北京市平谷区2026年初中学业水平考试统一练习（一）英语试题 [含答案]

这是一份北京市平谷区2026年初中学业水平考试统一练习（一）英语试题 [含答案]，共19页。试卷主要包含了单项填空，完形填空，阅读理解，阅读表达，文段表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空。（每题0.5分，共6分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My sister is a teacher. ________ wrks in a middle schl.
A. HeB. SheC. ItD. They
【正确答案】B
【详解】句意：我的姐姐是一名老师。她在一所中学工作。
He他；She她；It它；They他们。根据“My sister”可知，主语是女性单数，应用She指代“My sister”。
2. I plan t climb Yaji Muntain with my friends ________ May 2nd this year.
A. atB. inC. nD. t
【正确答案】C
【详解】句意：我计划在今年5月2日和我的朋友们一起去爬丫髻山。
at通常用于表示具体的时间点，如几点几分；in用于表示在某个较长的时间段内，如年、月、季节等；n用于表示具体某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；t通常不用于表示时间，而是表示方向、目的等。根据“May 2nd this year”可知，此处指的是具体的某一天，应填n。
3. I must g right nw, ________ I will miss the bus.
A. andB. butC. sD. r
【正确答案】D
【详解】句意：我必须马上走，否则我会错过公交车。
and和、并且，表并列或顺承关系；but但是，表转折关系；s所以，表因果关系；r或者、否则，表选择或条件关系。根据“I must g right nw”和“I will miss the bus”可知，前后句存在条件关系，即如果不马上走就会错过公交车，“r”符合语境，应填r。
4. —Which d yu like ________, swimming r running?
—Running.
A. wellB. betterC. bestD. the best
【正确答案】B
【详解】句意：——游泳和跑步，你更喜欢哪一个？——跑步。
考查比较级。由“swimming r running”可知，在两者之间选择，故用比较级。故选B。
5. — Anne, ________ d yu g t the library?
— Once a week.
A. hw lngB. hw ftenC. hw snD. hw much
【正确答案】B
【详解】句意：——安妮，你多久去一次图书馆？——一周一次。
hw lng多长，询问时间段或长度；hw ften 多久一次，询问频率；hw sn多久以后；hw much 多少，询问数量或价格。答语“Once a week.”提示，此处是对频率进行提问。
6. —Peter, ________ yu finish the pster in ten minutes?
—Yes, f curse I can.
A. canB. mustC. needD. shuld
【正确答案】A
【详解】句意：——彼得，你十分钟内能完成海报吗？——是的，我当然可以。
can能/可以；must必须；need需要；shuld应该。根据答句“Yes, f curse I can”可知，问句询问“能否”完成，应填can。
7. David ________ a picture when his dad gt hme yesterday evening.
A. drawsB. will drawC. is drawingD. was drawing
【正确答案】D
【详解】句意：昨天晚上大卫的爸爸到家时，他正在画画。
根据时间状语“when his dad gt hme yesterday evening”可知，这里描述的是过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，所以用过去进行时，应填was drawing。
8. —What did yu d last Sunday?
—I ________ t enjy the peach flwers with my family.
A. gB. gesC. wentD. will g
【正确答案】C
【详解】句意：——上周日你做了什么？——我和家人一起去赏桃花了。
根据问句中的时间状语“last Sunday”以及助动词“did”可知，此处询问的是过去发生的动作，答语应用一般过去时。g的过去式为不规则变化went。因此，went符合语法要求。
9. My uncle ________ in Beijing since he graduated frm university.
A. livesB. livedC. will liveD. has lived
【正确答案】D
【详解】句意：我叔叔自从大学毕业以来就一直住在北京。
结合句中时间状语“since he graduated frm university”，说明动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语“My uncle”属于第三人称单数，用has；“live”（居住）的过去分词为lived 。
10. —Where is yur little sister?
—Oh, she ________ with water in the bathrm.
A. playsB. playedC. is playingD. will play
【正确答案】C
【详解】句意：——你的妹妹在哪里？——哦，她正在浴室玩水。
根据问句“Where is yur little sister?”可知，询问的是妹妹现在的位置，答句应描述妹妹正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时，应填is playing。
11. In this factry, mst f the wrk ________ by rbts nw.
A. desB. didC. is dneD. was dne
【正确答案】C
【详解】句意：在这家工厂，现在大部分工作都被机器人完成。
主语mst f the wrk与动词d之间是被动关系，且由by rbts可知应用被动语态，根据时间状语nw可知时态为一般现在时，结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，wrk是不可数名词，be动词用is，应填is dne。
12. —Culd yu tell me ________ the schl trip t Beijing Science and Technlgy Museum?
—Next Wednesday.
A. when we will haveB. when will we haveC. when we hadD. when did we have
【正确答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们什么时候去北京科技馆进行学校旅行吗？——下周三。
根据答句“Next Wednesday.”可知，问句是在询问将来的时间，且宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以应填when we will have。
二、完形填空。（每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Making Anther Kid’s Day
It was the day after New Year’s. The air smelled f jy and laughter. My mm tk me t Chuck E. Cheese’s, my favrite place t play games.
I was really lucky that day. Every game I tuched seemed t pur ut tickets like a waterfall — red, blue, and yellw nes grwing in my hands. I kept putting them int my pcket, and I felt like a(n) ____13____.
Then I saw a claw machine in the crner. A little by, maybe seven years ld, was pulling the jystick with all his strength. His dad std behind him, cheering sftly. The by’s face was full f ____14____, as if that ty was all he cared abut. He put in a tken and mved the jystick carefully. The claw drpped, catching a small ty bear. Yes! But just as it lifted, the claw let g, and the bear fell back dwn. The by’s smile ____15____.
“That’s kay,” his dad encuraged him gently. “Try again.”
The by put in anther tken. This time, the claw missed cmpletely. His shulders drpped. One mre tken, and the claw caught a ty, but halfway up, it stpped and the ty fell. T make things ____16____, his tickets gt stuck inside the machine.
The by’s eyes filled with tears. His father tried t help, but there was nthing he culd d. The by lked s disappinted, as if his whle day was brken.
I std there watching him. At that mment, I realized I culd use my wn ____17____ t help him and give him a Kid’s Day. I walked ver and said, “Hey!” He lked up. I cunted ut twenty f my wn red tickets.
“These are fr yu,” I said. “They’re fr the tickets yu lst.”
The by’s eyes ____18____ in surprise.
“Really?” he asked quietly.
“Really,” I answered. “Everyne has hard times, but yu’re s brave and yu deserve t(应得的) have a gd time.” He tk the tickets ____19____, and his face lit up with a big smile. He turned t his dad and shuted, “Dad! Lk!”
He ran t the prize cunter, hlding the tickets high. His dad smiled and said, “Thank yu. Yu made his hliday.”
I watched him pick ut a small ty car. He waved at me, and I waved back.
My mm said, “That was very kind.”
I smiled. Making thers happy gave me mre jy than any prize. A small act f ____20____ can brighten anyne’s day.
13. A. artistB. wnerC. playerD. champin
14. A. wrryB. surpriseC. excitementD. cmpetitin
15. A. shwedB. spreadC. remainedD. disappeared
16. A. clerB. wrseC. easierD. faster
17. A. tysB. ticketsC. snacksD. cards
18. A. widenedB. sftenedC. brightenedD. mved
19. A. quietlyB. luckilyC. happilyD. nervusly
20. A. fitnessB. kindnessC. shynessD. carelessness
【正确答案】13. D 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B
【导语】本文讲述了作者在Chuck E. Cheese游乐场，用自己赢来的游戏票帮助一个小男孩，让他重拾快乐的暖心故事。
【13题详解】
句意：我不停地把票塞进口袋里，感觉自己像个冠军。
前文提到作者玩的每台游戏机都像瀑布一样吐票，手里的票越来越多，这种“一路赢到底”的状态，让他感觉像个胜利者。artist（艺术家）、wner（主人）、player（玩家）均不符合语境，champin（冠军）能体现他“大获全胜”的得意心情。
【14题详解】
句意：男孩的脸上写满了兴奋，仿佛那个玩具就是他的全部。
小男孩正全神贯注地玩抓娃娃机，把所有力气都用来拉操纵杆，此时他的心情是激动、兴奋的。wrry（担忧）、surprise（惊讶）、cmpetitin（竞争）均不符合他专注投入的状态，excitement（兴奋）契合他对玩具的渴望。
【15题详解】
句意：但就在爪子把玩具举起来的瞬间，它停住了，玩具掉了下来。男孩的笑容消失了。
男孩的玩具掉下来，抓娃娃失败，他脸上的笑容自然就没了。shwed（展示）、spread（展开）、remained（保持）均与语境相反，disappeared（消失）完美体现了笑容从有到无的变化。
【16题详解】
句意：更糟的是，他的游戏票也卡在了机器里。
男孩已经抓不到娃娃，现在连票也卡住了，情况变得更差了。cler（更酷）、easier（更容易）、faster（更快）均不符合“雪上加霜”的逻辑，wrse（更糟）符合固定搭配 t make things wrse，意为“更糟糕的是”。
【17题详解】
句意：那一刻，我意识到我可以用自己的票来帮他，给他一个“儿童欢乐日”。
前文提到作者赢了很多票，而男孩因为票卡住了很失落，所以作者想用自己的票帮助他。tys（玩具）、snacks（零食）、cards（卡片）均不是作者能立刻拿出、且能解决男孩困境的东西，tickets（票）是符合上下文的关键物品。
【18题详解】
句意：男孩惊讶地睁大了眼睛。
当作者说要把票送给他时，男孩的反应是惊喜的，眼睛会不自觉地睁大。sftened（变柔和）、brightened（发亮）、mved（感动）均与“in surprise”不匹配，widened（睁大）是惊讶时的典型动作。
【19题详解】
句意：他开心地接过票，脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。
男孩收到票，解决了问题，心情是开心的。quietly（安静地）、luckily（幸运地）、nervusly（紧张地）均不符合他此时的心情，happily（开心地）完美体现了他的喜悦。
【20题详解】
句意：一个小小的善举，就能点亮任何人的一天。
作者通过送票这个善意的行为，让男孩重拾快乐，也让自己感受到了更多的快乐。fitness（健康）、shyness（害羞）、carelessness（粗心）均与文章主旨无关，kindness（善意 / 善举）点明了全文的主题。
三、阅读理解。（每题2分，共26分）
（一）阅读下列体育活动介绍，请根据人物需求选择最适合的运动项目，并将运动项目对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A
【正确答案】21. C 22. B
23. D
【导语】本文是三位学生对自己所选体育项目的介绍，包括排球、跳远和羽毛球。
【21题详解】
Xiayu在第一段第1句说“I chse vlleyball passing…”，直接表明她选择的是排球传球。
【22题详解】
Jin Ha在第二段第1句说“I chse lng jump”，明确他选择跳远。
【23题详解】
Lisa在第三段第1句说“I chse playing badmintn”，说明她选择打羽毛球。
（二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
B
I grew up in a small twn called Palmerstn, Ontari. My parents had a small stre, and we lived a simple life. In high schl, I dreamed f wrking in TV. But when I talked t a schl advisr, she tld me I culd nly be a nurse, a teacher, r a hairdresser. I was t shy t tell anyne abut my real dream — except my parents. They always said, “Yu can d anything yu want.”
With their supprt, I applied fr (申请) the radi and TV prgram at Ryersn University in Trnt. I was accepted and graduated as the best student. But finding a jb was nt easy. CBC and CTV bth said NO t me because I had n experience.
Then I heard that Glbal Televisin was just starting. I made a brave decisin. I fund the name f the president and decided t call him directly. My heart was beating fast, but I practiced what I wuld say. When he answered the phne, I plitely asked fr a visit t the studi. He was surprised but agreed.
I chse 11 ’clck fr the visit, hping he might ask me t lunch. Sure enugh, after the tur, he did. During the lunch, he asked me directly, “What d yu want?” I answered, “All I want is a chance. If there is a jb n camera, I want a chance t try. I just want yu t knw me.”
Three mnths later, his secretary called. There was a chance t try ut fr a new game shw called Wintari. I went, and everything went well. I gt the jb at nce. That was the start f a 22-year career. I went n t hst hundreds f shws, appeared in ads, mvies and celebratins, and built a life I had nly dreamed f as a teenager.
Lking back, I learned that dreams dn’t cme true by waiting. Yu have t be brave, take risks, and take the first step — even when yu are afraid. One phne call changed my life. Yu never knw where yur curage will lead yu.
24. Hw did the writer feel when she called the president f Glbal Televisin?
A. Relaxed.B. Nervus.C. Excited.D. Bred.
25. What happened t the writer after she made the phne call?
A. She gt an n-camera jb at nce.B. She was invited t hst a shw that day.
C. She had a tur and lunch with the president.D. She was tld t cme back three mnths later.
26. What can we learn frm the writer’s experience?
A. Dn’t take any risks in life.B. Dn’t give up yur dreams easily.
C. Dn’t blindly fllw thers’ advice.D. Dn’t make friends with strict peple.
【正确答案】24. B 25. C 26. B
【导语】本文讲述了作者从小梦想从事电视行业，在父母的支持下进入大学学习广播电视专业。文章告诉我们，梦想需要勇气和行动才能实现。
【24题详解】
根据第三段“My heart was beating fast”表明她当时非常紧张。选项B“Nervus”意为“紧张的”，符合文意。
【25题详解】
根据第三段“When he answered the phne, I plitely asked fr a visit t the studi. He was surprised but agreed.” 第四段原文：“I chse 11 ’clck fr the enugh, after the tur, he did.” 因此她得到了参观工作室并与总裁共进午餐的机会。
【26题详解】
根据最后一段“Yu have t be brave, take risks, and take the first step — even when yu are afraid.” 作者通过自己的经历告诉读者，梦想不会通过等待实现，需要勇气和行动。这启示我们不要轻易放弃梦想。
C
When yu think f fast animals, cheetahs and falcns may cme t mind. But d yu knw sme f the fastest living things n Earth are very small cells? If cells had their wn Olympics, wh wuld win the speed game?
Manu Prakash, a scientist at Stanfrd University, says the “cmpetitrs” wn’t shw up ready t cmpete. “We have t g search in puddles and pnds and in the deep cean,” he says. His team cllected infrmatin n the speed f different cells t cmpare them.
S hw d these tiny speeders mve? Sme fast cells jump r slide acrss water. Others mve by waving lng, thin parts that lk like whips (鞭子), r swim with the help f tiny, hair-like parts. There are als speedy cells that d nt mve frm ne place t anther but grw bigger r becme smaller very quickly, and this makes them special “speed players” t.
Take Spirstmum, fr example. In Liberia, Prakash saw many white spts in a pnd. They were nt spread ut randmly. He tk a sample (样本) and fund this single-celled creature. It can shrink (缩小) its bdy faster than any ther eukaryte (真核生物) — a living thing whse cells have a nucleus. Why des it shrink s fast? Prakash says it’s part f hw it cmmunicates. “It actually talks t ther cells … using sund underwater.”
Anther amazing cell is Pyrcystis. These algae (水藻) d nt swim, but they make a huge jurney. Prakash fund them deep in the cean near Hawai’i. They need sunlight t live, but hw d they get it? The algae can inflate like a balln t five times their size and then shrink back dwn. This allws them t travel abut ne kilmeter up t the sunlit surface. Cmpared t their size, that is the lngest jurney n Earth.
Prakash has fund many super-fast cells in different places. These unusual living things help us learn mre abut the secret f life. "This planet is full f amazing things," he says. "When we study and cmpare them, we will find hw wnderful life is."
27. Where did Manu Prakash find the fast cells?
A. In rivers and cities.B. In ce and n ther planets.
C. In high muntains and frests.D. In puddles, pnds and the deep cean.
28. What des the wrd “inflate” in Paragraph 5 mst likely mean?
A. blw upB. take ffC. calm dwnD. break dwn
29. What can we learn abut the “speed” f cells frm the passage?
A. It is measured by hw fast a cell mves frm ne place t anther.
B. It can be understd in different ways, including changes in a cell’s size.
C. It mainly depends n a cell’s ability t swim using whips r hair-like parts.
D. It has been fully studied by scientists like Manu Prakash arund the wrld.
【正确答案】27. D 28. A 29. B
【导语】 本文是说明文，介绍了科学家Manu Prakash的研究发现，地球上除猎豹、猎鹰外，部分微小细胞也拥有惊人的“速度”，展现了生命的奇妙多样性。
【27题详解】
第二段“We have t g search in puddles and pnds and in the deep cean”，直接说明了Prakash寻找快速细胞的地点。
【28题详解】
第五段“The algae can inflate like a balln t five times their size and then shrink back dwn”，句中“像气球一样变大”直接对应“inflate”的含义，与选项A（blw up 膨胀）意思一致。
【29题详解】
第三段“There are als speedy cells that d nt mve frm ne place t anther but grw bigger r becme smaller very quickly, and this makes them special 'speed players' t”，说明细胞的“速度”不仅指移动速度，也包括体型快速变化，与选项B表述一致。
D
Imagine yu just finished a hard hike t the tp f a muntain. The view f the city belw is beautiful, and yu want t take a pht. But it’s already quite dark, and yu’re nt sure yu’ll get a gd sht. Luckily, yur phne has an AI night mde. It can take great phts even after sunset.
Here’s smething yu may nt knw: that night mde may have been trained n cmputer-made nighttime images—scenes that were never actually phtgraphed. This kind f data is called synthetic data.
Why use synthetic data?
AI researchers use up all the real data n the internet, s they turn t synthetic data. But this creates a prblem. In science, making up data is a very bad thing. S hw can cmputer-made data be gd? Is it just a nice wrd fr lying?
As a researcher, I think it cmes dwn t why yu d it and hw pen yu are abut it. Synthetic data is usually nt made t cheat. In fact, using it can be the right thing t d. Fr example, shwing real peple’s faces can vilate privacy, but cmputer-made faces ffer the same benefits withut that risk.
There are ther reasns. Sme things are s rare that there isn’t enugh real data. Instead f letting this becme a big prblem, researchers create thse situatins with cmputers. Als, cllecting real data can be cstly r dangerus. Imagine cllecting data fr a self-driving car during a strm. It’s much easier and safer t create such data with cmputers.
Hw is synthetic data made?
Researchers create synthetic data in tw main ways. One methd uses physics-based mdels—fr example, using the laws f light t shw hw a scene wuld lk. The ther methd uses AI that learns frm real data and then creates new, realistic text, images, and vides.
Is synthetic data perfect?
Synthetic data is nt perfect. It is nly as gd as the mdel it cmes frm. Researchers have t be careful abut biases—unfair patterns in the data. It is als imprtant t knw the difference between cmputer-made data and the real wrld. Synthetic data is great fr training AI, but the final system shuld be tested with real data befre it is used.
AI systems learn by finding patterns, but they cannt tell what is real r true. The desire fr truth belngs t peple, nt machines. S next time yu use a cl AI feature, remember: synthetic data may have helped train it. But reality is still the final judge f what we create.
30. Why des the writer begin the passage with the example f taking a pht n a dark muntain tp?
A. T explain hw AI night mde wrks in detail.
B. T shw that hiking is a ppular utdr activity.
C. T lead int the tpic f synthetic data used in AI training.
D. T prve that phne cameras are better than prfessinal nes.
31. What is synthetic data accrding t the passage?
A. Infrmatin is stred in AI night mdes.B. Data cllected frm real-life situatins.
C. Man-made data was used t train AI systems.D. Real phts taken by phnes in dark places.
32. Hw des the writer mainly supprt his pinin abut synthetic data?
A. By arguing real data is bad.B. By shwing its uses and limits.
C. By listing AI mdels using it.D. By cmparing it with real data.
33. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A. Why AI Will Sn Replace Human Judgment
B. The Privacy Prblems f Using Real Face Data
C. Hw AI Night Mde Helps Yu Take Phts in the Dark
D. Synthetic Data Is Useful but Still Needs Real-Wrld Checks
【正确答案】30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D
【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是“合成数据”，为什么要使用它，以及它目前存在的局限性，旨在让读者客观认识这一人工智能领域的关键训练技术。
【30题详解】
第一段描述了在黑暗山顶拍照的场景，第二段紧接着指出：“This kind f data is called synthetic data.”。作者利用生活中常见的手机AI夜间拍照功能作为切入点，是为了引出下文关于“合成数据”及其在AI训练中应用的话题。
【31题详解】
第二段对该术语进行了定义：“…cmputer-made nighttime images—scenes that were never actually phtgraphed. This kind f data is called synthetic data.”。这明确说明合成数据是由计算机生成的、用于训练AI系统的非真实拍摄数据。
【32题详解】
文章在“Why use synthetic data?”部分介绍了其在隐私保护、稀有数据模拟和安全性方面的优势，在“Is synthetic data perfect?”部分则指出了其偏见和局限性。通过展示其用途和局限，作者全面地支持了自己对合成数据的观点。
【33题详解】
文章大部分篇幅在讨论合成数据的必要性，但第七段强调：“Synthetic data is nt perfect…the final system shuld be tested with real data befre it is used.”。选项D“合成数据很有用但仍需现实检验”精准且高度概括了文章既肯定价值又指出不足的中心思想。
第二部分
本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达。（34-36题每题2分，37题4分，共10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Can Sleeping Lnger n Weekends Help Teens Feel Less Anxius?
Fr many teens, Saturday mrnings are a time t sleep lnger. After a busy week, the weekend ffers a chance t catch up n sleep. A new study finds that sleeping a little lnger n weekends may help reduce anxiety (焦虑)—but nly if teens get less than tw extra hurs f sleep.
Sleep is imprtant fr the brain and bdy, especially fr teenagers. Hwever, 75 percent f American teens d nt get the recmmended 8 t 10 hurs f sleep each night. Schl and ther activities make them wake up early, and their bdy clcks make it hard t fall asleep befre 11 p.m.
Sme past studies suggested that t much weekend sleep might be linked t depressin (抑郁). But n ne had carefully studied hw it relates t anxiety. S researcher Sjeng Kim decided t find ut.
Kim used data frm nearly 1, 900 teens aged 12 t 15. She lked at their sleep patterns (模式) and their feelings f anxiety. She fund that teens wh slept in fr less than tw extra hurs n weekends reprted the lwest anxiety symptms. Teens wh did nt sleep in, r wh lst sleep n weekends, had higher anxiety. Thse wh slept mre than tw extra hurs had the highest anxiety symptms f all.
Kim shared her findings at a meeting in 2025. She thinks that big changes between weekday and weekend sleep schedules may cause a prblem called “scial jet lag”. This happens when the bdy’s clck des nt match the sleep cycle. It can make peple feel tired and unfcused.
Kim did nt find a clear link between weekend sleep and depressin. That may be because depressin usually starts later in adlescence (青春期). Anxiety, hwever, ften begins earlier.
Fr nw, Kim’s advice fr teens is simple: getting a little extra sleep n weekends may help yu feel less anxius, but t much may have the ppsite effect.
34. What is imprtant fr teenagers’ brain and bdy accrding t the passage?
_____________________________________________
35. What prblem may be caused by big changes between weekday and weekend sleep schedules?
_____________________________________________
36. Why did Kim nt find a clear link between weekend sleep and depressin?
_____________________________________________
37. Which sleep habit d yu prefer n weekends — nt sleeping in, sleeping in fr less than tw extra hurs, r sleeping in fr mre than tw extra hurs? Why? (Please give tw reasns.)
_____________________________________________
【正确答案】34. Sleep.
35. Scial jet lag.
36. Because depressin usually starts later in adlescence.
37. Sleeping in fr less than tw extra hurs. Reasn 1: It helps reduce teens’ anxiety. Reasn 2: It may cause less scial jet lag and help peple stay energetic and fcused. (答案不唯一，合理作答即可)
【导语】本文围绕青少年周末补觉与焦虑情绪的关系展开，介绍了一项最新研究发现：周末多睡不到2小时，能够帮助青少年减轻焦虑；但补觉超过 2 小时，反而会加重焦虑。
【34题详解】
第二段提到“Sleep is imprtant fr the brain and bdy, especially fr teenagers.”直接提取原文信息。
【35题详解】
第五段提到“big changes between weekday and weekend sleep schedules may cause a prblem called ‘scial jet lag’.”直接提取原文信息即可。
【36题详解】
第六段提到“That may be because depressin usually starts later in adlescence.”直接说明了：这或许是因为抑郁症通常在青春期后期才会出现。
【37题详解】
本题为开放性题目，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。
五、文段表达。（共10分）
38. 根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
假设你是李华，你们班的英语课正在开展研究性学习,你选择研究同学们周末活动的情况，为此你对班里40名同学进行了问卷调查，下图是部分统计结果。请用英语写一篇短文，简要说明图表内容，并对班级同学参与周末活动提出建议。
提示词语：spend, interesting, knwledge, instructive, meaningful, make friends with
提示问题：• What can yu learn frm the results?
• What advice wuld yu give t yur classmates abut their weekends?
I did a survey n my classmates’ weekends.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【正确答案】 I did a survey n my classmates’ weekends.
Accrding t the results, 25 ut f 40 students usually read bks n weekends. 9 students chse t visit their grandparents, while nly 6 students g n a trip. Frm the survey, I find that mst students prefer quiet activities like reading. Reading helps us get mre knwledge, but it’s als imprtant t have mre clrful weekends.
I hpe my classmates can spend mre time n interesting and meaningful activities. Fr example, we can take shrt trips t enjy nature, r jin utdr activities t make friends with thers. This way, ur weekends will be bth fun and instructive.
【详解】写作步骤：
[第一步：审题立意]
确认文体：调查报告，以一般现在时为主
核心要点： 说明图表内容、对周末活动提出建议
明确人称：第一人称（I/my）
注意事项：不得出现真实姓名、校名
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：引出主题，开门见山
主体段：介绍图表数据
结尾段：总结建议，升华主题，表达对更丰富周末生活的期待
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：说明图表内容
数据描述：accrding t the survey/25 ut f 40 students usually read bks n weekends/9 students chse t visit their grandparents, while nly 6 students g n a trip/Based n the results, 62.5% f the students usually read bks n weekends/22.5% chse t visit their grandparents, and 15% g n a trip等
要点二：提出周末活动建议
建议方向：take shrt trips t enjy nature/jin utdr activities/d sme exercise/help ur parents with husewrk等
39. 根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
在平谷有一条“仁义胡同”，以邻里礼让的典故而闻名。“让一尺，敬一丈”的故事在这里传承。假设你是李华，你校正在开展“文明谦让，和谐校园”活动，英语社团公众号打算做一期以“Gd Manners”为主题的推送，为此在校内征集故事。请你给公众号留言，分享你的文明校园故事；并简要说明这些行为能带来哪些好处。
提示词语：kindness, respect, get n well, be plite, spread
提示问题：• What gd manners d yu have?
• Hw can students benefit frm them?
I’m Li Hua frm Class 1, Grade 9.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【正确答案】
例文：
I’m Li Hua frm Class 1, Grade 9. I believe gd manners are the key t a happy schl life.
I always try t shw kindness and respect t everyne. Fr example, I am always plite t my teachers and ften help my classmates. These behavirs help us get n well with each ther. As a result, we can build a harmnius campus.
Let’s wrk tgether t spread kindness t every crner f ur schl!
【详解】[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：说明文。主要使用一般现在时陈述文明习惯与益处
明确要点：个人拥有的文明礼仪行为、学生能从中获得的益处、总结与呼吁
确定人称：第一人称（I/my/we）
注意事项：词数不少于50词；不得出现真实姓名和校名
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：点明文明礼仪在学校生活中的重要性
主体段：分享具体的礼仪行为，并阐述这些行为对和谐校园及人际关系的益处
结尾段：总结全文，发出呼吁，希望大家共同传播友善
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：文明礼仪行为
具体行为：shw kindness and respect/be plite t teachers/help classmates with their studies/say “thank yu”/wait in line/fllw schl rules等
要点二：带来的益处
具体益处：get n well with each ther/make ur schl a better place/build a harmnius campus/benefit frm/make friends easily/feel happy等
要点三：总结与呼吁
总结呼吁：spread kindness/wrk tgether/play an imprtant part in/key t/in a wrd等
注意事项
1．本试卷共10页，包括两部分，共38题，满分60分，考试时间90分钟。
2．在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。
3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5．考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
____21____ I chse vlleyball passing because I think vlleyball is easy t practice n the playgrund and fun. I practice it fr 30 minutes every day after schl.
A
B
C
D
____22____ I chse lng jump. Because it is easy t practice. I can d it at hme, in the park, r anywhere. My best recrd is 2.6 meters. My PE teacher said I did a great jb.
____23____ I chse playing badmintn because it’s my favurite sprt. I have trained fr three years, and this cnsistent practice has nt nly imprved my skills but als taught me discipline and resilience (自律和坚韧).