北京市丰台区2024_2025学年高二英语上学期期末试题含解析

这是一份北京市丰台区2024_2025学年高二英语上学期期末试题含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考生须知
1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2. 本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4. 本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。
笔试（共三部分100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was just a kid, my mther wuld frequently take me t ur lcal cmmunity centre t play with my friends. One sunny afternn, when we were playing utside, ne f my friends brught a visiting relative, wh clung t (紧紧抓住) his cusin like a shadw, eyes wide with ____1____.
He had a speech impediment (障碍) and culdn’t get his muth t ____2____. He culdn’t even say the name f the twn where he lived. I had never seen smene stutter (结巴) like that. I thught he must have been jking, s I ____3____. My friend sht me a cncerned glance, but my giggles (咯咯笑) cntinued. Out f the crner f my eye, I saw my mther lking at me with a(n) ___4___ I’d never seen befre. It was a mix f hrrr, anger, and shame, all fcused n me, which stpped my laughing instantly.
She waved me ver with seriusness that left n rm fr ____5____. She tld me hw wrng it was t laugh at smene’s struggle, and hw there was never an excuse fr such behavir. She asked me t aplgize t the by, give him a hug, and tell him that I lve him.
My heart ____6____, a mix f regret and fear f my peers’ judgement eating away at me. But my mther’s lk, a silent yet pwerful frce, left me n ther ptin. With trembling steps, I apprached the by and gave him a(n) ___7___ hug. I think I ___8___ him by grabbing him like that, but when he realized that I was trying t hug him, his bdy relaxed and he hugged me back.
“Uh... als, uh... I lve yu...” I tried t say it as insincerely as I culd get away with and half-smiled as I spke. I was still hugging the by, s he culdn’t see the unnatural lk n my yuthful face.
But then the by hugged me tighter and whispered in my ear ____9____, withut a stutter and withut hesitatin.
“I lve yu, t!” There was such sftness and _____10_____ in his vice, and just like that, I thught I wuld start crying.
1. A. nervusnessB. determinatinC. cnfusinD. amazement
2. A. respndB. mveC. recverD. cperate
3. A. smiledB. laughedC. jumpedD. screamed
4. A. mannerB. visinC. mdD. expressin
5. A. perfrmanceB. frgivenessC. imprvementD. hesitatin
6. A. sankB. beatC. achedD. brke
7. A. sftB. awkwardC. frmalD. strng
8. A. inspiredB. cmfrtedC. shckedD. angered
9. A. prudlyB. mdestlyC. sincerelyD. patiently
10. A. cnfidenceB. firmnessC. curageD. calmness
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候嘲笑有口吃障碍的男孩，母亲让其道歉并拥抱男孩，最终男孩真诚回应，让作者有所触动的故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个阳光明媚的下午，我们在外面玩耍时，我的一个朋友带来了一位来访的亲戚，他像影子一样紧紧跟着他的表哥，眼睛因紧张而睁得大大的。A. nervusness紧张；B. determinatin决心；C. cnfusin困惑；D. amazement惊讶。根据前文“ne f my friends brught a visiting relative, wh clung t (紧紧抓住) his cusin like a shadw”和后文“He had a speech impediment (障碍) and culdn’t get his muth”可知，这个男孩有口吃障碍，来到新环境会感到紧张，所以紧紧跟着他的表哥。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有语言障碍，嘴巴不听使唤。A. respnd回应；B. mve移动；C. recver恢复；D. cperate配合。根据前文“He had a speech impediment”可知，男孩有口吃，说明他的嘴巴不能很好地配合发出清晰的声音。故选D项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为他一定是在开玩笑，所以我笑了起来。A. smiled微笑；B. laughed大笑；C. jumped跳跃；D. screamed尖叫。根据后文“My friend sht me a cncerned glance, but my giggles (咯咯笑) cntinued.”和“She tld me hw wrng it was t laugh at smene’s struggle”可知，作者因为以为是在开玩笑而大笑起来。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从眼角的余光中，我看到母亲正用一种我从未见过的表情看着我。A. manner方式；B. visin视力；C. md情绪；D. expressin表情。根据后文“It was a mix f hrrr, anger, and shame, all fcused n me”可知，母亲脸上呈现出一种复杂的，作者从未见过的表情。故选D项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她严肃地招手让我过去，容不得我有丝毫犹豫。A. perfrmance表演；B. frgiveness原谅；C. imprvement提高；D. hesitatin犹豫。根据前文“She waved me ver with seriusness”可知，母亲态度严肃，不允许作者犹豫。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心情低落，后悔和害怕同龄人评判的情绪折磨着我。A. sank沮丧，低落；B. beat跳动；C. ached疼痛；D. brke打破。根据前文“She tld me hw wrng it was t laugh at smene’s struggle, and hw there was never an excuse fr such behavir. She asked me t aplgize t the by, give him a hug, and tell him that I lve him.”和后文“a mix f regret”可知，作者受到批评后意识到自己的错误，感到懊悔，心情变得低落。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我迈着颤抖的步伐，走近男孩，给了他一个尴尬的拥抱。A. sft柔软的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. frmal正式的；D. strng强壮的。根据前文“fear f my peers’ judgement eating away at me.”和“With trembling steps”可知，作者害怕被同伴评判，很不情愿，所以这个拥抱是尴尬的。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我那样抓住他让他吓了一跳，但当他意识到我是想拥抱他时，他的身体放松了，也回抱了我。A. inspired鼓舞；B. cmfrted安慰；C. shcked使震惊；D. angered使生气。与下文“but when he realized that I was trying t hug him, his bdy relaxed”形成对比，作者突然的拥抱让男孩一开始感到震惊。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但随后男孩更紧地拥抱了我，真诚地、毫不犹豫地、不结巴地在我耳边低语。A. prudly骄傲地；B. mdestly谦虚地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. patiently耐心地。根据后文“I lve yu, t!”以及前文男孩的表现可知，男孩真诚地回应了作者。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的声音里充满了温柔和坚定，就在那一刻，我觉得自己要哭了。A. cnfidence信心；B. firmness坚定；C. curage勇气；D. calmness冷静。根据前文“But then the by hugged me tighter and whispered in my ear 9 , withut a stutter and withut hesitatin.”可知，男孩毫不犹豫地、不结巴地回应作者“我也爱你”，他的声音温柔而坚定。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
By sending seeds n shrt trips int space, China is develping new crp varieties, ____11____ (cntribute) t the advancement f agricultural science. This prcess expses seeds t csmic radiatin (宇宙辐射), which changes their genes and leads t the creatin f new varieties with greater diversity. Since China’s first experiment in August 1987, the cuntry ____12____ (send) seeds frm thusands f plant species int space using satellites and spacecraft, ____13____ resulted in the develpment f nearly 1,000 new plant varieties, including grains, vegetables and fruits.
【答案】11 cntributing
12. has sent
13. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国通过太空育种培育新作物品种。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过将种子送入太空进行短途旅行，中国正在培育新作物品种，为农业科学的发展做出贡献。本句中已有谓语is develping，所以cntribute“贡献”应用非谓语形式，且cntribute与其逻辑主语China之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，作状语。故填cntributing。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：自1987年8月中国首次进行实验以来，中国已经使用卫星和航天器将数千种植物的种子送入太空，这导致了近1000个新植物品种的培育，包括谷物、蔬菜和水果。根据时间状语Since China’s first experiment in August 1987可知，send“发送”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时have/has dne，又因主语the cuntry是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has sent。
【13题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：自1987年8月中国首次进行实验以来，中国已经使用卫星和航天器将数千种植物的种子送入太空，这导致了近1000个新植物品种的培育，包括谷物、蔬菜和水果。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句内容讲的事情，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Chclate fans will sn be able t create Willy Wnka-style rms in their huse, using a newly ____14____ (develp) chclate paint. The spreadable “chclate paint” uses real chclate. It has been created by paint technicians in Sctland and it can be thinned dwn by mixing with water. Peple wh chse ____15____ (decrate) their walls with the paint will need t re-d them regularly because the chclate ____16____ (natural) fades ver time as it reacts with xygen in the air.
【答案】14. develped
15. t decrate
16. naturally
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新型巧克力漆的发明及其特性。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：巧克力爱好者很快就能用新开发的巧克力漆在家里打造出威利·旺卡风格的房间。本句谓语为will be able t，此处为非谓语动词，且chclate paint与develp“研制”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填develped。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：选择用这种油漆装饰墙壁的人需要定期重新粉刷，因为随着时间的推移，巧克力会自然褪色，因为它会与空气中的氧气发生反应。chse t d sth意为“选择做某事”，是固定搭配，所以本空用动词decrate“装饰”的不定式t decrate，作宾语。故填t decrate。
【16题详解】
考查副词。句意：选择用这种油漆装饰墙壁的人需要定期重新粉刷，因为随着时间的推移，巧克力会自然褪色，因为它会与空气中的氧气发生反应。本空修饰动词fades，作状语，用副词naturally“自然地”。故填naturally。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A yung supercycler Aleksandr, wh is 11 years ld, has raised mre than £4,000 ____17____ charity after cycling 217 miles thrugh Switzerland’s muntains. He ____18____ (inspire) t take n this challenge after a recent trip t Suth Africa with his family, where he saw ____19____ less frtunate peple lived. Aleksandr’s mney will g twards Wrld Visin UK, a charity that supprts children arund the wrld. He said that the cycle was full f ____20____ (difficulty) but he wanted t help imprve the lives f ther children.
【答案】17. fr
18. was inspired
19. hw 20. difficulties
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了11岁少年Aleksandr骑行助力慈善的故事。
【17题详解】
考查介词。句意：11岁的年轻自行车高手Aleksandr在骑行穿过瑞士山脉217英里后，为慈善机构筹集了4000多英镑。根据空前raised和空后charity可知，空处需用介词fr，构成固定短语raise mney fr...，意为“为……筹集资金”。故填fr。
【18题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在与家人最近的一次南非之旅后，Aleksandr受到启发，接受了这项挑战，在那里他看到了那些不太幸运的人是如何生活的。根据空前He可知，空处需填谓语动词，且用第三人称单数形式，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时；主语He为单数，与动词inspire之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，填was inspired。故填was inspired。
【19题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：在与家人最近的一次南非之旅后，Aleksandr受到启发，接受了这项挑战，在那里他看到了那些不太幸运的人是如何生活的。设空处引导名词性从句作saw宾语，在从句中作方式状语，用连接副词hw，表示“如何，怎样”。故填hw。
【20题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他说，这次骑行充满了困难，但他想帮助改善其他孩子的生活。根据空前f可知，空处需填名词，作宾语，此处表示泛指，且difficulty为可数名词，所以用其复数形式difficulties。故填difficulties。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
United Natins Online Leadership Training Prgram
Event Objectives
The United Natins Institute fr Training and Research (UNITAR) is delighted t ffer the UN Online Training Prgram. It aims t ffer the glbal yuth the chance t gain first-hand experience f the United Natins and will prvide them with the necessary knwledge and skills t fully unfld their ptential as glbal leaders.
Participants
This prgram is specially designed fr university students, high schl students and ther ambitius yung leaders f similar backgrund.
Cntent and Structure
The prgram cnsists f a 4-week e-learning curse, including 2 different mdules (模块), which can be studied in a self-paced manner.
Mdule 1: Leadership Skills
Mdule 2: The Sustainable Develpment Gals
The ttal number f nline curses will be abut 5 hurs per week. Several 1.5 hur live-webinars (线上研讨会) will be delivered thrugh the e-learning platfrm by UN experts. Additinally, there will be ne 3.5 hur e-wrkshp per week. Participants have enugh chances t exchange views with experts and fellws t gain a thrugh understanding f the United Natins.
Methdlgy
The prgram will be run frm UNITAR’s e-learning platfrm, where annuncements and relevant links t activities will be psted. The platfrm will als cntain nline reading materials, interactive quizzes as well as pre-recrded vides, which participants are free t study anytime.
Registratin
T register, kindly click n ne f the links belw and fllw these steps:
1. On the event page, click n “registratin”. The prgram will then be added t yur shpping cart.
2. Click n the “check ut” buttn and chse payment methd: (i) credit card r (ii) bank transfer.
Additinal infrmatin
The participants are respnsible t ensure they are in pssessin f the basic necessary hardware, sftware and cnnectivity t engage in nline training activities.
21 Wh wuld be mst qualified fr the UN Online Leadership Training Prgram?
A. A middle-aged fficial frm a UN member state.
B. A staff member emplyed by the United Natins.
C. A university student with an interest in glbal issues.
D. An experienced prfessinal in internatinal relatins.
22. In the UN Online Leadership Training Prgram, participants will _________.
A. fllw strict learning schedulesB. get chances t interact with thers
C. take the curses fr freeD. chse mdules f their wn interest
23. What’s the main purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce curse arrangements.
B. T prmte an educatinal prgram.
C. T highlight the impact f the UN prgram.
D. T discuss the imprtance f leadership skills.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了联合国在线领导力培训项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Participants部分中“This prgram is specially designed fr university students, high schl students and ther ambitius yung leaders f similar backgrund. (该项目专门为大学生、高中生和其他背景相似的有抱负的年轻领导者设计)”可知，该项目的参与对象是大学生、高中生和有相似背景的年轻领导者。C项“对全球问题感兴趣的大学生”符合项目参与对象的设定。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cntent and Structure部分中“Participants have enugh chances t exchange views with experts and fellws t gain a thrugh understanding f the United Natins. (参与者有足够的机会与专家和同伴交流意见，以全面了解联合国)”可知，在该项目中参与者有机会与他人进行互动交流。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合Registratin部分中“T register, kindly click n ne f the links belw and fllw these steps: (要注册，请点击下面的链接之一并按照以下步骤操作)”可知，文章详细介绍了联合国在线领导力培训项目的各个方面，最后还给出了注册方式，其目的是吸引符合条件的人来参加这个项目，也就是在推广这个教育项目。故选B项。
B
My schl was nestled in a remte village in central Sri Lanka. When handball was intrduced t Sri Lankan schls in 2010,I wanted t bring it t my schl. As a new sprt, I fresaw it as a glden pprtunity fr ur schl as we had never secured a place in traditinal sprts.
A grup f bys were immediately interested and 40 students signed up t play. I had the supprt f their parents but I still culdn’t cnvince the sprts teacher t agree. Ultimately, Heshan, a by wh graduated sme nine years earlier, agreed t cach the team. He was a member f a handball team and he assigned exercises and drills t d in his absence. Althugh handball is an indr game, we trained utdrs as ur schl had limited facilities. Training started early in the mrning befre class and cntinued after schl until it was dark.
After three mnths f whlehearted training, we were able t send the team t cmpete with 50 ther schls at the all-island schl handball turnament held in Clmb — the cuntry’s mst ppulus city. Our bys played remarkably well and reached the semifinals. And that was when the real game started.
Peple frm Clmb schls jined frces against us, saying they wuldn’t allw the cup t be taken ut f Clmb. They cnsidered it a shame t lse a match against bys frm a rural village schl wh culdn’t even speak English. Even the referees favured the Clmb schls, resulting in ur team being far away frm the victry we deserved. Defeated, the bys fell t the grund, sad and disappinted. Heshan and I were angry.
A few weeks after the defeat, Heshan and I met the natinal handball cach t discuss ur treatment by the referees. He aplgised and ffered t send a Krean prfessinal handball cach t ur schl fr tw weeks’ training.
The fllwing year, nbdy culd stp ur team frm winning the all-island schls handball champinship. Unexpectedly, media attentin was drawn t the turnament. A member f the Schl Handball Assciatin invited me t prvide cmmentary n the turnament in English n a televisin channel. I fund this rather irnic that they chse a teacher frm a remte village schl t prvide cmmentary in English.
Heshan and I were extremely prud t have shwn the bys that dreams can be fulfilled.
24. Why did the authr intrduce handball t his schl?
A. T imprve the students’ sprts skills.
B. T demnstrate its grwing ppularity.
C T raise the schl’s reputatin in sprts.
D. T secure pprtunities fr traditinal sprts.
25. What was the biggest prblem the team encuntered during the turnament?
A. Nt gaining fair treatment.
B. Nt having enugh practice.
C. Nt frming a desired team spirit.
D. Nt getting enugh supprt frm parents.
26. Hw did the authr feel when he was invited t cmment n TV channel?
A. Cnfused but grateful.B. Astnished but hnred.
C. Nervus but cnfident.D. Embarrassed but frtunate.
27. What can we cnclude frm this passage?
A. Perseverance can be rewarded.
B. Innvatin is the sul f prgress.
C. Prejudice is the child f ignrance.
D. Crisis may stand in the way f success.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在斯里兰卡乡村学校推广手球运动并取得成功的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段中“As a new sprt, I fresaw it as a glden pprtunity fr ur schl as we had never secured a place in traditinal sprts. (作为一项新兴运动，我认为这是我们学校的一个绝佳机会，因为我们从未在传统体育项目中取得过一席之地。)”可知，作者向学校介绍手球是为了提高学校在体育方面的声誉。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段中“They cnsidered it a shame t lse a match against bys frm a rural village schl wh culdn’t even speak English. Even the referees favured the Clmb schls, resulting in ur team being far away frm the victry we deserved. (他们认为输给来自连英语都不会说的乡村学校的男生是一种耻辱。甚至裁判也偏袒科伦坡的学校，导致我们离应得的胜利越来越远。)”可知，该队在锦标赛中遇到的最大问题是没有得到公平对待。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中“A member f the Schl Handball Assciatin invited me t prvide cmmentary n the turnament in English n a televisin channel. I fund this rather irnic that they chse a teacher frm a remte village schl t prvide cmmentary in English. (学校手球协会的一名成员邀请我在一个电视频道上用英语对锦标赛进行解说。我觉得这很奇怪，他们竟然选择了一位来自偏远乡村学校的老师用英语进行解说。)”可知，当作者被邀请在电视频道上评论时，他感到惊讶但很荣幸。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段中“The fllwing year, nbdy culd stp ur team frm winning the all-island schls handball champinship. (第二年，没有任何人能阻止我们的球队赢得全岛学校手球锦标赛冠军。)”和最后一段“Heshan and I were extremely prud t have shwn the bys that dreams can be fulfilled. (Heshan和我为能让这些男生们明白梦想是可以实现的而感到无比自豪。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者向学校介绍手球运动，并带领队伍在不被看好的情况下，通过不懈努力最终赢得锦标赛冠军的故事。因此，我们可以从这篇文章中得出结论：坚持不懈可以得到回报。故选A。
C
Beethven’s ntebks shw that he spent cuntless hurs develping and revising the musical ideas. It was a painful and all-cnsuming prcess. Beethven was als the mst gifted imprviser (即兴演奏者) f his time. He wuld sit at the pian and create, n demand, beautiful and impsing cmpsitins.
Beethven illustrates tw mdes f creativity. Mst peple are familiar with the first type — the creative struggle — frm persnal experience. But the latter kind — the flw state — is mre elusive. Researchers knew little abut its inner mechanisms, and this lack f understanding hindered the develpment f techniques fr training flw t bst ne’s creative prductin.
In a study at Drexel University’s Creativity Research Lab, we addressed this gap by psing a basic questin abut the nature f creative flw: Des it invlve intense cncentratin and hyperfcused attentin, r des it invlve the release f attentin and “letting g”?
Our study examined flw in the cntext f jazz imprvisatin. We recruited 32 jazz guitarists fr the study. Sme were relative nvices, whereas thers were highly experienced. We directed them t imprvise sls while listening t recrded jazz accmpaniments.
Ntably, the mst experienced musicians reprted, n average, greater intensity and frequency f flw states. This finding makes sense because it is hard t imagine feeling effrtless attentin while perfrming an unfamiliar task. Als unsurprising was that, n average, the judges rated the experts’ imprvisatins as mre creative than the nvices’ imprvisatins.
Next, t identify brain regins assciated with the flw state, we cmpared brain activity during high-flw perfrmances with that during lw-flw perfrmances. One striking finding was that high-flw perfrmance were assciated with reduced activity in the brain’s frntal lbes (大脑前额叶), which are assciated with executive functin and cgnitive cntrl.
Then we cmpared the mst experienced musicians with the least experienced nes. The mst experienced participants shwed activity in a netwrk f brain areas assciated with hearing and visin during a flw state — sensry regins that were nt activated in the lw-experience musicians.
S it seems that creative flw can ccur when tw cnditins are met. First, ne has t gain expertise by practicing the task enugh t develp a specialized brain netwrk fr perfrming that task. Secnd, ne must release cnscius cntrl s the specialized netwrk can take ver and prduce ideas n autpilt, withut the perfrmer verthinking what they are ding.
The end result might nt be like a Beethven snata (奏鸣曲). But if yu can create it during a flw state, it will be yur best wrk, and yu will enjy the prcess.
28. What des the wrd “elusive” underlined in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Wrthy f practice.B. Attractive t figure ut.
C. Accessible t achieve.D. Challenging t cmprehend.
29. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The subjects f the study.B. A stage f the study.
C. An assumptin f the study.D. The bjective f the study.
30. What can we learn frm the study?
A. Flw is a state f lw cgnitive cntrl rather than hyperfcus.
B. Flw state helps an inexperienced musician t cncentrate easily.
C. The brain’s frntal lbes are less active during lw-flw perfrmance.
D. Hearing and visin netwrks are activated in less experienced musicians.
31. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T explain tw mdes f creativity.
B. T present the findings f a study f flw state.
C. T illustrate hw t enter a state f effrtless attentin.
D. T stress hw imprtant it is t create music during a flw state.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以贝多芬为例引出创造力两种模式，介绍了德雷塞尔大学关于创造性心流状态的研究过程及结果。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Mst peple are familiar with the first type — the creative struggle — frm persnal experience. But the latter kind — the flw state — is mre elusive.(大多数人都熟悉源于个人经验的第一种类型——创造性的斗争。但后一种状态——心流状态——更elusive)”和“Researchers knew little abut its inner mechanisms, and this lack f understanding hindered the develpment f techniques fr training flw t bst ne’s creative prductin.(研究人员对其内在机制知之甚少，这种理解的缺乏阻碍了训练心流以提高创造力的技术的发展)”可知，与“创造性的斗争”相比，人们对“心流状态”的了解较少，不熟悉，所以它是难以理解的。由此推知，划线词elusive指“难以理解的”，与“Challenging t cmprehend”意思相近。故选D项。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Our study examined flw in the cntext f jazz imprvisatin. We recruited 32 jazz guitarists fr the study. Sme were relative nvices, whereas thers were highly experienced. We directed them t imprvise sls while listening t recrded jazz accmpaniments.(我们的研究在爵士即兴演奏的背景下研究心流。我们为这项研究招募了32名爵士吉他手。一些人是相对新手，而另一些人则经验丰富。我们指导他们在听录制的爵士伴奏时即兴演奏独奏)”可知，该段主要描述了让32名爵士吉他手在听录制的爵士伴奏时即兴演奏独奏，这是研究的一个阶段。故选B项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Next, t identify brain regins assciated with the flw state, we cmpared brain activity during high-flw perfrmances with that during lw-flw perfrmances. One striking finding was that high flw perfrmance were assciated with reduced activity in the brain’s frntal lbes (大脑前额叶), which are assciated with executive functin and cgnitive cntrl.(接下来，为了确定与心流状态相关的大脑区域，我们比较了高流状态和低流状态下的大脑活动。一个惊人的发现是，高心流表现与大脑前额叶活动的减少有关，前额叶与执行功能和认知控制有关)”可知，高心流状态下大脑前额叶活动减少，而大脑前额叶与执行功能和认知控制有关，这表明心流状态下，大脑前额叶活动减少，大脑处于一种低认知控制状态，而非高度集中，即心流是一种低认知控制的状态，而不是高度专注的状态。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第三段中“In a study at Drexel University’s Creativity Research Lab, we addressed this gap by psing a basic questin abut the nature f creative flw... (在德雷塞尔大学创造力研究实验室的一项研究中，我们通过提出一个关于创造性心流本质的基本问题来填补这一空白……)”以及后文对研究过程和结果的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于心流状态的研究，包括研究方法、结果和结论，因此文章的主要目的是呈现关于心流状态的研究的发现。故选B项。
D
Life, it culd be argued, is like a lng game f blackjack. In ne cmmn versin f this, each persn is dealt with tw playing cards. The aim is fr yur hand t add t 21, r as clse t this as yu can get. Player can either “stick” with their existing hand r “twist”— asking t be dealt anther card t add t their ttal. The risk, f curse, is that yu exceed 21 and are eliminated.
This may sund far remved frm everyday chices, but many f ur mst imprtant life decisins bil dwn t such dilemmas. Shuld I stay put r take the leap and mve huse? Shuld I remain in my jb r start my wn business? The inherent uncertainty leaves many f us ending up staying in the status qu, never giving urselves the chance t win big.
Perhaps we can learn a trick frm “maximisers”: individuals with a strng urge t find the ptimal(最佳的)utcme fr every situatin. They wuld be mre willing t”twist” if their current ptins aren’t wrking. And this apprach t life certainly has sme advantages. Fr example, amng a sample f students lking fr wrk, maximisers ended up getting a 20% higher salary cmpared with “satisficers”, peple wh tend t chse the first acceptable ptin.
Nevertheless, in reality there are simply t many ptins t weigh up the prs and cns f every chice. Natural maximisers can feel s verwhelmed with the ptins, and they are trubled by the dubt that a superir ptin might be amng thse they did nt evaluate. Perhaps as a cnsequence, they tend t suffer badly frm feelings f regret and”fear f missing ut”, which affects their verall life satisfactin.
Frtunately, a technique appears t tackle the prblem. The strategy is knwn as psychlgical distancing, which is akin t taking a fly-n-the-wall view f things. There are many ways t apply it. Yu might imagine yu are advising a clse friend in a similar dilemma, fr example, r yu culd try t predict hw yu wuld view the decisin and its cnsequences at sme time in the mid-t-distant future.
Previus research has shwn that psychlgical distancing techniques cntribute t greater intellectual humility, which encurages peple t cnsider mre surces f infrmatin befre cming t a judgement. This apprach can als help us deal with the cnsequences f ur big decisins. When using psychlgical distancing techniques, peple are better able t regulate their emtins— which we must d t prcess the chices we have made. In additin, discussing life’s disappintments frm such a distanced perspective helps us extract meaning frm ur experiences. That shuld prevent yu becming immersed in the feelings f regret that can fllw stick-r-twist decisins.
As everyne knws, Lady Luck wn’t wrk in yur favur all the time, n matter hw smart yur decisin making has been. Nevertheless, by applying this psychlgical research, yu can make the mst f yur hand— and take greater pleasure in the thrill f the game.
32. The authr mentins “maximisers” mainly t _______.
A. highlight the advantages f maximisers
B. bring ut a sund way f making chices
C. illustrate the difficulty f decisin making
D. emphasize the value f infrmed decisins
33. What can be inferred abut psychlgical distancing?
A. Intellectual humble peple can ptimize psychlgical distancing.
B. The increased psychlgical distance may expse peple t a feeling f regret.
C. Increasing psychlgical distance assists in frming a prper view f negative mds.
D. Emtinal regulatin is crucial in the applicatin f psychlgical distancing techniques.
34. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The first chice shuld be priritized.
B. Reslving a dilemma ensures the chance t win big.
C. Stick-r-twist decisins are vital in reshaping peple’s future.
D. Lking at the bigger picture results in better decisin making.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过将生活比作一场二十一点游戏，探讨了人们在面对重要决策时常常陷入的“坚持”与“冒险”之间的抉择。文章指出,像最大化者那样寻求最优解的人往往能获得更好的结果,但也容易因选择过多而感到后悔和不安。为此,文章介绍了一种名为“心理距离”的策略,帮助人们以更客观的视角评估决策,从而减少遗憾感,提高生活满意度。最后,文章强调即使决策不总是完美,运用这些心理学技巧也能让我们更好地享受生活的起伏。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In additin, discussing life’s disappintments frm such a distanced perspective helps us extract meaning frm ur experiences. That shuld prevent yu becming immersed in the feelings f regret that can fllw stick-r-twist decisins. (也许我们可以从“最大化者”那里学到一招：他们有强烈的冲动去寻找每种情况的最佳结果。)”可知，作者提到“最大化者”主要是给出一种做选择的合理方法。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In additin, discussing life’s disappintments frm such a distanced perspective helps us extract meaning frm ur experiences. That shuld prevent yu becming immersed in the feelings f regret that can fllw stick-r-twist decisins.(此外，从这样一个遥远的角度讨论生活中的失望有助于我们从我们的经历中提取意义。这应该可以防止你沉浸在坚持或扭曲的决定之后的后悔情绪中。)”可知，增加心理距离有助于形成对负面情绪的正确看法。故选C
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nevertheless, by applying this psychlgical research, yu can make the mst f yur hand— and take greater pleasure in the thrill f the game.(通过应用这项心理研究,你可以充分利用你的优势--并在游戏的刺激中获得更大的乐趣。)”可知，通过纵观全局可以做出更好的决定。因此,我们可以从这篇文章中学到要看大局才能做出更好的决定。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yu’re Nt Perfect
Imagine that yu are feeling dwn. Smene wh lves yu wants t help by saying smething really affirming. Hw abut “Yu’ re perfect just the way yu are”? That sunds nice! In fact, this is perhaps the mst insidius (暗中有害的) thing that peple tell us — r that we tell urselves — when we feel sad r insecure.
____35____ This is called “self-enhancement bias”, and it gives rise t all srts f distrtins (曲解) in perceptin. Famusly, back in the 1980s, research shwed that up t 80 percent f mtrists cnsidered themselves t have abve-average driving skills. Obviusly, this cannt be true — even if yu persist in believing it abut yurself.
Peple als tend t rate themselves mre highly n psitive mral traits. ____36____ And they tend t rate ther peple higher n negative traits such as being lazy, cld, and insincere. This is especially true fr yung and middle-aged adults, wh rank themselves as better-than-average n multiple measures.
____37____ Sner r later, yu’re bund t be cnfrnted with a painful adjustment t the truth. Fr instance, research shwed that when cllege students held an inflated (过高的) view f their wn academic ability, it enhanced their md and psitive affect — that is, they enjyed happier feelings. ____38____ In fact, the students tended t fail at their academic expectatins, and that in part led t lwer self-esteem ver the lng term.
S we face a dilemma in life: We want t feel better and make thers feel better, but peple’s tendency t d s thrugh self-enhancement is a shrt-lived slutin with pssibly enduring ultimate csts. ____39____ Accepting yur imperfectins is healthier than trying t cnvince yurself that they dn’t exist. What’s mre, treating yurself with this kind f cmpassin (同情) makes yu mre cmpassinate tward thers.
A. The zne f enjyment mves up as yu increase in skill.
B. But that didn’t translate int better academic perfrmance.
C. One reasn is that it acts as prtectin against the mental pain.
D. Althugh self-enhancement feels gd, it is nt a lng-term slutin.
E. They are likely t see themselves as hard-wrking, hnest, and warm.
F. We always have a tendency t cmpare urselves favrably with thers.
G. The best way is t emphasize t yurself that yu are nrmal in imperfectin.
【答案】35. F 36. E 37. D 38. B 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“自我增强偏见”，这种心理对人的影响以及如何应对。
【35题详解】
根据后文“This is called “self-enhancement bias”, and it gives rise t all srts f distrtins (曲解) in perceptin. Famusly, back in the 1980s, research shwed that up t 80 percent f mtrists cnsidered themselves t have abve-average driving skills. Obviusly, this cannt be true — even if yu persist in believing it abut yurself.(这就是所谓的“自我增强偏见”，它会导致感知上的各种扭曲。众所周知，早在20世纪80年代，就有研究表明，多达80%的驾车者认为自己的驾驶技术高于平均水平。显然，这不是真的——即使你坚持相信自己是这样)”可知，后文解释了某种现象叫作“自我增强偏见”，且进行了举例，推测空处主要引出后文的概念，解释这种现象的内涵。故F选项“我们总是倾向于把自己和别人比较”符合语境，故选F。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Peple als tend t rate themselves mre highly n psitive mral traits.(人们也倾向于在积极的道德品质上给自己更高的评价)”可知，空处承接前文，对于人们给予自己更高的道德品质进行举例说明。故E选项“他们可能认为自己勤奋、诚实、热情”符合语境，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据后文“Sner r later, yu’re bund t be cnfrnted with a painful adjustment t the truth. Fr instance, research shwed that when cllege students held an inflated (过高的) view f their wn academic ability, it enhanced their md and psitive affect — that is, they enjyed happier feelings.(迟早，你一定要面对一个痛苦的适应真相的过程。例如，研究表明，当大学生对自己的学术能力持有夸大的看法时，它会增强他们的情绪和积极的影响——也就是说，他们会享受更快乐的感觉)”以及后文“In fact, the students tended t fail at their academic expectatins, and that in part led t lwer self-esteem ver the lng term.(事实上，这些学生往往无法达到他们的学业期望，这在一定程度上导致了长期自卑)”可知，本段主要说明了大学生自我夸大学术能力会带来积极的影响，但是却导致了长期自卑，说明自我增强感觉并不能持久。故D选项“虽然自我增强感觉很好，但这不是长久之计”符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据前文“Sner r later, yu’re bund t be cnfrnted with a painful adjustment t the truth. Fr instance, research shwed that when cllege students held an inflated (过高的) view f their wn academic ability, it enhanced their md and psitive affect — that is, they enjyed happier feelings.(迟早，你一定要面对一个痛苦的适应真相的过程。例如，研究表明，当大学生对自己的学术能力持有夸大的看法时，它会增强他们的情绪和积极的影响——也就是说，他们会享受更快乐的感觉)”以及后文“In fact, the students tended t fail at their academic expectatins, and that in part led t lwer self-esteem ver the lng term.(事实上，这些学生往往无法达到他们的学业期望，这在一定程度上导致了长期自卑)”可知，空处与前文构成转折关系，前文提到积极影响，后文则说无法到达学业期望，说明夸大学术能力并不能提高学习成绩，故B选项“但这并没有转化为更好的学习成绩”符合语境，故选B。
【39题详解】
根据前文“S we face a dilemma in life: We want t feel better and make thers feel better, but peple’s tendency t d s thrugh self-enhancement is a shrt-lived slutin with pssibly enduring ultimate csts.(因此，我们在生活中面临着一个两难境地：我们想让自己感觉更好，也想让别人感觉更好，但人们倾向于通过自我增强来实现这一目标，这是一个短暂的解决方案，可能会付出持久的最终代价)”以及后文“Accepting yur imperfectins is healthier than trying t cnvince yurself that they dn’t exist. What’s mre, treating yurself with this kind f cmpassin (同情) makes yu mre cmpassinate tward thers.(接受自己的不完美比试图说服自己这些不完美不存在更为健康。更重要的是，用这种同情心对待自己会让你对他人更有同情心)”可知，前文指出了自我增强的缺点，后文提出接受自己的不完美，说明空处是在说明正确的解决办法。G选项中imperfectin对应后文imperfectins。故G选项“最好的方法是向自己强调，你在不完美中是正常的”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共10小题；共10分）
阅读下面文段，在设空处填入恰当的词或短语。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
40. If what I d as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham int a successful adult, then I knw what I’m ding is ________. (根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】wrthwhile
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果我作为一名教师所做的事情能帮助像Graham这样的孩子成长为一个成功的成年人，那么我就知道我所做的是值得的。根据If what I d as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham int a successful adult可知，这样做是值得的，本空表示“值得的”，用形容词wrthwhile，作表语。故填wrthwhile。
41. Mst peple believe when they are living ________ and earning enugh mney, they’ll have n wrries. (根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】cmfrtably
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：大多数人相信，如果他们生活得舒适，且有足够的钱赚取，他们就不会有任何担忧。根据they’ll have n wrries可知，本空表示“舒服地”，用副词cmfrtably，修饰动词living，作状语。故填cmfrtably。
42. If yur dream is t be the best, yu had better be ttally ________ t yur sprt. (根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】cmmitted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你的梦想是成为最好的，你最好全身心地投入到你的运动中。作表语，结合句意“坚定的、尽心尽力的”可知应用形容词cmmitted。故填cmmitted。
43. Althugh it is nt unusual fr species t die ut naturally, the rate at which this is nw happening is cause fr ________.(根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】cncern
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管物种自然灭绝是正常的，但现在这种情况发生的速度令人担忧。根据Althugh it is nt unusual fr species t die ut naturally, the rate at which this is nw happening可知，本空表示“担忧”，用名词cncern，作fr的宾语。故填cncern。
44. ________ exercise als cuts the risk f heart disease by 50%.(根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】Regular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：定期锻炼还能将患心脏病的风险降低5%。根据句意，表示“定期的”，用形容词regular修饰名词exercise，说明锻炼的性质，“定期锻炼”符合降低患心脏病风险这一语境逻辑；句首单词首字母大写。故填Regular。
45. Mr Bean is an internatinally ________ cmedy character in films. (根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】recgnized
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：Mr. Bean 是国际上知名的电影中的喜剧角色。设空处使用形容词作定语，recgnize的形容词为recgnized意为“知名的，被认可的”。故填recgnized。
46. Althugh learning is a gradual and painful prcess, Helen was s ________ abut it. (根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】enthusiastic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然学习是一个渐进而痛苦的过程，但海伦对学习充满了热情。be enthusiastic abut对……热心。根据句意，故填enthusiastic。
47. Knwledge and understanding are things t fight fr; mre vital t a man, and mre ________ t mankind. (根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：知识和理解是值得为之奋斗的；对一个人更重要，对人类更有益。and连接两个并列结构，mre后面应填入一个形容词形成固定搭配，与前面的mre vital t a man相对应。填入beneficial构成mre beneficial t mankind，表示对人类更有益。故填beneficial。
48. Readers f the bk use their ________ t visualize characters. (根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】imaginatins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这本书的读者运用他们的想象力把人物形象化。形容词性物主代词their后接名词在句中作宾语。根据句意，用名词imaginatin，表示“想象力”，为可数名词。根据句意，用名词的复数形式。故填imaginatins。
49. Sme public advertisements nwadays aim t make a ________ t sciety and welfare instead f selling prducts and services fr a prfit. (根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】cntributin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：现在一些公共广告的目的是为社会和福利做出贡献，而不是为了利润而出售产品和服务。根据句意“贡献”可知用名词cntributin，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填cntributin。
第二节（共2小题：第50小题3分，第51小题5分，共8分）
阅读下面文段，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Educatin ges beynd knwledge; it prvides learners with the tls t develp skills, t think fr themselves and t cntinue learning thrughut their lives. Fr example, educatin can help individuals develp critical thinking skills, which will prevent them frm uncritically fllwing traditinal ways and will enable them t act based n judgement.
50. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶Accrding t the authr, educatin will discurage individuals frm carefully fllwing traditinal ways and will help them take actin based n judgement.
________________________________________________________________________________
51. Reflecting n yur persnal experience, hw are yu shaped by schl educatin? (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】50. Accrding t the authr, educatin will discurage individuals frm carefully fllwing traditinal ways and will help them take actin based n judgement.
Accrding t the authr, educatin will discurage individuals frm uncritically fllwing traditinal ways and will help them take actin based n judgement.
51. My schl educatin has significantly shaped me by fstering critical thinking, instilling a lve fr learning, and teaching discipline. These experiences have guided my career chices and persnal grwth. Schl educatin has als taught me the imprtance f discipline and perseverance.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了教育的作用以及对个人发展的帮助。
【50题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二句“Fr example, educatin can help individuals develp critical thinking skills, which will prevent them frm uncritically fllwing traditinal ways and will enable them t act based n judgement.(例如，教育可以帮助个人发展批判性思维技能，这将防止他们不加批判地遵循传统方式，并使他们能够根据判断行事)”可知，错误部分为carefully，根据作者的观点，教育将阻止个人不加批判地遵循传统方式，并将帮助他们根据判断采取行动。故答案为Accrding t the authr, educatin will discurage individuals frm carefully fllwing traditinal ways and will help them take actin based n judgement.
Accrding t the authr, educatin will discurage individuals frm uncritically fllwing traditinal ways and will help them take actin based n judgement.
【51题详解】
考查开放题。根据“反思你的个人经历，学校教育是如何塑造你的？”可回答：我的学校教育通过培养批判性思维，灌输对学习的热爱和教学纪律，极大地塑造了我。这些经历指导了我的职业选择和个人成长。学校教育也教会了我纪律和毅力的重要性。故答案为My schl educatin has significantly shaped me by fstering critical thinking, instilling a lve fr learning, and teaching discipline. These experiences have guided my career chices and persnal grwth. Schl educatin has als taught me the imprtance f discipline and perseverance.
第三节（14分）
52. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校英语社团即将举办英语戏剧比赛。请你给外教Mr Jensn写一封邀请信，请他担任本次活动的评委。邀请信的内容包括本次活动的基本信息以及评委需要做的工作。词数100左右。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Jensn,
I hpe this message finds yu well. I, Li Hua, a Sphmre frm Hngxing High Schl, am writing t crdially invite yu t serve as a judge at ur upcming English Drama Cmpetitin rganized by ur English Club.
The event, scheduled n the 15th f this mnth, aims t fster ur language skills and creativity thrugh dramatic perfrmances. Yur expertise in English and insights wuld greatly enrich the judging prcess. As a judge, yu wuld evaluate the perfrmances based n creativity, language prficiency, and verall presentatin.
Yur presence wuld be a great hnr and mtivatin fr all participants. Lking frward t yur psitive respnse.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr Jensn写一封邀请信，请他担任英语戏剧比赛活动的评委。邀请信的内容包括本次活动的基本信息以及评委需要做的工作。
【详解】1.词汇积累
担任：serve as→act as
比赛：cmpetitin→cntest
真诚：crdially→heartfeltly
荣幸：hnr→privilege
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The event, scheduled n the 15th f this mnth, aims t fster ur language skills and creativity thrugh dramatic perfrmances.
拓展句：The event, which is scheduled n the 15th f this mnth, aims t fster ur language skills and creativity thrugh dramatic perfrmances.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I, Li Hua, a Sphmre frm Hngxing High Schl, am writing t crdially invite yu t serve as a judge at ur upcming English Drama Cmpetitin rganized by ur English Club. (运用了过去分词作定语)
[高分句型2] I hpe this message finds yu well.(运用了省略that的宾语从句)