高考英语二轮讲义-冠词（核心考点精讲精练）（全国通用）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮讲义-冠词（核心考点精讲精练）（全国通用）（学生版），共9页。试卷主要包含了 高考真题考点分布， 命题规律及备考策略，【命题预测】，考查使用定冠词的基本用法，考查使用定冠词的固定搭配等内容，欢迎下载使用。
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1. 高考真题考点分布
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近3年新高考卷对于冠词的考查共计7次，主要考查：
① 冠词的泛指、特指
② 冠词在形容词和副词比较等级前的用法
③ 冠词的固定搭配
④ a 和an的区别
【备考策略】
复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：
①单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；
②复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；
③无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。
3.【命题预测】
2026年语法填空高考仍然会以考查冠词的基本用法和习惯搭配为主，以语篇型语法填空形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法如结合名词、形容词等一起进行考查。
必备考点知识：
1.考查不定冠词a和an的区别。
2.考查使用不定冠词的基本用法。
3.考查使用不定冠词的固定搭配。
4.考查使用定冠词的基本用法。
5.考查使用定冠词的固定搭配。
考点一 不定冠词表示泛指
1.根据语境判断不定冠词表示泛指：（常考点）
(1)不定冠词与单数名词连用，泛指一类事物或一类事物中的一个。
(2)用于某人或某物的名字前，指与其具有相同特性的人或物。
(3)在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
(4)a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】
(5)用于表示价格、速度、比率、时间、重量、长度等的单位名词前，表示“每一”，相当于every，each或per。
(6)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前有形容词修饰时，加a或an。
2. 不定冠词a/an分析句子结构，发现空后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑用不定冠词a/an。
1.深度理解不定冠词表示泛指：泛指就是指抽象的，不具体的信息，也就是对某事物没有详细具体的信息。
【经典例题】（2003·上海春卷）An accident happened at crssrads a few metres away frm bank.
A.a…a B./ … a C./ … the D.the…/
【答案】A
【解析】句意：一场事故发生在离一家银行只有几米远的十字路口。两个空都是泛指, 并不是特定的那个十字路口, 或者那家银行。
【解读】深刻理解此句就解决了不定冠词表泛指的很多问题：An accident happened at a crssrads a few metres away frm a bank.一场事故发生在离一家银行只有几米远的十字路口。（形象解读：按照这句话提供的信息，你能找到那个银行吗？能找到那个十字路口吗？本句只让读者知道发生了一次意外事故。这就是泛指，很多同学不理解抽象和泛指，本题是理解此点的永远的经典）
2.有定语从句修饰的名词不一定是特指，有时是泛指。
【经典例题】（2004·福建卷）It is______ wrld f wnders,______ wrld where anything can happen.
A.a;the B.a;a C.the;a D.不填；不填
【答案】B
【解析】考查不定冠词；句意：这是一个充满奇迹的世界，一个任何事情都能发生的世界。a wrld f一个……的世界；第二空是同位语, 表示不确定。
【解读】虽然wrld后有定语从句where anything can happen修饰，但任何事情都能发生的那个世界还没到来，是将来的一个世界，具有不确定性，是抽象的，是目前看不到的，所以用不定冠词表泛指，用a。
It is a wrld f wnders, a wrld where anything can happen.
1.（2025年浙江 1月卷）The price f fashin – ecnmically and envirnmentally – has led t the rise f 56 new way f dressing, and it’s beginning t take ff in Australia, t.
2.（2021新课标I卷）While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is must t visit!
1.（2026·山东省济南市高三上学期开学）By late 2024, the regin’s perating length had dubled, grwing frm 4,914.2 kilmeters in 2012 t 9,525.68 kilmeters — 43 93.84 percent increase.
2.（2026·河南省新未来高三上学期9月联合测评）I ften dreamed f dancing atp the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau — the “rf f the wrld”. This dream became 39 reality when MUC (Minzu University f China) c-rganized a cultural trip with Minzu Huaba, a magazine dcumenting China’s ethnic minrity culture, ffering a valuable pprtunity t engage with the culture I had cme t admire frm afar.
3.（2026·山东省潍坊市高三上学期开学）I am nt 41 Sami, but in Sarek I've adpted sme f their habits. Fr example, this mrning my breakfast is flat bread warmed ver a fire, and sme sweet berries that I fund grwing near my tent.
考点二 考查定冠词表特指
①用于特指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。
When I passed the statin this mrning, I saw an accident.今天早晨经过车站时，我看到了一起交通事故。
②用于复述上文已经提到的人或事物。
I applied fr a university in the USA. The university enjys a gd reputatin.我申请了一所美国大学，这所大学享有很好的声誉。
③用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或发明创造的名词前。
The sun is much larger than the earth.太阳比地球大的多。
④用于表示演奏的西洋乐器的名词前。
He started t play the pian at five.他五岁开始学习弹钢琴。
【高频再现】
①用于姓氏的复数前表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。
The Smiths are watching TV nw.史密斯一家正在看电视。
②用于形容词前表示一类人。
the rich, the pr, the ld, the Chinese, the wunded, the injured, the disabled。
③用于序数词或形容词的最高级前面。
The first thing yu shuld d is t think it ver and ver again.你首先要做的事情是再三考虑一下。
表示中国民族乐器的名词前通常不加冠词，如pipa(琵琶)、flute(长笛)、erhu(二胡)等。
1．（2025全国一卷）G is ne f 57 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games.
2.（2025八省联考卷）Chinese plays an increasingly imprtant rle in 63 (imprve) cmmunicatin and
1.（2026·广西高三上学期开学）The recgnitin f Chinese Language Day by the United Natins (UN) in 2010 is part f 41 rganizatin’s brader initiative t prmte cultural diversity.
2.（2026·安徽省华师联盟高三上学期9月开学联考）With a length f nearly 60 metres and a height f 10 metres, the library is cnsidered ne f 61 largest treasure huses f Tibetan and Sanskrit manuscripts in the wrld, revealing thusands f years f human histry.
考点三 考查短语中的冠词
1．高频短语中的不定冠词
【高频再现】
不定冠词用在固定搭配中，如catch a cld、have a fever、all f a sudden、as a matter f fact、as a result、have a gift fr、make a living、have/take a rest、give sb a lift、have a gd knwledge f、a handful f 等。
2．高频短语中的定冠词
【高频再现】
①定冠词用在固定搭配中，如at the same time、n the cntrary、t tell the truth、in the distance、make the mst/best f、in the middle f、n the spt等。
②动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位。
1．Hit by lack f fresh air, my head ached.
2．On whle, the wrkplace perates mre smthly when emplyees are punctual.
3． majrity f residents in Chinatwn are still ethnic Chinese and they d nt speak English fluently.
1．Liu is lking frward t sharing his knwledge and skills with needy cmmunities. He hpes it can make difference in distant Africa.
2．Generalists, n the ther hand, knw a lt abut wide range f subjects and view the whle with all its cnnectins.
3．With the little by leading way, we had n difficulty finding his huse.
4．I gt int panic as I pressed firmly against the table and mved my head arund trying t find the right angle, but it was n use.
5．Rather than setting plans in stne, I’ve learned that smetimes I need t take the pprtunities that are ffered, even if they dn’t sund perfect at time, and make the mst f them.
考点四 考查句型中的冠词
常考的固定句型中的冠词
①主语+be+the size/length/width/height+f+被比较的对象
Our building is twice the height f yurs. 我们的大楼是你们的大楼的两倍高。
②主语+be+the+形容词比较级+f/between...
He is the taller f the tw. 他是两人之中较高的那个。
③ 主语+be+the+形容词或副词最高级
Spring is the best seasn f the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。
④ ne f+the+形容词或副词最高级
The Yellw River is ne f the lngest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河之一。
⑤ne... the ther ...一个，另一个
1．He made fr the dr instant he heard the knck.
2．I fell in lve with the little twn first time I came here.
1．As far as I am cncerned, mre yu take part in after-class activities, the mre cnfident yu are.
2．It’s knwn t us that the earth is 49 times size f the mn.
考点五 考查抽象名词具体化中的冠词
抽象名词具体化用法中的冠词
①抽象名词具体化，使之具有了“一”的概念。
The huse is full f jy.
The little girl is a jy t her parents. (令人高兴的人或物)
Failure is the mther f success.
He is a success. （一个成功的人或物）
He gave me a lt f pleasure.
It is a pleasure t wrk with yu. （一件令人愉快的事情）
She lked up in surprise.
What a great surprise yu gave me. （一件令人惊讶的事情）
Knwledge is pwer.
He has a wide knwledge f animals. （一门…的知识）
He received little educatin/ a gd educatin. （一种…的教育）
②某些物质名词也可以和不定冠词连用，而变成具体化的名词。例如
I like cffee.
Wuld yu like a cffee? (一杯咖啡)
I has just had lunch.
I has just had a big lunch. (一顿丰盛的午餐)
1.（2025·广东省清远市高三一模）Additinally, perfrmers frm the Gansu Perfrming Arts Grup charmed (吸引) the audience with traditinal Dunhuang music and dance, ffering unfrgettable audi-visual experience.
①experience作经验解时，是不可数名词，不能和冠词连用。
②此处experience意为：经历，是可数名词，其前可以不定冠词，表示：一次经历。
2.（2025·山东省部分学校高三月考）Hwever, the railway quickly prved t be great success and within six mnths, mre than 25,000 peple were using it every day.
①success作成功解时，是不可数名词，不能和冠词连用。
②此处success具体化，意为：一个成功的人或事，是可数名词，其前可以不定冠词，表示：一个成功的人或一件成功的事。
1.Linda may be able t persuade Sina int cmbinatin in future talks with its bard.
2.That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it’s shame I dn’t have much use fr it.
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2026·安徽省高三上学期8月摸底大联考）Fly t the Mn rewrites 39 legend f Chang’e, an ancient Chinese mn gddess.
2.（2025·湖南省怀化市高三上学期开学）Liu Ya is the daughter f Liu Jianxin, 58 natinal inheritr f Xiang embridery and master f Chinese arts and crafts.
3.（2026·江苏省如皋中学高三上学期综合练习二）High-speed trains have shrtened 59 jurney frm Beijing t the castal city Tianjin t half an hur. As fr the bikes, they themselves are nt new.
4.（2026·安徽省蚌埠市高三上学期开学考试）One day, he visited the Imperial Ancestral Temple (太庙) f Lu State, 38 unique site where rituals (典礼) fr late kings were held.
5.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三上学期8月第一次联考）The Dunhuang Mga Grttes, 36 UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site have fascinated visitrs fr centuries with their stunning Buddhist art and rich cultural histry.
6.（2026·福建省高三上学期开学摸底联考）As stries like Yelena’s spread, Traditinal Chinese Medicine, ne f 38 earliest hlistic (整体的) medical systems in the wrld, is entering a new era.
7.（2026·重庆市沙坪坝区重庆市第八中学校高三上学期开学）During the Ming Dynasty, shadw plays became 38 ppular frm f entertainment, especially in cities like Beijing.
8.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校高三上学期开学综合能力测试）The rarest tulips became s expensive that, in 1637, ne famus bulb (球茎) was ffered fr 42 same price as a large huse in Amsterdam Peple sn realized hw crazy this was and started t lse interest. The prices quickly drpped.
9.（2026·重庆市巴蜀中学校高三开学考）The EU is in the prcess f banning PFAS in cnsumer prducts thrugh 44 law due t cme int effect in 2026, meaning all clthing brands will have t test and publicly state that they are PFAS-free.
10.（2026·重庆市第一中学校高三上学期开学）This exchange led t the funding f the Xixia regime n the Yinchuan Plain, where diverse traditins met, mingled, and slwly merged int 39 unique civilizatin.
11.（2026·广东省部分学校高上学期8月摸底检测）Fr example, Singapre, 42 reginal innvatin center, has a high demand fr technlgy bks, while Vietnam, riding n a demgraphic bm, has seen a strng demand fr children’s literature.
12.（2026·广东省普宁市第一中学高三上学期第一次月考）In 38 beginning f the pem, the pet lks at his zither and recalls the death f his belved wife.
13.（2026·广东省上进联考新高三秋季入学摸底）This wrk nt nly enriches the research cntent f Chinese character studies but als prvides 41 new perspective fr studying the culture and histry f the late Tang Dynasty.
14.（2026·广东省湛江市湛江市八校联考高三上学期8月月考）On Saturday, Beijing hsted 36 unique half marathn where 21 humanid (像人的) rbts cmpeted alngside 12,000 human runners.
15. （2026·云南三校高三备考实用性8月联考卷（二））In April last year, apples frm Zhatng were part f the fresh fd supply fr astrnauts abard 42 Shenzhu-18 spacecraft, becming a pwerful engine f ecnmic grwth and rural vitalizatin, accrding t the lcal agriculture and rural affairs department.
16.（2026·湖北省孝感高级中学高三上学期8月测试）Stretching 400 kilmeters, with 43 average width f 5 km, the prject, nce cmpleted, will help restre vegetatin (植被) n abut 200,000 hectares f the desert and generate 180 billin kWh f electricity annually, serving as bth a “blue energy wall” and a green eclgical barrier.
17.（2026·湖南省长沙市麓山国际实验学校高三上学期入学考试）Gallery 213 — ne f the exhibitin’s special halls — shws the histry f blue-and-white prcelain (瓷器), which is 40 symbl f the lng cultural exchange between the East and the West.
18.（2026·湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学高三月考）Sme film critics highly praise the film fr it adpts the unusual perspective f a pht studi, ffering 42 tuching narrative angle thrugh rdinary lives. Directr Shen A described the film as part f an “invisible battle” t bring greater internatinal recgnitin t the cuntry’s suffering in Wrld War Ⅱ.
19.（2026·江苏省南京市六校联合体高三学情调研）Naadam celebratins in Inner Mnglia autnmus regin are 56 vivid expressin f Mnglian culture.
20.（2026·江西省赣州市章贡区赣州中学高三上学期开学）Pretending t be Mnk Tang Sanzang and his disciples frm Jurney t the West, they break ut f Langlang Muntain fr 38 funny “pilgrimage” (朝拜)leading t self-grwth.
21.（2026·宁夏银川一中高三上学期第一次月考）The tiles are made by 3D printing with terra ctta clay, 42 ancient frm f prus (多孔的) fired-clay pttery, and then firing them at extremely high temperatures.
22.（2026·山西忻州部分学校高三上学期8月阶段性测试）Sme scientists believe that 40 better ptin wuld be t capture carbn frm seawater rather than air, because the cean is the planet’s largest carbn sink, absrbing 25% f all carbn dixide emissins.
语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·湖北省联合起点考试高三上学期开学）
When I set ff in 2008 frm Nashville in the U.S. fr Shenyang, China, my wallet was filled with cash and credit cards. Seventeen years later, my wallet 1 (gather) dust. My smartphne handles everything abut payment.
In my early days in Shenyang, cash ruled. Tday, even an elderly 2 (sell) at the lcal market greets custmers with a payment QR cde (二维码). China's mbile payment develpment, 3 (push) by many advanced mbile sftware platfrms, has been a way f life. These apps prcess sme 500 trillin yuan 4 (annual), cnnecting peple t services ranging frm public transit t healthcare.
The next hit came in late 2019 with 5 launch f the pilt prgrams f digital yuan, a state-backed currency designed 6 (functin) bth nline and ffline, which safeguards privacy and reduces transactin (交易) fees. 7 the ppularity f American mbile payment service Venm, digital yuan is 8 (efficient) than physical cash and heightens my perceptin f safety. By the end f June 2024, China's e-CNY transactins increased t 7 trillin yuan.
China's innvatins are drawing glbal attentin, 9 (create) prjects like mBridge, a crss-brder payment prject invlving the Chinese mainland, Hng Kng Special Administrative regin, Thailand and the United Arab Emirates, are testing the e-CNY fr internatinal trade, 10 aim is t simplify transactins and lessen reliance n systems like SWIFT, the U.S-dminated glbal banking netwrk.
单句语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2023新课标I卷）The meat shuld be fresh with ____________ tuch f sweetness and the sup ht, clear and delicius.
2.（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
3.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse walks visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr 61 first time.
4.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets have started selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份). Then, when yu use ne sectin, ____________ ther stays fresh.
5.（2023新课标II卷）Nt the pandas, even thugh____________ language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.
6.（2023浙江1月卷）In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect culture f grassrts Beijingers.
6.（2022新课标I卷）Cvering an area abut three times __________ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
7.（2022新课标II卷）___________ Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt.
8.（2022全国乙卷）T celebrate ___________ festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
9.（2022年浙江 1月题）Cbb, fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak if she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f ___________ time, they agreed.
10.（2021全国甲卷）It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all ___________ way arund the Xi'an City Wall.
11.（2021全国乙卷）Due t ___________ grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
12.（2021浙江卷）____________ Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family.
考点
题型
冠词
语法填空
年份
试卷类型
考点
考向
2025
2025全国一卷
the
定冠词
2025年浙江 1月卷
a
不定冠词
2024
2024·新课标I卷
____61the____ first time.
定冠词
2024·新课标II卷
/
2024·全国乙卷
2024·全国甲卷
/
2024·年浙江1月
___44the____ ther stays fresh
定冠词
2023
2023·新课标I卷
__63_a___ tuch f sweetness
不定冠词
2023·新课标II卷
语法填空___69 the___ language
定冠词
2023·全国乙卷
/
2023·全国甲卷
/
2023·年浙江1月
65 the culture f grassrts Beijingers
定冠词