2019届北京四中高考热身测试英语试卷(3)

2019年高考热身测试

英    语            2019.5

本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

XICHANG, March 10 (Xinhua) — With a Long March-3B rocket putting a new communication satellite into orbit on Sunday, China’s Long March carrier rocket series completed 300 launches,   1  (send) more than 500 spacecraft into space since 1970.

It took 37 years for the Long March rockets to complete the first 100 launches, 7.5 years to complete the   2  (two) 100 launches, and only about four years to accomplish the final 100,   3   the average number of launches per year increasing from 2.7 to 13.3 and then to 23.5.

“Intensive launches have become normal in China, indicating the rapid   4  (develop) of the space industry, the progress of science and technology and the enhancement of national strength,” said Shang Zhi, director of the Space Department of the CASC.

B

The International Horticultural Exhibition(世园会) 2019 Beijing China is the world first-class horticultural expo recognized by the International Exhibitions Bureau, hosted by the Chinese government and undertaken by the Beijing Municipality. It’ll be held from April 29th to October 7th in Yanqing District, Beijing, this year. At present, the   5        (prepare) for the Beijing Expo 2019 have entered the final decisive stage,   6   it is expected to become an international horticultural expo with the largest exhibition scale, the most exhibitors and the   7  (wide) influence.

C

The first-ever image of a black hole, a joint effort of more than 200 astronomers worldwide,   8  (include) 16 from the Chinese mainland, was released   9   April 10.

It took an international scientific team to capture the image,   10   was announced through coordinated news conferences around the world.

第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Growing roots

When I was growing up, I had an old neighbor named Dr. Gibbs. He didn’t look like any doctor I’d   11   known. When Dr. Gibbs wasn’t   12   lives, he was planting trees.

The good doctor had some   13   theories on planting trees. He believed in “No pains, no gains”. He never   14   his new trees, which was   15   many people. Once I asked why. He   16   that watering plants spoiled them, and that if you water them, each following tree generation will   17   weaker and weaker. So you have to make things   18   for them. He talked about how watering trees   19   shallow roots, and how trees that weren’t watered had to grow deep roots in   20   of water. I came to understand that he meant deep roots were to be   21  . I planted a couple of trees a few years back and I took good care of them. Two years of   22   has resulted in trees that expect to be waited on hand and foot. Whenever a cold wind blows, they   23   and tremble their branches. Funny things about those trees of Dr. Gibbs’. The lack of water seemed to   24   them in ways comfort and ease never could.

I used to   25   for my sons that their lives will be easy. But   26   I’ve been thinking that it’s time to   27   my prayer. I know my children are going to meet    28  , and I’m praying they will be strong. The prayer for comfort is seldom met. What we need to do is to pray for deep roots,   29   when the winds blow, they won’t be   30   away.

11. A. even    B. ever       C. never     D. hardly

12. A. valuing   B. making   C. enjoying     D. saving

13. A. exciting   B. dull        C. interesting   D. terrible

14. A. watered   B. raised   C. loved     D. sheltered

15. A. against   B. beyond   C. within    D. from

16. A. wondered   B. answered      C. doubted     D. guessed

17. A. grow    B. change          C. appear            D. show

18. A. harmful   B. favorable   C. tough     D. wonderful

19. A. made for      B. head for      C. allow for    D. care for

20. A. charge     B. favor         C. honor    D. search

21. A. treasured   B. challenged  C. respected    D. liked

22. A. education   B. information      C. preparation        D. devotion

23. A. dance     B. shake    C. spread    D. lift

24. A. harm    B. raise    C. benefit    D. hurt

25. A. pray     B. apply    C. stand     D. call

26. A. perfectly   B. formally      C. obviously    D. lately

27. A. attend     B. say       C. change       D. keep

28. A. hardships   B. worries     C. bosses      D. jobs

29. A. or           B. so      C. and         D. but

30. A. given      B. sent       C. broken    D. swept

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Dear Dad,

Today I was at the shopping mall and I spent a lot of time reading the Father’s Day cards. They all had a special message that in some way or another reflected how I feel about you. Yet as I selected and read, it occurred to me that not a single card said what I really want to say to you.

You’ll soon be 84 years old, Dad, and you and I will have had 55 Father’s Days together. I haven’t always been with you on Father’s Day but I’ve always been with you in my heart.

You know, Dad, there was a time when we were separated by the generation gap. You stood on one side of the Great Divide and I on the other.

The Father-Daughter Duel shifted into high gear(档位) when you taught me to drive the old Dodge and I decided I would drive the '54 Chevy whether you liked it or not. The police officer who sent me home after you reported the Chevy stolen didn’t have much tolerance for a stubborn 16-year-old, while you were so tolerant about it, Dad, and I think that was probably what made it the worst night of my life.

Our relationship greatly improved when I married a man you liked, and things really turned around when we began making babies right and left. Somewhere along the line, the generation gap disappeared. I suppose I saw us and our relationship as aging together, rather like a fine wine.

But the strangest thing happened last week. I was at a stop sign and I watched as you turned the corner in your car. It didn’t immediately occur to me that it was you because the man driving looked so elderly and fragile behind the wheel of that huge car. It was rather like a slap in the face delivered from out of nowhere. Perhaps I saw your age for the first time that day.

I guess what I’m trying to say, Dad, is what every son and daughter wants to say to their Dad today. Honoring a father on Father’s Day is about respect and sharing and acceptance and tolerance and giving and taking. It’s about loving someone more than words can say, and it’s wishing that it never had to end.

I love you, Dad.

                                 Love,

                   Jenny

31. How did Jenny probably feel on the night she was sent home by the police?

A. Disappointed.      B. Nervous.   C. Guilty.  D. Frightened.

32. We can learn from the passage that Jenny and her father _______.

A. kept in touch by writing each other

B. are separated due to the generation gap

C. have been getting along very well

D. had a hard time understanding each other

33. Why did Jenny feel strange when she saw her father last week?

A. She seldom saw him driving that huge car.

B. She had never realized his being old and weak.

C. She didn’t expect to meet with him there.

D. She had never seen him driving so slowly before.

34. Jenny wrote his father this letter to _______.

A. tell him about their conflicts        B. say sorry for her being stubborn

C. express her gratitude to him          D. remind him of the early incident

B

35. Why is Quebec the ideal location for learning and practicing French?

   A. It offers summer French programs.

   B. It is the only major city in Canada.

   C. It has a Summer French Language School.

   D. It has a 100% French-speaking environment.

36. If a boy is 18 and loves computer science, which summer camp suits him best?

   A. LMFL.    B. FLC.     C. EI.     D. RC.

37. It can be learned from the passage that _______.

A. RC helps kids improve their horse-riding skills

   B. kids can enjoy one-to-one training at LMFL

C. kids can stay at French host families at EI

D. FLC was founded in 1997 in France

C

Question: My ninth-grade art teacher doesn’t give any grade above 94% because, she says, “There’s always room for improvement.” In previous years, I earned a 99% and a 100%. The 94% I received this term does not reflect the hard work that I put into this course. Because of her “improvement” theory, I got a lower grade than I deserve. Is her grading philosophy morally correct?

Answer: Your teacher’s grading system may be unwise, but it is not morally wrong. A teacher deserves wide latitude in selecting the method of grading that best promotes learning in her classroom; that is, after all, the prime function of grades. It is she who has the training and experience to make this decision.

You can criticize her methodology. A 100 need not imply that there is no possibility of improvement, only that a student successfully completed the course work. A ninth grader could get a well-earned 100 in English class but still has a way to go before he writes as well as Jane Austen. What’s more, grades are not only an educational device but are also part of a screening system to help assign(分配) kids to their next class or program. By capping her grades at 94 while most other teachers grade on a scale that tops out at 100, your teacher could risk making a student lose a chance of getting a scholarship or getting into a top college.

What it is wrong to condemn her for is overlooking your hard work. Your hard work is worthy of encouragement, but effort does not equal accomplishment. If scholars suddenly discovered that Rembrandt had dashed off The Night Watch in an afternoon, it would still be The Night Watch.

I could spend months sweating over my own “paintings”, but I’d produce something you wouldn’t want to hang in your living room or your garage.

One feature of a good grading system is that those measured by it generally regard it as fair and reasonable — not the case here. Strong feeling of anger is seldom an aid to education. And so your next step should be to discuss your concerns with your teacher or the principal.

38. When writing the question, the ninth-grader was _______.

A. annoyed       B. worried       C. excited     D. delighted

39. The underlined word “latitude” in Paragraph 2 probably means _______.

   A. difference      B. knowledge   C. freedom    D. experience

40. Rembrandt’s painting is mentioned to show that _______.

A. there’s difference between effort and achievement 

B. The Night Watch was completed in half a day

C. everybody’s hard work should be encouraged

D. one is to blame for doing the work in a hurry

41. What is the author’s attitude towards the grading system of the ninth-grader’s teacher?

A. Supportive.  B. Confused.   C. Unconcerned.  D. Unfavorable.

D

We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too. In one experiment, for example, behavioral immunologist(免疫学家) Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks to 24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the current by turning a wheel in their enclosure, while the other half could not. The rats in the two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shock. Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity. What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event, not the experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.

　　Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke University School of Medicine, has shown that animals who are allowed to control unpleasant stimuli(刺激) don’t develop sleep disturbances or changes in brain chemistry typical of stressed rats. But if the animals are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control. Such findings reinforce psychologists’ suspicions that the experience or perception of helplessness is one of the most harmful factors in depression.

One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned (使形成条件反射) mice to avoid saccharin(糖精) by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets. Associating the saccharin with the stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener. In order to extinguish this dislike for the sweetener, Ader reexposed the animals to saccharin, this time without the drug, and was astonished to find that those mice that had received the highest amounts of sweetener during their earlier conditioning died. He could only speculate that he had so successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now served to weaken their immune systems enough to kill them.

42. Laudenslager’s experiment showed that the immune system of those rats who could turn off the electricity _______.

　　A. was strengthened     B. was not affected

　　C. was altered      D. was weakened

43. The reason why the mice in Ader’s experiment avoided saccharin was that _______.

　　A. they disliked its taste    B. it affected their immune systems

　　C. it led to stomach pains    D. they associated it with stomachaches

44. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader’s experiment was that _______.

　　A. they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharin

　　B. the sweetener was poisonous to them

　　C. their immune systems had been altered by the mind

　　D. they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning

45. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals _______.

　　A. can be weakened by conditioning

　　B. can be suppressed by drug injections

　　C. can be affected by frequent doses of saccharin

　　D. can be altered by electric shocks

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

To someone stuck in a traffic jam, the ability to fly right over other cars seems like a dream.   46   That may be changing. Nearly a dozen companies around the globe are competing to be the first to develop a flying car. One of the ideas being developed is a car with wings that unfold for flight. But, most aren’t cars at all. They are more like helicopters and are operated by a battery-powered motor.

  47   Companies have to convince the government that the flying cars are safe. They will also need longer-lasting batteries. And, cities will have to figure out how to handle thousands of flying cars in the sky.

Still, some companies are moving forward.   48   Especially as cities grow more crowded and people spend more time stuck in traffic. These taxis would deliver passengers to the rooftops of office buildings during rush hours.

“In as little as 10 years, products could be on the market that revolutionize urban travel for millions of people,” said Zach Lovering. He is the leader of a project to develop a self-flying taxi for Airbus, a European company that makes airplanes.   49    Although Uber doesn’t have any plans to develop a flying car itself, the company is advising several companies that are developing them.

  50   Designers think that if enough people want to buy them, prices can be kept affordable.

A. Some flying cars are designed for human pilots.

B. It’s still unclear how much flying cars will cost.

C. They see a need for “air taxis” and personally owned flying cars.

D. Companies will also have to get permission from the government.

E. The Uber ride-share company sees air taxis as the future of on-call transportation.

F. Inventors and business people tried to make flying cars, but have never been able to.

G. There are many challenges that could keep flying cars from becoming part of everyday life.

第三部分：书面表达 (共两节，35分)

第一节（15分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中询问北京近几年的变化。请你根据以下要点进行回复。内容包括：

1．变化是什么；

2．对你的影响；

3．期待朋友来北京。

  注意： 1. 词数不少于50；

     2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节（20分）

    假设你是红星中学高三（1）班学生李华。为迎接建国70周年，上个月学校组织了“祖国在我心中”主题知识竞赛。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你和同学们参加活动的完整过程，并以“A Significant Event”为题，给校刊“英语角”投稿。词数不少于60。

（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

2019年高考热身测试

英语参考答案

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）          

第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

1. having sent        2. second       3. with         4. development

5. preparations         6. and       7. widest  8. including

9. on           10. which

第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

11-15 BDCAB   16-20 BACAD   21-25 ADBCA   26-30 DCABD

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

31-35 CDBCD   36-40 DBACA    41-45 DBDCA     46-50 FGCEB

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节 （15分）

One possible version:

Dear Jim,

It’s so nice to hear from you. Knowing that you want to learn about the changes in Beijing these years, I’m more than willing to tell you.

In the past few years, great changes have indeed taken place in Beijing. To start with, Beijing boasts itself as a more and more international city with many big international events like Olympic Games held here. More and more foreign companies are set here which bring in more foreign people working and living here. Besides, there are more roads and subways built or being built, which relieved the problem of traffic jams in this busy capital. Shared bikes have become popular in Beijing as well. Speaking of the problem of air pollution, many measures like traffic control, using electricity or gas as fuel instead of coal…have been taken, which turn out well.

I am taking in all the advantages of all those changes as I am now riding a shared bike to school every day, breathing fresh air as well as keeping my body fit. You must have sensed my progress in my English wording, since I enjoy talking with my foreign teacher and learn from him in my Oral English Class.

Anyway, I can’t wait to have you here to witness all those changes yourself. Come, and you will be stunned.

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节（20分）

One possible version:

    A Significant Event

Last month, our school organized a knowledge contest entitled “Motherland in My Heart”, which proved to be a significant event.

After the teacher announced the news, everyone was eager to participate. As we knew the victory required careful preparation, we spent the following days working on it. We surfed the Internet about the changes in different aspects, including economy, culture, technology, and so on. We also invited an expert to deliver a lecture on the development of our country during the past 70 years. Having learnt about these achievements, we felt so proud of our country and became more motivated for the contest. Finally came the big day. The competition was fierce because every team was well-prepared. My classmates and I went to great lengths and we answered every question confidently. After a few rounds, our team finally won the top prize. Holding the trophy and flowers, we cheered for our success with great joy.

We not only felt satisfied with our team effort, but also learned much more about the significant changes in China.