用……替换……
(2)take the place of＝take one’s place
代替
(3)in place of 代替
[佳句背诵] As far as I’m concerned, it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with/by snacks. 就我个人而言，不吃正餐，而用零食代替它们，这不是什么好主意。
[名师点津] (1)in place of介词短语，不单独作谓语；
(2)replace, take one’s place 和take the place of 是动词(短语)，可作谓语。
charge vt.& vi.收费；控诉；充电；负责 n．费用；主管
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①There is a heated discussion on whether museums should charge for admission or not.
②The man who had taken charge of the company was__charged(charge) with taking drugs.
[能力提升]——一句多译
汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。
③The company is in__the__charge__of Tom while the boss is away.
④Tom is in__charge__of the company while the boss is away.
⑤Tom takes__charge__of the company while the boss is away.
(1)in charge of 掌握；负责
in the charge of 在……掌管之下
take charge of 负责，掌管
(2)free of charge 免费
(3)charge sb. for sth. 因……向某人收费
charge sb. with sth. 控告某人某事
[佳句背诵] We held a series of activities, a few of which were in the charge of English students.
我们举办了一系列的活动，其中一些是由英语系的学生负责的。(2017·天津卷书面表达)
deserve vi.& vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得；应得
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He does not deserve to__win(win) any respect from anybody just because he does not know how to respect others.
②There is no doubt that the man is guilty and that he deserves punishing/to__be__punished(punish)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
保持开放的心态， 因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。
③Keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve__consideration．
④Keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve__considering．
⑤Keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve__to__be__considered．
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve to be done＝deserve doing
……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention/a rest
值得考虑/值得注意/应该休息
[佳句背诵] With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves attention.
由于许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前的形势值得注意。
[名师点津] deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似的动词还有need, require等。
take part in 参加；参与
[基础练习]——完成句子
①(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)It goes without saying that taking__an__active__part__in__social__activities(积极参加社会活动) can broaden our horizons.
②Any student who is interested in this activity is welcome to join/take__part(参加).
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我们团队将参加各种各样的活动，例如代表我们学校参加一些全国性比赛。
Our team will take__part__in__a__variety__of__activities,__such as participating__in__some__national__competitions on behalf of our school.
take part in＝participate in 参加，参与
take an active part in 积极参加
play a part in 在……中起作用；
在……中扮演角色
[佳句背诵] We were so interested in the competition that we formed a group to take part in it.
我们对这次竞赛如此感兴趣以至于我们成立了一个小组来参加它。(2018·天津卷书面表达)
[名师点津] 在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。
stand for 代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；容忍
[一词多义]——写出下列句中stand for的含义
①The Tang costume stands for Chinese history and fashion culture.代表
②We should stand for religious freedom.支持；主张
③I will not stand for such bad behavior in my house.容忍
④As we know, pigeons stand for peace.象征
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤在中国这些结代表友谊、爱情和运气。
In China, these knots stand__for__friendship,__love and good luck.
stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观
stand out 突出；显眼；杰出
stand on one’s own feet 自立；不依靠他人
stand sth./doing sth. 忍受(做)某事
[佳句背诵] After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response. 经过几轮的比赛， 这个小女孩因为优秀的口语和敏捷的反应而引人注目。
as well 也；又；还(常放在句子末尾，作副词短语使用)
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The deadline for the project is around the corner, so we may/might as well get some help.
②(2019·天津卷)Amy, as well as her brothers, was__given(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)In my view, it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers and a box of chocolate.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
(高级表达)In my view, it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers as__well__as a box of chocolate.
(1)as well as 既……又……(用来连接两个并列成分)；
同……一样好
(2)may/might as well do sth.
最好做某事；不妨做某事
[佳句背诵] We can know more about the life of great people as well as history and cultures of other countries. 我们不但能更多地了解伟人的生活，还能了解其他国家的历史和文化。
[名师点津] 当“A as well as B”结构作主语时，谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致。
nor引导的倒装句型
(教材P10)No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women！ 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
[基础练习]——句型转换
①Tom can speak French and his brother can speak it, too.
→Tom can speak French and so__can__his__brother．
②If you don’t attend the meeting, I won’t, either.
→If you don’t attend the meeting, neither__will__I．
③They didn’t finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss. So it was with us.
→They didn’t finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss. It__was__the__same__with__us.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④——杰克对中国文化和民族音乐非常痴迷。
—Jack is very crazy about Chinese culture and folk music.
——他确实如此。你也是这样。—So__he__is and so__are__you.
(1)“neither/nor＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一个人或事物。
(2)“so＋主语＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词”，用来表示同意、附和前一说话者所说的内容，可译为“是的，对，的确如此”。
(3)“so＋系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一个人或事物。
(4)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定，或者形式不同，就用句型So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with...
[佳句背诵] Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and nor/neither will Tom.
简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭，汤姆也不会。
the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...意为“越……就越……”
(教材P16)This is important because the more you speak English, the better your English will become.
这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The more careful you are, the fewer(few) mistakes you will make.
②The more a person reads, the wiser(wise) he will become.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③你越努力，你的进步就越大。
The harder you work, __the__greater__progress__you__will__make．
the more...，the less... 越……，越不……
the more...，the better... ……越多，……就越好
[佳句背诵] It was our teacher who reminded us that the more confident we were, the more likely we were to succeed.
是我们的老师提醒我们，我们越自信，就越有可能成功。
Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．Therefore, let’s take the responsibility(responsible) to build up a lowcarbon city by riding bicycles.
2．I’d like to inquire some information concerning the position advertised(advertise) in yesterday’s newspaper.
3．The designer, as well as the models, was__interviewed(interview) shortly after they finished their amazing performance.
4．To__compete(compete) more effectively with others, more and more people equip themselves with a higher education.
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)While running regularly(regular) can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
6．One of the volunteers(volunteer) for the rescue work injured himself when helping others.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)We found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined(fine)．
2．As everybody knows, the lazier(lazy) a person is, the more things he needs to do tomorrow.
3．When we arrived at what used to be called the City of Fog, we found London had completely changed.
4．He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, nor did he give in to any difficulty.
5．(2017·天津卷)Apart from my academic studies, I always manage to find time for what I’m interested in.
6．As is known to us, the Chinese red flag stands for the unity of people led by the Chinese Communist Party.
Ⅲ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(2018·浙江卷6月完形)Since his regular job was boring, I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline fulltime.adj.固定的
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)The music festival will be shown in the hall which can admit 1，600 students.vt.容纳
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and recommended wonderful places to eat，shop, and visit.n.主人
4．(2017·江苏卷)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of what it used to charge.vt.收费，要价
提能一 语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
As we all know, only athletes who have reached the 1.agreed(agree) standard for their event will be admitted as 2.competitors(compete). All the athletes are aware that the 3.harder(hard) they train, the more likely their dreams will come true. Nothing can replace hard training on the way 4.to success. There is no denying that the losers work as hard 5.as the winners before the Olympic Games, so I believe both of them deserve 6.respecting/to__be__respected(respect)．
(二)
There is no doubt that the World Cup is the largest international sport 1.competition(compete). Soccer teams from different countries fight fiercely for 2.admission(admit) to the finals. Many people are involved in 3.voluntary(volunteer) work and serve as volunteers to make sure everything goes smoothly. The host country has a particular 4.responsibility(responsible) to ensure the security of all athletes. Companies put 5.advertisements(advertise) on the venues(赛场) to promote products or services by 6.regularly(regular) sponsoring the event.
提能二 话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
某英文报社举办题为“An Unforgettable Experience”的征文活动，请你结合自身作为志愿者参加全运会的经历用英语写一篇短文。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①我永远不会忘记作为志愿者参加在我市举行的全运会的经历。
I will never forget the experience of being__a__volunteer__for__the__National__Games__held__in__our__city．
②被接纳为志愿者，我感到既紧张又自豪。
Admitted__as__a__volunteer,__I__felt__nervous__as__well__as__proud.
③为给参加比赛的运动员提供最好的服务，我每天定期努力练习。
To provide the best service for the__athletes__who__took__part__in__the__competitions,__I__practiced__hard__on__a__regular__basis every day.
④因为充分的准备，我表现出色。负责志愿者的人认为我值得表扬。
Because of my full preparation I performed so well that the people in__charge__of__volunteers thought I deserved__praising/to__be__praised．
⑤从这次经历中我意识到我们准备得越充分，我们就会表现得越好。
From the experience, I realize that the__more__fully__we__prepare,__the__better__we__will__perform．
2．升级平淡句
⑥用强调句式升级句④
It__was__because__of__my__full__preparation__that__I__performed__so__well__that__the__people__in__charge__of__volunteers__thought__I__deserved__praising/to__be__praised.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：to be honest, surely, thankfully)
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One possible version：
I will never forget the experience of being a volunteer for the National Games held in our city.
To be honest, admitted as a volunteer, I felt nervous as well as proud. Surely, to provide the best service for the athletes who took part in the competitions, I practiced hard on a regular basis every day. Thankfully, it was because of my full preparation that I performed so well that the people in charge of volunteers thought I deserved praising/to be praised.
From the experience, I realize that the more fully we prepare, the better we will perform.
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·衢州教学质量检测)Almost all calligraphy(书法) lovers agree that writing characters with a brush and ink on straw paper offers a way to communicate with not only history and culture, but also oneself. But now Chinese character handwriting is under threat from computers and mobile phones.
A college graduate looking for a job was reportedly turned down by a company because he wrote 24 characters incorrectly in a 400character handwritten resume. A survey by HorizonKey, covering people from 12 major cities in China, found that nearly one third of those interviewed often experience “character amnesia(遗忘)”， with 94 percent saying this is a problem for them.
The main reason is that most Chinese rely too much on the pinyinbased Chinese language input method, which is replacing the tradition of writing characters stroke(笔画) by stroke. The software will conveniently choose the right characters according to the context or word frequency, as there are dozens of characters with the same pronunciation in Chinese.
Education is another problem. In college, most homework and papers are printed out, instead of handwritten. And few teachers use chalk and blackboards, with Microsoft’s PowerPoint the mostoften used software to teach knowledge to students.
The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason why students are easily satisfied with just a poor knowledge of the Chinese language and characters. It is quicker to look up a character in an electronic dictionary, but traditional printed dictionaries offer more detailed information on the usage and meaning of the characters. Students pay more attention to remembering a character’s pronunciation, but not the other knowledge related to it, which edictionaries rarely provide.
Another worry is the “pollution” of Chinese characters by Internet language. Young people regard using Internet language as cool and fashionable. After they learn to use these expressions, they automatically include them in their writing.
【解题导语】 随着电脑上的汉语输入法、办公软件以及电子产品的影响，人们手写汉字的能力在减弱。
1．With the example of a college graduate, the author shows ________．
A．that practicing can improve writing
B．why certain people are poor writers
C．that there are differences in students’ writing
D．why Chinese character handwriting is in great danger
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，汉字书写面临着来自电脑和手机的威胁，而第二段紧接着讲述了一名大学毕业生求职时被一家公司拒绝，因为他在一份400字的手写简历中写错了24个字；接下来的几段说明了汉字书写面临威胁的原因。由此可推知，作者用这个例子是为了阐释汉字书写处于危险之中的原因。故选D。
2．What phenomenon is described in paragraph 5?
A．Dependence on electronic devices.
B．Advantages of electronic dictionaries.
C．Mastery of knowledge of the characters.
D．Disadvantages of published dictionaries.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason...to look up a character in an electronic dictionary”可知，该段描述的是学生对电子产品过于依赖的现象。故选A。
3．What’s the writer’s attitude towards the Internet language?
A．Favorable. B．Uncaring.
C．Disapproving. D．Friendly.
C 解析：观点态度题。根据第六段的内容，尤其是第一句中的“pollution”可推知，作者对网络语言的使用持不赞成的态度。故选C。
【难句分析】 The software will conveniently choose the right characters according to the context or word frequency, as there are dozens of characters with the same pronunciation in Chinese.
分析：句中“as there are...in Chinese”为as引导的原因状语从句。
译文：这种软件可以根据上下文或词语出现的频率，方便地选择正确的文字，因为在汉语中，有很多文字有相同的发音。
B
TOKYO, June 8(Xinhua)—The Beijing Organizing Committee of the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games held a promotion event in the Japanese capital of Tokyo on Saturday to introduce the latest developments in preparations for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
The promotion event, which used an exhibition wall and the “Charming Beijing” photo exhibition to showcase the preparations of Beijing 2022, was part of “Beijing Week”， a series of activities to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of sistercity relations between Beijing and Tokyo.
On the exhibition wall with an area of 33 square meters, Beijing 2022 organizers showcased five aspects including the Beijing Winter Olympics vision, Beijing’s winter sports tradition, emblems(徽章) of Beijing 2022, competition planning and the National Speed Skating Oval.
At the same time, old photos of the Chinese and Japanese ice hockey teams echoed the 40th anniversary of the establishment of sistercity relations between the two cities and the theme of Beijing Winter Olympics.
The promotion videos of the Beijing 2022 emblems, as well as other related video clips, drew great interest of the audience.
The “Charming Beijing” photo exhibition displayed some of the Winter Olympic venues, showing the progress of the preparations for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
Meanwhile, the sand table, VR glasses and the“Beijing Winter Olympics Brochure” are also provided to let the audience visually experience the unique charm of the National Speed Skating Oval and the features of other competition venues.
Chang Yu, Director General of the Media and Communications Department of the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee, introduced the progress of the preparations of Beijing 2022 and the vision of cooperation between Beijing 2022 and Tokyo 2020.
Chang Yu said that the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee stays committed to hosting the Games in a green, inclusive, open and clean manner, with the aim of delivering a fantastic, extraordinary and excellent Olympic event to the world.
The Beijing Winter Olympics will open on February 4, 2022, which will feature 7 sports, 15 disciplines and 109 events.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组委会在东京举行了宣传活动，展示了冬奥会准备工作的最新进展。
4．How was the promotion event carried out?
A．By advertising on TV in Beijing and Tokyo.
B．By sending off brochures to citizens in Tokyo.
C．By providing various visual experiences.
D．Through tours all around Tokyo.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词the promotion event定位到文章第二段中的“The promotion event, which used an exhibition wall and the ‘Charming Beijing’ photo exhibition to showcase the preparations of Beijing 2022”可知，这个宣传活动用一个展览墙和图片展览展示北京2022年冬奥会所做的准备工作，故选C。
5．The underlined word “commemorate” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________．
A．celebrate B．appreciate
C．compare D．combine
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“the 40th anniversary of the establishment of sistercity relations between Beijing and Tokyo”并结合常识可知，此处表示庆祝北京和东京姐妹城市关系成立40周年，故画线词与A选项词义最接近。
6．What can be inferred from Chang Yu’s introduction?
A．Beijing will host the Olympics earlier than Tokyo.
B．Beijing is wellprepared for the 2022 event.
C．Beijing 2022 proves a great success.
D．Beijing 2022 will be environmentally friendly.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词Chang Yu’s introduction定位到原文倒数第二段，根据该段中的“to hosting the Games in a green, inclusive, open and clean manner”可推知，北京2022年冬奥会将对环境友好。
7．Which of the following can be the title for this passage?
A．The Sistercity Anniversary Between Beijing and Tokyo
B．Beijing 2022 Promotion Event in Tokyo
C．Beijing and Tokyo, Friendship Forever
D．Preparations for Beijing 2022 Olympics
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中的“The Beijing Organizing Committee of the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games held a promotion event in the Japanese capital of Tokyo”并结合文章其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组委会在东京举办了宣传活动，展示了北京冬奥会准备工作的最新进展，故B项适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·浙江六校协作体联考)
Public Speaking
Public speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.
The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain the audience. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience. 1.________ For persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech to, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke.
2．________ Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage.
Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech. 3.________ A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and useful. 4.________ Language and delivery(演讲方式) alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said. 5.________
A．It needs to be used clearly.
B．These speeches mark special occasions.
C．The important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.
D．The key of perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.
E．They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.
F．Knowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it.
G．Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audience’s expectation.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了公共演讲的几个类型以及做好演讲所需注意的事项。
1．C 解析：从结构上看，第二段首先介绍了公共演讲的三种目的；接下来对这三种目的分别介绍了其对应的演讲类型以及注意事项，空处位于介绍informative speech这种类型之后，应是说明它的注意事项，故C项表述不要输入太多的信息符合语境。其中information是关键提示词。
2．D 解析：本空是段首句。本段讲述了公共演讲的两个注意事项。下文“Aside from it...is quite necessary.”讲的是第二个注意事项：要提前了解观众是谁。接着进一步阐述了注意事项。空后讲的是多加练习对于演讲的好处，由此可推知，空处应是第一个注意事项，并且与空后一句中的“practice”相呼应，故选D。
3．A 解析：本空是段中句。空前一句是说语言是演讲中需注意的主要方面。空处应是对其进行进一步的说明，关键词是Language，A项中的It指的就是Language，且根据空后的“make it clear to the audience”可知，A项“它(语言)需要使用得很清楚”符合语境。
4．G 解析：本空是段中句。空前讲的是观众期待演讲者能给他们新的有用的东西，故G项“因此，演讲者需要了解如何发表他们的演讲来满足观众的期待”与空前一句构成逻辑上的因果关系，故G项符合语境。
5．E 解析：本空是段尾句。空前讲的是演讲者可以重申要点，提醒观众所讲的重要事情来结束演讲，空处应是叙述另一种结束方式，故E项符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class 1.____________ March 1st on movable type. This is 2.____________ ancient Chinese printing system.
The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province has introduced the course in the new term. An expert in Chinese characters culture has been invited to the campus, 3.____________ major responsibility is to teach students how 4.____________(use) the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with 5.____________(interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, 6.____________(apply) the knowledge they’ve learned. One student printed her 7.____________(new) written essay “Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their parents？”
8．____________(know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing 9.____________(invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the world’s first system of movable type printing.
The school said the course is aimed at improving the students’ awareness of Chinese characters and their 10.____________(appreciate) of Chinese culture.
【解题导语】 杭州的一所小学开设活字印刷术课程以增强学生的汉字意识和提高中国文化鉴赏水平。本文介绍了该校的课程开设情况并简要介绍了活字印刷术。
1．on 解析：考查介词。表示在具体的某一天，用介词on。
2．an 解析：考查冠词。此处表示“一个古老的中国印刷系统”，表泛指，system是可数名词，且ancient的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
3．whose 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，major responsibility与先行词An expert之间为所属关系，故填whose。
4．to use 解析：考查动词不定式。此处考查固定用法：“疑问词＋不定式”结构。teach sb.how to do sth.意为“教某人如何做某事”。
5．interesting 解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词用形容词，根据空后的“classes”可知，此处应用interesting“有趣的”修饰。
6．applying 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词apply与其逻辑主语They之间是主谓关系，应用其现在分词形式作状语。
7．newly 解析：考查副词。written是动词write的过去分词，修饰动词应用副词，故填newly。
8．Known 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词Know与其逻辑主语movable type printing之间是动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式。
9．was invented 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。由该句中的时间状语“in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty”可知，此处应用一般过去时；根据空后的“by”可知，此处应用被动语态，又因movable type printing作主语，为第三人称单数，故填was invented。
10．appreciation 解析：考查词性转换。their是形容词性物主代词，其后应跟名词，故填appreciation。
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