2021届高考英语人教版一轮创新教学案：第1编Book4Unit2　Workingtheland

Unit 2　Working the land


1．As for my childhood, I only remember growing wheat with Father, gaining a good harvest that year.
至于我的童年，我只记得那年和父亲一起去种植小麦，后来获得了大丰收。
2．Only when we combine the traditional agriculture with modern technology can we ensure a better life for people.
我们只有把传统农业与现代技术相结合，才能确保人们过上更好的生活。
3．It was picking the wild fruit on the hill that I realized the farmers were leading a hard life.
正是在山上采摘野果的经历，使我认识到农民生活的不易。
4．Thanks to this activity in the countryside, we had a better understanding of farmers' life.
多亏了这次在乡下的活动，我们对农民的生活才有了更好的了解。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词
(1)struggle (vi.& n．) 斗争；拼搏；努力
(2)expand (vt.& vi.) 使变大；伸展→expansion (n.) 扩张；扩展
(3)rid (vt.) 摆脱；除去→rid (过去式/过去分词)
(4)therefore (adv.) 因此；所以；因而
(5)export (vt.& vi.) 输出；出口→import (vt.& vi.) 输入；进口
(6)regret (vt.) 遗憾；惋惜 (n.) 遗憾；懊悔→regretted (过去式/过去分词)→regretful (adj.) 后悔的；失望的；遗憾的
(7)focus (n.) 焦点；中心点 (vt.) 集中；聚焦
(8)reduce (vt.) 减少；减缩→reduction (n.) 减少；缩小
(9)comment (n.) 评论；议论 (vi.& vt.) 表达意见；作出评论
Ⅱ　阅读单词
(1)decade (n.) 十年；十年期
(2)super (adj.) 特级的；超级的
(3)output (n.) 产量；输出
(4)hunger (n.) 饥饿；欲望 (vt.& vi.) (使)饥饿
(5)disturbing (adj.) 引起烦恼的；令人不安的
(6)circulate (vt.& vi.) 循环；流传
(7)battle (n.) 战役；战斗；较量；斗争 (vt.& vi.) 搏斗；奋斗
(8)freedom (n.) 自由；自主
(9)equip (vt.& vi.) 配备；装备
(10)occupation (n.) 工作；职业；占领
(11)confuse (vt.) 使迷惑；使为难
(12)discovery (n.) 发现；发觉
(13)summary (n.) 总结；摘要；概要

　[单句语法填空]
1.The children are always ________ (hunger) when they get home from school.
答案：hungry
2．They said the earthquake could lead to a ________ (reduce) in steel exports from Japan.
答案：reduction
3．His recent ________ (discover) have added to his reputation in the field of science.
答案：discoveries
4．The people who want to improve their lives are left ________ (confuse) by all of the conflicting information.
答案：confused
5．The high cost of ________ (equip) prohibits many people from taking up this sport.
答案：equipment
6．They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people ________ (focus), and lead to relaxation.
答案：focused

7．Dina, ________ (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
答案：having struggled
8．It's ________ (disturb) that I can't get along well with my new neighbor.
答案：disturbing
9．Have you ever regretted ________ (do) something you shouldn't have done?
答案：having done/doing
10．Please state your name, age, gender and ________ (occupy) below.
答案：occupation

联想积累
1．动词“扩展；扩大”荟萃
①expand 扩展；扩张；膨胀　　②enlarge 扩大；放大
③spread 扩展；蔓延；传播 ④extend 延伸；扩大
⑤broaden 使……变宽；扩展
⑥widen 加宽；使张开，使扩大
2．“因此”家族
①therefore adv. 因此；所以
②so conj. 因此；所以
③thus adv. 因此；于是
④consequently adv. 所以；因此
⑤as a result 结果；因此
⑥hence adv. 因此；所以


1．thanks_to 幸亏；由于；因为
2．rid ... of 使……摆脱或除去
3．be_satisfied_with 对……感到满意
4．would_rather 宁愿；宁可
5．build_up 逐渐增强；建立；开发
6．lead to 导致；造成(后果)
7．focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
8．be rich in 盛产；富于
9．keep ... free from/of 使……免受(影响；伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)
　[选词填空]
rid ... of, be satisfied with, focus on, keep ... free of/from, lead to, build up
1．Nowadays everyone is responsible for ________ a harmonious society in China.
答案：building up
2．We have every reason to believe that progress in new technology will ________ a more wonderful life.
答案：lead to
3．A balanced diet and moderate exercise will ________ you ________ cold.
答案：keep; free of/from
4．________ what makes you happy about your job, not miserable.
答案：Focus on
5．The teacher ________ what the students had done.
答案：was satisfied with
6．She's trying to ________ herself ________ the dependence on drugs.
答案：rid; of

联想积累
1．“be＋adj.＋with”高频短语集锦
①be satisfied with 对……感到满意
②be familiar with 对……熟悉
③be popular with 受……欢迎
④be pleased with 对……感到满意
⑤be busy with 忙于……
⑥be strict with 对……严格要求
⑦be content with 对……感到满意
⑧be bored with 对……感到厌烦
⑨be patient with 对……有耐心
2．表示“集中注意力”的短语
①focus on　　　　　　②be absorbed in
③pay attention to ④concentrate on


课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
If so, what did you do to grow them？
如果这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？
if so是省略句，意为“如果这样的话”。if not “如果不是这样”；if any “如果有的话”；if possible “如果可能的话”。
When traveling, don't forget to take some photos and upload them by WeChat. ________， I will give them thumbs­up.
旅游时别忘记拍照并用微信上传。这样的话，我会给这些照片点赞。

答案：If so

直击重点 突破考点

①struggle　vi.& n. 斗争；拼搏；努力(P10)

(1)单句语法填空
①Some farmers have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, ________ (struggle)to increase their incomes.
②For decades, they have been struggling ________ (search) for ways to increase rice harvests, but without success.
③James was hit in the mouth as he struggled ________ the burglars.
答案：①struggling　②to search　③with
(2)单句改错
He struggled on his feet and went away without saying a word.
_________________________________________________________________
答案：on→to

struggle for 为……而奋斗
struggle against 与……斗争；为反对……而斗争
struggle with 与……斗争；与……并肩作战
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
②equip　vt.& vi. 配备；装备(P10)

(1)单句语法填空
①They spent a lot of money equipping the school ________ new computers.
②If it were not for the modern ________ (equip), such experiments would not be performed.
答案：①with　②equipment
(2)单句写作
The goal of the course is ________________ the skills necessary for a job in this technological age.
本课程旨在使人们获得在这个技术时代必备的工作技能。
答案：to equip people with


(1)equip sb./sth. with sth. 给……配备……
be equipped with ... 装备/配备……
equip sb. for sth./to do sth. 使有所准备；使有能力
be well/poorly equipped 装备精良的/差的
(2)equipment n. [U]装备；设备
a piece of equipment 一件设备

③regret　vt. 惋惜；遗憾　n. 遗憾；懊悔(P13)

(1)单句语法填空
①We regret ________ (inform) you that your application has not been successful.
②At first I regretted ________ (invite) them to stay, but we soon became great friends.
③Since then, I have encouraged myself to speak out so that I wouldn't look back ________ regret.
答案：①to inform　②inviting　③with
(2)单句写作
We think, ____________________， that we will not be able to visit Mogao Caves at Dunhuang with you next year.
我们觉得，明年可能没法和你们一起去游览敦煌莫高窟了，真是遗憾。
答案：much to our regret


(1)regret to do sth. 很遗憾做某事
regret to inform/say/tell ... 很遗憾地通知/说/告诉……
regret doing sth. 遗憾/后悔做过某事
(2)have no regrets 没有遗憾
with great regret 非常遗憾
to one's regret 令某人抱歉/遗憾的是
(3)regrettable adj. 令人遗憾的，令人惋惜的

④focus　vt. 集中；聚焦　n. 焦点；中心点(P14)

(1)单句语法填空
With his attention ________ (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.
答案：focused
(2)单句写作
①The best goals are clear in number and specific ____________.
最好的目标既要数目明确又要清晰具体。
②________ the object ____________ if you want a sharp picture.
如果想拍一张清晰的照片，就把物体对准在焦点上。
答案：①in focus　②Bring; into focus


(1)focus on/upon ... 集中(注意力、精力等)于……
(2)bring ... into focus 使……成为焦点
in focus 对准焦点；清晰
out of focus 没对准焦点；不清晰

⑤reduce　vt. 减少；减缩(P14)

(1)单句语法填空
①The method of ________ (reduce) the teaching cost has been discussed at the meeting.
②He ________ (reduce) to despair when he heard the news.
③Don't expect us to make such a large ________ (reduce)．
答案：①reducing　②was reduced　③reduction
(2)单句改错
①He weighed 75 kilos last month, and now his weight has been reduced to 10 kilos.
______________________________________________________________
②During the famine, many people were reduced to eat grass and leaves.
__________________________________________________________________
答案：①to→by　②eat→eating


(1)reduce to ... 降至……
reduce by ... 减少了……
be reduced to ... 沦落为……(to为介词)
be reduced to despair 陷入绝望
reduce weight/speed 减肥/减速
reduce sth. to ashes 把某物(尤指建筑物)化为灰烬
(2)reduced adj. 减少的；简化的
reduction n. 降低；减小

①rid ... of使……摆脱或除去(P10)

单句写作
①Maybe we should __________________ modern technology and return to simpler times.
也许我们应该摆脱现代技术，回归到更为简单的时代。
②There are some habits that we can ______________ very easily.
有一些习惯是很容易摆脱掉的。
答案：①rid ourselves of　②get rid of


(1)rid sb./sth. of ... 使某人/某物摆脱……
rid oneself of sth. (fears/debts) 使某人自己摆脱/克服某物(恐惧/债务)
(2)get rid of 摆脱掉；除掉；处理掉

②be satisfied with 对……感到满意(P10)

(1)单句语法填空
①The policeman put down the phone, ________ (satisfy) with a smile on his face.
②We asked all of our customers if they were satisfied ________ the service they had received.
③The manager says that the report you submitted to him is very ________ (satisfy)．
答案：①satisfied　②with　③satisfactory/satisfying
(2)单句写作
①Seeing the rows of trees planted by us, we had ________________.
看到自己种植的一排排的树木，我们内心产生一种满足感。
②She looked at the finished painting ____________.
她满意地看着完成的画作。
答案：①a sense of satisfaction　②with satisfaction


satisfy one's needs/curiosity 满足某人的需要/好奇心
to sb.'s satisfaction 使某人满意的是
gain/get satisfaction from ... 从……中得到满足
be satisfied with 对……表示满足或满意
with satisfaction 满意地

③lead to 导致；造成(后果)(P14)

单句写作
①It was the careful observation of people's everyday life that ____________ the existence of the shared bikes.
正是对人们日常生活的细心观察才导致了共享单车的产生。
②Every person hopes that he or she will ______________ in the future.
人人都期盼未来过着幸福的生活。
③Eating too much sugar can ________ health problems.
食用太多的糖会引起健康问题。
答案：①led to　②lead a happy life　③lead to


lead sb. to do sth. 使/促使某人做某事
lead a ... life 过……的生活
lead to sth. 导致，造成
lead the way 带路；引路
lead sb. (to sth.) 使得出(观点)；引导(某人)

①[教材原句]He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. (P10)
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。

(1)单句语法填空
①I would rather ________ (solve) my problems alone, whatever they may be.
②Alice is a quiet girl, who prefers ________ (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.
答案：①solve　②to stay
(2)单句写作
①I ____________ tell him about it myself ________ let him find it out from other people.
我宁肯自己把事情告诉他，也不愿他从旁人处得知这件事。
②He'd rather he ____________ “Jixiang”， meaning being lucky and happy.
他宁愿自己被取名为“吉祥”，代表着“吉祥如意”。
答案：①would rather; than　②had been named


(1)
(2)

②[教材原句]Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer.(P14)
因此，使用有机耕作的农民通常更喜欢使用天然的动物粪便作肥料。

(1)单句语法填空
①The teacher suggested ________ (do) it in a different way.
②My daughter was badly hurt in the accident. I really regretted not ________ (pick) her up from school yesterday.
③He escaped ________ (kill) when the office collapsed because he had not gone to work.
答案：①doing　②picking　③being killed
(2)单句改错
①Listen to that piece of music always makes her feel happy.
_________________________________________________________________
②If the TV needs repaired, please let me know as soon as possible.
_________________________________________________________________
答案：①Listen→Listening　②repaired→repairing/to be repaired

(1)句中using natural waste ... 是动名词短语作动词prefer的宾语。
(2)动词­ing形式作宾语
①作动词的宾语
常接动词­ing形式作宾语的动词有avoid, miss, advise, finish, practise, enjoy, escape, risk, mind, stand, imagine等。
②英语中有一些动词短语或形容词短语也常跟动词­ing形式作宾语。常见的有insist on, object to, be good at, be fond of, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote oneself to, get used to, pay attention to等。
③有些动词或词组后既可跟动词­ing形式作宾语，又可跟不定式作宾语，但意思有差异。
stop/mean/try/remember/forget/regret
④当句子的主语为表示物的名词时，下列动词可接动词­ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。
need/want/require doing＝need/want/require to be
done
(3)动词­ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。

课文回练 升华运用
Yuan Longping was born in 1930. __1__ he graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953, he has devoted his life to __2__ (find) ways to grow more and more rice. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was __3__ serious problem in many parts of the countryside. Yuan Longping searched __4__ a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese __5__ (farmer) could produce about fifty­six million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice __6__ (produce). These __7__ (increase) harvests mean __8__ 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in the world. Yuan Longping is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other __9__ (little) developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN __10__ (have) more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
答案：1.Since　2.finding　3.a　4.for　5.farmers　6.was produced　7.increased　8.that　9.less　10.has

基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．________ (determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
答案：Determining　分析句子结构可知，应用动名词短语作主语，即本句中Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings作主语，remains是谓语动词。
2．The ________ (produce) of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business.
答案：production　由设空前的“the”和后面的“of”可知，应填所给词的名词形式。production “生产；制造”。
3．Nowadays, children have more ________ (free); they can do whatever they like.
答案：freedom　freedom，名词，意为“自由”，在本句中作宾语。
4．Cats can help rid the home ________ mice.
答案：of　rid ... of “使……摆脱或除去……”。
5．A heavy fire reduced 90 percent of the houses ________ ashes.
答案：to　reduce sth. to ashes“使某物化为灰烬”。
6．I bitterly ________ (regret) that I had missed the wonderful film.
答案：regretted　所填词由bitterly(副词)修饰，且由从句中had missed可知，此处动词应用其过去式。
7．It is ________ (disturb) to think about so much work to do.
答案：disturbing　disturbing “令人不安的”，在句中作表语。
8．The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's ________ (catch)．
答案：being caught　本句中，lead to后接名词或动名词(短语)，且the thief和catch之间存在被动关系，故填being caught，即动名词的被动结构，作lead to的宾语。
9．I am not ________ (satisfy) with the way he cut my hair.
答案：satisfied　be satisfied with ... 为固定短语，意为“对……感到满意”。
10．Though he is young, he is struggling ________ (support) a large family.
答案：to support　struggle to do sth. “努力做某事”。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．As the saying goes, “Hard work ________________ (导致) success.”
答案：leads to
2．The teachers were ________________ (满意) what we had done in the Culture Festival.
答案：satisfied with
3．__________________， he made great progress in learning Chinese.
专注于阅读，他在学习中文方面取得了很大进步。
答案：Focused on reading
4．_______________________________________________________________
通过这次活动，我们不仅学到了更多知识，而且开阔了视野。(equip ... with ... )
答案：Through this activity, not only were we equipped with more knowledge, but we also broadened our horizons.
5．_____________________________________________________________
由于这次体验，我们不仅提高了口语，而且对传统文化有了更好的了解。
答案：Thanks to the experience, not only have we improved our speaking skills, but we've also got a better understanding of our traditional culture.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·陕西省部分学校摸底检测)Many of my friends like fall and take it as their favorite season. Last weekend, I went outdoors and soon __1__ (find) a deeper appreciation for this season.
The change of leaf colors is a common reason given __2__ the love of fall. Each tree reacts __3__ (different) to the change of the season. Some shed their leaves in hopes of reproducing; however, other __4__ (tree) remain green for as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter. This effect __5__ (call) the flight­or­fight response.
Fall is a time of __6__ (reflect) and preparation for the year ahead. I have found a meaning of fall for me. I'm __7__ 18­year­old boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress. There are times I want to give up, but then I look around me and realize life keeps __8__ (move). The natural cycle of life is beautiful and doesn't stop growing so I have to learn to keep up.
The meaning of fall is different for each person. I encourage you __9__ (go) out to follow some path or sidewalk and discover __10__ fall means to you.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者喜欢秋天这个季节，它是作者反思和准备未来的时刻，让作者保持前进。
1．found　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“Last weekend”和and前面的“went”可知，此处叙述发生在过去的事，故填found。
2．for　考查介词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处用固定搭配the reason for ... “……的原因”，故填介词for。
3．differently　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处用副词修饰动词reacts，故填differently。
4．trees　考查名词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处other修饰名词复数，且谓语动词为复数，故填trees。
5．is called　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，主语“This effect”和“call”是被动关系，且此处描述的是一种客观情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is called。
6．reflection　考查词性转换。of是介词，后面接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语；再结合空格后的“preparation”可知，此处应填reflection。
7．an　考查冠词。此处泛指一个18岁的男孩，且所修饰单词的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。
8．moving　考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth.意为“一直做某事，继续做某事”，为固定用法，故填moving。
9．to go　考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”，为固定用法，故填to go。
10．what　考查宾语从句的连接词。根据语境且分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，故填what。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Mistakes are unavoidable in life. But attitudes towards it may make a difference.
I still remember how my spoken English was improved. In a beginning, I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid make mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out that I thought. Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraging, my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I must avoid them. I also joined in an English club to get more chances to speak. Practice made perfect. Now I can talk fluent in English.
Just as the saying goes, “Every bean has its black.” Don't afraid of making mistakes. Learn from mistakes, and success is just waiting for us.
答案：
Mistakes are unavoidable in life. But attitudes towards may make a difference.
I still remember how my spoken English was improved. In beginning, I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out I thought. Whenever I made mistakes and felt ， my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I avoid them. I also joined an English club to get more chances to speak. Practice perfect. Now I can talk in English.
Just as the saying goes, “Every bean has its black.” Don't afraid of making mistakes. Learn from mistakes, and success is just waiting for us.
难项分析：
第四处：that→what　考查宾语从句的连接词。分析该句结构可知，该句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句，what既作宾语从句的连接词，也作从句中及物动词thought的宾语，而that在宾语从句中不作成分，故将that改为what。
第六处：must→could　考查情态动词。根据语境可知，该句表示“帮我弄明白怎样才能避免这些错误”，作者回顾提高英语口语的过程，是过去发生的行为，故用could do sth.。
第十处：Don't后加be　考查祈使句。本句是祈使句的否定形式，句式结构为Don't do sth.，即Don't后要接动词原形，故要加be。

课时作业
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2020·河南省南阳一中高三第三次月考)“What's all this tree－planting for？” I was asked when I began writing about __1__ a piece of land I had bought in Somerset. The truth is, I just love trees. And I am not __2__ “As I get older, all I really __3__ is to plant trees，” Prince Charles says in a BBC documentary in which he is __4__ in the wood he planted on the day Prince George was born.
There are __5__ and wonderful trees in our cities and villages. They were planted, or self­sown, years, even centuries ago. We take them for granted, __6__ the creatures living among them, remain in ignorance of the __7__ trees are doing us (cleaning the air, for instance) and cut them down for new __8__. Yet we keep a feeling of __9__ for them. This may account for the __10__ the government faced in 2010 when it sought to sell off publicly owned woods, and for the wide support that the Woodland Trust (a tree­protecting charity) __11__.
Trees need __12__， which is why I, a city­resident, bought my Somerset woodland in 1999. At that time, climate change was already well proved, __13__ my hopes of planting long­lived oaks and pines gradually developed into anxiety about their __14__. Tree diseases new to the UK, wind, drought and flood were all __15__ against them.
But I did not __16__ things to move so fast. The woodland is still good, the new trees are growing like mad, but the creatures are __17__. The rabbits have disappeared and the owl has moved. The bees and butterflies are __18__ there but in smaller numbers. How can this happen on land __19__ pesticides (杀虫剂)? Surely, it indicates we need to give nature the chance to restore its own __20__. Meanwhile, I love my wood, and so do many of its visitors. And tree­planting has done wonders for restoring my balance town and country.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了树木给人带来的好处以及提出了自然界的平衡需要维系的观点。
1．A.replacing B．restoring
C．recycling D．returning
答案：B　replace “替代”；restore “恢复”；recycle “回收利用”；return “归还”。根据文章倒数第三句中的“restore”并结合选项和句意可知，此处指作者修复(restore)那片在萨默塞特购买的土地。故选B。
2．A.rich B．weak
C．alone D．social
答案：C　根据下文引用了Prince Charles的话——“我开始变老，我所想的就是种树”，可见他与作者有相同的观点，因而作者说自己not alone。故选C。
3．A.apply for B．wait for
C．make for D．long for
答案：D　apply for “申请”；wait for “等待”；make for “有助于”；long for “渴望”。结合语境及选项意思可知，此处表示唯一渴望的就是种树。故选D。
4．A.filmed B．tracked
C．reflected D．discovered
答案：A　film “拍摄”；track “追踪”；reflect “反射”；discover “发现”。根据 documentary(纪录片)可知，此处指BBC纪录片的拍摄。故选A。
5．A.holy B．young
C．mature D．mysterious
答案：C　holy “神圣的”；young “年轻的”；mature “成熟的”；mysterious “神秘的”。根据下文提到这些树生长在几年以前甚至几个世纪前，因而推测出这些树是成熟的(mature)。故选C。
6．A.raise B．watch
C．ignore D．abuse
答案：C　raise “上升”；watch “看”；ignore “忽略”；abuse “滥用”。分析句子结构，此处动词并列使用，意思相近，再结合句意“我们认为这些树是理所当然的……生活在其中的其他生物，忽视了树给我们带来的净化空气等好处……”可知，这里选择ignore。故选C。
7．A.honor B．good
C．credit D．justice
答案：B　honor “荣誉”；good “好处”；credit “信用”；justice “正义”。根据“clean the air” (净化空气)的举例可知，这里是表述树木的好处。故选B。
8．A.use B．spirit
C．life D．hope
答案：A　结合语境可知，人们忽视树木的好处，为了新的用途(use)而砍树。故选A。
9．A.trust B．sadness
C．betrayal D．affection
答案：D　trust “信任”；sadness “悲伤”；betrayal “背叛”；affection “喜爱”。根据yet表示转折，上文写我们忽视了树木给我们带来的好处，砍伐它们，然而我们内心对树木还是有喜爱之情的。故选D。
10．A.approval B．opposition
C．option D．dilemma
答案：B　approval “支持”；opposition “反对”；option “选择”；dilemma “困境”。上文提到对树木的喜爱，这里应该是反对政府卖树。故选B。
11．A.wins B．rejects
C．requires D．withdraws
答案：A　win “赢”；reject “拒绝”；require “要求”；withdraw “撤退”。因为获得了wide support所以Woodland Trust (树木保护组织)赢了。故选A。
12．A.space B．time
C．company D．nutrition
答案：A　space “空间”；time “时间”；company “公司”；nutrition “营养”。作者在1999年买下萨默塞特林地是因为树木生长需要空间(space)。故选A。
13．A.since B．for
C．yet D．so
答案：D　since “自从”；for “因为”；yet “但是”；so “因此”。句意：气候变化已经得到了很好的证明，所以我种植长寿的橡树和松树的希望逐渐变成了焦虑。前后表示因果关系。故选D。
14．A.benefits B．chances
C．location D．appearance
答案：B　benefit “益处”；chance “机会”；location “位置”；appearance “外表”。由于气候的变化以及下一句提到的各种灾害，作者想种一些寿命长的橡树、松树的愿望逐渐变成了对它们是否有生长机会的忧虑。故选B。
15．A.piling up B．speeding up
C．keeping up D．mixing up
答案：A　pile up “堆积”；speed up “加速”；keep up “保持”；mix up “混合”。狂风、干旱、洪水共同聚集来阻碍树木生长。故选A。
16．A.wish B．intend
C．allow D．expect
答案：D　expect “期待；预料”。根据下文内容可知，林地发展之快是作者意料之外的事。故选D。
17．A.in place B．in order
C．in decline D．in question
答案：C　in place “适当的”；in order “整齐”；in decline “下降”；in question “考虑中的”。上文提到树木在疯长，由but转折可知生物的数量应该在减少(in decline)。故选C。
18．A.even B．still
C．ever D．once
答案：B　根据but转折可知，蜜蜂和蝴蝶只有很少的数量，但仍然有。故选B。
19．A.short of B．sick of
C．free of D．full of
答案：C　short of “缺乏”；sick of “厌恶”；free of “摆脱”；full of “充满”。句意：我们如何让这片土地上的生物摆脱杀虫剂呢？故选C。
20．A.glory B．function
C．impact D．balance
答案：D　glory “荣誉”；function “功能”；impact “影响”；balance “平衡”。根据最后一句提到restoring my balance可知，我们要给自然机会去维持自身的平衡。故选D。
Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2020·贵阳市普通高中高三年级摸底考试)
Alabama: Priester's Pecans
Dessert in the South basically starts and ends with a gooey pecan pie, especially in Alabama, where the pecan is the official state nut. While there are plenty of farms that pick and package pecans, perhaps the most famous is Priester's, a family－run business that has been supplying Alabama with its favorite nuts for over seven decades.
Alaska: Salmon Jerky
Forget beef jerky (肉干)—in Alaska, it's all about the salmon jerky. Home to five different species of the flavorful fish (king, red, pink, silver, and chum), the northernmost state produces nearly one－third of the wild salmon consumed around the world. Bonus: Salmon is one of the seven healthiest fish you can eat.
Arizona: Saguaro Cactuses
As the largest cactus (仙人掌) in the United States, the saguaro cactus is found only in Arizona's Sonoran Desert. Living to be up to 200 years old, the cactuses, whose flower is also the state's flower, are generally around 30 feet tall and can grow unlimited arms. Want to see for yourself? Visit one of these 10 outstanding deserts in America.
California: The Wine Guide
It isn't called the “Wine Country” for no reason. Northern California, specifically Napa Valley and Sonoma Valley, produces over 60,000 registered wine labels, making vino the state's most valuable agricultural product. If you're looking for the most popular varietals (品种葡萄酒), the top two frequently planted grapes are Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国四个州的特产，包括阿拉巴马州的Priester农场的山核桃，阿拉斯加州的鲑鱼干和亚利桑那州的巨柱仙人掌以及加利福尼亚州的葡萄酒。
1．How long has the Priester's farm lasted?
A．Over 7 years. B．Over 30 years.
C．Over 70 years. D．Over 200 years.
答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段尾句中的“Priester's, a family－run business ... for over seven decades”可知，Priester农场有70多年的历史，故C项正确。
2．Which state is famous for salmon?
A．Alaska. B．Arizona.
C．Alabama. D．California.
答案：A　细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“salmon”定位至Alaska: Salmon Jerky部分，根据该部分前两句可知，阿拉斯加州以鲑鱼而闻名，故A项正确。
3．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A library guide. B．A news report.
C．A project handbook. D．A travel guide.
答案：D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国四个州的特产。据此可推知，本文最可能摘自旅游手册，故D项正确。

(2020·辽宁省五校协作体高三上学期联合模拟考试)In a long－sleeved shirt and jeans, Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer. The 30－year－old owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.
“You need more role models，” he said, standing among knee－high rows of chilli (辣椒) plants. “If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can't I do that？’”
Mr Twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friend's tomato farm six years ago for $150. He made $1,500 back in two months. “You have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，” he said.
Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fields—a job made tougher by climate change.
But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agriculture's image on the continent more attractive. Some 1,000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own, and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain, the United States, India, and Kenya.
Africa has the world's youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land (耕地后备资源). Yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.
“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda. She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old－fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe. “Show young people tractors, green fields, nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.
Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm. For example, in coffee production, the beans go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks (外壳)．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候与农业技术的落后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业。Dieudonne Twahirwa则为非洲青年树立了榜样。
4．What does “Why can't I do that？” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Why can't I drive to the farm?
B．Why can't they farm?
C．They follow the example of those farmers.
D．They bought a friend's tomato farm.
答案：C　句意理解题。根据第二段中的“If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can't I do that？’”可知，此处表示如果你有年轻的农民，他们有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想，为什么“我”不能那样做？该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿这些农民的做法。故选C。
5．What makes it harder for farmers to work?
A．Poor land. B．Climate.
C．Low income. D．Long working hours.
答案：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“a job made tougher by climate change”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的原因在于气候变化。故选B。
6．What can we learn about Twahirwa according to Paragraph 5?
A．He made a fortune by growing chillies.
B．His chillies are superb in the world.
C．Farmers working for him live a simple life.
D．The locals aren't willing to buy his chillies.
答案：A　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Some 1,000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，Twahirwa通过种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。
7．When it comes to agriculture in Africa, what do people think about it?
A．Loans are difficult.
B．Most land is uncultivated.
C．Crop yields are rather low.
D．Farming methods are out of date.
答案：D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old－fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可推知，当谈及非洲的农业时，人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。
Ⅲ.短文改错
Last summer, I got a part­time job as a waiter. I worked hard and very helpful. Everyone in a restaurant including some regular customer liked me. One day, a foreign couple in their fifties entered into the restaurant. I was happy to have a chance to practice their spoken English. I went up to greet them warm. After I took their order, I told them their food will be served quickly because we Chinese respect the elderly. After heard my words, a look of displeasure appeared on the wife's face. Seeing my confusing look, her husband explained to me the Westerners disliked the description “old”. I apologized to them but realized the importance of knowing cultural differences.
答案：
Last summer, I got a part­time job as a waiter. I worked hard and very helpful. Everyone in restaurant including some regular liked me. One day, a foreign couple in their fifties entered the restaurant. I was happy to have a chance to practice spoken English. I went up to greet them . After I took their order, I told them their food be served quickly because we Chinese respect the elderly. After my words, a look of displeasure appeared on the wife's face. Seeing my look, her husband explained to me the Westerners disliked the description “old”. I apologized to them realized the importance of knowing cultural differences.
1．very前加was　考查谓语动词。helpful “有帮助的”，and连接两个并列的谓语，根据and前的worked可知，应在very前加was。
2．a→the　考查冠词。前面提到自己做服务员， 所以restaurant特指自己工作的那家餐馆，其前应用定冠词the。故将a改为the。
3．customer→customers　考查名词。customer “顾客”，为可数名词，其前有some修饰，因此应用复数形式。故将customer改为customers。
4．去掉into　考查动词的用法。enter意为“进入”时为及物动词，不与into连用。故将into去掉。
5．their→my　考查代词。主语是I，此处指“我很高兴有机会练习一下我的英语口语”。故将their改为my。
6．warm→warmly　考查副词。修饰动词greet应用副词。故将warm改为warmly。
7．will→would　考查情态动词。根据主句谓语动词told可知，从句应用一般过去时。故将will改为would。
8．heard→hearing　考查非谓语动词。after为介词，其后应接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。故将heard改为hearing。
9．confusing→confused　考查形容词。此处描述作者脸上“困惑的表情”，应用confused，意为“感到困惑的”。故将confusing改为confused。
10．but→and　考查连词。realized和前面的apologized是并列谓语，在逻辑上是顺承关系，应用连词and连接。故将but改为and。