高中英语语法倒装句讲解及练习(附答案)
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倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装
1全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1）here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：
Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。
2). up，down，out，away， in , off, ahead放于句首Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.
Ahead sat an old woman.
3）表示地点，时间，方向等的介词短语放在句首时例如：After the head walked a group of workers.
4.“作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语”形式的完全倒装
Seated in the front were the guests.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：
Here he comes. 他来了。 Away they went. 他们走开了。
2部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, scarely, in no way, under no circumstance, at no time决不, not until… 等。例如：
Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。
当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如：
The mother didn\'t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
典型例题
1）---Why can\'t I smoke here? ----At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know C. didn\'t man know D. did man know
2.Not only…but also前面倒装，后面不倒装
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。
3．Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，要倒装。
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
典型例题 No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun
4 so, neither, nor作部分倒装
so/neither/nor+be/can(should/will/could…..)/do(did/does)+sb表示\"也\"、\"也不\" 的句子要部分倒装。例如：
典型例题 ---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ---I don\'t know, _____.
A. nor don\'t I care B. nor do I care C. I don\'t care neither D. I don\'t care also
注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为\"的确如此\"。例如：
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It\'s raining hard.---So it is.
5 only在句首后接状语用总分倒装。例如：
Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：
Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。
注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。
e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this. only
Only a few young men went to the theatre. （修饰主语时则不用倒装）
Ex：1)Only in this way ___ make progress in your English. A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to
2) Only when the meeting was over___ go back to meet his friend. A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able to D. was able to he
3)Only after liberation___ to be treated as human beings.
A.did they begin B. they had begun C.they did begin D. had they begun
6 as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意：
1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。Child as he is， he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词
注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
7. so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如：
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。
Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
8. So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。
So happy did he feel. Such was me.
9. 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如： May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。
10. 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如： Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。
11. "分词(代词) + be + 主语"结构。如:
Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.
Such was the story he told me.
done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。
Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.
12.为了保持句子的平蘅或为了强调表语和状语，或使上下文紧密衔接，把它们放在句首用倒装句。该结构不需加助动词。
East of the town lies a beautiful lake.
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
Outside the doctor’s clinic were twenty patients.
倒装句练习：
- _______ and caught the mouse.
A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat
2.______ and the lesson began. A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came C. In came he D. came in Mr Brown
3. Over _______ , dead. A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled
4.— Where is my shirt, mum? —_________. A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it
5. — Where is your father? —Oh, ________.
A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he
6.The door opened and there ________ .
A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered
7. Now ______ your turn to recite the text. A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is
8. Often _____ them not to smoke here. A. we advised B. advised me C. did we advise D. had we advised
9. ________ playing soldiers.A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boys
C. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys
10. On the wall _______ two large portraits.A. are hanging B .Hanged C. hang D. hangs
11. _______ who was wounded in the stomach.
A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier
12. Next door to ours ________ , who is no less than eighty.
A. that lives an old man B. does an old man live C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man
13.She plays the piano very well, ______.
A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us
14.You say he works hard, ______, and _____.
A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do you C. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do
15. —I thought you women were present at the meeting. —__________.
A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we
16.I don’t think Jack will come today, _____. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesn’t C. Mary will either D. or Mary does
17. She is fond of cooking, _____I . A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do
18.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language.
A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles C. So was Engles D. So did Engles
19.A fish needs water and without water it will die._______.
A. So does a man B. So will a man C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man
20. So absorbed _______ the work that she often forgot to _____ her meals.
A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have
21.So loudly ______ that every one of the class could hear him.
A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke
22. __________ his apperance that no one could recognize him.
A. Strange so was B. So strange was C. Was so strange D. So was strange
23.Not once ______ their plan.A. did they change B. they changed C. changed they D. they did change
24. Never ______ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou. A. are seeing B. had I seen C. I have seen D. have I seen
25.Seldom ______ TV during the day. A. they watch B. are they watching C. have they watched D. do they watch
26.Nowhere ______ as in my garden.
A. the flowers were so beautiful B. were the flowers so beautiful
C. so beautiful were the flowers D. so beautiful the flowers were
27. Hardly ________ his homework when he went out.
A. finished he B. he had finished C. did he finish D. had he finished
28.Scarcely _____ finished their homework ______ I came into the classroom.
A. had they; than B. they had; when C. had they; when D. did they; when
29. Not only _______ a promise, but also he kept it.
A. has he made B. does he make C. he made D. did he make
30. Not until his comrades criticized him _______ to admit his mistake.
A. had he begun B. began he C. did he begin D. does he begin
