中考英语三轮冲刺练习+答案 微专题26易错点 动词短语辨析 三步辨析法

这是一份中考英语三轮冲刺练习+答案 微专题26易错点 动词短语辨析 三步辨析法，共2页。

动词短语是中考英语的“隐形拉分王”，每年在单选、完形和短文改错中必考，分值占语法题的20%以上。近三年真题显示，最易混淆的动词短语集中在：① 同一动词+不同介词/副词（如put n/ff/away/up）；② 不同动词+同一介词/副词（如lk fr / search fr / ask fr）；③ 易混短语辨析（如lk up / lk fr / lk after / lk at）。2026年预计会加大语境化和同义转述的考查，单纯靠记忆将难以满分。本专题通过60道精选题目，系统训练三类易混动词短语，帮助考生掌握“三步辨析法”。
一线教师观察·来自课堂的真实困惑
我教了十几年毕业班，发现学生在动词短语上的困惑集中在：
• put n / put ff / put away / put up 到底哪个是“穿上”，哪个是“推迟”？
• lk up / lk fr / lk after / lk at 总是搞混。
• turn n / turn ff / turn up / turn dwn 听力里一出现就蒙。
• give up / give in / give ut / give away 分不清。
其实，动词短语有“三步辨析法”：看动词→看副词/介词→结合语境。下面的分类口诀是我从无数错题中总结出来的，学生用了都说“原来动词短语有规律”。
核心策略·三步辨析法
第一步：看动词——确定动作核心
• 动词决定动作的基本意义（lk, put, turn, give）。
• 常见动词：put, turn, lk, give, get, take, cme, g, make, break。
我的口诀：“动词先看核心义，动作方向心里记。”
第二步：看介词/副词——确定动作方向或结果
• up：向上、增加、完成（put up, turn up, give up）
• dwn：向下、减少、写下（turn dwn, put dwn, write dwn）
• ff：离开、关闭、推迟（put ff, turn ff, take ff）
• n：穿上、继续、打开（put n, turn n, keep n）
• away：离开、收好（put away, give away, take away）
• ut：出去、分发、熄灭（give ut, put ut, g ut）
我的口诀：“up增加dwn减少，ff离开n继续；away收好ut出去，介词方向要牢记。”
第三步：结合语境——确定最终含义
• 把动词和介词/副词的意思组合，代入句子看是否通顺。
• 注意多义短语的特殊用法（如put up有“搭建、张贴”等多种意思）。
我的口诀：“组合代入看语境，多义短语单独记。”
专项训练
A. 同一动词+不同介词/副词（put, turn, lk, give, take）（20题）
1. Please ______ the lights when yu leave the rm.
A. turn n
B. turn ff
C. turn up
D. turn dwn
2. Can yu ______ this wrd in the dictinary?
A. lk at
B. lk fr
C. lk up
D. lk after
3. Dn't ______ yur cat. It's cld utside.
A. put n
B. put ff
C. put away
D. put up
4. The meeting has been ______ until next Mnday.
A. put n
B. put ff
C. put away
D. put up
5. Can yu ______ the radi a little? I can't hear it.
A. turn n
B. turn ff
C. turn up
D. turn dwn
6. My mther ften ______ my yunger sister when I'm at schl.
A. lks at
B. lks fr
C. lks up
D. lks after
7. The ld man ______ his hat and went ut.
A. put n
B. put ff
C. put away
D. put up
8. Please ______ yur tys. It's time fr bed.
A. put n
B. put ff
C. put away
D. put up
9. He ______ his phne number in the ntebk.
A. turned dwn
B. turned up
C. wrte dwn
D. put dwn
10. I'm ______ my keys. Have yu seen them?
A. lking at
B. lking fr
C. lking up
D. lking after
11. The plane will ______ in ten minutes.
A. take ff
B. take away
C. take care
D. take place
12. She ______ smking last year and is much healthier nw.
A. gave in
B. gave ut
C. gave up
D. gave away
13. The sund f the music was t lud. I asked him t ______ it ______.
A. turn; dwn
B. turn; up
C. turn; n
D. turn; ff
14. We need t ______ a pster n the wall fr the schl festival.
A. put n
B. put ff
C. put away
D. put up
15. The teacher asked us t ______ the new wrds in ur ntebks.
A. take ff
B. take ut
C. write dwn
D. lk up
16. Dn't ______ yur hpes. Keep trying.
A. give up
B. give in
C. give ut
D. give away
17. The charity will ______ ld clthes t the pr.
A. give up
B. give in
C. give ut
D. give away
18. He ______ his hand t answer the questin.
A. put up
B. put n
C. put ff
D. put away
19. I can't ______ his name. I've frgtten it.
A. lk up
B. think f
C. find ut
D. give up
20. The firemen wrked hard t ______ the fire.
A. put n
B. put ff
C. put ut
D. put up
B. 不同动词+同一介词/副词（20题）
21. I'm lking frward t ______ frm yu sn.
A. hear
B. hearing
C. heard
D. hears
22. We shuld ______ the imprtance f prtecting the envirnment.
A. pay attentin t
B. lk frward t
C. cme up with
D. get alng with
23. He ______ a gd idea t slve the prblem.
A. came up with
B. caught up with
C. put up with
D. ended up with
24. Hw d yu ______ yur new classmates?
A. cme up with
B. get alng with
C. put up with
D. catch up with
25. The man ______ the bus at the next stp.
A. gt n
B. gt ff
C. gt up
D. gt int
26. I can't ______ the nise. It's t lud.
A. cme up with
B. put up with
C. catch up with
D. get alng with
27. He ______ his ld clthes t the charity.
A. gave away
B. gave up
C. gave in
D. gave ut
28. The teacher ______ the papers t the students.
A. gave away
B. gave ut
C. gave up
D. gave in
29. She ______ her mther. They bth have big eyes.
A. takes after
B. lks after
C. runs after
D. ges after
30. I need t ______ the time f the train.
A. find ut
B. lk ut
C. wrk ut
D. cme ut
31. The math prblem is difficult. I can't ______ it.
A. wrk ut
B. find ut
C. lk ut
D. give ut
32. The bk ______ last mnth and sld well.
A. came ut
B. went ut
C. gt ut
D. put ut
33. Let's ______ the train schedule nline.
A. lk fr
B. lk at
C. lk up
D. lk after
34. The ld man ______ his wallet in the taxi.
A. frgt
B. left
C. lst
D. missed
35. Please ______ the milk in the fridge. It's getting warm.
A. put ff
B. put away
C. put n
D. put up
36. The children ______ the bus and went int the museum.
A. gt ff
B. gt n
C. gt up
D. gt t
37. She ______ English very well.
A. says
B. tells
C. speaks
D. talks
38. Can yu ______ the difference between these tw wrds?
A. say
B. tell
C. speak
D. talk
39. He ______ me a jke yesterday.
A. said
B. tld
C. spke
D. talked
40. She ______ t her mther n the phne every night.
A. says
B. tells
C. speaks
D. talks
C. 易混短语辨析（10题）
41. He is very tired because he ______ late last night.
A. stayed up
B. gt up
C. std up
D. wke up
42. The fire ______ because f a shrt circuit.
A. brke ut
B. brke dwn
C. brke int
D. brke up
43. My car ______ n the way t wrk. I had t call fr help.
A. brke ut
B. brke dwn
C. brke int
D. brke up
44. The thief ______ the huse and stle a cmputer.
A. brke ut
B. brke dwn
C. brke int
D. brke up
45. The schl year will ______ in June.
A. end up
B. cme up
C. g ut
D. be ver
46. She ______ her father. They bth have a sense f humr.
A. takes after
B. lks after
C. runs after
D. ges after
47. The stry was s funny that I culdn't ______ laughing.
A. help
B. stp
C. keep
D. finish
48. We need t ______ a new plan fr the prject.
A. cme up with
B. catch up with
C. put up with
D. keep up with
49. He ______ a lt f mney buying bks.
A. cst
B. spent
C. paid
D. tk
50. The bk ______ me 50 yuan.
A. cst
B. spent
C. paid
D. tk
D. 语篇填空（动词短语综合·10题）
阅读下面短文，用方框中所给动词短语的适当形式填空。
put ff, lk after, give up, cme up with, get alng with, lk frward t, turn ff, take ff, break dwn, find ut
Dear Tm,
I'm writing t tell yu abut my schl life. I (51) ______ a new idea fr ur schl prject last week. My classmates all liked it. We decided nt t (52) ______ the prject. Instead, we wrked hard and finished it n time. I'm (53) ______ hearing yur news. By the way, my cmputer (54) ______ yesterday. I had t (55) ______ what was wrng with it. I hpe t (56) ______ the prblem sn. Als, I need t (57) ______ my yunger brther this weekend. My parents are away. I'll (58) ______ the lights when I leave the rm t save energy. I will (59) ______ my dream because I knw it's imprtant. I hpe we can (60) ______ each ther well.
Yurs,
Li Hua
51. _____________ 52. _____________ 53. _____________ 54. _____________ 55. _____________
56. _____________ 57. _____________ 58. _____________ 59. _____________ 60. _____________
三轮冲刺·教师备考锦囊
1. “三步辨析法”实战演练：每次做动词短语题，都让学生按“看动词→看副词/介词→结合语境”三步走，不跳步。
2. “同一动词”系列对比表：将put、turn、lk、give、take等常见动词的短语做成表格，让学生对比记忆。
3. “不同动词同一介词”专项训练：将up、dwn、ff、n、away等介词短语分类训练，如“up系列”短语的辨析。
4. “易混短语”顺口溜：编口诀帮助记忆，如“lk up查字典，lk fr找不见，lk after照顾，lk at看仔细”。
5. “语境应用”情景表演：让学生用动词短语编对话表演，加深理解和记忆。
6. 错题归因卡片：让学生把错题按类型（同动不同介、同介不同动、易混短语）分类，考前反复看。
7. 最后叮嘱：考前两周，每天背诵20个高频动词短语，并做10道相关练习题，保持手感。
✨ 冲刺寄语：动词短语是英语的灵魂。掌握它们，你的表达会更地道、更丰富！愿你和你的学生都能在最后关头，把这部分变成最亮眼的得分区！
参考答案与三步辨析法点睛
A篇（1-20）：1-5 B C A B C 6-10 D A C D B 11-15 A C A D C 16-20 A D A B C
B篇（21-40）：21-25 B A A B B 26-30 B A B A A 31-35 A A C B B 36-40 A C B B D
C篇（41-50）：41-45 A A B C D 46-50 A A A B A
D篇（51-60）：51. came up with 52. put ff 53. lking frward t 54. brke dwn 55. find ut 56. wrk ut / slve 57. lk after 58. turn ff 59. give up 60. get alng with