2025-2026学年陕西省西安市长安区部分学校高一下学期第一次质量检测英语试卷（学生版）

这是一份2025-2026学年陕西省西安市长安区部分学校高一下学期第一次质量检测英语试卷（学生版），共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， Why did Mrs等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. What is the man’s main reasn fr buying an electric car?
A. The lw running cst.B. The envirnmental prtectin.C. The gvernment’s financial supprt.
2. Hw des the man sund?
A. Cnfused.B. Hesitant.C. Curius.
3. Why did Mrs. Jnes make the phne call this mrning?
A. T schedule a meeting.B. T share her decisin.C. T get sme infrmatin.
4. What is the purpse f the “green pints” system?
A. T reduce app usage.B. T prmte green travel.C. T sell mre bus tickets.
5. Why is the wman surprised abut the package?
A. It arrived quickly.B. It cst a lt.C. It was misplaced.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6. What des the man decide t d first?
A. Sign up fr a yearly membership.
B. Bk a persnal training sessin.
C. Chse the mnthly membership plan.
7. What is the cst f a single persnal training sessin?
A. $25.B. $30.C. $250.
8. What is included in the membership?
A. Access t grup classes.B. A discunt n yearly plans.C. Free persnal training sessins.
9. What can we infer abut the man?
A. He is new t fitness training.
B. He is nly interested in grup classes.
C. He prefers flexibility in the membership.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10. What is the man’s first piece f advice fr the wman?
A. Setting ff at her wn speed.B. Wearing a helmet at all times.C. Explring different rutes.
11. Where des the man nrmally g cycling?
A. Alng the cast.B. In the nearby park.C. In the muntains.
12. What is the lngest distance the man has cycled?
A. 50 kilmeters.B. 100 kilmeters.C. 150 kilmeters.
13. Why des the man enjy grup rides?
A. They help break his cycling recrd.
B. They give him a sense f belnging.
C. They usually invlve intense cmpetitin.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
14. Why is the dg sent t the training schl?
A. He needs t learn sme new skills.
B. He has been acting in an dd way.
C. He is trubled by his visin prblem.
15. Hw will Sphie get t her classrm tday?
A. With the help f her sister.B. By relying n the man.C. Under the guidance f a dg.
16. What will Sphie need t d tday?
A. G shpping.B. Train a dg.C. Take a test.
17. Wh is prbably Mr. Andrew?
A. Sphie’s teacher.B. Sphie’s hairdresser.C. Sphie’s dctr.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. Wh is the speaker talking t prbably?
A. Wrkers.B. Students.C. Emplyers.
19. What des the speaker say abut vlunteer jbs?
A. They are beneficial t the vlunteers.
B. Mst f them are ffered in Autumn.
C. Schls are badly in need f vlunteers.
20. What is the speaker recmmending?
A. A schl.B. A cmpany.C. A jb website.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If yu’re heading fr yur nearest branch f Waterstnes, the biggest bk retailer in the UK, in search f the Duchess f Sussex’s new children’s bk The Bench, yu might have t be prepared t hunt arund a bit, the same may be true f The President’s Daughter, the new thriller by Bill Clintn and James Pattersn. Bth f these bks are published next week by Penguin Randm Huse (PRH), a cmpany currently invlved in a stand-ff with Waterstnes.
The prblem began late last year, when PRH cnfirmed that it had intrduced a credit limit with Waterstnes “at a very significant level”. The trade magazine The Bkseller reprted that Waterstnes branch managers were being tld t remve PRH bks frm prminent areas such as tables, display spaces and windws, and were “quietly retiring them t their relevant sectins”.
PRH declined t cmment n the issue, but a spkespersn fr Waterstnes tld me: “Waterstnes are currently perating with reduced credit terms frm PRH, the nly publisher in the UK t place any limitatins n ur ability t trade. We are nt byctting PRH titles but we are ding ur utmst t ensure that availability fr custmers remains gd despite the lwer verall levels f stck.” “We are hpeful with ur shps nw pen again that nrmality will return and that we will be allwed t buy apprpriately. Certainly, ur shps are exceptinally busy. The sales fr ur May Bks f the Mnth surpassed any mnth since 2018.”
In the meantime, PRH authrs have been the lsers. Big-name PRH authrs may suffer a bit, but it’s thse mid-list authrs, wh nrmally rely n Waterstnes staff’s passin fr prmting bks by lesser-knwn writers, wh will be praying fr an end t the dispute.
It cmes at a time when authrs are already wrried abut the cnsequences f the prpsed merger between PRH and anther big publisher, Simn & Schuster — the reductin in the number f unaligned UK publishers is likely t lead t fewer bidding wars, lwer advances, and mre cnfrmity in terms f what is published. “This is all part f a wider change twards cncentratin f pwer,” says literary agent Andrew Lwnie. “The publishing industry talks abut diversity in terms f authrs and staff but it als needs a plurality f ways f delivering intellectual cntact, chice and different vices. After all, many f the mst interesting bks in recent years have cme frm small publishers.”
We shall see whether that plurality is a casualty f the current need amng publishers t be big enugh t take n all-cmers.
21. The authr mentins tw bks in Paragraph 1 t present ________.
A. an nging cnflict.B. an intellectual cncept.
C. a prevailing sentiment.D. a literary phenmenn.
22. What message des the spkespersn fr Waterstnes seem t cnvey?
A. Their stck is underestimated.B. Their custmers remain lyal.
C. The bk market is rather slack.D. The credit limit will be remved.
23. Which f the fllwing statements best represents Lwnie’s view?
A. Small publishers ught t stick tgether.
B. Big publishers will lse their dminance.
C. The publishing industry is having a hard time.
D. The merger f publishers is a wrrying trend.
B
Scientists at Finland’s Aalt University have fund that using artificial intelligence (AI) almst remves and reverses (逆转)the Dunning-Kruger effect, a phenmenn that peple wh aren’t very gd at a given task are vercnfident, while peple with high ability tend t underestimate their skills. Their research shwed that when using cmmn chatbts t slve prblems, everyne (regardless f their skill level) tended t put t much faith in the quality f the answers, with the mst experienced AI users ding s the mst.
In the study, scientists gave 500 subjects lgical reasning tasks, with half allwed t use ChatGPT. Bth grups were later quizzed n bth their AI literacy and hw well they thught they perfrmed, and prmised extra rewards if they assessed their wn perfrmance accurately.
The reasns behind the findings are varied. Because AI users were usually satisfied with their answer after nly ne questin r prmpt (提示), accepting the answer withut further checking r cnfirmatin, they can be said t have engaged in what Rbin Welsch, an Aalt University cmputer scientist, calls “cgnitive (认知) fflading” — explring the questin with reduced reflectin, and appraching it in a mre “shallw” way.
Such less engagement in ur wn reasning means we bypass the usual feedback prcess f critical thinking, which reduces ur ability t assess ur perfrmance accurately. Even mre revealing was the fact that we all verestimate ur abilities when using AI, regardless f ur intelligence, with the gap between high-and lw-skill users reducing. The study wed this t the fact that large language mdels (LLMs) help everyne perfrm better t sme degree. Meanwhile, the Aalt team warned f several ptential impacts as AI becmes mre widespread.
Firstly, metacgnitive accuracy verall might suffer. Withut reflecting n results, errr checking r deeper reasning, we risk weakening ur ability t surce infrmatin reliably, the scientists said in the study. What’s mre, the flattening f the Dunning-Kruger Effect will mean we’ll all cntinue t verestimate ur abilities while using AI, with the mre AI-literate amng us ding s even mre — leading t an increased climate f miscalculated decisin-making and a drp in their skills.
24. What did Aalt University researchers discver abut AI chatbt use?
A. Lw-ability users became less cnfident.
B. It strengthened the Dunning-Kruger Effect.
C. Users generally ver-trusted the chatbt’s answers.
D. Only beginners ften thught highly f their abilities.
25. Which aspect f the research is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The purpse.B. The prcess.C. The subjects.D. The findings.
26. Why d the users ften verestimate their abilities?
A. LLMs’ aid imprves users’ task perfrmance.
B. Users ften skip the prcess f critical thinking.
C. AI tls cntribute t users’ metacgnitive accuracy.
D. The gap between high-and lw-skill AI users is bridged.
27. What will be prbably talked abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A. Regulatins fr narrwing AI users’ skill gap.
B. Guidelines fr surcing infrmatin reliably.
C. Methds fr preventing users’ cgnitive decline.
D. Tips fr imprving the subjects’ perfrmance.
C
Time is smething we feel every day — rushing t schl, glancing at watches, cunting dwn minutes. Yet, surprisingly, mdern physics struggles t explain why time mves frward at all. Einstein’s thery f relativity describes time as part f a fixed 4D spacetime, where past, present, and future cexist like pages in a bk. Quantum mechanics (量子力学) des nt naturally treats time as special — many prcesses culd run backward just as well. S where des time’s flw cme frm?
A grundbreaking perspective was prpsed in 1983 by scientists Page and Wtters. They prpsed that time is an illusin (幻觉) created by quantum entanglement (纠缠). They envisined the universe as a timeless quantum state. When ne part acts as a “clck” and becmes entangled with the rest, time seems t emerge — just like page numbers help us read a stry in rder.
Experimental supprt is accumulating. In a 2024 study, scientists created a mdel using entangled quantum magnets and a spring. The entire system was static (静态的), yet the spring’s state changed ver time relative t the clck, demnstrating hw time might arise frm entanglement.
But what culd serve as the universe’s real clck? Italian physicist Pala Verrucci pints t black hles. They are islated, highly energetic, and — thanks t Hawking radiatin — can entangle with the utside wrld. “It’s a perfect clck,” she says. “Yu can’t tuch it, but yu can be linked t it.”
Mre strikingly, Verrucci argues time’s directin may cme frm quantum measurement. Each time we bserve reality, pssibilities cllapse int facts — a ne-way prcess. “Yu create time,” she says, “when yu ask what time it is.” This view transfrms ur rle frm passive witnesses f time t active participants. Time may nt be a pre-existing river carrying us, but a stry we c-write thrugh ur interactins with a quantum universe.
28. What can we knw frm paragraph 1?
A. The thery f relativity views time as independent f space.
B. Mdern physics can explain why time mves frward easily.
C. Quantum mechanics specially fcuses n the study f time.
D. Our understanding f time varies frm physics perspectives.
29. Why did the scientists create the mdel?
A. T explain the quantum entanglement.
B. T supprt a timeless quantum state.
C. T shw hw time cmes frm entanglement.
D. T cnfirm time exists in a static universe.
30. Which viewpint might Verrucci agree with?
A. Hawking radiatin generated time.
B. There is n ideal clck in universe.
C. Observing time helps t create time.
D. Time existed as a river befre humans.
31. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T present the histry f quantum mechanics.
B. T explre the rigin f time frm quantum links.
C. T cmpare a cuple f knwn spacetime theries.
D. T illustrate technlgy f quantum entanglement.
D
The Luis Creek Valley in British Clumbia is green with Duglas firs (花旗松), but Je Gilchrist, a fire keeper and 30-year firefighter, sees danger first. “Over 100 years since burning was banned, trees have vergrwn,” he explains. “Dead trees and fallen branches add t fuel. A majr fire is waiting.”
Until the 1860s, the Secwepemc peple were regularly setting small fires in spring and fall. These burns cleared undergrwth safely, preventing crwn fires that jump between treetps. “Megafires (特大火灾) just weren’t pssible, because the frest itself was bidiverse,” says Gilchrist. “It wasn’t a single-species stand f trees that are t clse tgether, t ver-aged, and with lts f fuel n the grund.”
This practice was cmmn acrss pre-Clumbian Americas. Eurpean settlers described it in diaries as wasteful but nw, experts see that they knew what they were ding. Lri Daniels, a prfessr f the University f British Clumbia, has matched fire scars n tree rings with native ral histry, finding evidence f the repeated lw-scale burning. One tree in Tbacc Plains survived 52 fires, but fire-scar rings ceased in the 19th century when settlers banned traditinal burning. “After Wrld War II, fire cntrl technlgy imprved, but frests became weaker as fuel cllected.65%-85% f tday’s trees grew after native burning stpped,” says Daniels. “The thick frests we see exist because fires were cntrlled fr decades.”
Nw, climate change has created a terrifying new nrmal. Htter temperatures, drier cnditins, and increased fuel have turned nrthern frests int fire traps. In 2023, Canadian fires burned ver 37 millin acres, releasing abut 647 millin metric tns f carbn dixide. Sme frests may never recver, and repeated big fires culd turn them int grasslands. Wrse, nrthern permanent frzen sil hlds huge carbn; as glbal warming melts it, fires there can burn fr mnths, releasing carbn trapped fr thusands f years and pushing Earth tward a climate tipping pint.
As expert Flannigan warns, “We’re n a dwnward path. Until we address the rt cause — ur reliance n fssil fuels — warming and fires will wrsen. There’s n way arund it.”
32. Why des Je Gilchrist see danger first in the Luis Creek Valley?
A. Frests are being cut dwn.
B. T much fire fuel exists.
C. Climate becmes extremely dry.
D. Dead trees are nt cleared timely.
33. What des Prfessr Lri Daniels’s research demnstrate?
A. Native burning was randmly arranged.
B. Native burning burnt dwn mst f the frests.
C. Native burning was nce an effective practice.
D. Native burning was recrded by Eurpean settlers.
34. Which is a mentined cnsequence f large-scale frest fires?
A. Balance f climate system.
B. Cntrl f fuel accumulatin.
C. Melting f permanent frzen sil.
D. Reductin f frests’ carbn strage.
35. Which is the best title fr the text?
A. Native Wisdm: Key t Preventing Frest Fires
B. Climate Change: Rt f All Frest Disasters
C. Frm Cntrlled Burns t Megafires: A Frest Crisis
D. Fire Cntrl Technlgy: A Slutin t Frest Fires
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu have ever felt like the dd ne ut, the misunderstd artist, r the rebel (叛逆者) withut a cause in yur family, yu have likely wrn the “black sheep” title. The term is nt just a catchy phrase but a lived experience fr many. ___36___
Being the black sheep can cme with its share f psychlgical challenges. One may feel left ut, misunderstd and even rejected. Luckily, there are ways t heal frm a childhd spent as the black sheep.
Begin by embracing yur individuality. Yu need t recgnize that yur differences are nt weaknesses but strengths. ___37___ And there is enrmus value in that. S, celebrate yur distinct path and all the qualities that set yu apart.
Setting healthy bundaries is crucial t yur relatinship. It is kay t say n, t distance yurself frm negative energy, and t chse yur wn well-being. ___38___
Plus, yu’d better find a cmmunity f like-minded individuals, which can prvide great supprt. Sharing experiences in an understanding envirnment can be remarkably healing. ___39___ Still, smetimes, the impact f grwing up as the black sheep can be intense, affecting ne’s mental health and relatinships.
___40___ Therapy prvides a safe space t explre yur feelings, understand the dynamics that shaped yur rle within the family, and develp strategies t mve frward in a healthy way.
A. Yur unique viewpints and chices define wh yu are.
B. Therefre, recnciling (和解) with yur family shuld be yur gal.
C. After all, there are many flks ut there wh can relate t yur jurney.
D. This is why islating yurself t avid further pain is a cmmn reactin.
E. This helps prtect yur mental health and strengthen yur sense f self-wrth.
F. In such cases, seeking the guidance f a health prfessinal can be invaluable.
G. This rle is typically assigned t smene wh ges against the family’s expectatins.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Ognjen Krnetié is a ranger (护林员) in the prtected area f the Gradac River Grge (峡谷) and a member f the Gradac Envirnmental Sciety. He has spent decades making sure that Gradac ____41____ that way. He grew up in a family that prtected nature befre it even became a prfessin. This family traditin f respnsible use f nature and____42____ frest and water led Ognjen t the jb he des tday — he is the man wh makes sure the Gradac River will keep ____43____ fr his children t enjy.
In recent years, Gradac has fallen victim t its wn ____44____. When mre and mre peple began t ____45____ nature escapes near cities, the grge has experienced the entry f ____46____ int its prtected areas: unauthrized camping, fires started where it is ____47____, and swimming spts crwded with bathers.
Despite all ____48____, the lcal cmmunity remains ____49____ t the visin f keeping Gradac clean and lifeful. The prject “Natural Measures fr Eclgical Gradac” is part f the cmmunity’s effrt t ____50____ the varius challenges the river faces with smart, nature-based slutins.
Fr Ognjen Krnetié and lcal residents living near Gradac, each f these ____51____ is mre than typical nature cnservatin — it is a way t ____52____ a part f their identity and family traditin. It is als a(n) ____53____ fr the children wh run alng the shres f Gradac tday t bring their wn ____54____ t the same river tmrrw, under the same willw trees, and ____55____ say, “Yu knw yu can drink the water straight frm the river here.”
41. A. wrksB. frmsC. staysD. stretches
42. A. getting n withB. making use fC. keeping cntact withD. taking care f
43. A. cleanB. quietC. calmD. clurful
44. A. pllutinB. respnsibilitiesC. ppularityD. lcatin
45. A. avidB. seekC. permitD. change
46. A. visitrsB. animalsC. ppnentsD. victims
47. A. admiredB. prhibitedC. expectedD. ignred
48. A. disastersB. effrtsC. difficultiesD. pssibilities
49. A. addictedB. ppsedC. expsedD. cmmitted
50. A. addressB. analyzeC. createD. recrd
51. A. challengesB. measuresC. traditinsD. barriers
52. A. preserveB. illustrateC. integrateD. adapt
53. A. rutineB. pprtunityC. alternativeD. way
54. A. wrkmatesB. parentsC. friendsD. children
55. A. willinglyB. gentlyC. prudlyD. simply
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Milky Way frmed arund 13.5 billin years ag, but it's nt pssible t travel back in time t see exactly hw it ___56___ (happen). Studies f the Galaxy's ancient stars ffer sme clues, as d simulatins (模拟), ___57___ the bservable light frm ur hme galaxy (星系) was emitted (发出) t recently ___58___ (enable) astrnmers t examine its beginnings directly. One way arund this prblem is t study ther galaxies that resemble the Milky Way. Mwla used bservatins frm the James Webb Space Telescpe (JWST) t investigate ___59___ distant galaxy with a mass that matches the expected mass f the Milky Way ___60___ (shrt) after its frmatin in the early universe.
When astrnmers bserve distant galaxies, they see light that was emitted billins f years ag, because it takes time ___61___light t travel acrss space t their telescpes. ___62___ (earth) distance frm such far­away galaxies, and thus hw lng ag their light was emitted, can be measured, thanks t the cnstant ___63___ (expand) f the universe. As light jurneys acrss the vastness f space, its wavelength is stretched alng with the expanding fabric f space, ___64___ (make) it seem redder than it was when it was emitted. And the change in the wavelength ___65___ (determine) by the distance the light travels and the age f the universe at the time f emissin.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 你校英语社团举办主题为“Labr Shapes Us”演讲活动,请你以上周参与的一次校园食堂帮厨劳动实践，写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1.具体劳动过程；
2.你的劳动感悟。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Labr Shapes Us
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第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On an early rainy Nvember mrning, the sky was still dark. Ed Cleman, a truck driver frm Sapp Brthers Petrleum, was driving alng his usual rute in Papillin, Nebraska. He planned t finish his delivery tasks as usual, never thinking he wuld becme a her that day.
Suddenly, smething unusual caught his eye n the rad. Even thugh the rain blurred (使变模糊) his visin, he seemed t see a small figure standing n the median (隔离带). As a father f his wn children, Ed felt a strng urge t check it ut. He made a quick U-turn and drve back, nly t find a 3-year-ld by standing there alne, lking scared and helpless.
It turned ut that earlier, the by’s grandfather had a sudden illness. The cuple rushed him t the hspital in a hurry and accidentally frgt t lck the dr prperly. The little by had wken up in the early mrning and culdn’t find his parents. He quietly walked ut f the huse, hping t lk fr them. Unfamiliar with the neighburhd, he wandered alng the rad and accidentally walked nt the median. He was t frightened t mve, s he just std there in the cld rain.
Ed gt ut f his truck at nce. At the same time, anther witness wh passed by als stpped t help. They called 911 immediately. T keep the by warm, Ed carried him int his truck and wrapped him in a blanket given by the ther witness. While waiting fr the plice, Ed played cartn vides n his phne t calm the little by dwn.
Ed said he had slightly diverted (改道) frm his usual path that day. He culdn’t explain why he chse that way, but it was this small change that made him meet the by in time. In an interview, he said he nly cared abut keeping the by safe. Thinking f his wn children, he culdn’t imagine leaving the by there alne. His vice even trembled (颤抖) with emtin when he talked abut it.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Shrtly after, the plice arrived.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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Ten days later, Ed accepted the invitatin t the by’s hme fr dinner.
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