还剩23页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：全国各地区2020届高三上学期英语期末试卷
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2020届高三上学期期末考试英语试题
展开
哈尔滨市第六中学2019-2020学年度上学期期末考试
高三英语试题
考试时间：150分钟 满分：150分
本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。共150分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整，笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the man need a map?
A. To tour Manchester. B. To find a restaurant. C. To learn about China.
2. What does the woman want to do for vacation?
A. Go to the beach. B. Travel to Colorado. C. Learn to snowboard.
3. What will the man probably do?
A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working hours.
4. What does the woman say about John?
A. He won’t wait for her.
B. He won’t come home today.
C. He won’t be on time for dinner.
5. What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Order some boxes. B. Go home and rest. C. Continue working.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7题。
6. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train?
A. It is safer. B. It is faster. C. It is cheaper.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Save up for the car. B. Go to another car dealer. C. Ask someone to check the car.
9. What is the salesman going to do?
A. Give a discount. B. Stick to a high price. C. Ask for cash payment.
10. How will the man help the woman?
A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.
听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。
11. What does the woman think of the living expenses in the city?
A. Fairly low. B. Just Okay. C. Very high.
12. What does the woman spend most on?
A. Meals. B. Trains. C. Clothes.
13. What does the woman do in her free time?
A. See films. B. Travel around. C. Go for a drink.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What will Rebecca do on June 12?
A. Go on a business trip. B. Organize a trade exhibition. C. Meet the people from Head Office.
15. What is John preparing for the meeting?
A. A report. B. A timetable. C. A speech.
16. When do the speakers decide to have the meeting?
A. On June 3. B. On June 10. C. On June 17.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day?
A. Stay to help her friend. B. Walk alone to her car. C. Wait for the train to stop.
18. What can we learn about the speaker then?
A. She worked at a hotel. B. She had bought a new car. C. She was having a baby soon.
19. Where did the speaker meet the taxi passenger?
A. At a crossroads. B. In front of a hotel. C. Besides a car park.
20. What does the speaker talk about?
A. An exciting lunch party. B. A well-known short story. C. An unforgettable experience.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30 分）
A
The other day I was shopping at the local Chinese grocery store. There was a line at the fish counter, but only one staff person was there to take care of the customers. Some customers ordered quite an amount of fish for that staff person to work on. At last I was the second in line. All I wanted was a couple of crabs and should get out of there in no time.
Noticing it was very busy at the fish counter, another staff person came over to help. I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛). The customers in front of me, being served, turned around and looked at me sympathetically and the customer behind me called to the staff person, “You should start here,” pointing at me. He was, well, ignored.
If someone asked me, “What is the most important rule to follow in America?” I would reply without hesitation. “Wait your turn at all times.” Wherever you go here in this country, you will find people waiting in a line quietly to get anything: whether in the supermarkets, department stores, bus stops, or gas stations, it’s just a matter of waiting your turn. In a larger sense, “wait your turn” is more than just a guideline — it is a very basic rule that reflects the fundamental value of the western cultures. But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store. Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.
1. What happened to the author at the store?
A. He was ill-treated by a customer. B. He wasn’t served upon his order.
C. He was asked to be served later. D. He was asked to do others a favor.
2. What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. His belief. B. His culture.
C. His experience. D. His rule.
3. Why did the author write the text?
A. To emphasize his kindness to others. B. To introduce some western cultures to us.
C. To express his belief and his feeling. D. To show his disbelief in Queuing Rule.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排队很久，受到不公平待遇的经历，借此表现了西方文化的特点——要遵守次序，同时也表明了作者的感受和建议。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛).”可知，我准备好了接受服务，但服务员走到了队尾给几个想买蜗牛的女士提供了服务，因此轮到作者的次序时，作者并没有得到服务。故选B项。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段“But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store.”可知，在某些情况下，是否能轮到你的次序并不取决于你几点到这里、排了多久的队，就像作者的情况一样，因此“this”指代的是作者的亲身经历。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排了很久队却受到不公平待遇的经历。结合最后一段“Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.”可知，作者认为这种经历并不经常发生，但仍使作者感到比较失望，表达了作者的想法和感受。故选C项。
B
The stories we share with one another are important. They show wisdom and provide inspiration. They are important to our development. But sometimes people choose not to tell.
Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news: People are wondering if public health officials are holding back too much information about the recent outbreak of Ebola.
There is a danger in holding back stories that ought to be told. Bobette Buster said it like this, “The fact is, history has shown us that stories not told can become like a dangerous genie (妖怪) left in a bottle. When they are finallyuncorked, their power to destroy is set free.”
There are a number of reasons why we hide parts of our story: they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages; they require courage and strength to share; and of course, there are some stories that should be kept secret—especially those that embarrass someone else.
Most of us have two selves: the one we display on the outside and the one we actually are on the inside. And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.
Honesty and openness is important: It proves we are trustworthy. It displays we are human. We are not perfect or better. It highlights the importance of hard work and personal development. Hard work may not allow us to overcome our disadvantages completely. But with hard work, we do not have to be restricted to our mistakes.
Does this mean we admit every weakness, every disadvantage, and every secret regret to everybody we meet? No, of course not. There is a time and a place and a certain level of relationship necessary for some stories to be told in an appropriate manner.
4. What’s the function of the example in Paragraph 2?
A. It reflects that people are concerning about the spread of Ebola.
B. It shows the bad effect caused by sharing a story.
C. It proves not sharing a story can cause trouble.
D. It concludes that one should share a story at a proper time.
5. One of the reasons why people are unwilling to share experiences is that _______.
A. story-sharing highlights the importance of hard work
B. people are used to exposing their weaknesses
C. people sometimes have no courage to share their stories
D. some stories make themselves feel uneasy
6. Which is close in meaning to the underlined word “uncorked” in Paragraph 3?
A. freed B. broken C. unfolded D. untouched
7. The writer aims to convince us to _______.
A. be open to people close to you by sharing some secrets
B. share stories appropriately for the good of others and ourselves
C. remove the dangers that can be caused by untold stories
D. realize the importance of being honest when making friends
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
本文说明文。作者强调了分享自己故事的重要性，并且加以证明。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news可知不分享故事会有消极的影响，并且举了例子来证明，所以C正确。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由they require courage and strength to share可知他们需要勇气和力量分享，所以可推理出有人缺少勇气，所以选C。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。由When they are finallyuncorked, their power to destroy is set free.”当他们最终自由了，他们的破坏力就是自由，所以选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章总体可知，文章一直在写我们要分享自己的故事，才不会有太大的压力，所以作者旨在使我们相信适当的分享我们的故事，对我们自己和别人都好，所以选B。
C
Sometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.
According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.
Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says.
Vingerhoets agrees, "I think that the reason why humans shed tears（流眼泪）has something to do with our childhood, " he says. "that's the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person." Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. "In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, "he says.
Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. "It's surprising, "she says, "how much we still don't know.”
8. In the scientists' opinion, crying is ________.
A. a sign of human evolution B. a result of human kindness
C. a cause of personal growth D. a means of relying on each other
9. The underlined phrase "this ability" in the last paragraph refers to the ability to ________.
A. seek help wisely B. aim tears at someone
C. cry emotionally D. appeal to other people
10. From the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma ________.
A. hold different opinions about the causes of tears
B. think positively of the effects of tears
C. are working together to study tears
D. have learned enough about tears
11. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The types of tears B. The components of tears
C. The science of tears D. The opinions about tears
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇科普说明类文章。文章从科学的角度分析了哭的类型和哭的原因等内容。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other”可知，科学家们认为哭与人类如何发展和学习彼此依靠有关系。故可知哭是人们互相依靠的一种方法。D选项正确。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。由第四段中的“The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person.” Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention.”可知，Vingerhoets认为泪水的主要优势就是你可以将泪水指向一个特定的目标。这种能力在史前发挥了作用，当时人们生活在危险的动物中。泪水是获得注意的一种更安全的方式。由此可知，this ability指将泪水指向一个特定的目标的能力，故B选项正确。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段和第四段中的“Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says. Vingerhoets agrees”可知，Lauren Bylsma和Vingerhoets都认为泪水可以唤起别人的帮助和支持。结合选项可知，他们都认可泪水的积极作用。故B选项正确。
【名师点睛】
根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据，推论有理，忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。在该题中，同学们可以根据第三段和第四段中的“Lauren Bylsma, …, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says. Vingerhoets agrees”可知，Lauren Bylsma和Vingerhoets都认为泪水可以唤起来自别人的帮助和支持。结合选项可知，他们都认可泪水的积极作用。从而得出B选项正确。
【11题详解】
标题归纳题。文章从科学的角度，分析了哭的种类，哭的原因等内容，故C选项适合做该文标题。
【名师点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。
D
As the days get shorter and the chilly weather rolls in , we all want to curl up in a blanket and hibernate until spring rolls around. But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it’s cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize.
While the link between sunshine and mental health is nothing new, new research from Brigham Young University(BYU) has shown that the association may be even stronger than previously realized. It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness.
For the study, a psychologist, a physicist and a statistician from BYU teamed up to compare daily environmental data from the university’s Physics and Astronomy Weather Station with emotional health data archived by day for 16,452 adult therapy patients who were being treated at the BYU Counseling and Psychological Services Center.
Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affective disorder. Research has shown that the brain produces more of the feel-good neurotransmitter serotonin on sunny days than it does on darker days. What’s more, lack of sunlight is linked with lower vitamin D levels, which in turn has been correlated with depression and low energy.
If you’re getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar. Other weather variables including temperature, pollution and rain were not found to have an impact on mental health.
“We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution variables we included in the study were not significantly correlated with clients’ scores on the distress measure once we had accounted for suntime,” Dr. Mark Beecher, a professor of psychology at the university and the study’s lead author, told The Huffington Post. “People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that.”
12. What does the author suggest we do in Paragraph 1?
A. Realized the benefits of sunshine. B. Avoid hibernating in springtime.
C. Curl up in a blanket in cold weather. D. Enjoy sunshine even in cold weather.
13. The underlined word “soar”in Paragraph 5 most probably means “ ”?
A. Rise sharply. B. Vary unstably.
C. Drop slightly. D. Change greatly.
14. What does the passage say about the research done by BYU?
A. It is done on normal adults of various ages.
B. It is carried out by Dr Mark Beecher alone.
C. It concludes the sunshine means happiness.
D. It finds that temperature affects mental health.
15. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Lower vitamin D levels are helpful in keeping us energetic.
B. The research findings are inconsistent with the popular belief.
C. The more sunshine we get the less excited we are likely to feel.
D. The link between sunshine and mental health was unknown before.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明：阳光照射是影响心理健康结果的最重要的天气因素。换句话说：阳光越多，幸福越多。文章对研究过程，研究结论等信息进行了具体的介绍。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it’s cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize”可知，花时间晒太阳，甚至当外面很冷的时候也要这样做，这可能对你的情绪有很大好处。由此可知，作者建议我们晒太阳，哪怕天气很冷。故D选项正确。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“If you’re getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar.”可知，如果你获得足够的阳光，你的情绪应该会保持相对地稳定。由此可以推知，当光照量减少的时候，人们的情绪就不会那么稳定，痛苦情绪就会增加。故A选项正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness.”可知，研究发现，阳光照射是影响心理健康结果最重要的天气因素。换句话说：阳光越多，越快乐。故C选项正确：阳光意味着快乐。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that”可知，人们倾向于将雨天、污染和其他气象现象与悲伤或抑郁联系起来，但我们（BYU）的研究没有发现这一点。由此可以推知，BYU的研究结果和大众的看法不一致。故B选项正确。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“The calm before the storm” is a very familiar expression. It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense argument. ___16___ They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop.
But why is it often so calm before a storm? ___17___ According to US website HowStuffWorks, a calm period occurs because many storms, tornadoes and hurricanes draw in all the warm and damp air from the surrounding area. As this air rises into the storm clouds, it cools and acts as “ fuel for the storm ,like petrol in a car. “
Once the storm has taken all the energy it can from the air, it is pushed out from the top of the storm clouds and falls back down to ground level. ___18___ So once it covers an area, it causes a calm period before the storm.
___19___ First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder, roughly three seconds equal one kilometer. A good judgement is that if your count is below 30 seconds, you should seek shelter straight away.
However, due to the complexity of storm system ,calm doesn't always go first. So, your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area. ___20___
A. Science has given us the answer.
B. There is no definite answer to the question.
C. Weather reports sometimes cannot be trusted.
D. British sailors coined the phrase in the late l600s.
E. As the air declines, it becomes warm and dry, which is stable.
F. The Weather Network has a tip for working out how far away a storm is.
G. That's the most reliable way to predict the next display of nature's temper.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章就“暴风雨前的宁静”这一说法做出了科学的解释。并且说明了一种计算暴风雨距离的窍门。同时告诉读者随时更新天气预报是预测下一个自然气象最可靠的方法。
【16题详解】
根据下文They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop. 可知，他们注意到，在某些暴风雨来临之前，海面似乎会变得平静，风也会减弱。根据代词They可推理上文为指人提出这一说法。故选D“英国水手在16世纪晚期创造了这个短语”切题。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文But why is it often so calm before a storm? 可知，但是为什么暴风雨来临前总是那么平静呢?下文应就此做出回答。故A项“科学已经给了我们答案” 切题。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据下文So once it covers an area, it causes a calm period before the storm. 可知，所以一旦它覆盖了一个区域，它就会在风暴前形成一段平静期。下文为覆盖，反之可推理上文应为空气下降，故E选项“当空气下降，它变得温暖和干燥，这是稳定的”。切题。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据后文First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder, roughly three seconds equal one kilometer. A good judgement is that if your count is below 30 seconds, you should seek shelter straight away. 可知，首先数一下闪电和雷声之间有多少秒，大约三秒等于一公里。一个最佳判断是如果你的计数低于30秒，你应该立即寻求庇护。可知是在介绍一个预测暴风雨距离的方法。故F选项“气象网络有一个计算风暴距离的小窍门”切题。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文So, your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area. 可知，你最好的办法就是随时更新天气预报，预测你所在地区即将来临的暴风雨。下文应继续就此展开说明。故G选项“这是预测下一个自然脾气表现的最可靠的方法” 切题。故选G。
第三部分 完型填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
After my husband's Chinese kung fu school was open for about a week, my daughters and I decided to see how it was going. We were deeply _____21_____ to see there wasn't a single student in the school. My husband was standing _____22_____ in the school waiting for customers.
We had to _____23_____ ! We decided to be his _____24_____ until he got some "real" ones. We thought it was better to have five people in the school _____25_____ just him if a passerby looked in the window. He started teaching us _____26_____ and forms. We found that some of them actually were _____27_____ to ballet moves but much more difficult. It was kind of fun but _____28_____, too! We
were attracted by then, so we _____29_____ as learners.
___30___ , we got actual students in our school. There were many men and teenage boys, and we ___31___lots of other girls and women as well. One special student was a _____32_____ sevenyear-old girl. She was going _____33_____ and had other health problems. With my daughters' help and _____34_____, this little girl got to be a real kung fu kid. Although she is now a sightless, grown adult, I'm confident she can _____35_____ herself if she needs to.
I am _____36_____ to say my daughters are more confident in every area of their lives. This experience taught me to _____37_____ things I never would have _____38_____ before kung fu. I haven't been _____39_____ in all of my efforts, but I'll give almost _____40_____ of niceness a try!
21. A. bored B. upset C. nervous D. moved
22. A. cheerfully B. aggressively C. alone D. forever
23. A. act B. joke C. appear D. learn
24. A. families B. workmates C. consultants D. students
25. A. more than B. in place of C. rather than D. in case of
26. A. speeches B. moves C. manners D. designs
27. A. useful B. accessible C. similar D. comparable
28. A. challenging B. astonishing C. relaxing D. inspiring
29. A. got together B. signed up C. broke away D. stayed on
30. A. Eventually B. Unfortunately C. Obviously D. Regularly
31. A. discovered B. joined C. united D. attracted
32. A. traditional B. homeless C. disabled D. typical
33. A. blind B. deaf C. lame D. stupid
34. A. threat B. encouragement C. adjustment D. approval
35. A. protect B. recognize C. feed D. educate
36. A. stubborn B. proud C. sensitive D. tentative
37. A. apply to B. give up C. try out D. hold back
38. A. appreciated B. predicted C. ignored D. considered
39. A. helpful B. successful C. cheerful D. enthusiastic
40. A. some B. either C. none D. any
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者通过帮助丈夫开武馆并学习中国功夫这一经历，对人生有了新的感悟，开始尝试任何美好的事物。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校没有一个学生，这让我们很不安。A. bored无聊的；B. upset心烦不安的；C. nervous紧张的；D. moved感动的。我丈夫的中国功夫学校开学大约一周后，我和女儿们决定去看看情况如何。看到学校一个学生也没有，我们深感不安。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫独自站在学校里等顾客。A. cheerfully愉快地；B. aggressively侵略地；C. alone独自的；D. forever永远。根据上文“there wasn't a single student in the school”可知，我丈夫独自站在学校里等顾客。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须行动起来！。A. act行动；B. joke笑话；C. appear出现；D. learn学会。根据上文学校没有学生，因此我意识到我们必须行动起来！故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们决定做他的学生，直到他有了一些“真正的”学生。A. families家人；B. workmates同事；C. consultants顾问；D. students学生。根据后文“he got some "real" ones”和“so we stayed as learners”可知我们决定做他的学生，直到他有了一些“真正的”学生。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：我们认为，如果一个过路人朝窗户里看，学校里有五个人总比只有他一个人要好。A. more than多于；B. in place of代词；C. rather than而不是；D. in case of万一。We thought it was better to have five people in the school我们认为，学校里有五个人总比只有他一个人要好。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始教我们动作和招式。A. speeches演讲；B. moves动作；C. manners礼仪；D. designs设计。根据后文“ballet moves”可知他开始教我们动作和招式。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现其中一些动作实际上和芭蕾舞动作相似，但难度要大得多。A. useful有用的；B. accessible易接近的；C. similar相似的；D. comparable可比较的。but much more difficult得知，一些武术动作和芭蕾舞动作相似，但难度要大得多。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学武术动作是一种乐趣，但也具有挑战性。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. astonishing吃惊的；C. relaxing放松的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据前文“but much more difficult”可知这是一种乐趣，但也具有挑战性。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们被吸引了，所以继续学习。A. got together聚集；B. signed up签字；C. broke away放弃；D. stayed on保持；继续。我们被吸引了当然是继续学习。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，学校有了真正的学生。A. Eventually最终；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Obviously明显地；D. Regularly规律地。学校有了真正的学生这是努力的最终结果。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有很多成年人和十几岁的孩子，我们也吸引了很多其他的女孩和女人。A. discovered发现；B. joined加入；C. united统一；D. attracted吸引。上一句说学校最终有了真正的学生，吸引了很多其他的女孩和女人。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个特殊的学生，是一个残疾的七岁女孩。A. traditional传统的；B. homeless无家可归的；C. disabled残疾的；D. typical典型的。根据后文“Although she is now a sightless, grown adult”可知一个特殊的学生，是一个残疾的七岁女孩。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不仅失明还有其他健康问题。A. blind盲的；B. deaf 聋的；C. lame跛足的；D. stupid愚蠢的。根据后文“sightless, grown adult”可知她不仅失明还有其他健康问题。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我女儿的帮助和鼓励下，这个小女孩成了一个真正的功夫孩子。A. threat威胁；B. encouragement鼓励；C. adjustment调整；D. approval批准。根据help得知在我女儿的帮助和鼓励下。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她现在是一个失明的成年人，但我相信如果她需要，她可以保护自己。A. protect保护；B. recognize认出；C. feed喂养；D. educate教育。学完武术后，这个失明的女孩也能保护自己。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我自豪地说，我的女儿们在生活得各个方面都更加自信。A. stubborn固执的；B. proud骄傲的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. tentative暂定的。我的女儿们在生活得各个方面都更加自信，我当然感到自豪。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这段经历让我学会了尝试一些在学习功夫之前从未考虑要去学的东西。A. apply to应用；B. give up放弃；C. try out尝试；D. hold back隐瞒。学习功夫这段经历让我学会了尝试一些之前从未考虑要去学的东西。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历让我学会了尝试一些在学习功夫之前从未考虑要去学的东西。A. appreciated感激；B. predicted预测；C. ignored忽略；D. considered考虑。指我“之前从未考虑要去学的东西”，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并不是我所有的努力都成功。A. helpful有帮助的；B. successful成功的；C. cheerful愉快的；D. enthusiastic热情的。我会尝试几乎任何美好的事物，尽管并不是都成功了。这里是部分否定结构。故选B。
40题详解】
考查代词辨析。句意：但我会尝试几乎任何美好的事物。A. some一些；B. either要么；C. none没有；D. any任何。作者态度积极，虽然不是所有努力都有回报，但我会尝试几乎任何美好的事物。故选D。
第二卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效
第四部分：写作（共三节，满分50分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。
The cave dwelling ( Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi’an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house ______41______ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China.
A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板)____42____(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ____43____ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ____44____ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling ____45____ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ____46____the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province.
The beauty about the cave dwelling is ____47____they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ____48____(make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused . They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ____49____ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ____50____ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.
【答案】41. dug
42. are piled
43. which 44. variety
45. and 46. as
47. that 48. making
49. lower 50. the
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了延安窑洞的地理位置、建筑风格及给当地居民生活带来的益处。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一种颇具特点在山里挖出的洞屋，用作西北黄土高原农民工的栖息之地。句中存在be动词is，横线上应使用非谓语动词，house与dig之间为被动关系，使用过去分词dug。故填dug。
【42题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆，入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过分析句子结构可知，主句为“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”，主句中存在不定式to form，stonelabs与pile之间为被动关系，且stonelabs为复数，因此横线上需填入被动语态形式are piled。故填are piled。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆，入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为横线前的一句话，在从句中作主语，应填入关系代词which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过语境翻译可知，此处表述意为“各式各样的”，a variety of意为“各种各样的”，切合题意。故填variety。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：窑洞的类型分为土溶洞、砖溶洞和石溶洞。通过翻译可知，stone dwelling与earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互为并列关系，应使用并列连词and。故填and。
【46题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：几个世纪以来，它们一直被视为陕西省北部农民的象征。动词短语be regarded as意为“被视为”，切合题意。故填as。
【47题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：窑洞之美在于它们有助于保持当地的地理情况。通过分析句子结构可知此句为表语从句，且从句中不缺少任何成分应使用关系代词that引导。故填that。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过利用原本闲置的空间来节约耕地。介词by后接名词，题中所给词性为动词make，因此需使用make的动名词形式making。故填making。
【49题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：室内温度通常比冬天室外高13摄氏度，比夏天室外低10摄氏度。通过语境翻译可知，横线处意为“比…低”，使用low的比较级lower。故填lower。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：据统计，黄河中上游地区约有4000万人居住在窑洞中，窑洞面积约60万平方公里分布于黄河中上游地区。“in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地点状语，表示特指中上游地带，应使用定冠词the。故填the。
第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在该词下面写出该加的词。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
On the first day during the winter vacation, my classmates and I went to the Nursing Home and did some voluntary works. On our arrive, we visited the elderly in their rooms, presented them with flowers and self- made cards to show our respect and love. Then we did some cleaning or washing for them under the help of the nurses. Having been done all these, we sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people. We talked about our old days, changes of our city, and anything they were interested. When it was time for us to leave, the elderly people thank us for our kindness. They said it was so a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.
【答案】1.works-- work
2. arrive -- arrival/arriving
3. presented--presenting/+and
4. or--and
5. under-- with
6. been去掉
7.our-- their
8. interested后加in
9. thank-- thanked
10. so-- such
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和同学一起到敬老院做志愿服务的经历。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：寒假的第一天，我和同学去敬老院做了些志愿工作。通过翻译语境可知，这里work意为工作，为不可数名词，应使用名词单数work。故将works改为work。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一到就拜访了房间里的老人，给他们送了鲜花和自制卡片以表敬意和爱心。On…做时间状语后接名词性结构，这里arrive的名词性形式有arrival和arriving两种。故将arrive改为arrival或arriving。
3.考查非谓语动词或连词。句意：我们一到就拜访了房间里的老人，给他们送了鲜花和自制卡片以表敬意和爱心。句中谓语动词为visited，同时句中主语与present之间为主动关系，则present应使用非谓语动词中的现在分词presenting形式。也可以看成是两个并列的动词，用连词连接。故将presented改为presenting/+and。
4.考查连词。句意：在护士的帮助下，我们为老人们做了些清洁和打扫的工作。通过语境翻译可知，此处cleaning和washing为并列关系，应使用连词and。故将or改为and。
5.考查介词。句意：在护士的帮助下，我们为老人们做了些清洁和打扫的工作。with the help of sb.意为“在某人的帮助下”切合题意。故将under改为with。
6.考查非谓语动词语态。通过分析句子结构可知，having现在分词作伴随状语，主句主语为我们，与have为主动关系，结合翻译可知，此处意为“我们做了这些事”不存在被动语态，故been多余，应去掉been。
7.考查代词。句意：我们谈论着他们的过去的岁月、我们城市的变化和一切他们感兴趣的话题。根据语境翻译可知，过去的日子是老人们的，因此用their指代“他们的”合乎题意。故将our改为their。
8.考查介词。be interested in是固定搭配，意为“对…感兴趣”。故在interested后面加in。
9.考查时动词态。通过分析句子可知，when引导的时间状语从句时态为一般过去时，因此主句也应是一般过去时，使用thank的过去式。故将thank改为thanked。
10.考查固定搭配。“such+名词+that…”和“so+形容词+that…”均意为“如此….以至于”，通过分析句子成分可知，a beautiful day为名词性结构，应使用“such+名词+that…”结构。故将so改为such。
第三节 作文
52.假设你是李华，你的美国网友看完“哪吒之魔童降世”（Nezha）电影海外版之后非常喜欢，写信想请你再推荐一部中国电影，请你根据以下内容给他回信。内容包括：
1. 表示高兴;
2. 推荐一部电影(电影名字可用拼音表达);
3. 推荐的理由。（至少2条）
注意：
1. 词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯；
2. 开头及结尾为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear David,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David
I am delighted to know that you are fascinated by the Chinese film, Nezha. And I’m perfectly willing to recommend another impressive Chinese movie at your request.
Since I know animated films are your particular favorites, you can’t miss Monkey King: Hero Is Back . This animated film, which is also based on classic Chinese fairy tales, has much in common with Nezha, so I think it ’ll appeal to you. In addition, Monkey King and Nezha are both regarded as heroes by Chinese people. Through comparison , you will get a better understanding of traditional Chinese values and beliefs.
I hope you’ll find the movie well worth seeing.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封回信表达很高兴为他推荐一部电影，并说明推荐的理由。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
要求：1. 表示高兴;
2. 推荐一部电影(电影名字可用拼音表达);
3. 推荐的理由。（至少2条）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be delighted to；be fascinated by；at your request；be based on；in common with；appeal to
第三步：连词成句
1. I am delighted to know that you are fascinated by the Chinese film, Nezha.
2. I’m perfectly willing to recommend another impressive Chinese movie at your request.
3. I know animated films are your particular favorites you can’t miss Monkey King: Hero Is Back .
4. This animated film, which is also based on classic Chinese fairy tales, has much in common with Nezha.
5. Monkey King and Nezha are both regarded as heroes by Chinese people.
6. Through comparison , you will get a better understanding of traditional Chinese values and beliefs.
7. I hope you’ll find the movie well worth seeing.
第四步：连句成篇
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：while, meanwhile, However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】文章结构合理，思路清晰，使用了恰当的连接词及词组使行文连贯，如“which，so，in addition”。也运用了一些高级词汇和表达，如“be delighted to；be fascinated by；at your request”，以及定语从句、状语从句等，增加了文章的亮点，体现了学生较高的英语素养。
哈尔滨市第六中学2019-2020学年度上学期期末考试
高三英语试题
考试时间：150分钟 满分：150分
本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。共150分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整，笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the man need a map?
A. To tour Manchester. B. To find a restaurant. C. To learn about China.
2. What does the woman want to do for vacation?
A. Go to the beach. B. Travel to Colorado. C. Learn to snowboard.
3. What will the man probably do?
A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working hours.
4. What does the woman say about John?
A. He won’t wait for her.
B. He won’t come home today.
C. He won’t be on time for dinner.
5. What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Order some boxes. B. Go home and rest. C. Continue working.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7题。
6. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train?
A. It is safer. B. It is faster. C. It is cheaper.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Save up for the car. B. Go to another car dealer. C. Ask someone to check the car.
9. What is the salesman going to do?
A. Give a discount. B. Stick to a high price. C. Ask for cash payment.
10. How will the man help the woman?
A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.
听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。
11. What does the woman think of the living expenses in the city?
A. Fairly low. B. Just Okay. C. Very high.
12. What does the woman spend most on?
A. Meals. B. Trains. C. Clothes.
13. What does the woman do in her free time?
A. See films. B. Travel around. C. Go for a drink.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What will Rebecca do on June 12?
A. Go on a business trip. B. Organize a trade exhibition. C. Meet the people from Head Office.
15. What is John preparing for the meeting?
A. A report. B. A timetable. C. A speech.
16. When do the speakers decide to have the meeting?
A. On June 3. B. On June 10. C. On June 17.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day?
A. Stay to help her friend. B. Walk alone to her car. C. Wait for the train to stop.
18. What can we learn about the speaker then?
A. She worked at a hotel. B. She had bought a new car. C. She was having a baby soon.
19. Where did the speaker meet the taxi passenger?
A. At a crossroads. B. In front of a hotel. C. Besides a car park.
20. What does the speaker talk about?
A. An exciting lunch party. B. A well-known short story. C. An unforgettable experience.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30 分）
A
The other day I was shopping at the local Chinese grocery store. There was a line at the fish counter, but only one staff person was there to take care of the customers. Some customers ordered quite an amount of fish for that staff person to work on. At last I was the second in line. All I wanted was a couple of crabs and should get out of there in no time.
Noticing it was very busy at the fish counter, another staff person came over to help. I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛). The customers in front of me, being served, turned around and looked at me sympathetically and the customer behind me called to the staff person, “You should start here,” pointing at me. He was, well, ignored.
If someone asked me, “What is the most important rule to follow in America?” I would reply without hesitation. “Wait your turn at all times.” Wherever you go here in this country, you will find people waiting in a line quietly to get anything: whether in the supermarkets, department stores, bus stops, or gas stations, it’s just a matter of waiting your turn. In a larger sense, “wait your turn” is more than just a guideline — it is a very basic rule that reflects the fundamental value of the western cultures. But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store. Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.
1. What happened to the author at the store?
A. He was ill-treated by a customer. B. He wasn’t served upon his order.
C. He was asked to be served later. D. He was asked to do others a favor.
2. What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. His belief. B. His culture.
C. His experience. D. His rule.
3. Why did the author write the text?
A. To emphasize his kindness to others. B. To introduce some western cultures to us.
C. To express his belief and his feeling. D. To show his disbelief in Queuing Rule.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排队很久，受到不公平待遇的经历，借此表现了西方文化的特点——要遵守次序，同时也表明了作者的感受和建议。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛).”可知，我准备好了接受服务，但服务员走到了队尾给几个想买蜗牛的女士提供了服务，因此轮到作者的次序时，作者并没有得到服务。故选B项。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段“But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store.”可知，在某些情况下，是否能轮到你的次序并不取决于你几点到这里、排了多久的队，就像作者的情况一样，因此“this”指代的是作者的亲身经历。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排了很久队却受到不公平待遇的经历。结合最后一段“Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.”可知，作者认为这种经历并不经常发生，但仍使作者感到比较失望，表达了作者的想法和感受。故选C项。
B
The stories we share with one another are important. They show wisdom and provide inspiration. They are important to our development. But sometimes people choose not to tell.
Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news: People are wondering if public health officials are holding back too much information about the recent outbreak of Ebola.
There is a danger in holding back stories that ought to be told. Bobette Buster said it like this, “The fact is, history has shown us that stories not told can become like a dangerous genie (妖怪) left in a bottle. When they are finallyuncorked, their power to destroy is set free.”
There are a number of reasons why we hide parts of our story: they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages; they require courage and strength to share; and of course, there are some stories that should be kept secret—especially those that embarrass someone else.
Most of us have two selves: the one we display on the outside and the one we actually are on the inside. And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.
Honesty and openness is important: It proves we are trustworthy. It displays we are human. We are not perfect or better. It highlights the importance of hard work and personal development. Hard work may not allow us to overcome our disadvantages completely. But with hard work, we do not have to be restricted to our mistakes.
Does this mean we admit every weakness, every disadvantage, and every secret regret to everybody we meet? No, of course not. There is a time and a place and a certain level of relationship necessary for some stories to be told in an appropriate manner.
4. What’s the function of the example in Paragraph 2?
A. It reflects that people are concerning about the spread of Ebola.
B. It shows the bad effect caused by sharing a story.
C. It proves not sharing a story can cause trouble.
D. It concludes that one should share a story at a proper time.
5. One of the reasons why people are unwilling to share experiences is that _______.
A. story-sharing highlights the importance of hard work
B. people are used to exposing their weaknesses
C. people sometimes have no courage to share their stories
D. some stories make themselves feel uneasy
6. Which is close in meaning to the underlined word “uncorked” in Paragraph 3?
A. freed B. broken C. unfolded D. untouched
7. The writer aims to convince us to _______.
A. be open to people close to you by sharing some secrets
B. share stories appropriately for the good of others and ourselves
C. remove the dangers that can be caused by untold stories
D. realize the importance of being honest when making friends
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
本文说明文。作者强调了分享自己故事的重要性，并且加以证明。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news可知不分享故事会有消极的影响，并且举了例子来证明，所以C正确。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由they require courage and strength to share可知他们需要勇气和力量分享，所以可推理出有人缺少勇气，所以选C。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。由When they are finallyuncorked, their power to destroy is set free.”当他们最终自由了，他们的破坏力就是自由，所以选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章总体可知，文章一直在写我们要分享自己的故事，才不会有太大的压力，所以作者旨在使我们相信适当的分享我们的故事，对我们自己和别人都好，所以选B。
C
Sometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.
According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.
Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says.
Vingerhoets agrees, "I think that the reason why humans shed tears（流眼泪）has something to do with our childhood, " he says. "that's the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person." Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. "In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, "he says.
Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. "It's surprising, "she says, "how much we still don't know.”
8. In the scientists' opinion, crying is ________.
A. a sign of human evolution B. a result of human kindness
C. a cause of personal growth D. a means of relying on each other
9. The underlined phrase "this ability" in the last paragraph refers to the ability to ________.
A. seek help wisely B. aim tears at someone
C. cry emotionally D. appeal to other people
10. From the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma ________.
A. hold different opinions about the causes of tears
B. think positively of the effects of tears
C. are working together to study tears
D. have learned enough about tears
11. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The types of tears B. The components of tears
C. The science of tears D. The opinions about tears
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇科普说明类文章。文章从科学的角度分析了哭的类型和哭的原因等内容。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other”可知，科学家们认为哭与人类如何发展和学习彼此依靠有关系。故可知哭是人们互相依靠的一种方法。D选项正确。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。由第四段中的“The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person.” Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention.”可知，Vingerhoets认为泪水的主要优势就是你可以将泪水指向一个特定的目标。这种能力在史前发挥了作用，当时人们生活在危险的动物中。泪水是获得注意的一种更安全的方式。由此可知，this ability指将泪水指向一个特定的目标的能力，故B选项正确。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段和第四段中的“Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says. Vingerhoets agrees”可知，Lauren Bylsma和Vingerhoets都认为泪水可以唤起别人的帮助和支持。结合选项可知，他们都认可泪水的积极作用。故B选项正确。
【名师点睛】
根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据，推论有理，忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。在该题中，同学们可以根据第三段和第四段中的“Lauren Bylsma, …, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says. Vingerhoets agrees”可知，Lauren Bylsma和Vingerhoets都认为泪水可以唤起来自别人的帮助和支持。结合选项可知，他们都认可泪水的积极作用。从而得出B选项正确。
【11题详解】
标题归纳题。文章从科学的角度，分析了哭的种类，哭的原因等内容，故C选项适合做该文标题。
【名师点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。
D
As the days get shorter and the chilly weather rolls in , we all want to curl up in a blanket and hibernate until spring rolls around. But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it’s cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize.
While the link between sunshine and mental health is nothing new, new research from Brigham Young University(BYU) has shown that the association may be even stronger than previously realized. It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness.
For the study, a psychologist, a physicist and a statistician from BYU teamed up to compare daily environmental data from the university’s Physics and Astronomy Weather Station with emotional health data archived by day for 16,452 adult therapy patients who were being treated at the BYU Counseling and Psychological Services Center.
Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affective disorder. Research has shown that the brain produces more of the feel-good neurotransmitter serotonin on sunny days than it does on darker days. What’s more, lack of sunlight is linked with lower vitamin D levels, which in turn has been correlated with depression and low energy.
If you’re getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar. Other weather variables including temperature, pollution and rain were not found to have an impact on mental health.
“We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution variables we included in the study were not significantly correlated with clients’ scores on the distress measure once we had accounted for suntime,” Dr. Mark Beecher, a professor of psychology at the university and the study’s lead author, told The Huffington Post. “People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that.”
12. What does the author suggest we do in Paragraph 1?
A. Realized the benefits of sunshine. B. Avoid hibernating in springtime.
C. Curl up in a blanket in cold weather. D. Enjoy sunshine even in cold weather.
13. The underlined word “soar”in Paragraph 5 most probably means “ ”?
A. Rise sharply. B. Vary unstably.
C. Drop slightly. D. Change greatly.
14. What does the passage say about the research done by BYU?
A. It is done on normal adults of various ages.
B. It is carried out by Dr Mark Beecher alone.
C. It concludes the sunshine means happiness.
D. It finds that temperature affects mental health.
15. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Lower vitamin D levels are helpful in keeping us energetic.
B. The research findings are inconsistent with the popular belief.
C. The more sunshine we get the less excited we are likely to feel.
D. The link between sunshine and mental health was unknown before.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明：阳光照射是影响心理健康结果的最重要的天气因素。换句话说：阳光越多，幸福越多。文章对研究过程，研究结论等信息进行了具体的介绍。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it’s cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize”可知，花时间晒太阳，甚至当外面很冷的时候也要这样做，这可能对你的情绪有很大好处。由此可知，作者建议我们晒太阳，哪怕天气很冷。故D选项正确。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“If you’re getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar.”可知，如果你获得足够的阳光，你的情绪应该会保持相对地稳定。由此可以推知，当光照量减少的时候，人们的情绪就不会那么稳定，痛苦情绪就会增加。故A选项正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness.”可知，研究发现，阳光照射是影响心理健康结果最重要的天气因素。换句话说：阳光越多，越快乐。故C选项正确：阳光意味着快乐。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that”可知，人们倾向于将雨天、污染和其他气象现象与悲伤或抑郁联系起来，但我们（BYU）的研究没有发现这一点。由此可以推知，BYU的研究结果和大众的看法不一致。故B选项正确。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“The calm before the storm” is a very familiar expression. It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense argument. ___16___ They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop.
But why is it often so calm before a storm? ___17___ According to US website HowStuffWorks, a calm period occurs because many storms, tornadoes and hurricanes draw in all the warm and damp air from the surrounding area. As this air rises into the storm clouds, it cools and acts as “ fuel for the storm ,like petrol in a car. “
Once the storm has taken all the energy it can from the air, it is pushed out from the top of the storm clouds and falls back down to ground level. ___18___ So once it covers an area, it causes a calm period before the storm.
___19___ First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder, roughly three seconds equal one kilometer. A good judgement is that if your count is below 30 seconds, you should seek shelter straight away.
However, due to the complexity of storm system ,calm doesn't always go first. So, your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area. ___20___
A. Science has given us the answer.
B. There is no definite answer to the question.
C. Weather reports sometimes cannot be trusted.
D. British sailors coined the phrase in the late l600s.
E. As the air declines, it becomes warm and dry, which is stable.
F. The Weather Network has a tip for working out how far away a storm is.
G. That's the most reliable way to predict the next display of nature's temper.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章就“暴风雨前的宁静”这一说法做出了科学的解释。并且说明了一种计算暴风雨距离的窍门。同时告诉读者随时更新天气预报是预测下一个自然气象最可靠的方法。
【16题详解】
根据下文They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop. 可知，他们注意到，在某些暴风雨来临之前，海面似乎会变得平静，风也会减弱。根据代词They可推理上文为指人提出这一说法。故选D“英国水手在16世纪晚期创造了这个短语”切题。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文But why is it often so calm before a storm? 可知，但是为什么暴风雨来临前总是那么平静呢?下文应就此做出回答。故A项“科学已经给了我们答案” 切题。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据下文So once it covers an area, it causes a calm period before the storm. 可知，所以一旦它覆盖了一个区域，它就会在风暴前形成一段平静期。下文为覆盖，反之可推理上文应为空气下降，故E选项“当空气下降，它变得温暖和干燥，这是稳定的”。切题。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据后文First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder, roughly three seconds equal one kilometer. A good judgement is that if your count is below 30 seconds, you should seek shelter straight away. 可知，首先数一下闪电和雷声之间有多少秒，大约三秒等于一公里。一个最佳判断是如果你的计数低于30秒，你应该立即寻求庇护。可知是在介绍一个预测暴风雨距离的方法。故F选项“气象网络有一个计算风暴距离的小窍门”切题。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文So, your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area. 可知，你最好的办法就是随时更新天气预报，预测你所在地区即将来临的暴风雨。下文应继续就此展开说明。故G选项“这是预测下一个自然脾气表现的最可靠的方法” 切题。故选G。
第三部分 完型填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
After my husband's Chinese kung fu school was open for about a week, my daughters and I decided to see how it was going. We were deeply _____21_____ to see there wasn't a single student in the school. My husband was standing _____22_____ in the school waiting for customers.
We had to _____23_____ ! We decided to be his _____24_____ until he got some "real" ones. We thought it was better to have five people in the school _____25_____ just him if a passerby looked in the window. He started teaching us _____26_____ and forms. We found that some of them actually were _____27_____ to ballet moves but much more difficult. It was kind of fun but _____28_____, too! We
were attracted by then, so we _____29_____ as learners.
___30___ , we got actual students in our school. There were many men and teenage boys, and we ___31___lots of other girls and women as well. One special student was a _____32_____ sevenyear-old girl. She was going _____33_____ and had other health problems. With my daughters' help and _____34_____, this little girl got to be a real kung fu kid. Although she is now a sightless, grown adult, I'm confident she can _____35_____ herself if she needs to.
I am _____36_____ to say my daughters are more confident in every area of their lives. This experience taught me to _____37_____ things I never would have _____38_____ before kung fu. I haven't been _____39_____ in all of my efforts, but I'll give almost _____40_____ of niceness a try!
21. A. bored B. upset C. nervous D. moved
22. A. cheerfully B. aggressively C. alone D. forever
23. A. act B. joke C. appear D. learn
24. A. families B. workmates C. consultants D. students
25. A. more than B. in place of C. rather than D. in case of
26. A. speeches B. moves C. manners D. designs
27. A. useful B. accessible C. similar D. comparable
28. A. challenging B. astonishing C. relaxing D. inspiring
29. A. got together B. signed up C. broke away D. stayed on
30. A. Eventually B. Unfortunately C. Obviously D. Regularly
31. A. discovered B. joined C. united D. attracted
32. A. traditional B. homeless C. disabled D. typical
33. A. blind B. deaf C. lame D. stupid
34. A. threat B. encouragement C. adjustment D. approval
35. A. protect B. recognize C. feed D. educate
36. A. stubborn B. proud C. sensitive D. tentative
37. A. apply to B. give up C. try out D. hold back
38. A. appreciated B. predicted C. ignored D. considered
39. A. helpful B. successful C. cheerful D. enthusiastic
40. A. some B. either C. none D. any
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者通过帮助丈夫开武馆并学习中国功夫这一经历，对人生有了新的感悟，开始尝试任何美好的事物。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校没有一个学生，这让我们很不安。A. bored无聊的；B. upset心烦不安的；C. nervous紧张的；D. moved感动的。我丈夫的中国功夫学校开学大约一周后，我和女儿们决定去看看情况如何。看到学校一个学生也没有，我们深感不安。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫独自站在学校里等顾客。A. cheerfully愉快地；B. aggressively侵略地；C. alone独自的；D. forever永远。根据上文“there wasn't a single student in the school”可知，我丈夫独自站在学校里等顾客。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须行动起来！。A. act行动；B. joke笑话；C. appear出现；D. learn学会。根据上文学校没有学生，因此我意识到我们必须行动起来！故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们决定做他的学生，直到他有了一些“真正的”学生。A. families家人；B. workmates同事；C. consultants顾问；D. students学生。根据后文“he got some "real" ones”和“so we stayed as learners”可知我们决定做他的学生，直到他有了一些“真正的”学生。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：我们认为，如果一个过路人朝窗户里看，学校里有五个人总比只有他一个人要好。A. more than多于；B. in place of代词；C. rather than而不是；D. in case of万一。We thought it was better to have five people in the school我们认为，学校里有五个人总比只有他一个人要好。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始教我们动作和招式。A. speeches演讲；B. moves动作；C. manners礼仪；D. designs设计。根据后文“ballet moves”可知他开始教我们动作和招式。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现其中一些动作实际上和芭蕾舞动作相似，但难度要大得多。A. useful有用的；B. accessible易接近的；C. similar相似的；D. comparable可比较的。but much more difficult得知，一些武术动作和芭蕾舞动作相似，但难度要大得多。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学武术动作是一种乐趣，但也具有挑战性。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. astonishing吃惊的；C. relaxing放松的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据前文“but much more difficult”可知这是一种乐趣，但也具有挑战性。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们被吸引了，所以继续学习。A. got together聚集；B. signed up签字；C. broke away放弃；D. stayed on保持；继续。我们被吸引了当然是继续学习。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，学校有了真正的学生。A. Eventually最终；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Obviously明显地；D. Regularly规律地。学校有了真正的学生这是努力的最终结果。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有很多成年人和十几岁的孩子，我们也吸引了很多其他的女孩和女人。A. discovered发现；B. joined加入；C. united统一；D. attracted吸引。上一句说学校最终有了真正的学生，吸引了很多其他的女孩和女人。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个特殊的学生，是一个残疾的七岁女孩。A. traditional传统的；B. homeless无家可归的；C. disabled残疾的；D. typical典型的。根据后文“Although she is now a sightless, grown adult”可知一个特殊的学生，是一个残疾的七岁女孩。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不仅失明还有其他健康问题。A. blind盲的；B. deaf 聋的；C. lame跛足的；D. stupid愚蠢的。根据后文“sightless, grown adult”可知她不仅失明还有其他健康问题。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我女儿的帮助和鼓励下，这个小女孩成了一个真正的功夫孩子。A. threat威胁；B. encouragement鼓励；C. adjustment调整；D. approval批准。根据help得知在我女儿的帮助和鼓励下。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她现在是一个失明的成年人，但我相信如果她需要，她可以保护自己。A. protect保护；B. recognize认出；C. feed喂养；D. educate教育。学完武术后，这个失明的女孩也能保护自己。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我自豪地说，我的女儿们在生活得各个方面都更加自信。A. stubborn固执的；B. proud骄傲的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. tentative暂定的。我的女儿们在生活得各个方面都更加自信，我当然感到自豪。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这段经历让我学会了尝试一些在学习功夫之前从未考虑要去学的东西。A. apply to应用；B. give up放弃；C. try out尝试；D. hold back隐瞒。学习功夫这段经历让我学会了尝试一些之前从未考虑要去学的东西。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历让我学会了尝试一些在学习功夫之前从未考虑要去学的东西。A. appreciated感激；B. predicted预测；C. ignored忽略；D. considered考虑。指我“之前从未考虑要去学的东西”，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并不是我所有的努力都成功。A. helpful有帮助的；B. successful成功的；C. cheerful愉快的；D. enthusiastic热情的。我会尝试几乎任何美好的事物，尽管并不是都成功了。这里是部分否定结构。故选B。
40题详解】
考查代词辨析。句意：但我会尝试几乎任何美好的事物。A. some一些；B. either要么；C. none没有；D. any任何。作者态度积极，虽然不是所有努力都有回报，但我会尝试几乎任何美好的事物。故选D。
第二卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效
第四部分：写作（共三节，满分50分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。
The cave dwelling ( Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi’an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house ______41______ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China.
A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板)____42____(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ____43____ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ____44____ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling ____45____ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ____46____the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province.
The beauty about the cave dwelling is ____47____they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ____48____(make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused . They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ____49____ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ____50____ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.
【答案】41. dug
42. are piled
43. which 44. variety
45. and 46. as
47. that 48. making
49. lower 50. the
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了延安窑洞的地理位置、建筑风格及给当地居民生活带来的益处。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一种颇具特点在山里挖出的洞屋，用作西北黄土高原农民工的栖息之地。句中存在be动词is，横线上应使用非谓语动词，house与dig之间为被动关系，使用过去分词dug。故填dug。
【42题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆，入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过分析句子结构可知，主句为“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”，主句中存在不定式to form，stonelabs与pile之间为被动关系，且stonelabs为复数，因此横线上需填入被动语态形式are piled。故填are piled。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆，入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为横线前的一句话，在从句中作主语，应填入关系代词which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过语境翻译可知，此处表述意为“各式各样的”，a variety of意为“各种各样的”，切合题意。故填variety。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：窑洞的类型分为土溶洞、砖溶洞和石溶洞。通过翻译可知，stone dwelling与earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互为并列关系，应使用并列连词and。故填and。
【46题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：几个世纪以来，它们一直被视为陕西省北部农民的象征。动词短语be regarded as意为“被视为”，切合题意。故填as。
【47题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：窑洞之美在于它们有助于保持当地的地理情况。通过分析句子结构可知此句为表语从句，且从句中不缺少任何成分应使用关系代词that引导。故填that。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过利用原本闲置的空间来节约耕地。介词by后接名词，题中所给词性为动词make，因此需使用make的动名词形式making。故填making。
【49题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：室内温度通常比冬天室外高13摄氏度，比夏天室外低10摄氏度。通过语境翻译可知，横线处意为“比…低”，使用low的比较级lower。故填lower。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：据统计，黄河中上游地区约有4000万人居住在窑洞中，窑洞面积约60万平方公里分布于黄河中上游地区。“in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地点状语，表示特指中上游地带，应使用定冠词the。故填the。
第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在该词下面写出该加的词。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
On the first day during the winter vacation, my classmates and I went to the Nursing Home and did some voluntary works. On our arrive, we visited the elderly in their rooms, presented them with flowers and self- made cards to show our respect and love. Then we did some cleaning or washing for them under the help of the nurses. Having been done all these, we sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people. We talked about our old days, changes of our city, and anything they were interested. When it was time for us to leave, the elderly people thank us for our kindness. They said it was so a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.
【答案】1.works-- work
2. arrive -- arrival/arriving
3. presented--presenting/+and
4. or--and
5. under-- with
6. been去掉
7.our-- their
8. interested后加in
9. thank-- thanked
10. so-- such
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和同学一起到敬老院做志愿服务的经历。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：寒假的第一天，我和同学去敬老院做了些志愿工作。通过翻译语境可知，这里work意为工作，为不可数名词，应使用名词单数work。故将works改为work。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一到就拜访了房间里的老人，给他们送了鲜花和自制卡片以表敬意和爱心。On…做时间状语后接名词性结构，这里arrive的名词性形式有arrival和arriving两种。故将arrive改为arrival或arriving。
3.考查非谓语动词或连词。句意：我们一到就拜访了房间里的老人，给他们送了鲜花和自制卡片以表敬意和爱心。句中谓语动词为visited，同时句中主语与present之间为主动关系，则present应使用非谓语动词中的现在分词presenting形式。也可以看成是两个并列的动词，用连词连接。故将presented改为presenting/+and。
4.考查连词。句意：在护士的帮助下，我们为老人们做了些清洁和打扫的工作。通过语境翻译可知，此处cleaning和washing为并列关系，应使用连词and。故将or改为and。
5.考查介词。句意：在护士的帮助下，我们为老人们做了些清洁和打扫的工作。with the help of sb.意为“在某人的帮助下”切合题意。故将under改为with。
6.考查非谓语动词语态。通过分析句子结构可知，having现在分词作伴随状语，主句主语为我们，与have为主动关系，结合翻译可知，此处意为“我们做了这些事”不存在被动语态，故been多余，应去掉been。
7.考查代词。句意：我们谈论着他们的过去的岁月、我们城市的变化和一切他们感兴趣的话题。根据语境翻译可知，过去的日子是老人们的，因此用their指代“他们的”合乎题意。故将our改为their。
8.考查介词。be interested in是固定搭配，意为“对…感兴趣”。故在interested后面加in。
9.考查时动词态。通过分析句子可知，when引导的时间状语从句时态为一般过去时，因此主句也应是一般过去时，使用thank的过去式。故将thank改为thanked。
10.考查固定搭配。“such+名词+that…”和“so+形容词+that…”均意为“如此….以至于”，通过分析句子成分可知，a beautiful day为名词性结构，应使用“such+名词+that…”结构。故将so改为such。
第三节 作文
52.假设你是李华，你的美国网友看完“哪吒之魔童降世”（Nezha）电影海外版之后非常喜欢，写信想请你再推荐一部中国电影，请你根据以下内容给他回信。内容包括：
1. 表示高兴;
2. 推荐一部电影(电影名字可用拼音表达);
3. 推荐的理由。（至少2条）
注意：
1. 词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯；
2. 开头及结尾为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear David,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David
I am delighted to know that you are fascinated by the Chinese film, Nezha. And I’m perfectly willing to recommend another impressive Chinese movie at your request.
Since I know animated films are your particular favorites, you can’t miss Monkey King: Hero Is Back . This animated film, which is also based on classic Chinese fairy tales, has much in common with Nezha, so I think it ’ll appeal to you. In addition, Monkey King and Nezha are both regarded as heroes by Chinese people. Through comparison , you will get a better understanding of traditional Chinese values and beliefs.
I hope you’ll find the movie well worth seeing.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封回信表达很高兴为他推荐一部电影，并说明推荐的理由。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
要求：1. 表示高兴;
2. 推荐一部电影(电影名字可用拼音表达);
3. 推荐的理由。（至少2条）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be delighted to；be fascinated by；at your request；be based on；in common with；appeal to
第三步：连词成句
1. I am delighted to know that you are fascinated by the Chinese film, Nezha.
2. I’m perfectly willing to recommend another impressive Chinese movie at your request.
3. I know animated films are your particular favorites you can’t miss Monkey King: Hero Is Back .
4. This animated film, which is also based on classic Chinese fairy tales, has much in common with Nezha.
5. Monkey King and Nezha are both regarded as heroes by Chinese people.
6. Through comparison , you will get a better understanding of traditional Chinese values and beliefs.
7. I hope you’ll find the movie well worth seeing.
第四步：连句成篇
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：while, meanwhile, However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】文章结构合理，思路清晰，使用了恰当的连接词及词组使行文连贯，如“which，so，in addition”。也运用了一些高级词汇和表达，如“be delighted to；be fascinated by；at your request”，以及定语从句、状语从句等，增加了文章的亮点，体现了学生较高的英语素养。
相关资料
更多
