北京丰台区2025-2026学年度第二学期期中练习高二英语试题（含解析）

这是一份北京丰台区2025-2026学年度第二学期期中练习高二英语试题（含解析），文件包含2026届高三4月模拟考试政治pdf、2026届高三4月模拟考试政治答案pdf等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共10页， 欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：90分钟
第一部分 知识运用（共两节 30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Mvement is ur first language; I believe we’re brn t dance. I’ve always had a special liking fr dance, and my jb.
I gt great ___1___ wrking in the therapeutic (治疗的) wrld; it felt mre like a calling. I enjyed every mment; my purpse and missin ___2___ me. My highlights are when I’ve witnessed nce dull and hpeless eyes light up when the persn felt seen, heard, and accepted.
Then, ill health struck. As my health declined prgressively, I had t stp ding what I lved. ___3___, all I had was being able t facilitate the ccasinal wrkshp when pprtunity and energy aligned (一致). Chrnic fatigue syndrme (慢性疲劳综合症) is a merciless beast.
In 2020, the unimaginable happened. In additin t sul-destrying feeling f being ___4___, I began experiencing frequent vcal challenges f varying degrees. I culd n lnger accept facilitatin invitatins because my ___5___ was nw unreliable. I grieved, feeling like I was being swallwed by a damp, dark fg.
After an extended perid f being in self-pity, I ___6___ my thinking. I have internal value. My value r identity is nt ___7___ by what I can r cannt d. Regarding my health jurney, in time, I ___8___ this: it is what it is. Fr this seasn, this is my path.
S, I started dancing again. Life is full f surprises, pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral, yet what matters is hw we ___9___ t thse surprises. Despite nging vice lss and health challenges, I fund new ways t make a difference.
Yu and I may nt be able t chse the ____10____ life plays fr us; hwever, we d get t chse hw we will dance t it. May we dance with strength, curage, and grace.
1. A. fameB. surpriseC. pleasureD. inspiratin
2. A. fuelledB. attractedC. instructedD. calmed
3. A. SimplyB. ParticularlyC. EventuallyD. Apparently
4. A. tiredB. annyedC. disappintedD. injured
5. A. mindB. sightC. senseD. vice
6. A. discveredB. adjustedC. abandnedD. cntrlled
7. A. ignredB. selectedC. definedD. assisted
8. A. acceptedB. recalledC. questinedD. expected
9. A. referB. appealC. turnD. respnd
10. A. rleB. musicC. jkeD. game
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是热爱舞蹈和治疗工作的作者的生活变迁和心路历程。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴在治疗领域工作；这更像是一种召唤。A. fame名声；B. surprise惊讶；C. pleasure快乐；D. inspiratin灵感。根据下文“I enjyed every mment”可知，作者很高兴能在治疗领域里工作，空格处是“快乐”。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目标和使命激励着我。A. fuelled刺激；B. attracted吸引；C. instructed指示；D. calmed使平静。根据上文“it felt mre like a calling”可知，作者觉得自己在治疗领域工作像是一种召唤，由此可见，作者的目标和使命激励着作者。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我所能做的就是在机会和精力一致的时候，促成偶尔的研讨会。A. Simply仅仅，只；B. Particularly特别，尤其；C. Eventually最终；D. Apparently显然。根据下文“all I had was being able t facilitate the ccasinal wrkshp when pprtunity and energy aligned”可知，空后内容是作者最终得到的结果，因此空格处是“最终”。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了疲惫的灵魂毁灭感之外，我开始频繁地经历不同程度的声音挑战。A. tired累的；B. annyed生气的；C. disappinted失望的；D. injured受伤的。根据上文“Chrnic fatigue syndrme (慢性疲劳综合症) is a merciless beast”可知，作者得了慢性疲劳综合症，所以会觉得累。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能再接受邀请，因为我的声音现在不可靠了。A. mind头脑，大脑；B. sight视力，视觉；C. sense意义；D. vice嗓音，说话声。根据上文“I began experiencing frequent vcal challenges f varying degrees”可知，作者开始频繁地经历不同程度的声音挑战，所以声音不再可靠。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在长时间的自怜之后，我调整了自己的想法。A. discvered发现；B. adjusted调整；C. abandned抛弃；D. cntrlled控制。根据下文“I have internal value”可知，作者在自怜之后开始调整自己的想法，认识到了自己有内部价值。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的价值或身份不是由我能做什么或不能做什么来定义的。A. ignred忽视；B. selected挑选；C. defined下定义；D. assisted帮助。根据上文“I have internal value”和下文“by what I can r cannt d”可知，作者觉得自己有内部价值，作者的价值或身份不是由作者能做什么或不能做什么来定义的。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于我的健康之旅，我最终接受了这个事实：它就是这样。A. accepted接受；B. recalled回想起；C. questined质疑；D. expected期待。根据下文“it is what it is. Fr this seasn, this is my path”可知，作者最终接受了“它就是这样”的这个现实。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活充满了惊喜，愉快的，不愉快的，平淡无奇的，但重要的是我们如何应对这些惊喜。A. refer提到，谈及；B. appeal呼吁，恳求；C. turn转动；D. respnd回答。根据下文“Despite nging vice lss and health challenges, I fund new ways t make a difference”可知，作者找到了有所影响的新方法，因此作者想说的是生活充满了惊喜，愉快的，不愉快的，平淡无奇的，但重要的是我们如何应对这些惊喜。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你和我也许无法选择生活为我们弹奏的音乐；然而，我们可以选择如何随它起舞。A. rle角色；B. music音乐；C. jke玩笑；D. game游戏。根据下文“hwever, we d get t chse hw we will dance t it”可知，跳舞是和着音乐跳舞的，因此此处表示“你和我也许无法选择生活为我们弹奏的音乐”，因此空格处是“音乐”。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Emtinal intelligence is the ability _____11_____ (understand), use and manage yur wn emtins in psitive ways t relieve stress and cmmunicate effectively. It is a valuable skill, _____12_____ (help) yu build strnger relatinships and succeed at wrk. It can als help yu t cnnect with yur feelings and make gd decisins. In many cases, emtinal intelligence is cnsidered mre imprtant than IQ. The mre yu practice it, the _____13_____ (easy) it becmes t handle difficult situatins.
【答案】11. t understand
12. helping
13. easier
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了情商的定义、重要作用以及勤加练习就能更好应对困境的相关内容。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：情商是一种以积极方式理解、运用和管理自身情绪，从而缓解压力、高效沟通的能力。固定搭配the ability t d sth.表示“做某事的能力”，此处需要用动词不定式作后置定语。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它是一项宝贵的技能，帮助你建立更稳固的人际关系，在工作中取得成功。本句已有完整主系表结构，空处不作谓语，skill和help之间为主动关系，需要用现在分词作状语。
【13题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：你练习得越多，处理棘手情况就会变得越容易。固定句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，就越……”，此处需要用easy的比较级形式easier。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Anna Jnes is a jurnalist, _____14_____ first bk, Divide—The Relatinship Crisis Between Twn and Cuntry, was lnglisted fr the 2022 James Crpper Wainwright Prize. Grwing up n a farm and wrking in the city have given Anna a rare insight _____15_____ rural (农村的) life. Anna started the nn-prfit cmmunicatins prject “Just Farmers” in 2018. She als runs a media educatin prgram t help farmers find cnfidence t share _____16_____ they have experienced with the wider wrld.
【答案】14. whse
15. int 16. what
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了记者安娜·琼斯的个人著作、成长背景以及她为帮助农民发声所开展的公益项目。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：安娜·琼斯是一名记者，她的第一本书《隔阂——城乡关系危机》入围了2022年詹姆斯·克罗珀·温赖特奖初选名单。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Anna Jnes，指代人，空后有名词first bk，表示“她的”，关系代词用whse，在从句中作定语
【15题详解】
考查介词固定搭配。句意：在农场长大、在城市工作的经历让安娜对农村生活有着难得的深刻了解。固定搭配insight int sth.表示“对……的了解、洞悉”。
【16题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：她还运营一个媒体教育项目，帮助农民树立信心，向外界分享他们所经历的一切。空处引导宾语从句，作动词share的宾语，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事情/内容”，用连接代词what。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China has a large number f glbal cultural heritage sites ____17____ (recgnize) by UNESCO. Over the past decades, great effrts ____18____ (make) by the cuntry t preserve them. These cultural heritage sites enrich ur daily lives in cuntless ways, whether we experience them ____19____ (direct) r thrugh the medium f a cnnected device. We believe that China____20____ (apply) mdern technlgies t the restratin and preservatin f mre cultural heritage sites in the years t cme.
【答案】17. recgnized
18. have been made
19. directly
20. will apply
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了中国拥有大量联合国教科文组织认定的世界文化遗产，多年来我国一直努力保护遗产，这些遗产丰富人们生活，且未来中国会运用现代科技修缮与保护更多文化遗产。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国拥有大量被联合国教科文组织认定的世界文化遗产。空格处修饰名词sites，sites与recgnize 为被动关系，用过去分词recgnized作后置定语。
【18题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，国家为保护它们付出了巨大努力。时间状语Over the past decades为现在完成时标志，effrts与make是被动关系，主语是复数，用现在完成时的被动语态have been made。
【19题详解】
考查副词。句意：无论我们亲身感受还是通过联网设备了解，这些文化遗产都以无数方式丰富着我们的日常生活。此处修饰动词experience，需用副词形式directly作状语。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意：我们相信，在未来的岁月里，中国将会把现代技术应用到更多文化遗产的修复与保护工作中。时间状语 in the years t cme意为“在未来几年”，表将来时间，用一般将来时will apply。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节 38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If yu’re a lver f literature and want t study it further, Harvard’s nline curses are a great ptin!
Abut the Curses
The Ancient Greek Her explres what it means t be human tday by studying what it meant t be a her in ancient Greek times. T achieve this, learners will experience, in English translatin, sme ancient Greek literature frm the 8th century BC t the 3rd century AD.
Nble Culture and the Csmplitan Tang lks at hw nble families and their culture and literature cntributed t the reunificatin (重新统一) f China under the Tang Dynasty. Yu’ll als learn hw t cmpse and analyze petry and calligraphy.
Shakespeare’s Life and Wrk explres relatinships between Shakespeare’s wrld and present day. Thrugh shrt vides and readings, yu will see hw the meaning f a wrk f art changes depending n the time, cntext, and culture.
Masterpieces f Wrld Literature reveals hw great writers reflect n their wrld and hw their wrks are changed in tday’s glbal culture. It helps us understand the deep rts f tday’s intercnnected glbal culture.
Ways t Take the Curses
When yu sign up fr these curses, yu will have the ptin f auditing (旁听) the curse r pursuing an fficial certificate.
In the auditing track, learning is free and self-paced within 18 weeks. Learners have access t part f ur curse resurces. Besides, curse vides and handuts are nt available fr dwnlading. Please nte that this track des nt ffer an fficial certificate.
Alternatively, learners can pay $299 t pursue an fficial certificate, which ffers unlimited access t curse resurces within a year. At the end f the curse, learners wh earn a passing grade can receive a certificate.
If yu’re interested and want t learn mre, click here:
21. If yu want t knw hw t analyze petry, yu can chse ______.
A. The Ancient Greek HerB. Shakespeare’s Life and Wrk
C. Masterpieces f Wrld LiteratureD. Nble Culture and the Csmplitan Tang
22. In the auditing track, yu can ______.
A. determine the learning paceB. access handuts fr a fee
C. earn an fficial certificateD. dwnlad curse vides
23. What is the purpse f this passage?
A. T advertise nline curses.B. T explre the rts f humanity.
C. T cmpare different cultures.D. T highlight the value f literature.
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍哈佛大学的在线课程。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由Abut the Curses中Nble Culture and the Csmplitan Tang中“Yu’ll als learn hw t cmpse and analyze petry and calligraphy.(你还将学习如何创作和分析诗歌和书法。)”可知，如果你想知道如何分析诗歌，你可以选择Nble Culture and the Csmplitan Tang。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由Ways t Take the Curses中第二段“In the auditing track, learning is free and self-paced within 18 weeks. Learners have access t part f ur curse resurces. Besides, curse vides and handuts are nt available fr dwnlading. Please nte that this track des nt ffer an fficial certificate.(在旁听赛道中，学习是免费的，在18周内自主学习。学员可以访问我们的部分课程资源。此外，课程视频和讲义不可下载。请注意，这个赛道不提供官方证书。)”可知，在旁听赛道中，你可以决定学习进度。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“If yu’re a lver f literature and want t study it further, Harvard’s nline curses are a great ptin!(如果你是一个文学爱好者，并且想进一步学习，哈佛大学的在线课程是一个很好的选择！)”和最后一段“If yu’re interested and want t learn mre, click here: (如果您感兴趣并想了解更多信息，请单击此处：)”可知，文章主要介绍哈佛大学的在线课程，主要目的是为在线课程做广告。故选A项。
B
“Yur mther needs a new heart,” my father tld me when I called n that December afternn. An unrelenting ptimist, he spke as if she merely needed t have a part replaced. But, althugh my tw sisters and I knew that ur mther had heart prblems, this news still made us frzen fr a while with ur eyes widening in disbelief.
Dr. Marc Semigran f the transplant team reviewed my mther’s medical histry. She’d had an irregular and rapid heartbeat fr mst f her life. Her present treatment — the use f a series f cardiversins, r electric jlts, t restre a nrmal heartbeat — wuld nt wrk in the lng-term. She had an enlarged and weakened heart, as well as a faulty valve.
“With medicatin,” Dr. Semigran said, “yu have a 60 percent chance f living six mnths. Yu culd have a lnger life with a transplant, but there are risks. Yu’re at the tp end f the age grup f sixty years ld. The lungs and ther rgans must be healthy and strng. While the transplant surgery is actually a straightfrward prcedure, acceptance by the bdy is the difficult thing.”
My family came tgether, trying t prvide strength and wrk ut what t d. We’d already gne frm shck, ver ur mther’s cnditin, t wrry that she wuldn’t be a suitable recipient. Despite f the risk, we chse t believe that she wuld make it eventually.
Wrd came later in December that she had been accepted int the prgramme. Dr. Jeremy Ruskin tld us ne f the reasns she had been accepted was that she had such strng family supprt.
One Mnday in May, at abut 8 p. m., my mther received a phne call frm the hspital that a heart was available. As she was abut t be wheeled ff, my father tk her face in his hands and lked int her eyes. His lk said everything abut their 42-year relatinship.
The heart transplant peratin was successful and the cnditins culd nt have been better.
The irny f the transplant prcess is that ne family’s lss is anther’s gain; that tragedy begets frtune. It is a kind f life after death, ur hearts beating beynd us. We develped a feeling f lve fr this new part, f gratitude fr the dctrs, fr the prcess, and fr thse peple wh made a decisin just fr humanity.
24. Hw did the sisters feel t the news that their mther needed a new heart?
A. Frightened.B. Astnished.C. Wrried.D. Annyed.
25. Which is the factr t affect the pssibility f their mther’s heart transplant?
A. Her abnrmal heart beat.
B. The age f ver sixty years ld.
C. Her willingness t the transplant.
D. The adaptatin f the new heart in the bdy.
26. What made the transplant team decide t have the peratin?
A. That her lungs were healthy.
B. That a new heart had been fund.
C. That her family were expecting the peratin.
D. That her family trusted the dctrs' medical level.
27. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Family supprt is f great imprtance.
B. Frtune favrs thse wh are ptimistic.
C. Cnfidence helps patients vercme difficulties.
D. Getting prepared befre accepting a treatment matters.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者母亲常年心脏不好，现在需要进行心脏移植，家人虽担心母亲是否能心脏移植成功，但大家相信她最终会成功，最终心脏移植手术很成功，作者感谢献出心脏的家庭。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中“But, althugh my tw sisters and I knew that ur mther had heart prblems, this news still made us frzen fr a while with ur eyes widening in disbelief. (但是，尽管我和我的两个姐妹都知道我们的母亲有心脏问题，但这个消息还是让我们停住不动了一段时间，难以置信地睁大了眼睛)”可知，听到母亲需要一颗新的心脏的消息，作者和姐妹感到惊讶。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中“Yu culd have a lnger life with a transplant, but there are risks. Yu’re at the tp end f the age grup f sixty years ld. The lungs and ther rgans must be healthy and strng. While the transplant surgery is actually a straightfrward prcedure, acceptance by the bdy is the difficult thing. (你可以通过移植活得更长，但也有风险。你处于60岁年龄组的顶端。肺部和其他器官必须健康强壮。虽然移植手术实际上是一个简单的过程，但被身体接受是一件困难的事情)”可知，心脏移植有风险，因为移植后新的心脏被身体接受是一件困难的事情，说明新的心脏在身体中的适应是影响母亲心脏移植可能性的因素。故选D项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段“Wrd came later in December that she had been accepted int the prgramme. Dr. Jeremy Ruskin tld us ne f the reasns she had been accepted was that she had such strng family supprt. (12月晚些时候，有消息称她已被心脏移植项目录取。Jeremy Ruskin博士告诉我们，她被录取的原因之一是她有如此强大的家庭支持)”可知，全家人支持母亲进行心脏移植（即家人正期待着心脏移植手术）是让移植团队决定给母亲进行手术的原因。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中“Yu culd have a lnger life with a transplant, but there are risks. (你可以通过移植活得更长，但也有风险)”，第四段“My family came tgether, trying t prvide strength and wrk ut what t d. We’d already gne frm shck, ver ur mther’s cnditin, t wrry that she wuldn’t be a suitable recipient. Despite f the risk, we chse t believe that she wuld make it eventually. (我的家人聚在一起，努力提供力量，想办法做什么。我们已经对母亲的病情感到震惊，担心她不会是一个合适的接受者。尽管有风险，我们还是选择相信她最终会成功)”，第五段“Wrd came later in December that she had been accepted int the prgramme. Dr. Jeremy Ruskin tld us ne f the reasns she had been accepted was that she had such strng family supprt. (12月晚些时候，有消息称她已被心脏移植项目录取。Jeremy Ruskin博士告诉我们，她被录取的原因之一是她有如此强大的家庭支持)”和倒数第二段“The heart transplant peratin was successful and the cnditins culd nt have been better. (心脏移植手术很成功，而且情况再好不过了)”可知，尽管母亲进行心脏移植有风险，但全家人支持母亲进行心脏移植，也正是因为家人的支持母亲才被心脏移植项目录取，最终手术成功，可得出家庭支持非常重要。故选A项。
C
Creativity is cmmnly thught f as a persnality trait that resides within the individual. We cunt n creative peple t prduce the sngs, mvies, and bks we lve, t invent the new gadgets that can change ur lives, and t discver the new scientific theries and philsphies that can change the way we view the wrld. Over the past several years, hwever, scial psychlgists have discvered that creativity is nt nly a characteristic f the individual, but may als change depending n the situatin and cntext. The questin, f curse, is what thse situatins are: what makes us mre creative at times and less creative at thers?
One answer is psychlgical distance. Accrding t the Cnstrual Level Thery (CLT) f psychlgical distance, anything that we d nt experience as ccurring nw, here, and t urselves falls int the “psychlgically distant” categry. It's als pssible t induce a state f “psychlgical distance” simply by changing the way we think abut a particular prblem, such as attempting t take anther persn’s perspective, r by thinking f the questin as if it were unreal and unlikely. In this new paper, by Lile Jia and clleagues at Indiana University, scientists have demnstrated that increasing psychlgical distance s that a prblem feels farther away can actually increase creativity.
Why des psychlgical distance increase creativity? Accrding t CLT, psychlgical distance affects the way we mentally represent things, s that distant things are represented in a relatively abstract way while psychlgically near things seem mre cncrete. Cnsider, fr instance, a crn plant. A cncrete representatin wuld refer t the shape, clr, taste, and smell f the plant, and cnnect the item t its mst cmmn use—a fd prduct. An abstract representatin, n the ther hand, might refer t the crn plant as a surce f energy r as a fast-grwing plant. These mre abstract thughts might lead us t cntemplate ther, less cmmn uses fr crn, such as a surce fr ethanl, r t use the plant t create mazes fr children. What this example demnstrates is hw abstract thinking makes it easier fr peple t frm surprising cnnectins between seemingly unrelated cncepts, such as fast-grwing plants (crn) and fuel fr cars (ethanl) .
In this mst recent study, Jia examined the effect f spatial distance n creativity. Participants perfrmed a creative generatin task, in which they were asked t list as many different mdes f transprtatin as pssible. This task was intrduced as having been develped either by Indiana University students studying in Greece (distant cnditin) r by Indiana University students studying in Indiana (near cnditin) . As predicated, participants in the distant cnditin generated mre numerus and riginal mdes f transprtatin than participants in the near cnditin.
28. What can we learn abut psychlgical distance?
A. It brings mre abstract cncepts int ur mind.
B. It builds uncmmn cnnectins in ur mind.
C. It enables us t knw mre uses f cmmn things.
D. It makes prblems easier t be slved.
29. Which f the fllwing is true f spatial distance accrding t Jia’s study?
A. Distant cnditin is related t peple’s creative ability.
B. It makes students in Indiana list mre mdes f transprtatin.
C. It enables peple t generate mre abstract ideas.
D. It helps ne t take anther persn’s perspective.
30. Which wuld be the best title f the passage?
A. Frmatin f Abstract ThughtsB. Frmatin f Cnnectins amng Cncepts
C. Ways t Create Psychlgical DistanceD. An Easy Apprach t Prmte Creativity
【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了心理距离和空间距离对创造力的影响。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Accrding t CLT, psychlgical distance affects the way we mentally represent things, s that distant things are represented in a relatively abstract way while psychlgically near things seem mre cncrete.”（根据CLT，心理距离影响我们在心理上表征事物的方式，所以距离远的事物以相对抽象的方式表征，而心理上近的事物似乎更具体。）可推知，心理距离会带来更多抽象的概念。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“As predicated, participants in the distant cnditin generated mre numerus and riginal mdes f transprtatin than participants in the near cnditin.”（如预测的那样，处于远距离条件的参与者比处于近距离条件的参与者产生了更多的、原创的交通方式。）可推知，空间距离与人们的创造力有关。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Why des psychlgical distance increase creativity?”（为什么心理距离能增加创造力？）以及第四段“In this mst recent study, Jia examined the effect f spatial distance n creativity.”（在最近的研究中，贾研究了空间距离对创造力的影响。）可知，本文主要讲述了心理距离和空间距离对创造力的影响。因此最佳标题应该是“An Easy Apprach t Prmte Creativity”（一种简单的提升创造力的方法）。故选D。
D
We humanists have been defending humanities (人文学科) fr many decades nw, but the crisis f the humanities nly grws. In the face f declining student interest and munting plitical scrutiny (审查), universities and clleges are increasingly cutting funding fr humanities departments.
As a humanist, smene wh reads, teaches and researches mainly philsphy and literature, I am prepared t admit that I d nt knw what the value f the humanities is. I dn’t knw whether the study f humanities prmtes demcracy (民主) r imprves yur mral character r enriches yur leisure time r imprves yur critical thinking skills r increases yur empathy. I nce asked the best teacher I ever had why she n lnger taught her favrite nvel, and she said that she stpped teaching a bk when she fund she was n lnger curius abut it. The humanistic spirit is, fundamentally, an inquisitive (好奇的) ne.
In cntrast, defenses f the humanities are nt and cannt be cnducted in an inquisitive spirit, because a defensive spirit is inimical t an inquisitive ne. Defensiveness is, it must be admitted, an understandable respnse when the chpping blck (砧板) is brught ut and yu need t explain why yu shuldn’t be n it. It may be that humanists need t spend time jining plitical battles, which requires their participants t pretend t knw things that they d nt actually knw.
Nnetheless, an atmsphere f urgency and calls fr immediate actin are unfavrable t fields f study like literature and philsphy that require a reflective md, and pretending t knw what ne desn’t actually knw is unfavrable t frms f inquiry that demand an pen mind.
A defensive mindset als encurages pliticizatin. If the study f literature r philsphy helps t fight racism r t prmte demcracy and everyne agrees that racism is bad, and demcracy is gd — then yu have yur answer as t why we shuldn’t cut funding fr the study f literature r philsphy. Pliticizatin is a way f arming the humanities fr its plitical battles, but it cmes at an intellectual cst. Why is racism s bad? Why is demcracy s gd? Pliticizatin silences these and ther questins, whereas the functin f the humanities is t raise them.
Humanists are nt alne in their ignrance abut the purpse f their disciplines. But scientists are under a lt less pressure t explain why they exist because the sciety at large believes itself t already have the answer t that questin. I may nt knw why it’s imprtant t read Hmer and Plat, but I d have a deep lve fr reading, teaching and pndering the texts. The lve is what I want t share with thers, as well as the surprise and delight f finding resnance (共鸣).
The task f humanists is t invite, t welcme, t excite, t engage. And when we let urselves be urselves, when we allw the humanistic spirit t flw ut nt nly int ur classrms but als in ur public-self presentatin, we find we dn’t need t defend r prve anything: We are irresistible.
31. What trubles the humanists mst regarding the crisis in humanities?
A. Students’ lack f interest in studying humanities curses.
B. Peple’s little knwledge regarding the purpse f humanities.
C. The munting plitical scrutiny faced by humanities departments.
D. The pressure n humanists t argue fr the value f their disciplines.
32. What des the wrd “inimical” underlined in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Sensitive.B. Cntrary.C. Immune.D. Relevant.
33. What can be inferred abut a defensive mindset?
A. It weakens human’s intellectual capacity.
B. It is the wrst actin t take in the face f the crisis.
C. It requires a reflective md n the study f humanities.
D. It brings abut a lwer chance f survival fr humanities.
34. Which f the fllwing might the authr mst prbably agree?
A. Humanities may nt need any defense.
B. Science is mre useful than humanities.
C. The future f humanities remains cludy.
D. The battle f humanities is a hard ne t fight.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A
【解析】
【导语】文章围绕人文学科危机展开论述。作者指出人文学科长期面临经费削减的困境，人文主义者被迫为学科价值辩护，而防御性心态违背人文好奇探究的本质、导致学科政治化、损耗思想深度；最终提出人文主义者应回归本真精神，无需刻意辩护与证明。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As a humanist, smene wh reads, teaches and researches mainly philsphy and literature, I am prepared t admit that I d nt knw what the value f the humanities is.(作为一名人文主义者，我主要从事哲学和文学方面的阅读、教学和研究工作。因此，我准备承认，我并不清楚人文科学的价值究竟为何)”及第三段“Defensiveness is, it must be admitted, an understandable respnse when the chpping blck (砧板) is brught ut and yu need t explain why yu shuldn’t be n it.(必须承认，当砧板被搬出来，而你需要解释为什么你不该被放在上面时，防御心态是一种可以理解的反应)”可知，令人文学者最为困扰的并非危机的某一表面现象，而是他们不得不为自己学科的价值进行辩护的巨大压力。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“In cntrast, defenses f the humanities are nt and cannt be cnducted in an inquisitive spirit, because a defensive spirit is inimical t an inquisitive ne. (相比之下，对人文科学的辩护绝不能以探究的态度来进行，因为一种防御性的态度与探究性的态度是inimical的)”可知，防御精神与探究精神无法共存，二者相互对立、彼此抵触。因此，inimical与cntrary词义最为接近，意为“相反的、敌对的”。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“A defensive mindset als encurages pliticizatin.(防御心态也会鼓励政治化)”及“Pliticizatin is a way f arming the humanities fr its plitical battles, but it cmes at an intellectual cst.(政治化是一种武装人文学科进行政治斗争的方式，但它要付出智力代价)”和“Pliticizatin silences these and ther questins, whereas the functin f the humanities is t raise them.(政治化使得这些以及其他问题被掩盖了起来，而人文科学的作用恰恰是去揭示这些问题)”可推知，防御心态导致政治化，使人文学科压制本应提出的疑问，从而削弱其智力探究能力。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“And when we let urselves be urselves, when we allw the humanistic spirit t flw ut nt nly int ur classrms but als in ur public-self presentatin, we find we dn’t need t defend r prve anything: We are irresistible.(而当我们能够做真实的自己，当我们让人文精神不仅融入我们的课堂，还体现在我们的公众形象展示中时，我们会发现我们无需去辩解或证明任何事情：我们是不可抗拒的)”可推知，作者认为当人文学者真正回归人文精神时，人文学科本身便具有不可抗拒的魅力，或许根本不需要任何辩护。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Psitive Effects f a Psitive Affect
Parents ften have high hpes fr hw their children will turn ut in adulthd, such as wanting them t be healthy, t feel satisfied with their career, and t have strng friendships.____35____
Recent research suggests that a teen’s affect—especially psitive affect—is ne critical factr. What exactly is affect? Affect is the tendency t express psitive r negative emtins, which in turn influences hw we experience things and determine whether t judge a given situatin as psitive r negative.____36____ Mrever, research suggests that a persn’s affect is relatively stable ver time, especially by the time ne reaches adulthd.
Affect is typically described in terms f being either psitive r negative, and it seems that psitive affect, in particular, is related t a number f beneficial utcmes in adulthd.
In supprt f this crucial rle that psitive affect has in develpment, a study by researchers at the University f Virginia fllwed teenagers and yung adults frm ages 14 t 25, allwing them t understand the predictive pwer f psitive affect acrss the critical develpmental perid frm adlescence t yung adulthd.____37____ Fr example, teens with a higher psitive affect reprted had a strnger, healthier attachment t their friends.
____38____ Psitive affect als predicted increased self-wrth and jb cmpetence, suggesting that, verall, psitive affect seems t be a key predictr f yung adult success acrss several imprtant areas f functining.
But what abut the effects f negative affect? The researchers als examined whether negative affect wuld predict prblems in yung adulthd.____39____ Thus, the imprtant takeaway is that adlescent psitive affect may have pwerful links t imprtant life utcmes in the dmains f persnal well-being, career, and scial relatinships up t a decade later.
A. Affective respnses t events typically happen autmatically.
B. S hw can parents help their children grasp the meaning f psitive affect?
C. But what factrs help prduce these utcmes as teens mve frm adlescence t adulthd?
D. Interestingly, the results suggested that psitive affect may g beynd helping teens build psitive relatinships.
E. The results uncvered that negative affect might accunt fr many life prblems when a teenager became a yung adult.
F. Unlike psitive affect, having greater negative affect did nt have any significant assciatins with any f the later life utcmes.
G. This study fund that psitive affect was strngly predictive f life utcmes in yung adulthd, such as develping better friendships.
【答案】35. C 36. A 37. G 38. D 39. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了研究者发现青少年在向成年人转变的过程中，积极的情感将会对个人幸福感、事业成功和社会关系等方面产生重大的影响。
【35题详解】
上文“Parents ften have high hpes fr hw their children will turn ut in adulthd, such as wanting them t be healthy, t feel satisfied with their career, and t have strng friendships.(父母常常对他们的孩子成年后的表现寄予厚望，比如希望他们的身体健康，对自己的事业感到满意，有牢固的友谊)”说明父母希望孩子们能在成年后获得好的结果，C项“但是在青少年从青春期走向成年的过程中，哪些因素有助于产生这些结果呢？”中的“these utcmes”指代的就是之前提到过的结果。故选C项。
【36题详解】
上文“Affect is the tendency t express psitive r negative emtins, which in turn influences hw we experience things and determine whether t judge a given situatin as psitive r negative.(情感是表达积极或消极情绪的倾向，这反过来影响我们如何体验事物并决定是否判断给定的情况是积极的还是消极的)”说明情感是一种情绪倾向，是需要自我决定和自我判断的，A项“对事件的情感反应通常是自动发生的”是对上文观点的进一步解释说明。故选A项。
【37题详解】
上文“In supprt f this crucial rle that psitive affect has in develpment, a study by researchers at the University f Virginia fllwed teenagers and yung adults frm ages 14 t 25, allwing them t understand the predictive pwer f psitive affect acrss the critical develpmental perid frm adlescence t yung adulthd.(为了支持积极影响在发展中的这一关键作用，弗吉尼亚大学的研究人员对14至25岁的青少年和年轻人进行了跟踪研究，使他们能够了解从青春期到青年期这一关键发展阶段积极影响的预测能力。)”指出为了支持积极影响在发展中的这一关键作用，研究人员进行了研究，下文“Fr example, teens with a higher psitive affect reprted had a strnger, healthier attachment t their friends.(举例来说，报告认为积极影响更高的青少年对他们的朋友有更强和更健康的依恋关系)”说明积极影响的青少年更容易和朋友相处，所以空处应该承上启下，指出研究发现，G项“这项研究发现积极的影响可以更好的预测青年时期的生活结果，比如建立更好的友谊”中的“develping better friendships”和下文事例中的“had a strnger, healthier attachment t their friends”都是指和朋友建立良好的关系。故选G项。
【38题详解】
上文“Fr example, teens with a higher psitive affect reprted had a strnger, healthier attachment t their friends.(举例来说，报告认为积极影响更高的青少年对他们的朋友有更强和更健康的依恋关系)”说明积极的情感给青少年带来良好的人际关系， 而D项“有趣的是，结果表明积极的影响可能不仅仅是帮助青少年建立积极的人际关系”中的“helping teens build psitive relatinships”指的上文提到的和朋友之间良好的关系，是对上文话题的承接，讲了积极的影响的好处，下文“Psitive affect als predicted increased self-wrth and jb cmpetence, suggesting that, verall, psitive affect seems t be a key predictr f yung adult success acrss several imprtant areas f functining.(积极情感还可以预测自我价值感和工作能力的提高，这表明，总体而言，积极情感似乎是青年人在几个重要功能领域取得成功的关键预测因素。)”也是积极影响的好处，als表明和选项是并列关系，都在讲好处。故选D项。
【39题详解】
上文“But what abut the effects f negative affect? The researchers als examined whether negative affect wuld predict prblems in yung adulthd.”（但是负面影响的影响呢？研究人员还研究了负面影响是否会预测年轻成年期的问题。）可知在探究负面影响的预测。下文“Thus, the imprtant takeaway is that adlescent psitive affect may have pwerful links t imprtant life utcmes in the dmains f persnal well-being, career, and scial relatinships up t a decade later..(因此，重要的一点是，青少年的积极影响可能与十年后个人幸福、职业和社会关系领域的重要生活结果有着密切的联系。)可知，下文在强调积极影响与生活的关联。F项“与积极影响不同，负面影响不会与以后的生活结果有任何显著关联。”承接上文探究负面影响的测试结果，引起下文对于积极影响对于生活影响的进一步说明。故选F。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）。
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
My path was lng t recgnizing my vcatin (职业) , much lnger than it had t be. My parents were prfessrs f engineering. Science was the hrizn f pssibility in my family; nthing else cunted r even existed. N matter hw much I lved t read and write, it never ccurred t me t majr in anything else.
I had been curius abut bilgy and psychlgy in high schl, s when I knew Clumbia ffered a jint majr in the tw fields, I chse it n the spt. The feeling, ther than excitement, was ne f relief. I culdn’t bear the uncertainty that cllege represented. Instead f pening ptins up, I needed t shut them dwn. I had lcked up three-quarters f my curses fr the next fur years, and I hadn’t even gne t a single class.
There was n ne there t stp me. I wuld mpe (消沉) in the back f thse lectures, reading a nvel behind my ntebk, unaware f the fact that I was trying t tell myself smething. I dn’t knw exactly when things went wrng with my chsen curse f study. By the time I realized that I shuld have been an English majr, it was t late t make the switch. I ended up wrking in a tiny nnprfit that meant nthing t me, with n idea where I shuld g next.
And then I happened t be visiting a friend in architecture schl. She wasn’t happy, either; her prgram was way t pretentius and theretical. We were walking alng and she said, “I have t get ut f graduate schl. ” And I immediately thught “I have t g t graduate schl. ” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance t study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s nt t late - I’m nt ging t let it be t late. Everything was suddenly clear and calm.
It wasn’t easy getting in at that pint. But fr the first time in a lng while, I perfrmed at the tp f my ability. I’d study fr eighty hurs a week and I had never been happier.
40. What family factr (s) influenced the authr’s chice f majr?
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41. What did the authr realize at cllege?
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42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because his friend persuaded him t d s.
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43. What have yu learned frm the authr’s experience f chsing a majr in cllege? (In abut 40 wrds)
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【答案】40. The prfessins f the authr’s parents.
41. The authr realized that he shuld have been an English majr.
42. The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because his friend persuaded him t d s.
The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because he wanted t give himself the chance t study English literature.
43. Frm the authr's experience, I learned that chsing a majr shuld be based n ne's true interests and passins rather than external expectatins r family influence. Fllwing ne's heart leads t true happiness and fulfillment.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在选择职业道路上的曲折经历。尽管对阅读和写作充满热爱，但由于家庭环境的影响，作者最初选择了科学领域的专业。然而，在大学期间，作者逐渐意识到自己真正的兴趣在于英语文学，但为时已晚，无法转专业。毕业后，作者从事了一份没有意义的工作，感到迷茫。一次偶然的机会，作者受到朋友启发，决定继续深造学习英语文学，并最终找到了自己的方向和快乐。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“My parents were prfessrs f engineering. Science was the hrizn f pssibility in my family; nthing else cunted r even existed. (我的父母是工程学教授。科学是我家庭可能性的地平线；其他一切都无关紧要甚至不存在。)”可知，作者父母的职业影响了作者选择专业，故答案为The prfessins f the authr’s parents.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“By the time I realized that I shuld have been an English majr, it was t late t make the switch. (当我意识到我应该是英语专业的时候，已经太晚了，无法换专业了。)”可知，作者在大学时意识到他应该是英语专业，故答案为The authr realized that he shuld have been an English majr.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“And I immediately thught “I have t g t graduate schl.” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance t study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s nt t late - I’m nt ging t let it be t late. (我立刻想到“我必须去读研究生。”这意味着，直到我给自己机会学习英国文学，我才会快乐。这意味着，还不算太晚——我不会让它太晚。）”可知，作者决定去读研究生是因为他想给自己机会学习英国文学，而不是因为朋友劝说，所以表达“because his friend persuaded him t d s (因为他的朋友劝说他这样做)”是错误的，应更正为“because he wanted t give himself the chance t study English literature”故答案为The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because his friend persuaded him t d s.
The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because he wanted t give himself the chance t study English literature.
【43题详解】
考查推理判断。根据文章第一段“My path was lng t recgnizing my vcatin (职业) , much lnger than it had t be. My parents were prfessrs f engineering. Science was the hrizn f pssibility in my family; nthing else cunted r even existed. N matter hw much I lved t read and write, it never ccurred t me t majr in anything else. (我花了很长时间才找到自己的职业方向，其实本不必如此。我的父母都是工科教授，在我们家科学是唯一可能的前景；其他都不重要，甚至不存在。无论我多么喜欢阅读和写作，我从未想过要主修其他专业。)”和第三段“There was n ne there t stp me. I wuld mpe (消沉) in the back f thse lectures, reading a nvel behind my ntebk, unaware f the fact that I was trying t tell myself smething. I dn’t knw exactly when things went wrng with my chsen curse f study. By the time I realized that I shuld have been an English majr, it was t late t make the switch. I ended up wrking in a tiny nnprfit that meant nthing t me, with n idea where I shuld g next. (没有人阻止我。那些讲座上，我会坐在后面消沉地读小说，笔记本挡在前面，却没意识到我是在试图告诉自己些什么。我不知道我的课程选择到底是什么时候出了问题。直到我意识到自己应该主修英语时，已经太晚了，无法转专业了。最终我在一家对我毫无意义的小非营利组织工作，完全不知道下一步该去哪里。)”内容可知，作者选择专业时受到家庭影响而选择了科学专业，后来意识到自己应该是英语专业但已经太晚无法换专业，所以从作者的经历中我们可以学到选择专业应该基于自己的真正兴趣和激情而不是外部期望或家庭影响，跟随自己的心会带来真正的幸福和满足感，故答案为Frm the authr's experience, I learned that chsing a majr shuld be based n ne's true interests and passins rather than external expectatins r family influence. Fllwing ne's heart leads t true happiness and fulfillment.
第二节 作文（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的李华。你和英国笔友Jim经常交流阅读心得。请你给他写一封信，分享一本你读过的英语书籍或一个英语故事。信件内容如下：
1. 书/故事的标题及主要内容；
2. 对你的启发或影响；
注意：
1. 词数不少于80；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw is everything ging? I’m writing t share with yu a wnderful English bk that I’ve read recently.
It’s called The Little Prince by Antine de Saint-Exupéry. The stry is abut a little prince wh travels frm planet t planet, meeting different lnely adults, befre finally landing n Earth. Thrugh his jurney, he learns abut friendship, lve, and what truly matters in life.
This bk has deeply inspired me. It reminds me that grwn-ups ften frget the simple but imprtant things — like imaginatin, curisity, and seeing with the heart. This bk has made me reflect n my wn life and try t appreciate the little things arund me.
I’m lking frward t hearing abut yur favrite bk.
Yurs,
Li Hua
Dear Jim,
Hw is everything ging? I’m writing t share with yu a tuching English stry I’ve read recently.
It’s The Last Leaf by O. Henry. The stry is set in a small artists’ cmmunity. A yung painter named Jhnsy falls seriusly ill and believes she will die when the last leaf falls frm the vine utside her windw. An ld artist named Behrman, despite being ill himself, paints a leaf n the wall during a strmy night. The leaf never falls, which gives Jhnsy hpe t recver. Hwever, Behrman dies frm pneumnia caught that night.
This stry has deeply mved me. It shws the pwer f hpe and the meaning f selfless sacrifice. Behrman gave his life t save Jhnsy’s, prving that true art is nt just abut painting — it’s abut lve and humanity.
I’m lking frward t hearing abut yur favrite bk r stry.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友Jim写一封信，分享一本读过的英语书籍，及其对自己的启发或影响。
【详解】1.词汇积累
奇妙的：wnderful→fantastic
启发：inspire→enlighten
重要的：imprtant→essential
反思：reflect n→meditate n
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It’s called The Little Prince by Antine de Saint-Exupéry.
拓展句：The bk that I want t share with yu is The Little Prince, which is written by Antine de Saint-Exupéry.
【高分句型 1】I’m writing t share with yu a wnderful English bk that I’ve read recently. (运用了关系代词that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型 2】It reminds me that grwn-ups ften frget the simple but imprtant things — like imaginatin, curisity, and seeing with the heart. (运用了that引导宾语从句)