生物类阅读押题（考前必练）2026年高考英语阅读理解突破策略及押题讲练（全国通用）

这是一份生物类阅读押题（考前必练）2026年高考英语阅读理解突破策略及押题讲练（全国通用），共4页。
核心押题点：基因编辑育种是2026高考生物类阅读高频热点，贴合“粮食安全”国家战略，聚焦中国农业生物科技成就，符合新课标“科技与生活”命题导向；4道题均为高考基础题型（细节理解），覆盖“技术优势、成果特征、潜在风险、国家态度”核心考点，是基础题必练篇目，贴合高考A篇难度与选材方向。
With the grwing glbal ppulatin and frequent extreme weather, fd safety has becme a vital and urgent challenge wrldwide. In recent years, gene editing technlgy has greatly develped and brught revlutinary changes t mdern agriculture in China. Different frm traditinal transgenic technlgy, gene editing can accurately change lcal genes f crps withut intrducing freign genes, which is safer and mre cntrllable in fd safety and has been widely recgnized by the internatinal cmmunity.
Chinese scientists have made great breakthrughs in gene editing breeding in recent years. They have successfully imprved many main fd crps including rice, wheat and crn. By editing specific genes related t stress resistance and yield, the new crp varieties have strnger resistance t natural disasters such as drught, fld and typhn, and are less likely t be attacked by pests and diseases, thus greatly reducing the use f chemical pesticides and prtecting the agricultural eclgical envirnment.
Besides, the new rice varieties have higher nutritin cntent and can maintain stable utput even in pr sil cnditins. Up t nw, the new crp varieties have been widely planted in many rural areas f China, nt nly increasing farmers’ incme and imprving lcal agricultural prductin level, but als helping slve reginal fd supply prblems effectively.
Hwever, many agricultural experts pint ut that veruse f gene editing technlgy may influence the diversity f riginal crp genes and bring ptential eclgical risks. Sme studies have shwn that lng-term planting f gene-edited crps may lead t the reductin f lcal wild plant species, which is nt cnducive t the lng-term stability f the agricultural ecsystem.
Therefre, reasnable and standardized applicatin is the key t the healthy develpment f this technlgy. China has built strict rules and supervisin systems n agricultural gene technlgy. While vigrusly develping advanced bilgical technlgy, scientists will als pay mre attentin t prtecting natural bilgical diversity, ensuring that mdern bitechnlgy can better serve fd safety and sustainable agricultural develpment.
1. What is the advantage f gene editing cmpared with traditinal transgenic technlgy?
A. It intrduces mre freign genes int crps.
B. It is safer and better cntrlled in fd safety.
C. It csts much less in agricultural prductin.
D. It can grw crps in uter space directly.
2. What imprved features d the new rice varieties have?
A. Faster grwing speed and less water requirement.
B. Higher nutritin and strnger anti-disaster ability.
C. Better taste and lnger strage time.
D. Larger size and mre leaves.
3. What is the pssible risk f verusing gene editing technlgy?
A. Higher price f all farm prducts.
B. Lss f riginal crp gene diversity.
C. Serius pllutin f farmland sil.
D. Shrtage f agricultural labr.
4. What is China’s attitude twards agricultural gene technlgy?
A. Ban all related research cmpletely.
B. Develp it strictly under reasnable rules.
C. Encurage unlimited wide applicatin.
D. Depend ttally n freign technlgy.
Passage 2 Synthetic Bilgy and Green Prductin（合成生物学）
押题理由
核心押题点：合成生物学是2026年前沿生物科技热点，衔接“碳中和”“绿色发展”高考高频话题，融入中国科研领先成果，符合高考“科技前沿+国家成就”命题趋势；题型以细节理解为主，穿插简单推理判断，贴合B篇中档难度，覆盖“技术用途、优势、应用、局限”核心考点，是高考中档题重点押题方向。
Synthetic bilgy has becme ne f the httest and mst prmising bilgical technlgies in 2026. It integrates bilgy, engineering and chemistry t design and cnstruct new bilgical systems and functinal rganisms, which has pened up a new path fr green and lw-carbn develpment in the wrld.
Instead f relying n traditinal high-pllutin chemical industry, it uses natural micrbes r engineered strains t prduce varius useful materials, which greatly reduces envirnmental pllutin and energy cnsumptin, and cnfrms t the glbal green develpment trend. Cmpared with traditinal chemical synthesis, synthetic bilgy has bvius advantages in envirnmental prtectin and resurce utilizatin, making it a key technlgy t achieve carbn peak and carbn neutrality.
Chinese research teams have achieved wrld-leading prgress in the field f synthetic bilgy. They have successfully develped new high-efficiency micrbial strains t prduce envirnmentally friendly materials, natural medicine ingredients and green energy substances. These achievements nt nly reduce China’s dependence n imprted raw materials, but als prmte the upgrading f related industries.
Besides the daily chemical and medical fields, synthetic bilgy als plays an imprtant rle in helping achieve carbn neutrality. Special engineered micrbes develped by Chinese scientists can efficiently absrb carbn dixide frm the air and cnvert it int valuable rganic substances, prviding a new green way t reduce greenhuse gas emissins.
Hwever, the technlgy is still in the prcess f cntinuus develpment. The high cst f micrbial culture, the unclear lng-term eclgical influence and the lack f mature industrial applicatin technlgy limit its large-scale industrial use. Scientists are cntinuusly imprving micrbial efficiency, ptimizing culture prcesses and reducing prductin cst.
It is generally believed in the industry that with the cntinuus breakthrugh f technlgy, synthetic bilgy will becme the cre pwer f green industry in the near future, bringing mre surprises t glbal sustainable develpment.
5. What is synthetic bilgy mainly used t d?
A. Clne all ancient extinct animals.
B. Create new bilgical systems and green prducts.
C. Change all human genes cmpletely.
D. Cntrl glbal climate directly.
6. What advantage des synthetic bilgy have ver traditinal chemical industry?
A. Less pllutin and lwer energy cnsumptin.
B. Faster prductin speed nly.
C. Much cheaper raw materials.
D. Wider prduct categries.
7. Hw des synthetic bilgy help with carbn neutrality?
A. By cutting dwn all industrial factries.
B. By using micrbes t fix and change CO₂.
C. By planting mre green frest trees.
D. By stpping all fssil fuel burning.
8. What restricts the wide use f synthetic bilgy nw?
A. N practical prducts can be made.
B. High cst and uncertain eclgical influence.
C. It is cmpletely banned by internatinal laws.
D. N cuntries have related cre technlgy.
Passage 3 Plant Stress Resistance and Climate Adaptatin（植物抗逆科学）
押题理由
核心押题点：植物抗逆性贴合“全球气候变化”“生态修复”高考高频话题，聚焦中国西部生态治理成就，符合新课标“生态环保”命题导向；题型涵盖词义猜测（第9题）、细节理解、推理判断（第12题），贴合C篇中难难度；考点覆盖“概念定义、科研发现、技术应用、作者建议”，是高考生态类阅读重点押题篇目，贴合外刊选材趋势。
Glbal climate change has brught mre frequent extreme weather events including high temperature, severe drught and sudden heavy rain, which seriusly threaten glbal plant grwth and the stability f terrestrial ecsystem. As a result, plant stress resistance has becme a research fcus f btanists wrldwide.
Plant stress resistance refers t the inherent ability f plants t survive and grw nrmally under terrible envirnmental cnditins. This ability is frmed thrugh lng-term natural evlutin, and different plants have different resistance mechanisms accrding t their living envirnments. Fr example, desert plants ften have thick leaves t reduce water lss, while cld-resistant plants can secrete special substances t resist freezing damage.
Chinese plant scientists have made imprtant scientific discveries in recent years. They have deeply studied the internal mlecular mechanism f plant stress resistance and fund that special prteins inside plants can effectively cntrl their respnse t drught and high temperature. In dry envirnments, these prteins can slw dwn water lss f plants and maintain the activity f plant cells.
Based n this mechanism, scientists have adpted nn-gene editing bilgical imprvement technlgy t effectively imprve plant stress resistance. This advanced technlgy has been widely used in eclgical restratin prjects in China, especially in the dry and sandy areas in western China, where a large number f imprved shrubs and herbaceus plants have been planted.
These plants grw well in dry land, can effectively fix mving sand, imprve lcal sil quality, and prtect the fragile desert ecsystem frm further degradatin. Besides wild eclgical plants, the technlgy als benefits urban garden greening and urban agriculture.
Nevertheless, the natural adaptatin speed f wild plants still cannt keep up with the rapid climate change, s cntinuus scientific research and the cmbinatin f artificial imprvement and natural prtectin are urgently needed.
9. What des plant stress resistance mean?
A. Plants’ ability t grw under bad envirnments.
B. Plants’ fast reprductin speed in frests.
C. Plants’ functin f prducing fresh xygen.
D. Plants’ ability t prevent all animal eating.
10. What is the key discvery f Chinese scientists?
A. Special prteins cntrl plants’ anti-adversity ability.
B. All plants can change their genes freely in drught.
C. High temperature is gd fr all plant grwth.
D. Desert plants have n living cells inside.
11. What is the use f the imprved plants in dry western areas?
A. Prducing large amunts f cmmercial wd.
B. Fixing sand and imprving lcal sil cnditins.
C. Prviding enugh fd fr lcal wild animals.
D. Creating large man-made lakes in deserts.
12. What is the authr’s suggestin n plant prtectin?
A. Only depend n artificial plant imprvement.
B. Cmbine artificial imprvement with natural prtectin.
C. Stp all human activities in natural areas cmpletely.
D. Plant the same single species everywhere.
Passage 4 Gut Micrbes and Human Health（肠道微生物）
押题理由
核心押题点：肠道微生物是2026年人体健康类生物热点，贴合“亚健康”“健康生活方式”全民关注话题，符合高考“科技与健康”命题趋势；题型涵盖细节理解、词义猜测（第14题）、推理判断，贴合D篇高难难度；文章为议论文体，重点考查“观点提炼、逻辑推理”，是高考议论文阅读重点押题方向，贴合外刊健康类文章选材风格。
In recent years, medical bilgy research has fund that the human bdy is clsely cnnected with cuntless micrbes, frming a mutually beneficial symbitic relatinship. Amng all these micrbes, gut micrbes have the greatest influence n human physical and mental health, which has attracted widespread attentin frm the medical cmmunity.
Gut micrbes are nt useless bacteria in the digestive system, but a key bilgical system that regulates human health and maintains the balance f the bdy. A balanced structure f gut micrbes helps maintain nrmal bdy functins in many ways, and its rle even extends beynd the digestive system t affect the whle bdy.
Gd gut bacteria can nt nly help the human bdy digest fd and absrb nutrients effectively, but als prduce necessary vitamins that the human bdy cannt synthesize by itself. Mre imprtantly, mdern medical studies have prved that gut micrbes are clsely related t the human immune system. A healthy micrbial balance can significantly strengthen the bdy’s immunity and reduce the risk f varius diseases.
Besides, scientists have discvered the gut-brain axis: gut micrbes can send chemical signals t the brain thrugh the nervus system, thus influencing peple’s md, sleep quality and even mental state. This explains why sme peple with intestinal discmfrt ften feel anxius r sleepy.
Unhealthy lifestyle habits can easily damage the balance f gut micrbes. Irregular eating, excessive intake f junk fd, lng-term staying up late and lack f physical exercise will all cause disrder f intestinal flra, leading t a series f sub-health symptms.
Frtunately, peple can rebuild the balance f gut micrbes thrugh scientific methds. A prper diet, regular physical exercise and gd living habits are the best ways t prtect gut health, while verusing antibitics shuld be avided as much as pssible.
13. What is the functin f healthy gut micrbes?
A. Cure all kinds f serius diseases directly.
B. Help digestin, nutritin absrptin and immune imprvement.
C. Replace all human internal rgans.
D. Prduce enugh xygen fr human breathing.
14. What is the gut-brain axis accrding t the text?
A. A physical rgan cnnecting stmach and brain.
B. Micrbe signals affecting brain md and state.
C. A kind f disease attacking bth gut and brain.
D. New medical peratin technlgy.
15. What causes gut micrbe imbalance?
A. Enugh utdr exercise every day.
B. Scientific healthy eating habits.
C. Unhealthy lifestyle and irregular diet.
D. Prper prbitic nutritin supplement.
16. What is experts’ advice n gut health?
A. Take plenty f antibitics frequently.
B. Keep healthy lifestyle and avid blind medicine use.
C. Only depend n medical treatment cmpletely.
D. Eat high-fat junk fd t feed micrbes.
Passage5 Wild Animal Prtectin and Bidiversity（野生动物保护）
押题理由
核心押题点：生物多样性、野生动物保护是高考生物类阅读必考话题，贴合“生态保护”国家战略，融入中国大熊猫、朱鹮等珍稀动物保护成就，符合高考“家国情怀+生态责任”命题导向；题型涵盖细节理解、推理判断，贴合E篇中难难度；考点覆盖“濒危原因、保护成果、技术助力、保护关键”，是高考生态类阅读必练篇目，命题频率极高。
Bidiversity is the basis f glbal eclgical security and an imprtant guarantee fr the sustainable develpment f human sciety. It maintains the stability f the glbal ecsystem and prvides rich resurces fr human survival and develpment.
In the past decades, due t habitat lss caused by human activities, illegal hunting and envirnmental pllutin, many wild animal species have faced the risk f extinctin, and the glbal eclgical balance has been severely damaged. Sme species have even disappeared frever, which has brught irreversible lsses t the glbal bidiversity.
In 2026, glbal bilgical prtectin has entered a new stage, and China has made utstanding achievements in the field f wild animal prtectin. China has built a cmplete natural reserve system and frmulated strict wildlife prtectin laws and regulatins, prviding a slid guarantee fr wildlife prtectin.
A large number f natinal parks have been cnstructed t prvide safe and suitable living habitats fr rare wild animals. With cntinuus and in-depth prtectin, the ppulatin f many rare species has increased greatly: giant pandas have imprved their survival level frm endangered t vulnerable, and wild elephants, crested ibis and snw lepards have als returned t their natural hmes in larger numbers.
Mdern bilgical technlgy als prvides strng supprt fr wild animal prtectin. Scientists use GPS tracking, DNA detectin and ther advanced technlgies t mnitr the activities f wild animals in real time, prviding scientific data supprt fr frmulating scientific prtectin plans.
Nevertheless, new challenges still remain, and prtecting wild animals requires the jint effrts f gvernments and the public. Only by wrking tgether can we prtect bidiversity and maintain the balance f the glbal ecsystem.
17. Why did wild animals face extinctin befre?
A. Natural climate was always mild and warm.
B. Habitat lss, illegal hunting and pllutin.
C. T many natural reserves existed.
D. Animals had enugh fd and living space.
18. What prgress has China made in wild animal prtectin?
A. Sme rare species’ ppulatin has grwn greatly.
B. All endangered animals have cmpletely disappeared.
C. All wild animals are raised in man-made zs.
D. Stpped all glbal envirnmental pllutin.
19. Hw des mdern technlgy help wild animal prtectin?
A. By clning all extinct wild animals again.
B. By tracking and mnitring animals with scientific data.
C. By feeding all wild animals with man-made fd.
D. By mving all animals t cld plar areas.
20. What is the key t glbal bidiversity prtectin?
A. Stpping all human ecnmic develpment.
B. Jint effrts f gvernment and public tgether.
C. Prtecting nly large pwerful wild animals.
D. Intrducing mre freign species int nature.
Passage 6 Marine Bilgy and Ocean Eclgical Prtectin（海洋生物）
押题理由
核心押题点：海洋生物与海洋生态保护是2026年高考新增热点，贴合“海洋强国”国家战略，聚焦中国珊瑚礁修复、海洋治污等成就，符合高考“生态保护+国家发展”命题趋势；题型以细节理解为主，贴合F篇中档难度；覆盖“海洋威胁、核心物种重要性、国家措施、全球合作”考点，选材贴合外刊海洋生态类文章，是高考冷门但重点押题方向。
The cean cvers mre than 70 percent f the earth’s surface and is the largest ecsystem n the planet. Marine bilgy nt nly supprts the whle cean ecsystem but als plays an imprtant rle in maintaining glbal eclgical balance and regulating the earth’s climate.
In recent years, due t verfishing, serius cean plastic pllutin and sea temperature rise caused by glbal warming, the marine living envirnment has been greatly damaged. This nt nly threatens the survival f varius sea creatures but als breaks the balance f the marine ecsystem, making glbal marine bilgical prtectin extremely urgent.
Chinese marine bilgists have carried ut rich and in-depth research and prtectin prjects, fcusing n prtecting cral reefs. Cral reefs are knwn as “cean rainfrests” because they prvide living hmes fr cuntless fish and ther marine rganisms, and play a key rle in maintaining marine bidiversity.
Due t glbal warming, the cntinuus rise f sea water temperature has caused widespread cral bleaching and death. T slve this prblem, scientists use advanced bilgical restratin technlgy t cultivate healthy cral seedlings and rebuild the cral reef ecsystem in castal areas.
Besides cral prtectin, China als takes a series f effective measures t prtect marine bilgy, such as setting annual fishing ban perids and building marine prtected areas. Meanwhile, scientists are actively develping new methds t deal with cean plastic pllutin.Hwever, cean pllutin spreads acrss natinal bundaries, which requires clse glbal internatinal cperatin. All cuntries need t wrk tgether t prtect cean life and keep marine bilgical balance fr the benefit f future generatins.
21. What harms marine rganisms mst recently?
A. Enugh sea water and natural fd.
B. Overfishing, pllutin and rising sea temperature.
C. Grwing number f marine prtected areas.
D. Scientific research n sea creatures.
22. Why are cral reefs imprtant?
A. They prduce all fresh water n the earth.
B. They are living hmes fr abundant marine lives.
C. They can stp all cean waves and strms.
D. They prvide cheap fuel fr human use.
23. What measure des China take t recver fish ppulatin?
A. Unlimited free fishing all year rund.
B. Annual fishing bans and marine prtected areas.
C. Catching all wild sea fish fr raising.
D. Adding much waste int deep cean.
24. What is necessary fr glbal cean prtectin?
A. Glbal internatinal cperatin.
B. Independent develpment f each cuntry.
C. Develping mre marine medical prducts.
D. Building mre man-made castal prts.
Passage 7 Rare Disease Bilgy and Medical Gene Therapy（罕见病·基因治疗）
押题理由
核心押题点：罕见病与基因治疗是2026年生物医疗前沿热点，贴合“医疗公平”“生物科技惠民”命题导向，融入中国基因治疗科研突破，符合高考“科技与民生”命题趋势；题型涵盖细节理解、推理判断，贴合G篇中难难度；文章为议论文体，重点考查“技术优势、局限、未来方向”，是高考医疗类阅读重点押题篇目，贴合外刊医疗科技选材风格。
Rare diseases have always been difficult medical prblems wrldwide, affecting millins f peple and bringing heavy burdens t families and sciety. Mst rare diseases are caused by gene defects, and they are usually difficult t diagnse and treat, which makes the lives f patients and their families extremely difficult.
Befre the develpment f gene therapy, there were few effective medicines and treatment methds, leaving many patients with n way t get effective treatment. Sme patients even had t endure severe pain fr a lng time, and the treatment cst als brught huge ecnmic pressure t their families.
In 2026, with the rapid develpment f bilgical gene therapy technlgy, new hpe has cme fr rare disease patients. Mdern gene therapy technlgy can accurately crrect abnrmal genes in the human bdy and slve diseases frm the rt, which is a revlutinary breakthrugh in the field f rare disease treatment.
Chinese medical bilgical teams have achieved great breakthrughs in rare disease gene treatment. Fr many genetic rare diseases caused by single gene mutatin, scientists use safe and efficient gene editing tls t repair defective human genes inside the bdy, bringing the pssibility f cure t patients.
Nevertheless, gene therapy still has strict limitatins. The high cst f treatment makes it difficult fr mst patients t affrd, and the lng-term safety f gene peratin in the human bdy still needs cntinuus clinical bservatin. In additin, ethical prblems als appear cncerning human gene mdificatin.
The future gal f rare disease treatment is t make gene therapy safer, cheaper and mre widely accessible, s that every rare disease patient can get equal medical help and live a nrmal life.
25. What causes mst rare diseases?
A. Unhealthy daily eating habits.
B. Human internal gene defects.
C. Serius utdr bacterial infectin.
D. Lack f enugh daily exercise.
26. What is the advantage f gene therapy ver traditinal medicine?
A. It nly reduces disease surface symptms.
B. It repairs defective genes and cures frm the rt.
C. It csts much less fr all patients.
D. It can treat all diseases in the wrld.
27. What are the present challenges f gene therapy?
A. High cst, uncertain lng-term safety and ethical prblems.
B. N medical teams master related technlgy at all.
C. It is ttally banned by glbal medical laws.
D. It nly wrks n cmmn rdinary diseases.
28. What is the future gal f rare disease bilgical treatment?
A. Make gene therapy safe, cheap and widely accessible.
B. Stp all gene related medical research cmpletely.
C. Use gene technlgy t change all human genes freely.
D. Only prvide treatment fr wealthy patients.
Passage 8 Bimimicry: Bilgy Inspiring Human Technlgy（生物仿生学·跨学科科技+生物高考冷门押题）
押题理由
核心押题点：生物仿生学是高考生物类阅读冷门但重点押题方向，属于“生物+工程”跨学科热点，贴合新课标“跨学科融合”命题导向，融入中国蛛丝仿生、昆虫仿生等科研成果；题型以细节理解为主，贴合H篇中档难度；覆盖“概念定义、实例应用、中国成就、科研建议”考点，选材新颖，符合高考“冷门热点”命题规律，可有效提升考生应对新颖题型的能力。
Bimimicry, als called binics, is a frntier interdisciplinary field that cmbines bilgy, engineering and design. It studies the structures, functins and survival strategies f natural rganisms t inspire the creatin f human technlgy and prducts, which is a perfect cmbinatin f nature and science.
Fr thusands f years, nature has been the greatest designer. Thrugh lng-term natural evlutin, creatures have develped perfect bdy structures and unique survival abilities t adapt t varius harsh envirnments. These excellent characteristics have becme the surce f inspiratin fr human inventin and creatin.
Many great inventins in human histry cme frm bimimicry. Fr example, peple learned frm the structure f bird wings t design the wings f airplanes, and drew inspiratin frm the smth surface f shark skin t create lw-resistance materials. Recently, the superhydrphbic structure f ltus leaves has inspired the develpment f self-cleaning waterprf materials.
Chinese researchers have made new and imprtant achievements in binic bilgical technlgy in recent years. They studied the strng adsrptin ability f spider silk and successfully develped a new type f envirnmental prtectin material, which can efficiently absrb heavy metal pllutin in water.Besides, binic rbts imitating the mvement mde f insects have been created. These rbts can finish small-space detectin
and rescue wrk in narrw and dangerus areas that are difficult fr humans t reach, playing an imprtant rle in emergency rescue and ther fields.
Bimimicry clsely cnnects bilgy with engineering, but simple cpying f bilgical structures is nt enugh. Scientists need t deeply understand the internal bilgical mechanism, s as t better apply natural wisdm t human technlgy and prmte sustainable develpment.
29. What is bimimicry mainly abut?
A. Studying animal fssils f ancient times.
B. Learning frm bilgy t create human technlgy.
C. Clning all natural wild rganisms artificially.
D. Prtecting endangered wild bilgical species.
30. What inventin cmes frm ltus leaf structure?
A. Self-cleaning waterprf building materials.
B. Lw-resistance ship surface materials.
C. New airplane wing structures.
D. Heavy metal absrbing materials.
31. What is the new Chinese binic material used fr?
A. Prducing new daily fd.
B. Absrbing water heavy metal pllutin.
C. Building large mdern ships.
D. Making sft medical clth.
32. What shuld scientists d fr better bimimicry?
A. Only cpy surface bilgical appearance directly.
B. Explre deep bilgical internal mechanisms.
C. Stp all research n natural creatures.
2026高考英语生物类押题阅读答案详解
Passage 1
1. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第9段“Different frm traditinal transgenic technlgy, gene editing can accurately change lcal genes f crps withut intrducing freign genes, which is safer and mre cntrllable in fd safety”，明确基因编辑与传统转基因技术相比，优势是“更安全、食品安全可控性更强”，对应选项B；A选项与原文“withut intrducing freign genes”矛盾；C、D选项原文未提及，属于无中生有。
2. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第10段“the new crp varieties have strnger resistance t natural disasters”和第11段“the new rice varieties have higher nutritin cntent”，可知新型水稻品种的改良特征是“更高的营养价值和更强的抗灾能力”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项中“生长速度、口感、尺寸”等特征原文未提及。
3. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第12段“veruse f gene editing technlgy may influence the diversity f riginal crp genes and bring ptential eclgical risks”，即过度使用基因编辑技术可能导致“原有作物基因多样性的丧失”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项均未在原文中出现，属于无关干扰项。
4. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第13段“China has built strict rules and supervisin systems n agricultural gene technlgy. While vigrusly develping advanced bilgical technlgy, scientists will als pay mre attentin t prtecting natural bilgical diversity”，可知中国对农业基因技术的态度是“在合理规范下大力发展”，对应选项B；A选项“完全禁止”、C选项“无限制应用”、D选项“完全依赖国外技术”均与原文表述矛盾。
Passage2
5. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第39段“It integrates bilgy, engineering and chemistry t design and cnstruct new bilgical systems and functinal rganisms”，结合第40段“prduce varius useful materials”，可知合成生物学的主要用途是“创造新的生物系统和绿色产品”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项均为极端表述，原文未提及“克隆灭绝动物、改变人类所有基因、直接控制气候”。
6. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第40段“it uses natural micrbes r engineered strains t prduce varius useful materials, which greatly reduces envirnmental pllutin and energy cnsumptin”，明确合成生物学相比传统化工产业的优势是“污染更少、能耗更低”，对应选项A；B选项“仅速度更快”、C选项“原料更便宜”、D选项“产品种类更全”均未在原文中体现。
7. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第42段“Special engineered micrbes develped by Chinese scientists can efficiently absrb carbn dixide frm the air and cnvert it int valuable rganic substances”，即合成生物学通过“微生物吸收并转化二氧化碳”助力碳中和，对应选项B；A、C、D选项均与原文中合成生物学的作用无关，属于干扰项。
8. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第43段“The high cst f micrbial culture, the unclear lng-term eclgical influence and the lack f mature industrial applicatin technlgy limit its large-scale industrial use”，可知限制合成生物学广泛应用的因素包括“高成本、长期生态影响不明确”，对应选项B；A选项与原文“prduce envirnmentally friendly materials”矛盾；C、D选项均为极端表述，原文未提及“被国际禁止、无国家掌握核心技术”。
Passage 3
9. 【考查类型】词义猜测题 【解题思路】定位原文第72段“Plant stress resistance refers t the inherent ability f plants t survive and grw nrmally under terrible envirnmental cnditins”，“terrible envirnmental cnditins”对应选项A中的“bad envirnments”，因此植物抗逆性指“植物在恶劣环境下生长的能力”，对应选项A；B、C、D选项均与原文定义无关，属于无关干扰。
10. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第73段“they have deeply studied the internal mlecular mechanism f plant stress resistance and fund that special prteins inside plants can effectively cntrl their respnse t drught and high temperature”，明确中国科学家的关键发现是“植物体内的特殊蛋白控制其抗逆能力”，对应选项A；B、C、D选项均为极端错误表述，与原文不符。
11. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第75段“These plants grw well in dry land, can effectively fix mving sand, imprve lcal sil quality”，可知西部干旱地区改良植物的用途是“固沙和改善土壤条件”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项原文未提及，属于无中生有。
12. 【考查类型】推理判断题 【解题思路】定位原文第76段“s cntinuus scientific research and the cmbinatin f artificial imprvement and natural prtectin are urgently needed”，作者明确提出建议“人工改良与自然保护相结合”，对应选项B；A选项“仅依赖人工改良”、C选项“完全停止人类活动”、D选项“种植单一物种”均与原文建议矛盾，属于极端表述。
Passage 4
13. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第105段“Gd gut bacteria can nt nly help the human bdy digest fd and absrb nutrients effectively... A healthy micrbial balance can significantly strengthen the bdy’s immunity”，可知健康肠道微生物的功能是“帮助消化、吸收营养和提升免疫力”，对应选项B；A选项“直接治愈所有严重疾病”、C选项“替代所有内脏”、D选项“产生氧气”均为极端错误表述，原文未提及。
14. 【考查类型】词义猜测题 【解题思路】定位原文第106段“gut micrbes can send chemical signals t the brain thrugh the nervus system, thus influencing peple’s md, sleep quality and even mental state”，明确肠-脑轴是“肠道微生物通过信号影响大脑情绪和状态”，对应选项B；A选项“连接胃和大脑的器官”、C选项“一种疾病”、D选项“医疗手术技术”均与原文定义不符。
15. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第107段“Unhealthy lifestyle habits can easily damage the balance f gut micrbes. Irregular eating... will all cause disrder f intestinal flra”，可知肠道菌群失衡的原因是“不健康的生活方式和不规律饮食”，对应选项C；A、B、D选项均是“维持肠道菌群平衡”的有利因素，与题干要求相反。
16. 【考查类型】推理判断题 【解题思路】定位原文第108段“A prper diet, regular physical exercise and gd living habits are the best ways t prtect gut health, while verusing antibitics shuld be avided”，可推理出专家建议“保持健康生活方式，避免盲目用药（滥用抗生素）”，对应选项B；A选项“频繁服用抗生素”、C选项“仅依赖医疗治疗”、D选项“吃高脂垃圾食品”均与原文建议矛盾。
Passage 5
17. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第136段“In the past decades, due t habitat lss caused by human activities, illegal hunting and envirnmental pllutin, many wild animal species have faced the risk f extinctin”，明确野生动物面临灭绝的原因是“栖息地丧失、非法捕猎和环境污染”，对应选项B；A、D选项是有利于野生动物生存的条件，与题干矛盾；C选项“过多自然保护区”原文未提及，属于无中生有。
18. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第138段“With cntinuus and in-depth prtectin, the ppulatin f many rare species has increased greatly”，可知中国在野生动物保护方面的进步是“许多珍稀物种种群数量大幅增长”，对应选项A；B选项“所有濒危动物完全消失”、C选项“所有野生动物都在人工动物园饲养”、D选项“停止所有环境污染”均为极端表述，与原文不符。
19. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第139段“Scientists use GPS tracking, DNA detectin and ther advanced technlgies t mnitr the activities f wild animals in real time, prviding scientific data supprt”，可知现代技术通过“追踪监测野生动物并提供科学数据”助力保护工作，对应选项B；A选项“克隆所有灭绝动物”、C选项“人工喂养所有野生动物”、D选项“将所有动物转移到极地”均未在原文中体现。
20. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第140段“prtecting wild animals requires the jint effrts f gvernments and the public”，明确全球生物多样性保护的关键是“政府和公众的共同努力”，对应选项B；A选项“停止所有人类经济发展”、C选项“只保护大型强大野生动物”、D选项“引入更多外来物种”均与原文表述矛盾。
Passage 6
21. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第143段“In recent years, due t verfishing, serius cean plastic pllutin and sea temperature rise caused by glbal warming, the marine living envirnment has been greatly damaged”，可知最近危害海洋生物的主要因素是“过度捕捞、污染和海水升温”，对应选项B；A选项是有利于海洋生物生存的条件，与题干矛盾；C、D选项与“危害海洋生物”无关，属于干扰项。
22. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第144段“Cral reefs are knwn as ‘cean rainfrests’ because they prvide living hmes fr cuntless fish and ther marine rganisms”，可知珊瑚礁的重要性在于“为大量海洋生物提供栖息家园”，对应选项B；A选项“产生地球上所有淡水”、C选项“阻挡所有海浪风暴”、D选项“提供廉价燃料”均为极端错误表述，原文未提及。
23. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第146段“China als takes a series f effective measures t prtect marine bilgy, such as setting annual fishing ban perids and building marine prtected areas”，可知中国恢复鱼类种群的措施是“年度休渔和建立海洋保护区”，对应选项B；A选项“全年无限制捕鱼”、C选项“捕捉所有野生海鱼人工饲养”、D选项“向深海投放大量垃圾”均与保护措施相悖。
24. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第147段“cean pllutin spreads acrss natinal bundaries, which requires clse glbal internatinal cperatin”，可知全球海洋保护需要“各国密切合作”，对应选项A；B选项“各国独立发展”、C选项“研发更多海洋医疗产品”、D选项“建造更多人工港口”均与原文要求不符。
Passage 7
25. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第169段“Mst rare diseases are caused by gene defects”，明确大多数罕见病的成因是“人体内部基因缺陷”，对应选项B；A选项“不健康饮食习惯”、C选项“严重户外细菌感染”、D选项“缺乏运动”均不是大多数罕见病的成因，原文未提及。
26. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第171段“Mdern gene therapy technlgy can accurately crrect abnrmal genes in the human bdy and slve diseases frm the rt”，可知基因治疗相比传统药物的优势是“修复缺陷基因，从根源治愈疾病”，对应选项B；A选项“仅缓解表面症状”是传统药物的特点，与基因治疗无关；C选项“成本更低”、D选项“治疗所有疾病”均为极端表述，与原文不符。
27. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第173段“The high cst f treatment... the lng-term safety f gene peratin... In additin, ethical prblems als appear”，可知基因治疗目前的挑战是“高成本、长期安全性不确定和伦理问题”，对应选项A；B选项“无医疗团队掌握技术”、C选项“被全球医疗法规禁止”、D选项“仅对普通疾病有效”均与原文矛盾。
28. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第174段“The future gal f rare disease treatment is t make gene therapy safer, cheaper and mre widely accessible”，明确罕见病生物治疗的未来目标是“让基因治疗更安全、更廉价、更普及”，对应选项A；B选项“停止所有基因相关研究”、C选项“自由改变人类所有基因”、D选项“仅为富裕患者提供治疗”均与原文目标相悖。
Passage 8
29. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第196段“It studies the structures, functins and survival strategies f natural rganisms t inspire the creatin f human technlgy and prducts”，可知生物仿生学的主要内容是“借鉴生物学知识创造人类技术”，对应选项B；A选项“研究古代动物化石”、C选项“人工克隆所有野生生物”、D选项“保护濒危物种”均与仿生学定义无关。
30. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第198段“the superhydrphbic structure f ltus leaves has inspired the develpment f self-cleaning waterprf materials”，可知源自荷叶结构的发明是“自清洁防水材料”，对应选项A；B选项“减阻船舶材料”源自鲨鱼皮，C选项“飞机机翼”源自鸟类翅膀，D选项“重金属吸附材料”源自蛛丝，均与荷叶无关。
31. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第199段“They studied the strng adsrptin ability f spider silk and successfully develped a new type f envirnmental prtectin material, which can efficiently absrb heavy metal pllutin in water”，可知中国新型仿生材料的用途是“吸附水体重金属污染”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项均未在原文中提及，属于无中生有。
32. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第201段“Scientists need t deeply understand the internal bilgical mechanism, s as t better apply natural wisdm t human technlgy”，可知科学家更好开展仿生学研究需要“探索生物内在机理”，对应选项B；A选项“仅直接复制生物表面外观”与原文表述矛盾；C选项“停止所有自然生物研究”、D选项“不参考自然发明产品”均与仿生学理念相悖。