2026年中考英语二轮专题复习·讲练测-动词与动词短语

这是一份2026年中考英语二轮专题复习·讲练测-动词与动词短语，共8页。
【考情微观·近三年命题特点】
动词及动词短语是中考语法填空、完形及单选的重中之重。2023—2025年真题趋向在真实语境中考查动词辨析、短语搭配及情态动词表推测。特别关注“一词多义”和“介词+动词”构成的短语在语篇中的理解。本专题系统梳理所有核心考点并配以多样化练习。
【核心知识·动词全攻略】
一、动词的基本分类
1. 实义动词 (Ntinal Verb)：及物(vt.) 必须接宾语，如 lve, eat, buy；不及物(vi.) 不可直接接宾语，需加介词，如 lk, arrive, listen。及物性与不及物性是语法填空的常考点。
2. 连系动词 (Linking Verb)：用来连接主语和表语，常见有 be, becme, get, turn, grw, keep, seem, appear, feel, lk, smell, taste, sund。连系动词后常接形容词作表语，且无被动语态。如：The sup tastes delicius. (不能写成 is tasted)
3. 助动词 (Auxiliary Verb)：be, d, have, will, shall, wuld 等，帮助构成时态、语态、否定、疑问。
4. 情态动词 (Mdal Verb)：can/culd, may/might, must, need, shuld, had better, wuld, shall 等。注意：must 表示“必须”或“肯定推测”；can’t 表示“不可能”；may/might 表示“可能”；need 既可作情态动词也可作实义动词。
二、动词短语六大高频结构
• 动词+介词 (lk after, belng t, hear frm) —— 宾语置于介词后。
• 动词+副词 (turn ff, give up, put away) —— 名词宾语可放副词前后，代词必须放中间。
• 动词+副词+介词 (cme up with, lk frward t, run ut f) —— 整体相当于及物动词。
• 动词+名词+介词 (take care f, pay attentin t, make fun f) —— 常为固定短语。
• be+形容词+介词 (be interested in, be prud f, be gd at) —— 系表结构后接宾语。
• 固定搭配：used t d (过去常常), be used t ding (习惯于), make sb. d, help sb. (t) d 等。
三、极易混淆的动词辨析
▲ spend/cst/take/pay：人+spend+时间/钱+n sth./(in) ding；物+cst+人+钱；It takes+人+时间+t d；人+pay+钱+fr sth.
▲ wear/put n/dress/in：wear 表状态；put n 表动作；dress + 人 (给…穿衣)；be in + 颜色/衣服。
▲ speak/say/tell/talk：speak 说语言/发言；say 说内容；tell 告诉/讲述；talk 交谈/谈论。
▲ arrive/reach/get t：arrive at/in 地点；reach 直接+地点；get t+地点。
▲ brrw/lend/keep：brrw frm 借入；lend t 借出；keep 借(延续性)。
▲ win/beat：win+奖品/比赛；beat+对手/队伍。
四、动词的语境化用法
近年中考常将动词放在传统文化、劳动教育、校园生活等情境中。务必注意主语与动词的“人称数”一致、时态呼应以及主动表被动现象（如 sell well, write smthly）。情态动词+have dne 表推测也是高频难点。
【技法点拨·三步破题】
① 找标志词（时态状语、固定句式）；② 判定及物性与语态；③ 代入语义排除干扰。尤其对于短语动词，要结合上下文推断含义。
【综合演练 分层突破】
第一部分 单项选择（共10小题，每题1分）
1. — Wh is singing in the next rm? It _______ s beautiful.
— It must be Lucy, ur new neighbr.
A. listens B. hears C. sunds D. strikes
2. The ld man _______ the bus, but unluckily it had just left.
A. hped t catch B. hped catching C. hpes catch D. hpes catching
3. — Must we finish the prject befre Friday?
— N, yu _______. Yu can hand it in next Mnday.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shuldn’t
4. My mther _______ sme stry bks fr me yesterday.
A. buy B. bught C. has bught D. will buy
5. Lk! The bys _______ basketball n the playgrund.
A. play B. played C. are playing D. were playing
6. The little girl _______ her mther and asked fr a dll.
A. lked like B. lked after C. lked at D. lked up
7. This kind f clth _______ very sft and smth.
A. feels B. is felt C. is feeling D. feel
8. We shuld try ur best t _______ the peple in need.
A. help B. t help C. helping D. helped
9. The meeting _______ because f the heavy rain yesterday.
A. put ff B. was put ff C. has put ff D. was putting ff
10. He _______ up at 6 ‘clck every mrning, but he stayed in bed this mrning.
A. used t get B. is used t get C. used t getting D. was used t get
第二部分 语法填空（共12小题，每题1分）
11. I ______ (have) a great time at the party last night.
12. They ______ (build) a new schl in my hmetwn every year.
13. Lk! The cat ______ (climb) the tree.
14. If it ______ (rain) tmrrw, we will stay at hme.
15. The film ______ (be) n fr ten minutes when I arrived.
16. My brther ______ (wash) his car at 3 pm yesterday.
17. Mre trees ______ (plant) next spring.
18. He always ______ (g) t the library n weekends.
19. By the end f last term, we ______ (learn) ver 2000 wrds.
20. The ld man needs ______ (take) gd care f.
21. She culdn’t help ______ (cry) when she heard the bad news.
22. I prefer ______ (read) bks t ______ (watch) TV.
第三部分 完成句子（每空一词，共8小题，每题1.5分）
23. 请把这些书拿走。
Please _______ _______ these bks.
24. 她每天花一个小时读英语。
She _______ an hur _______ English every day.
25. 我们应当好好利用时间。
We shuld _______ gd _______ f time.
26. 昨天直到雨停他才离开。
He _______ leave _______ the rain stpped yesterday.
27. 这位科学家因他的发明而闻名。
The scientist is _______ _______ his inventins.
28. 别担心，我会照顾你的宠物。
Dn’t wrry. I will _______ _______ yur pet.
29. 去年这本小说被翻译成了20种语言。
This nvel _______ _______ int 20 languages last year.
30. 你介意我把门打开吗？
Wuld yu _______ my _______ the dr?
第四部分 选词填空（用方框内短语的正确形式填空，共5小题，每题2分）
take part in, lk frward t, get alng with, pay attentin t, cme up with
31. Everyne shuld _______ the traffic rules when crssing the rad.
32. We _______ hearing frm yu sn.
33. He _______ a gd idea t slve the prblem yesterday.
34. Hw d yu _______ yur new classmates?
35. Mre than 100 students _______ the sprts meeting last mnth.
第五部分 单句改错（每题只有一处错误，共5小题，每题2分）
36. I lk frward t hear frm yu sn.
改正：________________________
37. She spent tw hurs t finish the hmewrk.
改正：________________________
38. The bk is wrth being read.
改正：________________________
39. He asked me dn’t be late again.
改正：________________________
40. Nt nly he but als I are ging t the park.
改正：________________________
【参考答案】
单选：1—5 CACBC 6—10 CAABA
语法填空：11. had 12. build 13. is climbing 14. rains 15. had been 16. was washing 17. will be planted 18. ges 19. had learned 20. t be taken 21. crying 22. reading; watching
完成句子：23. take away 24. spends; reading 25. make; use 26. didn't; until 27. famus/knwn fr 28. take care f / lk after 29. was translated 30. mind; pening
选词填空：31. pay attentin t 32. are lking frward t 33. came up with 34. get alng with 35. tk part in
单句改错：36. hear→hearing 37. t finish→finishing 38. being read→reading 39. dn't→nt t 40. are→is