浙江省台州市2020届高三11月选考科目教学质量评估英语试题


浙江省台州市2019-2020学年高三11月选考科目
教学质量评估英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。第Ⅰ卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至 10页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题部分
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题 和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?
A. In a pet shop. B. Outside the house. C. In the living room.
2. How much does the pie cost now?
A. $4. B. $6. C. $10
3. What do the speakers think of the classic literature class?
A. Difficult B. Boring C. Interesting.
4. What does the man mean?
A. He dislikes crowds. B. He does not maid waiting. C. He will call the waiter
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Phone bills. B. Mistakes online. C. The man’s company.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读 各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student.
7. Why is the woman going to school?
A. It’s her first day of high school.
B. She just got a new full-time job.
C. She’s filling in for a regular teacher.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What will the woman do on Monday?
A. Eat dinner with her husband.
B. Have barbeque with her sister.
C. Enjoy a jazz concert with friends.
9. What might Jupiter be?
A. A cafe. B. A restaurant. C. A performance hall.
10. When will the man arrive at the restaurant?
A. Around 6:45 p.m. B. Around 6:30 p.m. C. Around 6:00 p.m.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the daily rent of $45 include?
A. Gas. B. Fire damage. C. Third-party insurance.
12. When will the man pick up the car?
A. In the morning. B. Around noon. C. In the evening.
13. What information does the woman ask for last?
A. The man’s credit card. B. The man’s name and age. C. The man’s driver’s license.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Who is the man?
A. Megan’s teacher. B. Megan’s father. C. Megan’s classmate.
15. What does the woman say about Megan?
A. She is seriously sick.
B. She often skips class.
C. She doesn’t speak much in class.
16. What did some kids do that hurt Megan’s feelings?
A. They stole her phone.
B They ignored her at lunch.
C. They made fun of her appearance.
17. What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. Buy Megan a new blouse.
B. Make an apology to Megan.
C. Write some good comments on Facebook.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Which city had the highest temperature today?
A. Oakdale. B. Santa Rosa. C. Pleasant Hill.
19. What should people probably take with them outdoors this weekend?
A. Raincoats. B. Sunglasses. C. Gloves.
20. What will the weather be like in the following months?
A. Cool. B. Mild. C. Hot.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Olympic National Park, with its temperate rainforests and breath-taking views, exerts a natural pull on many Pacific Northwestemers. But Seattle writer Rosette Royale found it repellent. To Royale, the park seemed like a damp, dirty and unpleasant place. “I couldn’t figure out why anyone would want to carry a 50-pound pack into the wilderness and camp there for days,” he said. “It didn’t make sense.”
Then he met Bryant Carlin, a vendor (小贩) for Real Change, the Seattle weekly sold on the street by vendors who are homeless or low-wage earners. He was also a skilled outdoorsman and a nature photographer who would take weeks-long photographic journeys to the park. The two men connected in the fall of 2011 when Royale interviewed Carlin for a feature story in Real Change about Carlin’s photography.
That first time they met—and for years afterward—Carlin invited Royale to go camping with him. Each time, Royale said “Thanks, but no thanks.” Until one day, in the spring of 2015, Royale surprised himself by saying yes. “Little did I know,” said Royale, “that saying ‘yes’ would change the course of my life.”
Royale and Carlin went on five separate journeys to the Olympic wilderness. They camped in spring, summer, fall and winter. For Royale, the trips were exhausting and terrifying. But the trips were also inspiring, and helped Royale—a black, strange man—to develop a relationship with the outdoors that he had never experienced before.
For Carlin, the trips were an opportunity to throw off the label of “homeless”. In Olympic National Park, sleeping outside just means you’re a camper. But there was one aspect of Carlin’s life in the city that he couldn’t escape: alcohol abuse. While he never brought beer on their camping journeys, the effects of years of drinking weren’t so easy to leave behind.
1. What does the underlined word “repellent” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Appealing. B. Puzzling.
C. Rewarding. D. Disgusting.
2. According to Royale, what made his life course changed?
A. His first meeting with Carlin. B. His rejection of Carlin’s invitation.
C. His camping trips with Carlin. D. His reading of Carlin’s feature story.
3. What did the trips with Royale mean to Carlin?
A. They improved his photography skills.
B. They helped him feel a sense of belonging.
C. They deepened his relationship with nature.
D. They enabled him to get rid of alcohol addiction.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了罗亚尔和卡林的奥林匹克国家公园露营之旅对各自产生的意义。
【1题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段To Royale, the park seemed like a damp, dirty and unpleasant place.（对罗亚尔来说，公园似乎是一个潮湿、肮脏和令人不快的地方。）由此可知，But Seattle writer Rosette Royale found it repellent.的意思是但西雅图作家罗亚尔却发现它是令人厌恶的。A. Appealing. 吸引人的；B. Puzzling. 令人迷惑的；C. Rewarding. 有益的；D. Disgusting. 令人厌恶的。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Little did I know,” said Royale, “that saying ‘yes’ would change the course of my life.”（ “我不知道，”罗亚尔说，“说‘是’会改变我的人生轨迹。”）可知，罗亚尔认为，是他和卡林的露营之旅改变了他的人生轨迹。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段For Carlin, the trips were an opportunity to throw off the label of “homeless”.（对卡林来说，这些旅行是一个摆脱“无家可归”标签的机会。）推断出，与罗亚尔的旅行对卡林意味着它们帮助他感到一种归属感。故选B。
B
Recently, as the British doctor Robert Winston took a train from London to Manchester, he found himself having to listen to a loud conversation of a fellow passenger woman. Boiling with anger, Winston took her picture and sent it to his more than 40,000 followers on the Tweet. By the time the train reached the station in Manchester, some journalists were waiting for the woman. And when they showed her the doctor's messages, she used just one word to describe Winston's actions: rude.
Winston's tale is a good example of increasing rudeness, fueled by social media in our age. Studies show that rudeness spreads quickly and virally, almost like the common cold. Just witnessing rudeness makes it far more likely that we, in turn, will be rude later on. Once infected, we are more aggressive, less creative and worse at our jobs. The only way out is to make a conscious decision to do so. We must have the courage to call it out, face to face. We must say, "Just stop." For Winston, that would have meant approaching the woman, telling her that her conversation was frustrating other passengers and politely asking her to speak more quietly or make the call at another time.
The anger we feel at the rude behavior of a stranger can drive us to do out-of-place things. Research discovered that the acts of revenge (报复) people had taken ranged from the ridiculous to the disturbing. Winston did shine a spotlight on the woman's behavior—but in a way that shamed her.
When we see rudeness occur in public places, we must step up and say something. And we can do it with grace, by handling it without a bit of aggression and without being rude ourselves. Because once rude people can see their actions through the eyes of others, they are far more likely to end the rudeness themselves. As this wave of rudeness rises, civilization needs civility (举止文明).
4. Robert Winston’s reaction to the woman’ behavior at the train can be described as ________.
A. a way of returning good for evil B. an answer to the call of the journalists
C. a good example of stopping rudeness D. an act of answering rudeness with rudeness
5. Being infected with rudeness can possibly lead to ________.
A. wiser decisions B. more frustrated passengers
C. poorer work performance D. more face-to-face communication
6. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. What to say to a rude person. B. Civilization Calls for Civility.
C. How to Fix Rudeness Spread Online D. Rude Behavior Makes a Rude Man
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了当我们看到在公共场所发生粗鲁行为时，我们该说些什么。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Boiling with anger, Winston took her picture and sent it to his more than 40,000 followers on the Tweet.（温斯顿怒火中烧，拍下了她的照片，并发送给他在推特上的4万多名粉丝。）和And when they showed her the doctor's messages, she used just one word to describe Winston's actions: rude.（当他们给她看医生的留言时，她只用一个词来形容温斯顿的行为:粗鲁。）推断出，罗伯特·温斯顿对这名女子在火车上的行为的反应，可以说是以粗鲁回应粗鲁。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段Once infected, we are more aggressive, less creative and worse at our jobs.（一旦被感染，我们会变得更有攻击性，创造力更差，工作表现也更差。）可知，被无礼行为感染可能会导致工作表现不佳。故选C。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。最后一段When we see rudeness occur in public places, we must step up and say something. And we can do it with grace, by handling it without a bit of aggression and without being rude ourselves.（当我们看到在公共场所发生粗鲁行为时，我们必须站出来说点什么。我们可以优雅地处理它，不带一点攻击性，也不粗鲁地对待自己。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了当我们看到在公共场所发生粗鲁行为时，我们该说些什么。A选项“对粗鲁的人说什么”是最合适的题目，故选A。
【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第2小题，根据第二段Once infected, we are more aggressive, less creative and worse at our jobs.（一旦被感染，我们会变得更有攻击性，创造力更差，工作表现也更差。）由此可知，被无礼行为感染可能会导致工作表现不佳。故选C。
C
California has been facing droughts for many years, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted (抽取). The team at Stanford investigated the aquifers (地下蓄水层) below this depth and found that reserves may be three times what was previously thought.
It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3,000 feet below the ground, which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern is the gradual setting down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is pressed by the weight of the earth above.
Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating (脱盐) the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where possible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.
One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some water may even need to be desalinated after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the study of groundwater has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.
7. According to the text, what causes the water crisis in California?
A Previous drilling of wells. B. The messy distribution system.
C. Constant droughts in the area. D. The adoption of new pumping practices.
8. The research teams think it ________ to extract water from deeper aquifers.
A. expensive but practical B. reliable and profitable
C. cost-free but demanding D. cheap and environment-friendly
9. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?
A. The damage to aquifers. B. The sinking of land surface.
C. The decrease in operation costs. D. The negative effects on the climate.
10. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To encourage people to save water.
B. To promote the seawater desalination.
C. To introduce a new way of extracting freshwater.
D. To draw people’s attention to the droughts in California.
【答案】7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了新的研究发现，加州的深层水储备可能有助于解决它们的干旱危机，作者介绍了一种提取淡水的新方法。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段California has been facing droughts for many years, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution system.（加州多年来一直面临干旱，某些地区甚至不得不向数百英里外的分配系统输送淡水）可知，该地区持续的干旱导致了加州的水危机。故选C。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating (脱盐) the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where possible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.（尽管从这样的深度抽水很昂贵，但它仍然比在这个以沿海为主的州淡化海水便宜。一些海水淡化厂在可能的地方存在，但它们的运营成本很高，需要经常维修。水井是更可靠的淡水来源，加州希望这些深井能解决严重的水资源短缺问题）推断出，研究小组认为从深层含水层中提取水是昂贵但实用的。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段The biggest concern is the gradual setting down of the land surface.（最大的问题是地面的逐渐下沉）可知，从地下深处取水的结果是地表下沉。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted (抽取). The team at Stanford investigated the aquifers (地下蓄水层) below this depth and found that reserves may be three times what was previously thought.（以前的钻井只能达到1000英尺的深度，但由于新的抽水方法，现在可以提取比这更深的水。斯坦福大学的研究小组调查了低于这个深度的含水层，发现储量可能是之前设想的三倍）可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一种提取淡水的新方法。故选C。
第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are many things we remember from our childhood—the games we played, the music we listened tobut what about earning pocket money? This was our first ever wage for completing tasks such as tidying our bedroom or sorting the laundry. Our reward was a handful of coins that we safely stored. ___11___
There was a time when cash was the main currency for financial transactions (交易). These days, though, using credit cards, or making cashless payments, are the most convenient ways of paying. ____12____ Research has found that 84% of British parents currently give notes and coins to their children—usually 7 pounds a week as an allowance.
But banks predict that by 2028 only one in ten transactions will be with cash, and that is something today’s children will have to deal with. One issue is that children may not understand the value of cash because they never see it. ____13____ They either should find a new way to hand out pocket money, or needn’t bother to pay it at all.
Still, solutions are available. Giving children lessons at school about finance is important. ____14____ The trick is to go and get some coins so that children have the opportunity to interact with them. Besides, bank accounts for older children can be opened to give them cash cards to use. Whatever method a parent chooses to adopt, their children will get some idea of the value of pocket money. ___15___
A. Parents face a dilemma too.
B. This, in turn, makes the buying much easier.
C. They have completely taken the place of cash.
D. So how do parents hand out pocket money at present?
E. But parents need to teach their kids that money doesn’t grow on trees!
F. But now, it seems that parents’ attitude to handing out cash is changing.
G. And parents are advised to get children started with money as young as possible.
【答案】11. F 12. D
13. A 14. G
15. E
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章作者对于父母选择采用什么方法来让他们的孩子知道零花钱的价值这一问题，给出了一些建议。
【11题详解】
上文Our reward was a handful of coins that we safely stored.我们得到的回报是安全存放的一把硬币。该空承接上文，F选项“但现在，家长们对发放现金的态度似乎正在改变”切题，故选F。
【12题详解】
上文These days, though, using credit cards, or making cashless payments, are the most convenient ways of paying. 然而，如今使用信用卡或无现金支付是最方便的支付方式。下文Research has found that 84% of British parents currently give notes and coins to their children—usually 7 pounds a week as an allowance.研究发现，84%的英国父母目前会给他们的孩子纸币和硬币——通常每周7英镑作为零用钱。该空承上启下，D选项“那么现在父母是怎么给孩子零花钱的呢?”切题，故选D。
【13题详解】
上文One issue is that children may not understand the value of cash because they never see it. 一个问题是，孩子们可能不理解现金的价值，因为他们从未见过它。下文They either should find a new way to hand out pocket money, or needn’t bother to pay it at all.他们要么应该找到一种发放零花钱的新方法，要么根本不需要花钱。该空承上启下，A选项“父母们也面临着两难的境地。”切题，故选A。
【14题详解】
上文Giving children lessons at school about finance is important. 在学校给孩子们上金融课很重要。下文 The trick is to go and get some coins so that children have the opportunity to interact with them.窍门是去拿一些硬币，这样孩子们就有机会和它们互动。该空承上启下，G选项“父母们被建议让孩子们在尽可能小的时候就开始赚钱。”切题，故选G。
【15题详解】
上文Whatever method a parent chooses to adopt, their children will get some idea of the value of pocket money.无论父母选择采用什么方法，他们的孩子都会知道零花钱的价值。该空承接上文，E选项“但是父母需要教育他们的孩子，钱不是从天上掉下来的!”切题，故选E。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Liz Woodward worked as a waitress at the Route 130 diner in Delran, New Jersey. One Thursday morning around 5:30 am, she was ____16____ two firefighters, Young and Hullings. Quite ____17____, she heard that they had been up all night putting out a ____18____ warehouse fire, which took 12 hours to get under control.
___19___, Liz decided to honor these two heroes by picking up their ____20____ and writing them a heartfelt message of gratitude. It ____21____ ,”Your breakfast is on me today—thank you for all that you doFueled by fire and driven by ____22____ —what an example you are! Get some rest.
This simple act of kindness meant so much to the ____23____ firefighters. The firefighters ____24____ and thanked her before leaving the ____25____.
To return the young lady’s kindness, upon his arrival home, Hullings posted a Facebook update ____26____ his friends to go eat at the diner, which was quickly ____27____ more than 3,000 times.
___28___ it was not until afterwards that they realized Liz was ____29____ the one that could use the help. When they found out that Liz was trying to ____30____ money for her paralyzed father to get a wheelchair-accessible van, Young posted with a ____31____ to a GoFundMe page for Liz’s dad, and the support ____32____.
The total donations reached $60,000 and went beyond Liz’s wildest dreams. She had never ____33____ that her small gesture would be paid in such a/an ____34____ way. “I’m truly blessed that those two walked through the doors today and ____35____ for the opportunity to be a part of something so positive and uplifting.” Liz Woodward said on Facebook.
16. A. calling B. serving C. hosting D. praising
17. A. in private B. in public C. by accident D. on purpose
18. A. fierce B. slight C. rare D. potential
19. A. Excited B. Embarrassed C. Touched D. Shocked
20. A. money B. check C. uniforms D. breakfast
21. A. replied B. read C. indicated D. went
22. A. courage B. concern C. confidence D. curiosity
23. A. anxious B. brave C. modest D. exhausted
24. A. showed up B. sat up C. ended up D. teared up
25. A. hotel B. station C. restaurant D. warehouse
26. A. helping B. forcing C. urging D. reminding
27. A. collected B. examined C. removed D. shared
28. A. Thus B. However C. Instead D. Besides
29. A. really B. normally C. suddenly D. hardly
30. A. count B. donate C. change D. raise
31. A. link B. picture C. note D. click
32. A. doubled B. declined C. rolled in D. spread out
33. A. promised B. expected C. doubted D. accepted
34. A. rapid B. conventional C. extreme D. generous
35. A. grateful B. eager C. prepared D. greedy
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了餐馆服务员Liz偶然听说她所服务的两个消防员通宵扑灭一场猛烈的仓库大火。感动之至，Liz决定拿起这两位英雄的账单，给他们写一封衷心的感谢信，以此向他们致敬。消防员得知Liz正试图为她瘫痪的父亲筹集资金买一辆可以坐轮椅的面包车时，他们帮助她筹钱。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个周四的早上5点半左右，她在为两名消防员服务，Young 和 Hullings。A. calling呼喊； B. serving服务；C. hosting主办；D. praising赞美。根据Liz Woodward worked as a waitress at the Route 130 diner in Delran, New Jersey.可知她在为两名消防员服务。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：非常偶然的是，她听说他们通宵扑灭一场猛烈的仓库大火，花了12个小时才把火势控制住。A. in private私下地；B. in public公开地；C. by accident偶然；D. on purpose故意地。她听说他们通宵扑灭一场猛烈的仓库大火，这是非常偶然的事情。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：非常偶然的是，她听说他们通宵扑灭一场猛烈的仓库大火，花了12个小时才把火势控制住。A. fierce凶猛的；B. slight轻微的；C. rare稀有的；D. potential潜在的。根据which took 12 hours to get under control.可知火势非常猛烈。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感动之至，Liz决定拿起这两位英雄的账单，给他们写一封衷心的感谢信，以此向他们致敬。A. Excited兴奋的；B. Embarrassed尴尬的；C. Touched受感动的；D. Shocked震惊的。根据Liz decided to honor these two heroes by picking up their ____5____ and writing them a heartfelt message of gratitude.可知Liz很受感动。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：感动之至，Liz决定拿起这两位英雄的账单，给他们写一封衷心的感谢信，以此向他们致敬。A. money钱；B. check账单；C. uniforms 制服；D. breakfast早餐。根据Your breakfast is on me today可知这里意思是Liz决定为这两位英雄结账。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面写着:“今天你们的早餐我请客——感谢你们所做的一切。” A. replied回答；B. read写着；C. indicated表明；D. went去。表示纸上写着……用read。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：以勇气为动力——你们是多么好的榜样啊! A. courage勇气；B. concern担心；C. confidence信心；D. curiosity好奇。文中表示“以勇气为动力”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个简单的善举对筋疲力尽的消防员意义重大。A. anxious渴望的；B. brave勇敢的；C. modest谦虚的；D. exhausted筋疲力尽的。上文说这两个消防员通宵扑灭一场猛烈的仓库大火，由此可知，他们一定筋疲力尽了。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：消防队员们流下了眼泪，在离开餐馆前感谢了她。A. showed up露出；B. sat up端坐；C. ended up结束；D. teared up流泪。这个女孩为这两位英雄结了账，他们感动的流泪。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：消防队员们流下了眼泪，在离开餐馆前感谢了她。A. hotel旅馆；B. station 车站；C. restaurant餐馆；D. warehouse仓库。根据Hullings posted a Facebook update ____11____ his friends to go eat at the diner可知这里意思是消防队员们在离开餐馆前感谢了她。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了回报这位年轻女士的好意，Hullings一到家就在Facebook上更新了一条信息，敦促他的朋友们去这家餐厅吃饭，这条信息很快就被分享了3000多次。A. helping帮助；B. forcing强迫；C. urging敦促；D. reminding提醒。文中表示“敦促他的朋友们去这家餐厅吃饭”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了回报这位年轻女士的好意，Hullings一到家就在Facebook上更新了一条信息，敦促他的朋友们去这家餐厅吃饭，这条信息很快就被分享了3000多次。A. collected收集；B. examined检查；C. removed去掉；D. shared分享。信息自然是被分享。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到后来他们才意识到Liz才是真正需要帮助的人。A. Thus因此；B. However然而；C. Instead反而；D. Besides此外。文中表示转折关系。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到后来他们才意识到Liz才是真正需要帮助的人。A. really真正地；B. normally正常地；C. suddenly突然地； D. hardly几乎不。根据When they found out that Liz was trying to ____15____ money for her paralyzed father to get a wheelchair-accessible van可知这里意思是他们意识到Liz才是真正需要帮助的人。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们发现Liz正试图为她瘫痪的父亲筹集资金来买一辆可以坐轮椅的面包车时，Young贴出了一个链接，链接到Liz父亲的GoFundMe页面，支持就滚滚而来。A. count数数；B. donate捐赠；C. change改变；D. raise筹集。根据The total donations reached $60,000 and went beyond Liz’s wildest dreams.可知Liz正在筹钱。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们发现Liz正试图为她瘫痪的父亲筹集资金来买一辆可以坐轮椅的面包车时，Young贴出了一个链接，链接到Liz父亲的GoFundMe页面，支持就滚滚而来。A. link链接；B. picture照片；C. note笔记；D. click单击。根据to a GoFundMe page for Liz’s dad可知Young贴出了一个链接。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他们发现Liz正试图为她瘫痪的父亲筹集资金来买一辆可以坐轮椅的面包车时，Young贴出了一个链接，链接到Liz父亲的GoFundMe页面，支持就滚滚而来。A. doubled两倍；B. declined下降；C. rolled in滚滚而来；D. spread out展开。根据The total donations reached $60,000 and went beyond Liz’s wildest dreams.可知这里意思是支持滚滚而来。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从来没有想到她的小小举动会得到如此慷慨的回报。A. promised许诺；B. expected期待；C. doubted怀疑；D. accepted接受。她得到了如此慷慨的回报，这是始料未及的事情。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从来没有想到她的小小举动会得到如此慷慨的回报。A. rapid迅速的；B. conventional传统的；C. extreme极端的； D. generous慷慨的。筹集到了许多钱，这是非常慷慨的回报。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激能有机会参与这么积极向上的事情。A. grateful感谢的；B. eager渴望的；C. prepared准备好的；D. greedy贪婪的。能有机会参与这么积极向上的事情，Liz心存感激。故选A。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项，同学们要道循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息，例如，小题3根据which took 12 hours to get under control.可知火势非常猛烈。故选A。小题17根据The total donations reached $60,000 and went beyond Liz’s wildest dreams.可知这里意思是支持滚滚而来。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题部分
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the development of modem technology, people can stay ____36____ (connect) with their families and friends easily, however far apart they are from each other. WeChat is one of the most ____37____ (frequent) used means of communication in China. It is reported that the number of the WeChat users ____38____ (reach) over 1.1billion so far.
Once joining the WeChat, people can find more and more people start to add them ____39____ friends. They don’t have to consider time ____40____ (zone) when communicating. Another reason why ifs so popular is that it costs nothing. It’s also very convenient for people to immediately update ____41____ they are doing by WeChat.
However, addiction to WeChat will rob people of the time that should otherwise ____42____ (spend) on something more important. And the many so-called friends on it are not really friends at all, who simply want ____43____ (put) ads or sell items on Moments. Besides, people on the Wechat are more likely to compare ____44____ (they) with others, which will make them feel bad when finding some people seem to be _____45_____ (success).
【答案】36. connected
37. frequently
38. has reached
39. as 40. zones
41. what 42. be spent
43. to put 44. themselves
45. (more) successful
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了微信给人们带来方便的同时，也存在着一些弊端。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：随着现代技术的发展，人们可以很容易地与家人和朋友保持联系，不管他们相距多远。系动词stay后，用形容词connected“有联系的”，stay connected with“与……保持联系”。故填connected。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：微信是中国最常用的交流方式之一。修饰形容词used，用副词。故填frequently。
【38题详解】
考查时态及主谓一致。句意：据报道，到目前为止，微信的用户数量已经超过11亿。so far做时间状语时，应使用现在完成时，the number of做主语时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has reached。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：一旦加入微信，人们可以发现越来越多的人开始添加他们作为朋友。根据句意，此处使用介词as表示“作为”。故填as。
【40题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：他们在交流时不需要考虑时区。“时区”是复数意义，前面没有冠词，应用名词复数形式。故填zones。
【41题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：人们可以很方便地通过微信立即更新他们正在做的事情。____6____ they are doing by WeChat是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中做doing宾语，表“正在做的事情”，应使用what引导。故填what。
【42题详解】
考查语态。句意：然而，沉迷于微信将会剥夺人们原本应该花在更重要事情上的时间。“时间”和“花费”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，由空前should可知，此处be动词使用原形。故填be spent。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：而许多所谓朋友根本不是真正的朋友，他们只是想在朋友圈里放广告或卖东西。固定短语：want to do sth. “想要做某事”。故填to put。
【44题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：此外，在微信上的人更有可能自己与他人比较，这将使他们当发现一些人似乎更成功，感觉难过。文中表示“人们自己与他人比较”，用反身代词。故填themselves。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此外，在微信上的人更有可能自己与他人比较，这将使他们当发现一些人似乎更成功，感觉难过。be后，用形容词作表语，根据语境此处可以使用形容词原级或比较级。故填(more) successful。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Steve被当地一所孔子学院录取，即将入学，不知道如何作学业方面的准备。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 你的建议；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：孔子学院the Confucius Institute
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Steve,
I’m delighted to learn that you’ve been admitted into the Confucius Institute. Congratulations! Here, I’d like to share how to get prepared for the coming study there.
First, you need to enlarge your Chinese vocabulary, thus potentially helping you better fit into the class. Also, some knowledge of Confucius will surely help you catch a glimpse of his thoughts and ideas, which are deeply rooted in the Chinese culture but quite different from what you hold.
I hope you’ll harvest a lot in the Confucius Institute and hopefully be a man with a global vision. May everything go well with you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这篇书面表达是一封电子邮件。假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Steve被当地一所孔子学院录取，即将入学，不知道如何作学业方面的准备。请你给他写封邮件。
【详解】假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Steve被当地一所孔子学院录取，即将入学，不知道如何作学业方面的准备。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：1. 表示祝贺；2. 你的建议；3. 表达祝愿。分析可知，应该以第一人称为主，一般现在时和一般将来时进行写作。要点已经给出，要求考生根据提纲自己发挥拓展，考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。
【点睛】这篇书面表达的关键在于要点的拓展，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。I’m delighted to learn that you’ve been admitted into the Confucius Institute.宾语从句的运用。Also, some knowledge of Confucius will surely help you catch a glimpse of his thoughts and ideas, which are deeply rooted in the Chinese culture but quite different from what you hold.定语从句的运用。
第二节：概要写作（满分25分）
47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Is the traditional family dinner a thing of the past? In today’s households where both parents go to work and kids have busy schedules with school, an array of afternoon activities and much homework, finding time for a gathering at the table seems impossible. Yet, studies have shown time and again that eating together has multiple benefits for family members, especially children.
According to a number of reports issued by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, children who eat at least five times a week with their family are at lower risk of developing poor eating habits, weight problems or alcohol dependencies, and tend to perform better academically than their peers who frequently eat alone or away from home.
Eating together as a family is not just about food and nutrition. “Food has become so easily and cheaply available that we no longer appreciate its significance,” says Professor Robin Fox, who teaches anthropology at Rutgers University in New Jersey. "We have to rediscover its importance and its value." Sharing a meal with loved ones should be considered a special event, which can almost take on the form of a ceremony, as it was practiced by our ancestors, for whom finding food was a constant struggle.
Besides appreciation for the value of food, there are also many social elements that come into play when families share meals, says Miriam Weinstein, author of The Surprising Power of Family Meals. The dinner table can be the perfect environment where kids learn how to conduct conversations, observe good manners, serve others, listen, solve conflicts and compromise.
Of course, there is no guarantee that the simple act of eating at home surrounded by family will save children from developing unhealthy lifestyles or making regrettable choices down the road. It may not make them more virtuous (品行端正的) or socially more responsible. But it can form a basis for a lot of things that point them in the right direction.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Studies find that eating together as a family, which nowadays seems impossible for busy parents and kids, is actually beneficial. (要点1) First, it can contribute to children’s better physical health and academic performances. (要点2) It also offers a platform where kids can learn to appreciate the value of food and develop social skills. (要点3、要点4) Though sharing meals may not ensure children lifelong wellness, it can at least guide them on the right track. (要点5)
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇概要写作。
【详解】写作步骤
1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。

2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。

3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。

4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：

（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。

（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。