高中英语阅读理解专题

阅读理解专题Quiz 1Prozorov’s disappointment was shared by several grand masters who were present, some of whom were so upset that they shouted at the machine. Many chess players said that this meant the end of chess championships(锦标赛) around the world, since the fun had been taken out of the game.How did some of the grand masters feel about the chess game between Prozorov and the computer?A. They thought that the game was no fun.B. They thought that the game wasn’t fair.C. They agreed that Prozorov didn’t play well.D. They were unhappy that the computer had won. Quiz 2A nobleman and a merchant once met in an inn. For their lunch they both ordered soup. When it was brought, the nobleman took a spoonful, but the soup was so hot that he burned his mouth and tears came to his eyes, The merchant asked him why he was weeping. The nobleman was ashamed to admit (承认) that he had burned his mouth and answered, “Sir, I once had a brother who committed a great crime (犯罪), for which he was hanged. I was thinking of his death, and that made me weep.”The nobleman did not tell the truth because he ______.A. was a nobleman  B. felt ashamed C. was in an inn  D. was angry Quiz 3Mount Ebenezer is in the centre of Australia. Not many people live in “The Centre”. There are no schools with desks and blackboards and no teachers in “The Centre”. School is a room at home with a two-way radio. The teacher also has a two-way radio. Every morning she calls each student on the radio. When all students answer, lessons begin… Think of your teacher 300 miles away!In order to send their children to school, parents in “The Centre” of Australia must have ______.A. a property.  B. a car.  C. a school room at home.  D. a special radio. Quiz 4People living in the country can easily get fresh vegetables, fresh fruit and fresh milk, Are they get them at lower prices than in the city. Country life is economical (节俭的) in other ways, too. There are practically no temptations to waste money.What is probably more expensive in the country than in the city?A. Vegetables.   B. Beer.   C. Milk.   D. Fruit. Quiz 5Now and again I have had horrible dreams, but not enough of them to make me lose my delight in dreams. To begin with. I like the idea of dreaming, of going to bed and lying still and then, by some queer magic(神奇的魔力), wandering into another kind of existence.What is the author’s attitude toward dreaming?A. He likes it   B. He thinks it puzzlingC. He hates it   D. He doesn’t accept it as part of his life 阅读理解语篇理解：仔细阅读(careful reading)；快速阅读(quick reading)高考语篇阅读理解一、选材特点特点一： 选自英语原版；内容题材广泛；信息量大特点二： 语篇体裁涵盖面广：记叙、描述、说明、议论、应用文二、命题特点 确认事实或情节； 辨认特定细节； 归纳主题或论点； 选定篇名； 词义猜测； 推理题，如理解隐含意思、作者情绪和意图、预测下文等。三、阅读策略1. 关键对原文的准确理解2. 梳理主要事实或观点3. 注意各类体裁的语言特点 四、不同体裁范文详解记叙文I shifted uncomfortably inside my best suit and eased a finger inside the tight white collar . It was hot in the little bus and I had taken a seat on the wrong side where the summer sun beat on the windows. It was a strange outfit for the weather, but a few miles ahead my future employer might be waiting for me and I had to make a good impression.    There was a lot depending on this interview（It means this interview is very important）. Many friends who had qualified with me were unemployed or working in shops or as laborers in the shipyards. So many that I had almost given up hope of my future for myself as a veterinary (兽医) surgeon. There were usually two or three jobs advertised in the Veterinary Record each week and an average of eighty applicants for each one（It means the job was difficult to get）. It hadn’t seemed possible when the letter came from Darrowby in Yorkshire. M.S. Farnon would like to see me on the Friday afternoon; I was to come to tea and, if we were suited to each other, I could stay on as his assistant.Most young people coming from the colleges after five years of hard work were faced by a world unimpressed by their enthusiasm and bursting knowledge. So I had grabbed the lifeline unbelievingly. The driver crashed his gears again as we went into another steep bend陡峭的转弯. We had been climbing steadily now for the last fifteen miles or so, moving closer to the distant blue of the Pennine Hills. I had never been in the Yorkshire before, but the name had always raised a picture of a region as heavy and unromantic as the pudding of the same name; I was prepared for solid respectability, dullness and a total lack of charm. But as the bus made its way higher, I began to wonder.Suddenly I realized the bus was running along a narrow street which opened onto a square where we stopped. Above the window of a small grocer’s shop I read “Darrowby Cooperative Society”. We had arrived. I got out and stood beside my battered suitcase, looking about me. There was something unusual and I didn’t know what it was at first.Then it came to me. The other passengers had left, the driver had switched off the engine关掉引擎and there wasn’t a sound or a movement anywhere. The only visible sign of life was a group of old men sitting round the clock tower in the center of the square, but they might have been carved of stone. Darrowby was described in the guidebook as a grey little town on the River Arrow with a market place and little of interest except its two ancient bridges. But when you looked at it, its setting was beautiful. Everywhere from the windows of houses in Darrowby you could see the hills. There was a clearness in the air, a sense of space and airiness hat made me feel I had left something behind. The pressure of the city, the noise, the smoke —— already they seemed to be falling away from me.Trengate Street was a quiet road leading off he square and from there I had my first sight of Skeddale House. I knew it was the right place before I was near enough to read S. Farnon, Veterinary Surgeon on the old-fashioned brass name place. I knew by the ivy which grew untidily over the red brick, climbing up to the topmost windows. It was what the letter had said —— the only house with ivy. Andthis could be where I would work for the first time as a veterinary surgeon. I rang the doorbell.1. As he traveled on the bus, the writer regretted his choice of __________.A. seat   B. clothes  C. career   D. means of transport2. From the sentence —— So I had grabbed the lifeline unbelievingly, we can infer that the writer ___________.A. was confident of his ability to get the jobB. felt it a good opportunity for him to be interviewedC. was very careful about accepting the invitationD. was not sure whether to give up his choice of career3. What did the writer find unusual about Darrowby?A. The location of the bus stop.   B. The small number of shopsC. The design of the square    D. The lack of sound or activity4. How did the writer’s attitude change at the end of the story?A. He began to feel he might like living in Darrowby.B. He became less enthusiastic about the job.C. He realized his journey was possibly a waste of time.D. He found how much he loved to be a veterinarian. 记叙体裁小结通过叙述和描写梳理主要情节；仔细体会隐含意思和表达感情 新闻报道The first drop in what might be a flood of unheard Jackson material is a song called This Is It. which Sony had scheduled to send to radio stations on Sunday night. Based on a tape Mr. Jackson left behind containing only his piano and vocals a full arrangement was built, complete with swelling strings and his brothers’ backup vocals. The song is to run with the new Jackson film, perhaps not coincidentally called This Is It. The album goes on sale Oct.27, and the film is due out the next day.Mr. Jackson died on June 25, 2009, and Sony and the Jackson estate have only begun what is expected to be a long process of musical archaeology . “We probably have at least 100 songs in varying degrees of being finished,” said Rob Stringer, chairman of the Columbia/Eric Label Group, a Sony division. “And we think there probably is a lot more.”It is not clear when the song was written or recorded, Mr. Stringer said, and Sony originally believed that the tape was made around the time of Mr. Jackson’s 1991 album “Dangerous.” But it could have been much earlier, perhaps even as early as the album “Off the Wall,” from 1979. “We just found the song,” Mr. Stringer said. “It was titled This Is It in a box, and we listened to it.” This Is It was also to have been the title of Mr. Jackson’s 50-concert run in London; Mr. Stringer and others with knowledge of the production say the song was not part of it.One challenge in releasing new music could be security. Both Sony and the estate have kept a tight hold music and information and went to unusual lengths to prevent This Is It from leaking. Radio programmers said they had been told that they would be getting the song at midnight on Sunday —— Sony also planned to post it on MichaelJackson.com —— and even then they were not allowed to hear it. Even with those protections, 43 seconds of the song leaked over the weekend, apparently from Sony in Japan. Low-quality versions spread quickly.People who have heard the full track describe it as an inspirational love song. This is it/Here I stand Mr. Jackson sings. I’m the light of the world/I feel grand. It is a midtempo, major-key ballad, punctuated by light guitar riffs（n. short repeated pattern of notes in pop music and rich orchestration.   “Wherever This Is It comes from, its success on the radio is guaranteed. It will definitely be a spectacle场景.” Mr. Darden said, program director for the New York hip-hop station. “It’s Michael Jackson, and his fans will be his fans forever. Everybody loves him.” 1. Which of the following is NOT true about the song This Is It ?A. It had become very popular before Mr. Jackson died.B. Jackson’s 50-concert got the same name This Is It.C. It’s based on a tape Jackson left behind containing only his piano and vocals.D. It’s going to run with the new Jackson film in late October.2. The expression musical archaeology refers to ________.A. the study of Michael’s success in musicB. the research on the history of musicC. the discovery of Mr. Jackson’s secretD. the work on the production of Michael’s songs3. What can we learn from the passage?A. The tape of the song was made as early as the album Off the Wall in 1979.B. The song would only be sent to the radio station on Sunday night.C. The song was so well protected by Sony and the estate that it didn’t leak at all.D. The song will surely be a great success because it was sung by Michael Jackson.  4. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. The origin of Michael Jackson’s new songB. Michael Jackson’s new songC. Michael Jackson and his new songD.  The Safety of Michael Jackson’s new song 新闻报道小结注意开头句的主旨大意;注意文章展开中的事实;注意语言特征 议论文Age has its special advantages in America, and one of the more important of them is the senior citizen discount . Anyone who has reached a certain age —— in some cases as low as 55 —— is automatically entitled享有to price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility (有资格) is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses —— as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair are often given the discounts without even asking for them; yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and able to pay. Businesses thatwould never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” means “needy”. Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity (多样性) within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor. But most of them aren’t.It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus  to revenue (= total income). But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense , directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations. Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits, which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point. Encouraged by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job —— thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.     Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a frightening economic advantage to a group with millions of members who don’t need them. It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment; and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against —— discrimination (歧视) by age. 1. We learn from the first paragraph that __________.A. offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB. senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a better lifeC. giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD. senior citizens have to show their birth certificate to get a discount 2. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A. Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.B. Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to societyC. The elderly, being financially poor, need help from society.D. Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system. 3. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will __________.A. make old people even more dependent on societyB. builds up conflicts between the young and the oldC. have negative financial impact on business companiesD. bring a marked increase in the companies’ revenues 4. How does the author view the Social Security system?A. It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B. It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C. It benefits the old at the expense of the young.D. It should be reinforced by law and court decisions. 5. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s main argument?A. Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B. The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C. Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D. Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination. 议论体裁小结准确把握论题;梳理作者论点;把握文体特征;选择转述原文的选项 说明文语体比较正式；结构比较严谨；引出事实经过论证。Throughout the nation’s more than 15,000 school districts, widely differing approaches to teaching science and math have emerged. Though there can be strength in diversity, a new international analysis suggests that this variability has instead contributed to dull achievement scores by US children relative to their peers in other developed countries.Indeed, concludes William H. Schmidt of Michigan State University, who led the new analysis, “no single intellectually coherent (=connected logically) vision dominates US educational practice in math or science.” he reason, he said, is because the system is deeply and basically imperfect. The new analysis, released this week by the National Science Foundation in Arlington, Va., is based on data collected from about 50 nations as part of the ThirdInternational Mathematics and Science Study. Not only do approaches to teaching science and math vary among individual US communities, the report finds, but there appears to be little strategic focus within aschool district’s curricula (课程), its textbooks, or its teachers’ activities. This contrasts sharply with the coordinated national programs of most other countries.On average, US students study more topics within science and math than their counterparts (对应的人) do. This creates an educational environment that “is a mile wide and inch deep,  Schmidt notes.For instance, eighth graders in the United States cover about 33 topics in math versus just 19 in Japan. Among science courses, the international gap is even wider. US curricula for this age level resemble those of a small group of countries including Australia, Thailand, Iceland, and Bulgaria. Schmidt asks whether the United States wants to be classed with these nations, whose educational systems “share our pattern of splintered  visions” but which are not economic leaders.  The new report “couldn’t come at a better time ,” says Gerald Wheeler, executive director of the National Science Teachers Association in Arlington. “The new National Science Education Standards provide that focused vision,”including the call “to do less, but in greater depth.” Implementing the new science standards and their math counterparts will be the challenge, he and Schmidt agree, because the decentralized responsibility for education in the United States requires that any reforms be tailored and instituted one community at a time.   1. According to the passage, the teaching of science and math in America is __________.A. focused on tapping students’ potentialB. characterized by its diversityC. losing its vitality graduallyD. going downhill in recent years 2. The basic imperfection of American school education isthat __________.A. it lacks a coordinated national programB. it sets a very low academic standards for studentsC. it relies heavily on the initiative of individual teachersD. it attaches too much importance to intensive study of school subjects 3. By saying that the US educational environment is “a mile wide and an inch deep (Line 2, Para.5), the author means US educational practice __________.A. lays stress on quality at the expense of quantityB. offers an environment for comprehensive educationC. encourages learning both in depth and in scopeD. scratches the surface of a wide range of topics 4. The new National Science Education Standards are good news in that they will __________.A. provide depth to school science teachingB. solve most of the problems in school teachingC. be able to meet the demands of the communityD. quickly dominate US educational practice 5. Putting the new science and math standards into practice will prove difficult because __________.A. there is always disagreement in educational circlesB. not enough educators have realized the necessity for doing soC. school districts are responsible for making their own decisionsD. many schoolteachers challenge the acceptability ofthese standards 说明体裁小结用词正式，结构严谨，逻辑严密；梳理事实，准确理解关键句。 口头陈述文语体正式或非正式通过关键词抓主要信息Greenspace facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present it is generally accepted, although more as a selfevident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof.  The recognition of the importance of greenspaces in the urban environment is a first step on the right way, this does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of greenspace in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject I shall, within the range of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the recreative function of greenspace facilities. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-andcountry planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighbourhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house. The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory  activities can also have a recreative aspect.The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, becausethe risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you. 1. The recognition of the importance of greenspace facilities is due to all of the following EXCEPT __________.A. sufficient details about the functions of greenspaceB. large amount of lectures and books on this topicC. it is almost self-evidentD. scientific proof of the idea 2. In this lecture what topic does the author specifically deal with?A. The importance of greenspace facilities.B. The recreative possibilities in the neighbourhood.C. The recreational activities and standard of living.D. The recreative function of greenspace facilities 3. What has caused recreation separated from living and working?A. The town-and-country planning.B. Unwise city planningC. The limited space in cities.D. Most people’s preference. 4. What conclusion does the author draw in the 2nd paragraph?A. We should spend more time on recreation.B. Recreation shouldn’t be separated from living and working.C. The urban environment should offer more recreative possibilities.D. The urban environment should include more greenspace facilities. 5. What is the best standard of living according to the author?A. One can take a pleasant walk in the district one lives in.B. There is no risk for children to play in the streets.C. One feels free to do what he likes.D. One can enjoy oneself in the living district. 语篇阅读归纳阅读各种题材和体裁的文章；仔细阅读、真正读懂；读懂的前提下，运用技巧处理文章信息。