2025-2026学年河南省普通高中高一（下）期中英语试卷

这是一份2025-2026学年河南省普通高中高一（下）期中英语试卷，文件包含河南郑州外国语学校2026届高三下学期适应性训练一化学答案pdf、河南郑州外国语学校2026届高三下学期适应性训练一化学试卷pdf等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共10页， 欢迎下载使用。
A
Befre my first hike t the Rcky Muntains，I was a hmebdy.I had friends t hang ut with，several hbbies，and I felt cmfrtable spending weeks r even mnths in my hmetwn withut ging anywhere.I thught there was n difference between seeing smething n TV and seeing smething with ne's wn eyes.
The situatin changed ne day when Adam，my best friend，came t my rm.He succeeded in persuading me t jin him n his trip t the Rcky Muntains.
This was my first time in the muntains，s I was turning my head in all directins.Unluckily，the weather was fggy mst f the time，and the higher we climbed the muntains，the less we culd see.But I still enjyed the hike.I walked fast，and because f that I ran ut f energy lng befre we gt t the tp.Adam knew hw t save energy.
When we finally gt t the tp，nthing had really changed.The same fg was cvering everything.I felt disappinted，as I expected t see the view frm abve and take sme phts.We spent a cuple f hurs n the tp，and decided t turn back.Then the wind suddenly cleared the cluds and the sun came ut.It wasn't until then that I knew hw beautiful the muntains lked.And fr sme mments I culdn't believe my eyes.
This experience inspired me t break thrugh my limitatins and accept new challenges.I realized that I wuldn't be able t live a life withut visiting the muntains at least twice a year.
1.What a persn did the authr use t be befre his first hike t the Rcky Muntains？______
A. One enjyed hiking in the muntains.
B. One felt cmfrtable in his hmetwn.
C. One liked persuading thers.
D. One was gd at talking with thers.
2.What made the authr unhappy during his first hike？______
A. Feeling tired during the hike.
B. Nt taking a camera with him.
C. Having t climb fr a lng time.
D. The heavy fg cvering everything.
3.Hw did the authr mst prbably feel after the hike？______
A. Disappinted.B. Cmfrtable.C. Encuraged.D. Cnfused.
B
In a wheat field in France，a cat meets a black-bellied hamster （仓鼠）.T far frm her burrw （洞穴） t run fr shelter，the wild hamster rises n her back legs t face her enemy.The cat backs away. "They're afraid f nthing，" says Alexandre Lehmann，a bilgist wh has wrked with these wild hamsters fr the past 12 years. "They fight against cats and dgs and even farmers.They try t fight against tractrs." It's a gd thing that the black-bellied hamster wn't g dwn with a fight. Because in France，where nly 500 t 1，000 remain in the wild，they are in a fight fr their lives.
At the Strk and Otter Re-intrductin Centre in Alsace，Lehmann and his clleagues breed captive hamsters and set the yung hamsters free int the wild.But raising black-bellied hamsters isn't exactly easy.Remember，they have attitude.Frget humans — they dn't even like each ther. "Yu have t make sure the male and female dn't kill each ther，" Lehmann says.
Black-bellied hamsters might think f themselves as tugh guys.But t a fx r an eagle，they're just a fur-legged snack.T survive，hamsters need t be set int a field with lts f leafy hiding places.That's a prblem in Alsace，where mst farmers plant crn.The crn hasn't spruted （发芽） in early spring，when hamsters cme ut f their burrws frm hibernatin （冬眠）.In the bare fields the hamsters are easy targets fr their enemies.
Sme lder farmers dn't want hamsters in their fields because f their reputatin as crp-chewing pests.But mst are willing t help，especially since the French gvernment will pay farmers t grw early-spruting crps such as alfalfa and winter wheat and allw hamsters t be set free n their lands.It's a way t prtect nt nly the hamsters，but als ther small animals in leafy fields.
4.By saying "It's a gd thing that the black-bellied hamster wn't g dwn with a fight." in Paragraph 1，the authr means "______ ."
A. The black-bellied hamsters are brn fighters
B. The number f hamsters wn't g dwn quickly
C. It's gd fr the increase f hamsters' ppulatin
D. It's a quite great experience t see hamsters fighting
5.Why is it hard t raise black-bellied hamsters？______
A. They will run int the wild.
B. They are nt fnd f humans.
C. The male and female wn't live in peace.
D. The male can't understand the female's attitude.
6.What prblem d hamsters trying t survive in Alsace have？______
A. Their burrws are always taken by fxes.
B. They are unable t feed themselves n crn.
C. Their hibernatin is disturbed frequently.
D. They are expsed t their enemies in early spring.
7.Thse farmers wh are willing t help hamsters will ______ .
A. plant mre crnB. try t get rid f pests
C. grw plants that sht earlyD. separate them frm ther animals
C
If yu're reading this，yu were prbably brn in the 2000s.The h — hs.The 21st century.That wuld make yu yung，creative，cnnected，glbal，and n dubt smart.Maybe gd — lking，t.Right？But what d ther peple think abut yur generatin？
Sme adults wrry that yu're mre interested in the screen in frnt f yu than the wrld arund yu.They think f yu as the "face — dwn generatin" because yu use yur phne s much and they wnder hw yu will deal with schl，friends，and family.Are tday's teenagers t busy texting and taking selfies t becme successful in real life — r "IRL"，as yu wuld say？
Other adults wrry that tday's yuth are spilt （宠坏的） and dn't want t face the challenges f adult life.Many children brn in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by "helicpter parents" wh were always there t guide and help them with a busy schedule filled with hmewrk and extra — curricular activities such as dancing，drawing，r sprts.With parents wh d everything fr them，tday's yuth seem t prefer t live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s r 30s.
Des the face — dwn generatin need a heads — up？Well，prbably nt.The fact is that many f tday's teenagers are better educated and mre creative than past generatins.They als seem t be enthusiastic （热情的） and willing t becme leaders.Mre yung peple than ever vlunteer t help their cmmunities.There are als brave yung peple such as Malala Yusafzai，the teenager wh wn the 2014 Nbel Peace Prize fr pushing girls' rights t g t schl.
S if yu're ne f the h — hs，there's reasn t be hpeful abut the future.Things are lking up fr the face — dwn generatin.Chances are that yu will d GR8 （great） and LOL （laugh ut lud）.
8.Accrding t the passage，what is a cmmn cncern amng sme adults abut the "face — dwn generatin"？______
A. They lack creativity and intelligence.
B. They are t fcused n their phnes rather than the real wrld.
C. They have n interest in extra — curricular activities.
D. They are unwilling t use mdern technlgy.
9.The underlined phrase "helicpter parents" in Paragraph 3 mst prbably means parents wh ______ .
A. wrk as a helicpter pilt
B. ften travel arund by helicpter
C. are verly invlved in their child's life
D. encurage their child t be independent
10.What can we infer abut the writer's attitude twards the yunger generatin？______
A. Wrried and critical.B. Hpeful and psitive.
C. Indifferent and neutral.D. Dubtful but curius.
11.Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage？______
A. The Rise f Helicpter Parents
B. Challenges Facing Tday's Yuth
C. The Face — Dwn Generatin：A Reasn t Be Hpeful
D. Hw t Deal with Teenagers' Phne Addictin
D
Researchers have built the smallest fully prgrammable autnmus rbts ever created.These machines can swim thrugh liquid，sense their surrundings，respnd n their wn，and perate fr mnths at a time.Pwered entirely by light，the rbts cntain minicmputers that allw them t fllw prgrammed paths，detect lcal temperature changes，and adjust their mvement in respnse.
As is knwn，fish and ther large swimmers mve by pushing water backward，generating frward mtin.The tiny rbts take a very different apprach.These rbts generate an electrical field that gently pushes charged bits in the surrunding liquid.As thse charged bits mve，they drag nearby tiny water mlecules with them，effectively creating mtin in the liquid arund the rbt.
True autnmy requires mre than mvement.A rbt must als be able t sense its envirnment，make decisins，and pwer itself.All f thse parts must fit nt a chip that is nly a small part f a millimeter acrss.
One f the biggest prblems was pwer. "The key challenge fr the electrnics，" Blaauw，a researcher，says， "is that the slar bards are tiny and prduce nly 75 nanwatts （纳瓦） f pwer." T make the system wrk，the team designed specialized circuits that perate at extremely lw vltages （电压），cutting pwer cnsumptin by mre than 1，000 times.
Space was anther majr limitatin.The slar bards take up mst f the rbt's surface，leaving very little rm fr cmputing hardware.T slve this，the researchers redesigned hw the rbt's sftware wrks. "We squeezed what wuld usually require many instructins fr mvement cntrl int a single，special instructin t reduce the prgram's length t fit in the rbt's tiny memry space，" Blaauw explains.
Tgether，these advances prduced what the researchers believe is the first sub-millimeter rbt capable f real decisin-making. "This is really just the first chapter，" says Blaauw. "We've shwn that yu can put a brain，a sensr and a mtr int smething almst t small t see，and have it survive and wrk fr mnths.Once yu have that fundatin，yu can layer n all kinds f intelligence and functinality.It pens the dr t a whle new future fr mini-rbts."
12.What mainly pwers the tiny rbts？______
A. Batteries.B. Water flw.
C. Slar bards.D. Electric fields.
13.What guarantees the rbt's true autnmy？______
A. Big memry space.B. Integrated key parts.
C. Lng prgram length.D. Single mvement step.
14.What was the key challenge fr the rbts' electrnics？______
A. Limited memry space.B. High vltage requirements.
C. Extremely lw pwer supply.D. Unstable temperature cntrl.
15.What is the main significance f the research accrding t Blaauw？______
A. Creating lng-lasting micr-batteries.
B. Develping new slar pwer systems.
C. Achieving full autmatin in large rbts.
D. Enabling intelligence in nearly invisible rbts.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
As the cllege entrance examinatin was appraching，I was under great pressure in senir three.I fixed my mind entirely n review every day，wishing t imprve my grades steadily.The cnstant chirps frm a bird nest in the ld banyan tree utside the windw always disturbed my study.（1）______ I even discussed with my classmates whether we culd ask the schl t remve the nest.
（2）______ He did nt criticize ur selfish idea at all.In his reply，he tld us that every small life shuld be respected，and we needed t learn t live in harmny with birds while pursuing ur dreams.T help us study better，the schl prepared thick sund-prf curtains and changed part f ur evening self-study time prperly.
We were mved by the headmaster's kindness.（3）______ The teacher intrduced that these birds were in their breeding perid and wuld leave campus sn.She als tld us the imprtance f prtecting wild birds and keeping the eclgical balance.My annyance with the chirps disappeared little by little.
One day after class，I went clse t the banyan tree t watch the nest.I saw the mther bird flying back and frth with fd fr her babies.The warm picture made me feel sft in my heart.（4）______
This experience has changed my attitude twards life.（5）______ I finally understd that real grwth is nt nly gaining excellent academic results but als learning t be tlerant，gentle and respectful t all lives arund us.This warm memry will stay in my heart frever.
A.I lst my fcus cmpletely.
B.I n lnger saw the chirps as nise.
C.The headmaster replied t us warmly.
D.We attended a special bilgy lecture.
E.It taught me what real grwth truly means.
F.I tried t find a quiet place t study alne.
G.Small and lvely lives deserve ur care and prtectin
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
"There are stries all arund yu，" I tell my creative nnfictin students when they're struggling with hw t get ideas. "All yu have t d is pen yur eyes and see them."
And then (21) ，I had t clse my eyes.
It began with a night in the Emergency Rm，fllwed by a surgery repairing my trn retina （视网膜） in less than ten minutes.I was (22) fr health insurance and the miracles f mdern medicine.
Until the dctr tld me I had t (23) straight ahead — fr ten days.
"N reading.N writing.N prfessing，" he said. " (24) everything that causes yu t mve yur eyes frm side t side.Yu must lk frward until yur eye (25) gets 'glued in'."
On the way hme，I kept my eyes shut，afraid t mve them frm side t side and ruin my (26) .In my mind I recalled the (27) n this busy street I'd seen cuntless times，as if painting (28) n the back f my eyelids.
The next mrning，I (29) fr my tthbrush，slwly feeling its handle.I tasted breakfast withut lking dwn n my plate. (30) I'd blcked ut sirens （警笛声） and ther urban (31) ；nw I heard birds chirping （叽叽喳喳），singing new sngs.Children's screams in the schlyard acrss the street (32) my neighbrs，but hw free and jyful they sunded.I had tended t tune them ut and nt ntice them.
My eye and I (33) ten days f endless hurs.When the dctr gave me the (34) t ease int reading and cmputer wrk，I was (35) t write again.I had several new stries t write.This is the first ne.
21.A. suddenlyB. graduallyC. eventuallyD. frequently
22.A. preparedB. anxiusC. carefulD. grateful
23.A. gB. stareC. investigateD. charge
24.A. DefendB. AdmitC. AvidD. Update
25.A. repairB. cntactC. makeupD. shape
26.A. privacyB. perfrmanceC. recveryD. plan
27.A. crwdsB. carsC. phtsD. buildings
28.A. prtraitsB. imagesC. dreamsD. realities
29.A. searchedB. reachedC. shtD. lked
30.A. ParticularlyB. EvidentlyC. PreviuslyD. Instantly
31.A. nisesB. lifestylesC. emtinsD. supplies
32.A. annyedB. pleasedC. impressedD. threatened
33.A. filledB. survivedC. devtedD. faced
34.A. fllw-upB. heads-upC. g-aheadD. warm-up
35.A. embarrassedB. relaxedC. disappintedD. thrilled
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Spring Festival Gala has becme a stage t shwcase China's cutting-edge rbtics.The 2026 gala was particularly impressive，as it (1) （ bring） Chinese martial arts （武术） and rbtic technlgy tgether in a way that was bth innvative and visually engaging.
In the 2025 Year f the Snake Gala，rbts directed by filmmaker Zhang Yimu danced in Yangge BOT.Dressed (2) clrful cttn cats，16 rbts waved red handkerchiefs while dancing in line with the human (3) （ perfrmer） .Fast frward t the 2026 Year f the Hrse Gala，and the rbts had truly evlved.In Wu BOT，rbts demnstrated Chinese martial arts with impressive precisin.What was particularly (4) （ strike） was their speed — these rbts culd run nt the stage fast (5) quickly repsitin themselves，perfrming cmplex fighting mves.
Accrding t Wang Xingxing，funder f Unitree Rbtics， (6) technlgy behind these perfrmances had advanced s rapidly that many f the techniques (7) （ display） in Wu BOT simply did nt exist befre the team began preparing fr the gala.Each mvement had t be precise t within 0.01 secnds (8) （ match） the music and the human partners，which was (9) （ previus） thught impssible.
Frm Yangge BOT t Wu BOT，Chinese rbtics is prgressing at an incredible speed.The questin nw is nt whether rbts will appear n next year's gala，but (10) new wnders they will bring.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，为庆祝即将到来的五四青年节，你校将举办一场文艺演出，届时有外教出席。现面向学生招募一名英文主持人，请你写一封信申请该职位，内容包括：
（1）申请的理由；
（2）自身的优势。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir r Madam，
__________
Yurs，
Li Hua
38. I （Darwin Zapp） grew up watching Hng Kng kung fu mvies with my father and grandfather — Jackie Chan and Dnnie Yen were my heres.I always dreamed f learning kung fu，but I never thught I wuld find a teacher in my hmetwn f Sydney，Australia.That changed when I jined my university's martial arts （武术） club and met Li Xiaran，a Chinese student wh was learning kung fu frm Master Ye Bingchen.Li invited me t jin their training，and that's where I met Lrenz Ppli，anther Australian wh shared my passin fr Chinese martial arts.
At first，we had many misunderstandings.Lrenz and I thught kung fu was just abut fighting — we wanted t learn cl mves t shw ff.But Master Ye taught us that kung fu is an art，nt a weapn （武器）.He explained the cultural meaning behind each mve：respect fr elders，discipline （自制力），and harmny.He als tld us that many Australians misunderstd Chinese martial arts，seeing it nly as a frm f fighting.Thrugh training，we began t understand — kung fu is abut self-imprvement，nt beating thers.This was a new idea fr us；in Australian culture，sprts are ften abut cmpetitin，but kung fu taught us t cmpete with urselves.
Lrenz and I became clse friends thrugh ur training.We wuld practice tgether fr hurs，helping each ther crrect ur mves and discussing the differences between Chinese and Australian cultures.Li wuld tell us stries abut Chinese traditins，and we wuld share ur wn culture with him.Master Ye ften said， "Martial arts is a bridge that cnnects different cultures." He was right.Kung fu brught three peple frm different backgrunds tgether — Chinese，Australian，and Italian-Australian — and taught us t respect and appreciate ur differences.
One day，we received an invitatin t perfrm kung fu at a lcal cultural exchange event in Sydney.When we were preparing fr the perfrmance，smething unexpected happened — Lrenz accidentally sprained his ankle while practicing a difficult mve，making it impssible fr him t perfrm the part we had prepared fr weeks.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1 Feeling panicked，we wrried that we wuld have t give up the perfrmance，then I turned t Li and Master Ye fr help.________
Paragraph 2 With ur new perfrmance planned prperly and ur hearts full f cnfidence，we stepped nt the stage hand in hand.________
1~3.【答案】B、D、C
4~7.【答案】C、C、D、C
8~11.【答案】B、C、B、C
12~15.【答案】C、B、C、D
16~20.【答案】A、C、D、B、E
21~35.【答案】A、D、B、C、A、C、D、B、B、C、A、A、B、C、D
36.【答案】【小题1】
brught
【小题2】
in
【小题3】
perfrmers
【小题4】
striking
【小题5】
and
【小题6】
the
【小题7】
displayed
【小题8】
t match
【小题9】
previusly
【小题10】
what
37.【答案】Dear Sir r Madam，
I'm writing t apply fr the English hst psitin fr the upcming Yuth Day perfrmance.I'm eager t take this rle because I want t help bridge the gap between ur students and freign teachers，and shwcase ur yuth's spirit.
I'm cnfident in my ability.I have fluent ral English and rich hsting experience frm schl events.I'm als utging and gd at interacting with audiences.
I believe I can make the shw a success.I wuld appreciate it if I culd be chsen.
Yurs，
Li Hua
38.【答案】 Feeling panicked，we wrried that we wuld have t give up the perfrmance，then I turned t Li and Master Ye fr help.Master Ye smiled calmly and said， "Kung fu is never abut ne single mve r persn — it's abut teamwrk and adaptability." Li suggested redesigning the perfrmance with Lrenz sitting，fcusing n his upper-bdy mvements.Inspired by their advice，we wrked hard fr the next tw days.Lrenz practiced frm his chair，while Li and I adjusted ur psitins arund him t create a balanced frmatin.Master Ye reminded us that true martial arts spirit shines brightest when facing difficulties with a calm heart.
With ur new perfrmance planned prperly and ur hearts full f cnfidence，we stepped nt the stage hand in hand.The audience watched quietly as we began.Lrenz，seated in the center，mved his arms with grace and pwer，while Li and I circled arund him，ur mves perfectly matched.We shwed nt nly the beauty f kung fu but als the strength f friendship and mutual supprt.When we finished，the crwd burst int warm applause.At that mment，I finally understd Master Ye's wrds — kung fu is truly a bridge，and real victry lies in never giving up n each ther.