2026外研新版八年下册英语 Unit 6 Living with nature 讲义

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Unit 6 Living with nature单词解析Sweetly (副词) 悦耳动听地、好听地【用法讲解】 sweetly在句中常用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。 Eg: She smiled sweetly at the baby. 她对着婴儿温柔地微笑。The air smelled sweetly floral. 空气中弥漫着甜美的花香。【派生词】 sweet为形容词，译为“甜美的”； sweetness为名词，译为“甜美”。 Eg: She gave me a sweet smile when I entered the room. 当我走进房间时，她给了我一个甜美的微笑。The sweetness of her voice made everyone feel relaxed. 她声音的甜美让每个人都感到放松。【即学即用】The birds sang _________ (sweet) in the morning.Villager (名词) 村民【用法讲解】 villager为可数名词，起复数形式为villagers。 Eg: The kind villager offered us shelter from the storm. 好心的村民为我们提供了躲避暴风雨的住处。【派生词】 village为名词，译为“村庄”。 Eg: The small village was surrounded by mountains. 这个小村庄被群山环绕。【即学即用】The __________ (village) gathered to discuss the harvest festival.Wheat (名词) 小麦【用法讲解】 wheat为不可数名词，还可译为“小麦色”。 Eg: The fields were golden with ripe wheat. 田野里成熟的小麦一片金黄。 She wore a dress in a warm wheat color. 她穿了一条温暖的小麦色连衣裙。【即学即用】Farmers grow _________ (小麦) in this region.Childhood (名词) 孩童、儿童时代【用法讲解】 childhood为不可数名词。 Eg: She had a happy childhood in the countryside. 她在乡下度过了快乐的童年。【即学即用】_________ (童年) memories often shape who we become.Countryside (名词) 乡下、农村【用法讲解】 countryside为不可数名词。 Eg: We spent in the weekend walking in the beautiful countryside. 我们在美丽的乡村徒步度过了周末。【常见搭配】 in the countryside 在乡村 To the countryside 去乡村 Eg: We spent our holiday in the countryside.我们在乡村度假。Many people escape to the countryside on weekends. 许多人周末去乡村逃离喧嚣。【即学即用】They moved to the c__________ for a quieter life.Province (名词) 省【用法讲解】 province为可数名词，起复数形式为provinces，还可译为“范围、领域”等。 Eg: Guangdong Province is one of the most populous regions in China. 广东省是中国人口最多的地区之一。This topic falls within the province of psychology. 这个主题属于心理学范畴。【常见搭配】 in a province 在省内 Across provinces 跨省 Beyond/outside one’s province 超出某人的专业范围 Within the province of ... 属于...的范畴 Eg: The event took place in Hunan Province. 该事件发生在湖南省。The policy applies across all provinces. 该政策适用于所有省份。Art criticism is outside my province.艺术批评非我所长。Ethics is within the province of philosophy. 伦理学属于哲学范畴。【派生词】 provincial为形容词，译为“省的、地方性的”。 Eg: The provincial government announced new policies for rural development. 省政府宣布了农村发展的新政策。【即学即用】Canada has ten ___________ (省份) and three territories.Especially (副词) 尤其【用法讲解】 especially在句中位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句尾。 Eg: Especially in winter, I love hot chocolate.尤其在冬天，我爱喝热巧克力。I love fruits, especially mangoes. 我喜欢水果，尤其是芒果。【派生词】 especial为形容词，译为“特别的”。 Eg: This is a matter of especial importance to our team.这对我们团队来说是特别重要的事情。【即学即用】This tool was designed __________ (especial) for left - handed people.Wisdom (名词) 智慧、知识、学问【用法讲解】 wisdom为不可数名词。 Eg: Ancient Greek philosophy contains timeless wisdom.古希腊哲学蕴含永恒的智慧。【常见搭配】 folk wisdom 民间智慧 With wisdom 明智地 Eg: This remedy comes from folk wisdom.这种疗法源自民间智慧。She handled the crisis with wisdom.她明智地处理了危机。【派生词】 wise为形容词，译为“明智的”； wisely为副词，译为“明智地”.Eg: It would be wise to save money for emergencies.为紧急情况存钱是明智之举。She wisely chose to invest in education rather than luxury. 她明智地选择投资教育而非奢侈品。【即学即用】The old man shared his _________ (智慧) with the young generation.Below (介词) 在... ...的下面【用法讲解】 below还可为副词，译为“在下面”；below还可为形容词，译为“下面的”。 Eg: The book is placed below the desk. 书放在桌子下面。The village lies below the mountain. 村庄位于山下。The below information is very important. 以下信息非常重要。【常见搭配】 below zero 零度以下 Below average 低于平均水平 Below the surface 在表面之下、表面下的 Eg: The temperature is below zero today. 今天温度在零度以下。His performance this time is below average. 他这次的表现低于平均水平。There are many mysteries below the surface of the ocean. 海洋表面之下有许多奥秘。【易混辨析】 below与under区别： below侧重于表示位置在垂直方向的下方，不一定有直接接触； under更强调在某物的正下方，通常有直接接触或覆盖的关系。 Eg: The plane is flying below the clouds. 飞机在云层下方飞行。The cat is under the table. 猫在桌子下面。【即学即用】The temperature is two degrees b__________ zero.Arrival (名词) 到来【用法讲解】 arrival表示“到达”时为不可数名词，表示“到达者/到达事件”时为可数名词。 Eg: I’m waiting for the arrival of the news. 我在等待消息的到达。 There are several arrivals at the hotel. 旅馆里到了几个新客人。【常见搭配】 on arrival 抵达时 Arrival time 到达时间 Upon arrival 一到 New arrival 新生事物/新品上市 Eg: On arrival, the passengers were greeted by customs official. 到达时，乘客被海关官员问候。 The time of arrival is scheduled for 8 pm. 到达事件被安排在下午8点。 Upon arrival, he was greeted by his friends. 一到达，他被朋友问候。 The store has received a new arrival of designer clothing. 这个商店收到了设计师新款服饰。【派生词】 arrive为动词，译为“到达”。 Eg: The train arrived at the station at 6 pm. 火车在下午6点到达车站。【即学即用】Their early _________ (arrive) was just an accident.Calendar (名词) 历法【用法讲解】 calendar为可数名词，其复数形式为calendars，还可译为“日程表”；calendar为动词，译为“把...列入日程、安排（时间）”。 Eg: Mark the deadline on your calendar. 在日历上标出截至日期。The conference is calendared for May 15th. 会议定在5月15日。【常见搭配】 lunar calendar 农历 Solar calendar 阳历 Clear one’s calendar 腾出时间 Eg: The Spring Festival is based on the lunar calendar. 春节是基于农历的。 Most countries use the solar calendar for official purposes. 大多数国家在正式场合使用阳历。 He cleared his calendar for the weekend trip. 他为周末旅行腾出了时间。【即学即用】I marked the meeting date on my _________ (日历).Webpage (名词) 网页【用法讲解】 webpage为可数名词，其复数形式为webpages。 Eg: This webpage takes too long to load. 这个网页加载太慢。【即学即用】I visited the company’s __________ (网页) to check the latest news.Energetic (形容词) 精力充沛的、充满活力的【用法讲解】 energetic在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: My grandfather is still energetic at 80. 我祖父80岁了依然精力充沛。Aerobics is an energetic exercise. 有氧运动是一项高强度的运动。【常见搭配】 energetic exercise 高强度的锻炼 Energetic music 动感音乐 Eg: He prefers energetic exercise like running or boxing. 他更喜欢像跑步和拳击类的高强度锻炼。The party played energetic music to keep everyone dancing. 这个派对播放动感音乐来让每个人舞动起来。【派生词】 energy为名词，译为“能量、活力”； Energize为动词，译为“使充满活力”。 Eg: Solar energy is a clean and renewable resource. 太阳能是一种清洁的可再生资源。A cup of coffee in the morning always energizes me. 早晨的一杯咖啡总能让我充满活力。【即学即用】The __________ (energy) child can around the playground for hours.Safely (副词) 安全地、无危害地【用法讲解】 safely在句中常用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。 Eg: The plane landed safely despite the storm.尽管有暴风雨，飞机仍安全降落。【常见搭配】 arrive safely 安全到达 Escape safely 安全逃脱 Eg: Text when you arrive safely at home.当你安全到家时请给我发信息。All passengers escaped safely from the burning building. 所有乘客从燃烧的大楼里安全逃脱。【派生词】 safe为形容词，译为“安全的”； safety为名词，译为“安全性”。 Eg: Make sure the ladder is stable before climbing to keep yourself safe. 爬梯子前确保它稳固以保证安全。Wearing a helmet is an important safety rule when riding a bike. 骑自行车时戴头盔是重要的安全规则。【即学即用】Chemicals should be stored _________ (safe) away from children.Bee - keeping (名词) 养蜂【用法讲解】 bee - keeping为不可数名词。 Eg: He took up bee - keeping as a retirement hobby. 他把养蜂作为退休爱好。【即学即用】Modern ___________ (养蜂) uses specialized equipment to harvest honey efficiently.Accord (动词) 与某事物相符（一致）【用法讲解】 accord还可作名词，译为“协议、条约、一致、和谐、和弦”。 Eg: His actions don’t accord with his words.他言行不一。The two countries signed a peace accord.两国签署了和平协议。【常见搭配】 Accord with ... 与...相符 Reach an accord 达成协议 Of one’s own accord 自愿地 With one accord 一致地 Eg: His statement doesn’t accord with the facts. 他的评论与事实不符。After long negotiations, they finally reached an accord. 在长时间的谈论之后，他们最后达成协议。She left the job of her own accord. 她自愿辞职。The committee agreed with one accord. 委员会一致同意。【派生词】 accordance为名词，译为“一致、符合”； accordant为形容词，译为“一致的”。 Eg: The project was completed in accordance with the client’s requirements. 该项目是按照客户要求完成的。His actions were accordant with his principles. 他的行为与他的原则一致。【即学即用】装饰与建筑风格完全协调。The decor is in perfect _______ _______ the building’s style.According to 据... ...所示、按... ....所说【用法讲解】according to译为“根据、遵循”，在句中可位于句首或句中，后面常接名词或代词。 Eg: Everything went according to plan. 一切按照计划进行。According to law, a doctor must be present at the ringside. 按照法律规定，场边必须有一名医生。【即学即用】根据天气预报，晚一点天应该会转晴。 ______ ______ the forecast, it should brighten up later. 答案：According toEnergy (名词) 能源【用法讲解】 energy为名词，译为“能量、精力”。Eg: The solar panels generate energy from sunlight. 太阳能电池板利用阳光产生能量。She devoted all her energy to caring for the sick children. 她将所有精力投入到照顾生病的孩子上。【常见搭配】 be full of energy 精力充沛 Eg: He’s always full of energy and very energetic. 他总是精力充沛，非常有活力。【派生词】 energetic为形容词，译为“精力充沛的、充满活力的”。 Eg: She has a very energetic personality. 她个性充满活力。The dance routine was fast - paced and energetic. 这段舞蹈动作节奏快且充满力量。【即学即用】篮球运动员们在球场上精力充沛。 The basketball players _____ ______ ______ ______ on the court.Material (名词) 材料【用法讲解】 material为可数名词，其复数形式为materials，还可译为“素材”；material还可为形容词，译为“物质的、重要的、实质性的”。 Eg: This jacket is made of recycled materials. 这件夹克是用回收材料制成的。She collected material for her new novel. 她为新小说搜集素材。The witness provided material evidence. 目击者提供了重要证据。【常见搭配】 raw material 原材料 Learning materials 学习资料 Material world 物质世界 Eg: Wood is a common raw material for making furniture. 木材是制作家具的常见原材料。The teacher provided digital learning materials for the class. 老师为班级提供数字学习资料。Philosophers often debate the nature of the material world. 哲学家经常就物质世界自然争论。【派生词】 materialize为动词，译为“实现、具体化”； materialistic为形容词，译为“物质主义的”。 Eg: His dream to become a doctor finally materialized after years of hard work. 经过多年努力，他成为医生的梦想终于实现了。She has a materialistic view of happiness, valuing possessions over experiences. 她对幸福持物质主义观点，重视财产胜过经历。【即学即用】The construction site was full of various building __________ (材料).Desert (名词) 沙漠、荒漠【用法讲解】 desert为可数名词，其复数形式为deserts；desert还可为动词，译为“抛弃、擅离”。 Eg: The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的热带沙漠。He deserted his family and went abroad. 他抛弃了家人，出国了。Deserting from the army is a serious crime. 擅离部队是严重的犯罪行为。【常见搭配】 a desert of... 一片...的荒原 Desert one’s post 擅离职守 Eg: a desert of knowledge 知识的荒原The soldier was punished for deserting his post. 这个士兵因擅离职守而受到惩罚。【派生词】 deserted为形容词，译为“被遗弃的”； desertification为名词，译为“沙漠化”。 Eg: The deserted house looked very eerie. 那座被遗弃的房子看起来非常阴森。We should take measures to prevent desertification. 我们应该采取措施防止沙漠化。【即学即用】We saw many camels in the _________ (沙漠).Charge (动词) （使）充电【用法讲解】 charge为动词还可译为“收费、指控、冲锋”；charge还可为名词，译为“费用、指控”。 Eg: Remember to charge your phone before the trip. 记得旅行之前给手机充电。The bank charges a fee for international transfers. 银行对国际转账收取费用。He was charged with theft.他被指控为小偷。A 10% service charge is added to the bill. 账单会增加10%的服务费。The politician faces serious corruption charges. 这位政治家面临严重的腐败指控。【常见搭配】 free of charge 免费 In charge of ... 负责... Take charge 接管 Eg: The samples are provided free of charge. 这个样本免费提供。She is in charge of the marketing team. 她负责市场团队。He took charge of the project after the manager left. 在经理离开后他接管了项目。【派生词】 charger为名词，译为“充电器”。 Eg: I forgot my phone charger at home, so my battery is almost dead.我把手机充电器忘在家里了，现在电量快耗尽了。【即学即用】I need to c_________ my phone before we leave; the battery is at 10%.Environment (名词) 生态环境【用法讲解】 environment为可数名词，其复数形式为environments，还可译为“条件、环境”等。 Eg: We should protect the natural environment. 我们应该保护自然环境。A comfortable working environment is important for employees. 一个舒适的工作环境对员工很重要。This software can run in different environments. 这个软件可以在不同的环境中运行。【常见搭配】 work environment 工作环境 Living environment 生活环境 Eg: A good work environment can improve work efficiency. 良好的工作环境能提高工作效率。We should pay attention to improving our living environment. 我们应该注意改善我们的生活环境。【派生词】 environmental为形容词，译为“环境的”； Environmentalist为名词，译为“环保主义者”。 Eg: Making environmental protection is one of China’s basic national policies. 确保环境保护是中国的一项基本国策。Many environmentalists are working hard to protect the earth. 许多环保主义者正在努力保护地球。【即学即用】The pollution is damaging the ___________ (环境).Resource (名词) 资源（指土地、矿产等）【用法讲解】 resource为可数名词，其复数形式为resources，还可译为“资料、机智”。 Eg: The company invests heavily in human resources development. 公司大量投入在人力资源的发展。The library is a great resource for students. 图书馆是学生的宝贵资源。She showed great resource in solving the crisis. 她在解决危机时展现出非凡的应变能力。 【常见搭配】 Natural resources 自然资源 Financial resources 财力 Eg: China is rich in natural resources. 中国自然资源丰富。The project was canceled due to limited financial resources. 这个项目由于有限的财力而被取消。【派生词】 resourceful为形容词，译为“足智多谋的、资源丰富的”。 Eg: She is very resourceful and always finds creative solutions to problems. 她非常足智多谋，总能找到解决问题的创新方法。【即学即用】这个国家富含像石油和矿产这类的自然资源。 The country is rich in _________ _________ like oil and minerals.Probably (副词) 很可能、大概【用法讲解】 probably常位于助动词之后，实义动词之前修饰动词；probably也可用来修饰名词、副词、介词短语或连词，也可位于句首修饰整个句子。 Eg: He probably knows the answer. 他大概知道答案。 She is probably at home. 她可能在家。 Probably, he will come tomorrow. 很可能他明天回来。【易混辨析】 perhaps、possibly和likely区别 perhaps通常位于句首或句尾，表示一种礼貌的请求或提供帮助等，可能性较低； possibly表示可能性较小，常与can或could连用； likely表示可能性较大，但不如probably大。 Eg: Perhaps he will leave home for Shanghai. 也许他会离家去上海。 It may possibly be true. 也许是真的。 I’m likely to be very busy tomorrow. 明天我可能很忙。【即学即用】 ( )1. The White House ________ won’t make this plan public until July.probably B. possible C. likely D. maybeWest (名词) 西部【用法讲解】 west作名词时，译为“西方、西方国家”；west作形容词时，译为“西部的、西方的”；west作副词时，译为“向西”。 Eg: Which way is west? 哪边是西？Clarinet is a wooden pipe gas from the West Ming instruments. 单簧管是一种来自西方的木管气鸣乐器。 The plane is flying west. 飞机正飞向西方。【常见搭配】 in the west of... 在...的西边（内部） On the west of ... 在...的西面（相邻但互不管辖） To the west of... 在...里面 （不接壤也互不管辖） Eg：He lives in the west of England. 他在英国西部。【派生词】 western为形容词，译为“西方的”。 Eg: They were discussing the problems of western society. 他们正在讨论西方社会问题。【知识拓展】 方位词总结 East (名词/形容词/副词) 东方、东方的、向东； West (名词/形容词/副词) 西方、西方的、向西； South (名词/形容词/副词) 南方、南方的、向南； North (名词/形容词/副词) 北方、北方的、向北 Southeast (名词/形容词/副词) 东南、东南的、向东南方； Southwest (名词/形容词/副词) 西南、西南的、向西南方； Northeast (名词/形容词/副词) 东北、东北的、向东北方； Northwest (名词/形容词/副词) 西北、西北的、向西北方。【即学即用】西藏在中国的西面。 Tibet is ______ _______ _______ ______ China.East (名词) 东部【用法讲解】 east作名词时，译为“东方、东方国家”；east作形容词时，译为“东部的、东方的”；east作副词时，译为“向东”。 Eg: The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。We’re traveling east to Shanghai. 我们正往东去伤害。East China has a humid climate. 华东地区气候湿润。【常见搭配】 far East/ Middle East 远东/中东 East coast 东海岸 East wind 东风 Eg: She traveled through the Middle East last year.她去年去中东旅行。New York is on the east coast of the United States. 纽约位于美国东海岸上。The east wind brought cold weather. 东风带来了寒冷的天气。【派生词】 eastern为形容词，译为“东方的、东部的”。 Eg: The Eastern culture has a long history of tea ceremonies.东方文化有着悠久的茶道历史。【即学即用】The window faces e________, so the room gets morning sun.Mid - summer (名词) 仲夏【用法讲解】 mid - summer为不可数名词。 Eg: The flowers bloom in mid - summer. 这些花在仲夏时节盛开。【即学即用】The festival takes place in __________ (仲夏).Crazy (形容词) 疯狂的【用法讲解】 crazy作形容词还可译为“狂热的、迷恋的、不理智的”；crazy还可为名词，译为“疯子、行为反常的人”。 Eg: That’s a crazy idea. 那是个疯狂的想法。He looks crazy today. 他今天看起来很疯狂。We should avoid the crazies. 我们应该避开那些疯子。【常见搭配】 Be crazy about 热衷于 Be crazy for ... 渴望...；对...有强烈的欲望 Go crazy 发疯、变得非常激动/失控 Drive sb. crazy 使某人发疯 Like crazy 拼命地、疯狂地 Be crazy to do sth. 做某事很疯狂 Eg: She’s crazy about music. 她对音乐着迷。The kids are crazy for the new toy. 孩子们渴望那个新玩具。If I sit home and worry about all this stuff, I’d go crazy. 如果我整天坐在家里为这些事情担心，我会疯掉的。That noise is driving me crazy. 那噪音吵得我快发疯了。They worked like crazy to finish the project. 他们拼命工作以完成这个项目。You’re crazy to go out in this storm. 在这种给暴风雨中出去，你太疯狂了。【派生词】 crazily为副词，译为“疯狂地、不理智地”； craziness为名词，译为“疯狂、不理智”。 Eg: She laughed crazily at the joke. 他听到那个笑话后疯狂地大笑起来。 The craziness of the party surprised everyone. 聚会的疯狂程度让每个人都感到惊讶。【即学即用】她总是对自己的爱好狂热。 She’s always _______ ________ her hobbies.Rainfall (名词) 雨量【用法讲解】 rainfall为不可数名词，还可译为“一场雨”。 Eg: Heavy rainfall caused flooding in the valley. 强降雨导致山谷洪水泛滥。【常见搭配】 annual rainfall 年降水量 Heavy/ light rainfall 大/小雨量 Eg: The annual rainfall here exceeds 2000mm. 这里年降雨量超过2000毫米。The region experienced heavy rainfall last night. 这个地区昨晚经历了强降雨。【即学即用】The _________ (雨量) data shows a significant decrease this year.Survive (动词) 活下来、幸存【用法讲解】 survive为动词，还可译为“比...活得长”。 Eg: Only a few passengers survived the air crash. 只有几名乘客在空难中幸存。She survived her husband by ten years. 她比丈夫多活了十年。The company managed to survive the economic crisis. 公司设法挺过了经济危机。【常见搭配】 survive on... 靠...生存Survive from... 从...留存下来 Be survived by... 比...活得长 Eg: The explorers survived on berries and rainwater for weeks. 探险者靠浆果和雨水生存了数周。This tradition has survived from ancient times. 这一传统从古代留存至今。 He was survived by his wife and two children. 他去世后留下妻子和两个孩子。【派生词】 survivor为名词，译为“生存者”； survival为名词，译为“生存、幸存”； survivable为形容词，译为“可存活的”。 Eg: The survivors of the earthquake were rescued. 地震幸存者被救出。The survival of the species depends on adaptation. 物种的生存取决于适应能力。The disease is rarely survivable without treatment. 这种病不治疗几乎无法存活。【即学即用】She s_________ her first year of university with hard work.The ________ (survive) of the crash were taken to the hospital.Underground (形容词) 地（面）下的【用法讲解】 underground还可为名词，译为“地铁”：underground还可为副词，译为“在地下”。 Eg: The underground parking is free for 2 hours. 地下停车场免费停车2小时。He took the underground to work every day. 他每天乘地铁上班。The rebels went underground to avoid capture. 为了避免被捕，叛乱者转到地下。【即学即用】The city built an __________ (地下的) tunnel to ease traffic congestion.Canal (名词) 运河【用法讲解】 canal为可数名词，其复数形式为canals，还可译为“管道、导管”。 Eg: The Suez Canal connects the Mediterranean and Red Seas. 苏伊士运河连接地中海和红海。 The doctor examined my ear canal. 医生检查了我的耳道。 Plant canals transport water and nutrients. 植物导管输送水分和养分。【即学即用】The Panama ________ (运河) was built to connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.Amazingly (副词) 惊人地、了不起地【用法讲解】 amazingly在句常用来修饰形容词或动词，还可位于句首。 Eg: The food was amazingly delicious. 这个食物非常美味。He recovered amazingly quickly after the surgery. 手术后他以惊人速度恢复。Amazingly, the tiny startup beat all the big competitors. 令人惊奇地是，这个小的新兴公司打败了所有的竞争对手。【派生词】 amazing为形容词，译为“惊人的”； amaze为动词，译为“使惊讶”； amazement为名词，译为“惊讶”。 Eg: The magician performed an amazing trick that left everyone speechless. 魔术师表演了一个令人惊叹的魔术，让所有人都说不出话来。Her ability to solve complex problems quickly never fails to amaze me. 她快速解决复杂问题的能力总是让我感到惊讶。To everyone’s amazement, the underdog team won the championship. 让大家惊讶的是，这支弱队赢得了冠军。【即学即用】___________ (amazing), no one was hurt in the accident.Among (介词) 在... ... （人员）中、是... ...之一【用法讲解】 among为介词，译为“在...中、...之一”。Eg: There are many talented musicians among the participants. 参赛者中有很多才华横溢的音乐家。【易混辨析】 between和among区别 between通常用于两者之间，常与and连用； among主要用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间。 Eg: The gap between the two teams is significant. 两队之间的差距显著。 The village is located among the mountains. 村庄位于群山之中。【即学即用】This group is still popular _________ (among/ between) teenagers.Shortage (名词) 短缺、不足、缺乏【用法讲解】 shortage为可数名词，其复数形式为shortages。 Eg: The power shortage forced factories to cut production. 电力短缺迫使工厂减产。 His biggest shortage is patience. 他最大的不足是缺乏耐心。【常见搭配】 a shortage of ... ...的短缺 Eg: The hospital faces a shortage of medical supplies. 医院面临医疗用品短缺。【派生词】 short为形容词，译为“短的、不足的”； shorten为动词，译为“缩短”。 Eg: We are running short of time to finish the project. 我们快没有时间完成这个项目了。The teacher agreed to shorten the homework assignment. 老师同意缩短家庭作业。【即学即用】There is a severe water _________ (short) in this region during summer.Increase (名词) 增加、增多、增长【用法讲解】 increase作为动词，还可译为“增大、繁殖”；increase还可为名词，译为“增加、增量”。 Eg: The cost of the project has increased dramatically since it began. 该项目自开始以来成本就急剧上升。Some bacteria can increase rapidly under favourable conditions. 一些细菌在有利条件下能迅速繁殖。There has been a significant increase in sales this month. 本月销售额有显著增长。We need to calculate the increase in population over the past decade. 我们需要计算过去十年的人口增长量。【常见搭配】 increase by... + 百分比 增加了... Increase to... + 具体数量 增加到... Eg: The price of the house has increased by 20% this year. 今年房价上涨了20%。The population of the town has increased to 50,000. 这个城镇的人口增加到了5万。【派生词】 Increasing为形容词，译为“越来越多的”； increasingly为副词，译为“日渐增多地”。 Eg: An increasing number of people 越来越多的人It is becoming increasingly difficult to find a job. 找工作变得越来越难。【即学即用】Sales increased __________ (by/ to) 20% last year.课文解析Villagers hurried to the fields. 村民们匆匆赶往田野。【用法讲解】 hurry为动词，译为“催促、匆忙”；hurry也可为名词，译为“匆忙”。 Eg: She hurried to finish her homework before dinner. 她匆忙在晚饭前完成作业。Don’t hurry the cook or the food will be ruined. 别催厨师，否则食物会做坏。In his hurry, he forgot the keys. 匆忙中他忘了带钥匙。【常见搭配】 do sth. in a hurry = hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事 Hurry up 赶快、快点 Hurry sb, to do sth. 催促某人做某事 Eg: He hurried to get the doctor. = He get the doctor in a hurry. 他急忙去请医生。 Hurry up, or you’ll be late. 快点，不然要迟到了。 Don’t hurry him to drive beyond the speed limit. 不要催他开车超过规定车速。【派生词】 hurried为形容词，译为“匆忙的”； hurriedly为副词，译为“匆忙地”； Eg: She gave a hurried reply before leaving the meeting. 她在离开会议前匆忙给出了答复。He hurriedly packed his bags to catch the last train. 他匆忙收拾行李去赶末班车。【即学即用】He hurried __________ (call) an ambulance after the accident.The wind blew, sending sweet smells into the air. 风吹过，把香甜的气息送到空气中。【用法讲解】 知识点一：Smell为不可数名词时，译为“嗅觉、气味”；smell作系动词，后面常接形容词；smell还可为动词，译为“闻到、嗅到、散发出..的气味”。Eg: There is a strange smell in the air. 空气中有一种奇怪的味道。The fish smells bad. 这条鱼闻起来坏了。I can smell the flowers in the garden. 我能闻到花园里的花香。The dog can smell well. 狗的嗅觉很好。The food smells as if it’s burning. 食物闻起来好像烧焦了。【常见搭配】 smell out 嗅出、察觉 Sense of smell 嗅觉 Eg: The detective smelled out the truth. 侦探嗅出了真相。His sense of smell is very sharp. 他的嗅觉很敏锐。知识点二：air在此处为不可数名词，译为“空气、天空、神态、气氛”；air还可作动词，译为“晾干、通风、播出”等。 Eg: The air here is very fresh. 这的空气非常清新。Birds fly in the air. 鸟儿在空中飞翔。She has an air of confidence. 她有一种自信感。The old house had an air of mystery. 这座房子有一种神秘的气氛。The clothes need to air out. 这些衣服需要晾干。The new series will air next month. 新的剧集下个月播放。【常见搭配】 by air 坐飞机 On the air 在广播中 Air the room 给房间通风 Eg: He went to Paris by air. 他坐飞机去了巴黎。I heard the news on the air. 我在广播中听到了这条消息。Please air the room before the guests arrive. 在客人到之前，请给房子通通风。【即学即用】( )1. These flowers ________ very sweet.taste B. smell C. feel D. sound2. We need fresh __________ (空气) to breathe.Adults were busy cutting the wheat. Children raced behind to pick up the ears. 大人们忙着割小麦。孩子们在后面跑着捡拾麦穗。【用法讲解】 busy在此处为形容词，译为“忙碌的”，也可译为“热闹的”。 Eg: She is busy with her project. 她正忙于她的项目。Traffic gets busier after 5 PM. 下午5点后交通更拥堵。【常见搭配】 be busy with sth. 忙于某事 Be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 Busy schedule/ day/ week 繁忙的日程/一天/一周 Get busy 开始忙碌 Too busy to do sth. 太忙而无法做某事 Eg: He is busy with his homework. 他忙于做家庭作业。She is busy cooking dinner. 她忙于做晚饭。I have a busy week ahead. 我接下来有一周的繁忙日程。We should get busy cleaning the house. 我们该开始打扫房子了。He was too busy to attend the meeting. 他太忙，未能参会。【即学即用】The team is busy _________ (design) the new app interface.The 24 Solar Terms meant so much to them. 二十四节气对他们意义重大。【用法讲解】 知识点一：mean为动词，译为“表示...的意思、意味着”；mean也可作形容词，译为“吝啬的”。 Eg: What does this word mean? 这个字是什么意思？Silence means consent. 沉默就是同意。He meant no harm 他没有恶意。He is very mean with his money. 他在金钱上很吝啬。【派生词】 meaning为名词，译为“意思”【常见搭配】 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 Mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 The meaning of ... ...的意思 Eg: I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去，但是我父亲不肯我去。Missing this train means waiting for another hour. 错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。What's the meaning of this word? 这个字什么意思？知识点二：term在此处为名词，译为“节气”，还可译为“学期、术语、期限、条款”。 Eg: The autumn term starts in September. 秋季学期九月开始。The president was elected for a 4 - year term. 总统当选任期四年。Please read the terms and conditions carefully. 请仔细阅读条款和条件。【常见搭配】 24 Solar Terms 二十四节气 School term 学期 Eg: Start of Spring is the first terms in 24 Solar Terms. 立春是24节气中的第一个节气。The new school term starts in March. 新学期三月份开始。【即学即用】Can you tell me the __________ (mean) of this sentence?( )2. He means ________ abroad for further study.go B. to go C. going D. to going3. How many __________ (节气) are there in a year?The changes of the terms guided both their farming activities and daily lives. 节气的变化指导着他们的农业活动和日常生活。【用法讲解】Change在此处为名词，译为“变化、零钱”；change还可为动词，译为“改变、交换”。 Eg: She decided to change her hairstyle. 她决定改变她的发型。Can you change this $10 bill for smaller denominations? 你能把这张10美元的钞票兑换成小面额的吗？ Many changes have taken place since then. 自那以来，发生了许多变化。I don’t have any change for the parking meter. 我没有零钱来投放停车费。【常见搭配】 change ... into... 把...变成... Change... for ... 用...换来... Eg: I’m thinking of changing my car for a new one. 我正考虑换辆新车。He changed his dollars into francs. 他把美元换成了法郎。【即学即用】这个魔术师把小女孩变成了鸟。 This magician ________ the girl ______ a bird.The terms helped them understand why things happened at certain times, and how they should react. 节气帮助他们理解为什么事情会在特定时间发生，以及他们应该如何应对。【用法讲解】 certain作形容词，还可译为“确定的、肯定的、必然的、某些、某种”。 Eg: That we should stay together was certain. 我们应该呆在一起这是肯定的。After the Boston Tea Party, war with England seemed certain. 波士顿倾茶事件以后，与英国交战似乎是不可避免地。【常见搭配】 for certain 肯定地、确定无疑地 Be certain about sth. 对某事有把握、很确定 Be certain to do sth. 一定做某事 Certain event 必然事件 Certain areas 某些地区 Eg: A certain person called on me yesterday. 昨天有人来找过我。 Tuesday comes before Wednesday, for certain. 周二肯定在周三前。I am certain about the length of this video. 我很确定视频的长度。I promise I will be certain to finish the project on time. 我保证我一定会按时完成这个项目。The earthquake is a certain event. 地震是一个必然事件。Certain areas are affected by the storm. 某些地区受到风暴影响。【派生词】 certainly为副词，译为“确实地、当然”； uncertain为形容词，译为“不确定的”。 Eg: I’m certainly never going there again. 我肯定不会再去那里了。 The company faces an uncertain future with the market in decline. 随着市场衰退，公司面临着不确定的未来。【即学即用】冬天天气肯定会变冷。 The weather _______ _______ _______ get colder in winter.I always feel excited when a new term is set to begin. 当一个新的节气即将开始时我总是感到很兴奋。【用法讲解】 set作动词，译为“放置、设定、落下”等；set还可为名词，译为“一组”等。 Eg: Please set the clock for 7 am. 请把闹钟设定在早上七点。 The sun sets in the west. 太阳从西边落下。【常见搭配】 set sth. on sth. 将某物放在另一物体上 Set sth. in sth. 以某地为背景 Set about sth. 开始做某事 Set up 建立、组织 A set of ... 一套、一组 Set out 动身 Be set to ... 安排或计划 Eg: She set the book on the table. 她把书放在桌子上。The movie is set in the Wild West. 这部电影以美国西部为背景。They set about building a new house. 他们开始建新房子。The company set up a new branch in Shanghai. 公司在上海设立了新分公司。There is a set of keys on the desk. 桌子上有一套钥匙。I set out to buy food. 我动身去买吃的。The meeting is set to begin at 9 AM tomorrow. 会议定于明早9点开始。【即学即用】新政策将于下个月生效。 The new policy ______ _______ _______ take effect next month.( )2. My father _______ a printing business two years ago.set out B. set off C. set in D. set upI longed to share these feelings in my paintings and poems. 我渴望在我的绘画和诗中分享这些感受。【用法讲解】 long在此处为动词，译为“渴望”；long还可为形容词，译为“长的、长久的”。 Eg: I’m longing to travel abroad. 我渴望出国旅行。The Amazon is the world’s longest river. 亚马逊河是世界最长的河流。How long have you been waiting? 你等了多久？【常见搭配】 long for 渴望 In the long run 从长远看as long as... 像...一样长、只要 Eg: She longed for a chance to travel abroad. 她渴望有机会出国旅行。 Saving money is beneficial in the long run. 从长远看省钱是有效的。 You can go out, as long as you promise to be back before 11:00. 你可以出去，只要你答应在11点来。This rope is as long as that one. 这跟绳子和那根一样长。【即学即用】所有的人都渴望自由。 All people _______ ________ freedom.However, the ancient way of dividing time stays close to our hearts. 然而，这种古老的时间划分方式仍然贴近我们的心灵。【用法讲解】 divide为动词，译为“分开、分割、除”。 Eg: The river divides the city into two parts.这条河将城市分成两部分。If you divide 10 by 2, you get 5. 10除以2等于5.【常见搭配】 divide ... into... 把...分成... 数字 + divide by + 除数 + is + 结果 除法运算 Divide up 分配 Eg: The city is divided into 12 administrative districts. 城市被划分为12个行政区。Fifteen divided by three is five. 15除以3等于5.After the divorce, they divided up their property equally. 离婚后，他们平均分配了财产。【派生词】 division为名词，译为“分割、分配”。 Eg: The company has several divisions, each responsible for different products. 公司有几个部门，每个部门负责不同的产品。【易混辨析】 separate与divide区别： Separate通常指原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来，其后常接from； divide通常指把整体分为若干部分，其后常接into。 Eg: Lucy is separating the red apples from the green ones. 露西正在把红苹果从绿苹果中分开。The cake is divided into four parts. 这个蛋糕被分为四部分。【即学即用】他们把我们分成三组。 They _______ us ______ three groups.The 24 Solar Terms are known as the “Fifth Great Invention of China”. 二十四节气被誉为“中国第五大发明”。【用法讲解】 be known as译为“以某种身份或名称著称”，其同义词为be famous as。 Eg: He is known as the father of modern physics. 他被誉为现代物理学之父。【知识拓展】 “be known for + 名词/动名词”译为“因...而闻名”或“以...著称”，其同义词为be famous for 。 Eg: Paris is known for its beautiful architecture. 巴黎以其美丽的建筑而闻名。【即学即用】这家餐厅以提供美味的海鲜而闻名。 The restaurant ______ _______ _______ serving delicious seafood.Solar Terms bear social and cultural meanings, too. 二十四节气中的许多也承载着社会和文化意义。【用法讲解】 bear在此处为动词，译为“承担”，还可译为“承受、生育”；bear还可为名词，译为“熊、粗鲁的人”。 Eg: She couldn’t bear the noise any longer. 她再也无法忍受这噪音。This tree bears apples every year. 这棵树每年都结苹果。The bear was searching for food in the forest. 熊再森林里寻找食物。【常见搭配】 bear in mind 牢记 Bear with 耐心等待 Eg: Bear in mind that time is limited. 记住时间有限。 Please bear with me while I fix this issue. 请耐心等我解决这个问题。【派生词】 bearable为形容词，译为“可忍受的”。 Eg: The pain was just bearable with medication.服药后疼痛勉强可以忍受。【即学即用】He couldn’t b_______ being ignored.Today, the effects of climate change require people to make cleaner choices. 如今，气候变化的影响要求人们做出更清洁的选择。【用法讲解】 effect为名词，译为“影响、结果”；effect还可为动词，译为“产生、实现、引起”等。 Eg: The new policy will have a significant effect on the economy. 新政策将对经济产生重大影响。Her words had a soothing effect on him. 她的话对他起了安慰作用。The new policy is expected to effect change in the industry. 新政策预计将对行业产生变化。【常见搭配】 have an effect on ... 对...有影响 In effect 实际上、生效中 Take effect 开始生效、起作用 Effect savings 节省（金钱、时间等） Be of no effect 无效、不起作用 Eg: The new policy had a positive effect on the economy. 新政策对经济产生了积极影响。The rule is in effect immediately. 该规则立即生效。The medication started to take effect after an hour. 服药一个小时后开始起作用。The new process will effect savings in both time and money. 新工艺将节省时间和金钱。The treatment was of no effect on the disease. 这种治疗对疾病无效。【派生词】 effective为形容词，译为“有效的”；ineffective为形容词，译为“无效的”：。 Eg: Television is an effective means of communication. 电视是一种有效的通信手段。 All other assets in a crisis are ineffective. 在危机中，所有其它资产都是不起作用的。【即学即用】实际上，他是这里的老板。 _______ ________, he’s the boos around here. We are back to using the sun -- in a modern way! 我们正重新开始利用太阳 -- 以一种现代的方式！【用法讲解】 be back to译为“恢复到（某种状态）”或“回到（某个活动）”。 Eg: After the vacation, she is back to work. 假期后，她恢复工作了。We’ll be back to the office next Monday. 我们下周一会回到办公室。【即学即用】系统恢复正常了。 The system _______ ______ _______ normal.That’s enough to make your feet burn! 那足以灼伤你的双脚！【用法讲解】 enough在此处为副词，译为“充分地”，通常放在形容词或副词之后；enough也可作形容词，译为“足够的”，放在名词前作定语。 Eg: He is tall enough to play basketball. 他足够高可以打篮球。We have enough time to finish the work. 我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。【常见搭配】 be + 形容词 + enough + for sb. + to do sth. 对某人来说做某事... Eg: The book is easy enough for you to read. 这本书对你来说很容易读。【即学即用】( )1. Mike is only 15 years old. He is not ______ to get a driver’s license.old enough B. enough old C. young enough D. enough youngThe secret lies in the ancient karaz system. 秘密藏在古老的坎儿井系统中。【用法讲解】 lie作动词译为“平躺”等时，其过去式为lay，过去分词为lain；lie作动词，译为“说谎”时过去式为lied，过去分词为lied；lie还可作名词，译为“谎言”。 Eg: The cat is lying on the floor. 猫躺在地板上。He lied about his grades. 他撒谎了关于他的成绩。He told a lie to cover up his mistake. 他撒谎来掩盖他的错误。【常见搭配】 tell a lie 说谎 Lie to sb. 对某人说话 Lie down 躺下 Lie in bed 躺在床上 The lie of the land 形势、局势 Eg: You shouldn’t tell a lie. 你不应该说谎。 Don’t lie to me! 别对我说谎！Let me lie down for a rest. 让我躺下休息一会儿。He was lying in bed, sound asleep. 他正躺在床上，睡得很香。Before making a decision, we need to know the lie of the land. 在做决定之前，我们需要了解局势。【即学即用】我累了。我需要躺一会儿休息一下。 I’m tired. I need to ________ _______ for a while.( )2. He _______ a layer of hay in the field.Water from the mountains falls into the wells. 山上的水流进井中。【用法讲解】 fall作动词时，译为“进入（某状态）、落下、掉落”，其过去式为fell，过去分词为fallen；fall还可以作名词，为美式英语中的“秋天”，autumn为英式英语中的“秋天”。 Eg: The leaves begin to fall when autumn comes. 树叶在秋天开始落下。It's very slippery. You’ll fall. 地面很滑，你会跌倒的。No one knows why the house prices have fallen. 没人直到为什么房价下跌了。【用法讲解】 fall down 跌倒、落下 Fall ill 生病 Fall asleep 入睡、睡着 Fall rain 秋雨 Eg: She accidentally fell down the stairs. 她不小心从楼梯上摔下来了。He fell ill after eating the contaminated food. 他吃了被污染的食物后生病了。He fell asleep while reading the book. 他在读书时睡着了。The fall rain made the streets wet and slippery. 秋雨让街道变得潮湿光滑。【即学即用】我真的很担心我的学习落后了。 I’m really worried that I’m ________ ________ in my studies.And amazingly, all of this was completed with only hand tools! 并且令人惊叹的是，这一切仅用手工工具就完成了。 【用法讲解】complete为动词，译为“完成、结束”；complete还可做形容词，译为“完整的、彻底的”。 Eg: She completed her PhD in three years. 她三年内完成了博士学位。This is a complete collection of his works. 这是他的作品全集。The project was a complete success. 这个项目取得了彻底的成功。 【常见搭配】complete with 配备齐全的 Complete a task 完成任务 Complete the circle 圆满结束 Eg: The apartment comes complete with all modern amenities. 这套公寓配备齐全，拥有所有现代化设施。 She completed the task ahead of schedule. 她提前完成了任务。 The reunion completed the circle of their friendship. 这次重聚为他们的友谊画上了圆满的句号。【派生词】completely为副词，译为“完全地”；completion为名词，译为“完成”。 Eg: She was completely absorbed in the novel and didn’t hear the doorbell. 她完全沉浸在小说中，连门铃 都没听见。The completion of the bridge will greatly improve transportation. 桥梁的竣工将极大改善交通。【即学即用】We need to c________ the registration process first.I __________ (complete) agree that students should do sports.No wonder it’s among the top three projects of ancient China. 难怪它被列为中国古代三大工程之一。【用法讲解】 wonder作可数名词时，译为“奇观、奇迹、奇事”，作不可数名词时，译为“惊讶、惊奇”；wonder作动词时常用来引导宾语从句；wonder还可为动词，译为“琢磨、想知道、感到诧异”。Eg: The Great Wall is a wonder of China. 长城是中国的一大奇迹。 I wonder where he has gone. 我想知道他去哪儿了。【常见搭配】 Wonder about sth. 对某事感到疑惑 Wonder at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 It is a wonder that ... 对某事感到非常令人惊讶或不可思议 No wonder 难怪 Wonders of the world 世界奇观 Eg: He often wonders about the meaning of life. 他经常思索生命的意义。 We all wondered at her sudden recovery. 我们都对她的突然康复感到惊奇。It is a wonder that he managed to finish the race in such bad weather. 在这么糟糕的天气里设法完成比赛真令人惊讶。No wonder she’s upset, considering what happened. 考虑到所发生的事情，难怪她会感到沮丧。【派生词】 wonderful为形容词，译为“精彩的、令人惊奇的” wonderfully为副词，译为“非常好地、精彩地” Eg: We had a wonderful time last night. 我们昨晚过得非常愉快。 The hotel is wonderfully comfortable. 这家旅馆非常舒适。【即学即用】The pyramids in Egypt are ancient w_________.She performed _________ (wonder) in the concert. Although modern technology is solving some problems, the karez system still plays an important role. 尽管现代技术正在解决一些问题，但坎儿井系统仍发挥着重要作用。【用法讲解】 role为可数名词，其复数形式为roles，译为“ 作用、职能、角色”。 Eg: The role of a work is to communicate its message to the spectator. 一部艺术作品的作用在于把它的含义传达给观众。She has just landed the lead role in their latest production. 她刚在他们最新的作品中取得了主角。【常见搭配】 Play a role (in) 在...中发挥作用、扮演角色 Eg: The police play an important role in our society. 警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。【即学即用】( )1. A positive attitude ______ an important role in doing anything you want.makes B. plays C. takes D. letsNow, more and more young people are taking action to protect it.现在，越来越多的年轻人正在采取行动保护它。【用法讲解】 action在表示“具体的行动、行为”时为可数名词，其复数形式为actions；在表示“抽象概念的行动”时为不可数名词。 Eg: The police are investigating several actions in connection with the robbery. 警方正在调查与抢劫案有关的几起行动。 There was a lack of action on the part of the authorities. 当局在行动上存在缺失。【常见搭配】 in action 在行动中 Out of action 失去作用 Take action 采取行动 Action speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 Eg: The machine is now in action . 机器正在运转。The engine is out of action. 发动机出了故障。She took immediate action to resolve the problem. 她立即采取行动解决问题。【派生词】 act为动词，译为“扮演、充当、起作用”； Active为形容词，译为“活跃的、活泼的”； activity为名词，译为“活动”； Actor为名词，译为“男演员”；actress为名词，译为“女演员”。【常见搭配】 act out 表演出来 Eg: Get pairs of students to act out the dialogue in front of the class. 叫学生两人一组在课堂上演出这个对话。【即学即用】( )1. This ______ would not be in accord with our policy.action B. act C. active D. activity我们必须立即采取行动，否则就晚了。 We need to _______ _______ before it’s too late.Allow 允许【用法讲解】 allow为动词，译为“允许”。 Eg: Parents should allow their children more freedom. 父母应该给孩子更多的自由。【常见搭配】 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 Allow doing sth. 允许做某事 Allow for 考虑到、体谅 Eg: She is allowed to watch TV after school. 她放学后被允许看电视。 Please allow me to carry your bag. 请允许我替你拿包。 They allowed smoking in this room only. 他们只允许在这间屋子里吸烟。 We should allow for every possible delay. 我们考虑到任何可能的延误。【派生词】 allowance为名词，译为“津贴、零用钱”。 Eg: His monthly allowance is 800 yuan. 他每月津贴为800元。【即学即用】( )1. Passengers are not allowed ________ on the plane.smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. to smoking语法解析宾语从句（二）当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。连接代词who、whom、whose、which、what和连接副词where、how、why、when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中作一定成分，不可省略。宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“疑问词+主语+谓语+其他”。因此当特殊疑问词作宾语从句时，一定要注意语序。 Eg: Please tell me when we will have a meeting. 请告诉我我们什么时候开会。宾语从句时态如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句随句意而判定。 Eg: I wonder if it will rain tomorrow. 我想知道是否明天会下雨。He remembers that there was a house in the past. 他记得过去这有一个房子。Please tell me how long he has learnt English. 请告诉我他学英语多长时间了。如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句用过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。Eg: He asked me what time it was. 他问我几点了。 She said she was shopping at this time yesterday. 她说她昨天这个时候正在购物。 He said that he would go back to the US soon. 他说他很快会回到美国。 He asked if you had written to Peter. 他问是否你已经给皮特写信了。从句如果表示客观事实、真理、自然现象时，无论主句是何种时态，从句都用一般现在时。Eg: Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 我们的老师告诉我们光的传播速度比声音快。写作本单元写作主题为“改变大自然”内容：大自然被破坏的后果及人们改造自然的事例；环保行动与措施；人与自然关系的反思及呼吁。例如：中国自古以来有许多人类改变自然的传说，请讲述“愚公移山”成语故事，及该故事带给人们的影响。常用句型I want to tell you about the Chinese idiom Yu Gong Moves a Mountain.Long long ago, there lived...They took action to ...Although the task was very difficult, Thanks to ..., he achieved his dream.The story tells us that we can change nature.写作模板审人称：第一、三人称 2. 审体裁：应用文 3. 审时态：一般现在时、一般过去时 范文 Today I want to tell you about the Chinese idiom Yu Gong Moves a Mountain. Long long ago, there lived a very old man named Yu Gong. He decided to move two large mountains that blocked the way to his home. Although the task was very difficult, he didn’t give it up. He and his children took action to remove the mountains all day and all night. His perseverance and determination moved the gods. They sent divine begins to help him. Thanks to the divine beings, Yu Gong achieved his dream.The story tells us that human beings can change nature. I believe we can learn Yu Gong’s spirit of perseverance and the belief that with determination, even the most difficult tasks can be finished from this example.