2026外研新版八年下册英语 Unit 5 Looking into nature 讲义

这是一份2026外研新版八年下册英语 Unit 5 Looking into nature 讲义，文件包含2026外研新版八年下册英语Unit5Lookingintonature讲义教师版docx、2026外研新版八年下册英语Unit5Lookingintonature讲义学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共80页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 5 Looking into nature单词解析Dinosaur (名词) 恐龙【用法讲解】 dinosaur为可数名词，其复数形式为dinosaurs。 Eg: Children are fascinated by the skeletons of dinosaurs in the museum. 孩子们对博物馆里的恐龙骨架着迷。【常见搭配】 go the way of the dinosaurs 像恐龙一样灭绝/淘汰 Eg: Traditional film cameras have gone the way of the dinosaurs. 传统胶片相机已经像恐龙一样被淘汰了。【即学即用】_________ (恐龙) roamed the Earth millions of years ago. 答案：DinosaursFeather (名词) 羽毛、翎【用法讲解】 feather为可数名词，其复数形式为feathers，也可译为“羽状物、轻触水面”。 Eg: The peacock displayed its colourful feathers. 孔雀展示了它彩色的羽毛。The oars feathered the water silently. 船桨轻触水面，悄无声息。【常见搭配】 feather in one’s cap 值得骄傲的成就 Ruffle one’s feathers 惹恼某人 As light as a feather 轻如鸿毛 Feather one’s nest 中饱私囊 Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚。 Eg: Winning the award was a feather in her cap.获奖是她的荣耀。His rude comment ruffled her feathers. 他粗鲁的评论惹恼了她。The package was as light as a feather. 这个包裹轻飘飘的。The corrupt official feathered his nest with public funds. 那个腐败官员用公款中饱私囊。【派生词】 feathery为形容词，译为“羽毛般的、轻软的”； feathered为形容词，译为“有羽毛的、饰以羽毛的”。 Eg: The clouds looked feathery against the blue sky. 云朵在蓝天的映衬下显得轻盈如羽毛。The feathered headdress was worn by tribal chiefs during ceremonies. 部落首领在仪式上会佩戴这种饰有羽毛的头饰。【即学即用】The bird preened its _________ (羽毛) in the sunlight. 答案：feathersFeather - covered (形容词) 羽毛覆盖的【用法讲解】 feather - covered在句中常作定语。 Eg: The bird had soft, feather - covered wings. 这只鸟的翅膀覆盖着柔软的羽毛。【常见搭配】 feather - covered wings 布满羽毛的翅膀 Eg: The owl spread its feather - covered wings silently. 猫头鹰无声地展开它布满羽毛的翅膀。【即学即用】A ___________ (羽毛覆盖的) mask was used in the tribal ceremony. 答案：feather - coveredLizard (名词) 蜥蜴【用法讲解】 lizard为可数名词，其复数形式为lizards，也可译为“狡猾的人”。 Eg: A small lizard darted across the rock. 一只小蜥蜴从岩石上蹿过。Don’t trust him -- he’s a sly old lizard. 别信他，他是个狡猾的老狐狸。【即学即用】Some ________ (蜥蜴) can detach their tails to escape predators. 答案：lizardsAmber (名词) 琥珀【用法讲解】 amber为不可数名词，还可译为“琥珀色”；amber还可为形容词，译为“琥珀色的”。 Eg: The necklace was made of polished amber. 这条项链由打磨过的琥珀制成。She wore an amber dress to the party. 她穿了一件琥珀色的礼服参加派对。【常见搭配】 amber light 黄灯 Eg: The driver stopped at the amber light. 司机在黄灯前停下了车。【即学即用】The medicine is stored in _________ (琥珀色的) glass bottles. 答案：amber Whether (连词) 是否（用于表示选择对某事不确定）【用法讲解】 whether为连词，译为“是否”，用来引导宾语从句时，表示对某一情况的不确定或疑问。宾语从句要用陈述语句，结构为“whether + 主语 + 谓语动词 + 其他 + (or not)”。 Eg: I don’t know whether he has arrived. 我不知道他是否已经到了。 I don’t know whether he will come or not. 我不知奥他到底来不来。【即学即用】( )1. -- I’m not sure ______ my suggestion is helpful to you. -- It certainly is. Every little bit helps.why B. how C. whether D. where 答案：CSpecies (名词) 物种【用法讲解】 species单复数同形，还可译为“种类、类型”。 Eg: This forest is home to over 200 bird species. 这片森林是200多种鸟类的栖息地。【常见搭配】 endangered species 濒危物种 Species diversity 物种多样性 Eg: Protecting endangered species is crucial for biodiversity. 保护频危物种对生物多样性至关重要。Rainforest have high species diversity. 雨林拥有高度的物种多样性。【即学即用】Protecting keystone s__________ is crucial for ecosystems. 答案：speciesUnknown (形容词) 不知道的、未知的【用法讲解】 unknown在句中常作定语或表语；unknown还可为名词，译为“未知事物/人”。 Eg: The virus came from an unknown source. 这种病毒来源未知。The artist remained unknown until his death. 这位艺术家生前一直默默无闻。The explorer ventured into the unknown. 探险家进入了未知领域。【常见搭配】 unknown origin 来源不明 Unknown to sb. 不为某人所知 Eg: The artifact is of unknown origin.这件文物的来源不明。The fact was unknown to the public until recently. 这一事实直到最近才为公众所知。【派生词】 know为动词，译为“知道”；unknowable为形容词，译为“不可知的”； unknowingly为副词，译为“不知不觉地”； unknowing为形容词，译为“不知情的、无意识的”。 Eg: I don’t know what to do next. 我不知道接下来会发生什么。 Some philosophers argue that the nature of consciousness is fundamentally unknowable. 一些哲学家认为意识的本质从根本上说是不可知的。She unknowingly shared confidential information with a competitor. 她不知不觉向竞争对手泄露了机密信息。He was an unknowing participant in the scam. 他是这场骗局中不知情的参与者。【即学即用】The artist remained __________ (know) until his work went viral online. 答案：unknownNorthern (形容词) 北部的【用法讲解】 northern在句中常位于名词前作定语。 Eg: That’s a large city in northern Greece. 那是希腊北部的一个大城市。【派生词】 north为名词，译为“北方”；north为形容词，译为“北方的”；north也为副词，译为“在北方”。 Eg: The river turns north at this point. 这条河从这里转向北方。North London is a popular area for tourists. 伦敦北区是一个受欢迎的旅游区。The birds fly north in summer. 夏天鸟儿向北飞。【知识拓展】 方位词总结 East (名词/形容词/副词) 东方、东方的、向东； West (名词/形容词/副词) 西方、西方的、向西； South (名词/形容词/副词) 南方、南方的、向南； North (名词/形容词/副词) 北方、北方的、向北 Southeast (名词/形容词/副词) 东南、东南的、向东南方； Southwest (名词/形容词/副词) 西南、西南的、向西南方； Northeast (名词/形容词/副词) 东北、东北的、向东北方； Northwest (名词/形容词/副词) 西北、西北的、向西北方。【即学即用】The people of ________ (north) Canada are called Inuit. 答案：northernAfrican (形容词) 非洲的、非洲人的【用法讲解】 African作名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为Africans。 Eg: This is a kind of African food. 这是一种非洲食物。Most African people are black people. 大多数非洲人是黑人。【派生词】 Africa为名词，译为“非洲”。 Eg: Africa is full of adventurers. 非洲充满了冒险家。【即学即用】Congo is an ________ (Africa) country. 答案： AfricanBelief (名词) 观点【用法讲解】 belief为可数名词，其复数形式为beliefs；belief还可为不可数名词，译为“信念、信仰、信任”。 Eg: It’s my belief that honesty is always the best policy. 我认为诚实永远是上策。Her belief in God gives her strength. 她对上帝的信仰赋予她力量。I have no belief in his promises. 我不相信他的承诺。【常见搭配】 belief in ... 对...的信仰/信念 Beyond belief 难以置信 Eg: She has a strong belief in hard work. 她坚信努力工作的重要性。His arrogance is beyond belief. 他的傲慢令人难以置信。【派生词】 believe为动词，译为“相信”； Believer为名词，译为“信徒、相信者”； Disbelief为名词，译为“怀疑、不信”。 Eg: I believe in your ability to succeed. 我相信你有成功的能力。She is a strong believer in hard work. 她坚信努力工作的重要性。He stared at the news in disbelief. 他难以置信地盯着那条新闻。【即学即用】His __________ (believe) in science shapes his worldview. 答案：beliefFully (副词) 完全地、充分地、彻底地【用法讲解】 fully在句中常用于修饰动词、形容词或过去分词。 Eg: I fully understand your concerns. 我完全理解你的担忧。The project was fully funded within a week. 该项目一周内就获得了充足资金。【派生词】 fully understand 完全理解 Fully support 全力支持 Eg: I don’t fully understand the instruction.我没有完全理解这些说明。We fully support your decision. 我们全力支持你的决定。【派生词】 full为形容词，译为“满的、完全的”； fullness为名词，译为“充满、完整”。 Eg: The glass is full of water. 玻璃杯里装满了水。 The fullness of her voice impressed the audience.她嗓音的饱满感打动了听众。【即学即用】The report ________ (full) explains the causes of the problem. 答案：fullyUnlock (动词) 解锁【用法讲解】 unlock还可为名词，译为“解锁状态”。 Eg: The detective unlocked the mystery after months of investigation. 经过数月调查，侦探解开了谜团。This program helps unlock students’ creativity. 这个项目帮助学生释放创造力。【常见搭配】 unlock a mystery 解开谜团 Unlock the secrets of sth. 揭开某事的秘密 Eg: The detective finally unlocked the mystery. 侦探最终解开了谜团。Unlock the Secrets of Ancient Civilizations. 揭开古代文明的秘密。【派生词】 unlocked为形容词，译为“未锁的、已解锁的”； unlockable为形容词，译为“可解锁的”。 Eg: Her phone remained unlocked for security reasons. 出于安全考虑，她的手机一直未锁。The game has many unlockable features. 游戏有许多可解锁的功能。【即学即用】Forgot your password? Here’s how to ________ (lock) your account.这本书将帮助你揭开成功的秘密。 This book will help you ________ ______ _______ _______ success. 答案：1. unlock 2. unlock the secrets of Finding (名词) 发现、（调查、研究等的）结果【用法讲解】 finding为可数名词，其复数形式为findings，还可译为“判决、出土物”。 Eg: The research team published their findings in a journal. 研究团队将他们的发现发表在期刊上。The court announced its findings yesterday. 法院昨日宣布了裁决结果。These archaeological findings date back to 3000 BC. 这些考古出土物可追溯至公元前3000年。【常见搭配】 research findings 研究结果 Eg: The research findings were published in a scientific journal. 这项研究结果发表在科学期刊上。【派生词】 find为动词，译为“找到、发现”。 Eg: She finally found her lost keys under the sofa. 她终于在沙发下找到了丢失的钥匙。【即学即用】The scientist presented her ___________ (find) at the conference. 答案：findingsNewspaper (名词) 报纸【用法讲解】 newspaper为可数名词，其复数形式为newspapers，还可译为“报社、新闻机构”。 Eg: She reads the newspaper every morning with her coffee. 她每天早晨边喝咖啡边读报纸。The newspaper fired three journalists last week. 该报社上周解雇了三名记者。【常见搭配】 daily/ weekly newspaper 日报/周报 Newspaper headline 报纸头条 Eg: The New York Times is a famous daily newspaper. 《纽约时报》是一份著名的日报。The newspaper headline shocked everyone. 报纸头条震惊了所有人。【即学即用】She reads three ___________ (报纸) every day. 答案：newspapersWriting (名词) 写作、著书【用法讲解】 writing为可数名词，其复数形式为writings；writing在表示“写作”行为时为不可数名词。 Eg: Her writing reflects deep philosophical thinking. 她的作品体现了深刻的哲学思考。Writing is a difficult task. 写作是一项艰难的任务。【常见搭配】 improve one’s writing 提升写作能力 In writing 书面形式 Eg: Reading more can help improve your writing. 多阅读能帮助提高写作水平。Please submit your request in writing. 请以书面形式提交申请。【派生词】 write为动词，译为“写”； writer为名词，译为“作家”。 Eg: She is writing a novel about climate change. 她正在写一本关于气候变化的小说。K. Rowling is a famous writer who created Harry Potter. J.K.罗琳是创作《哈利.波特》的著名作家。【即学即用】Her _________ (write) include novels and essays. 答案：writingStyle (名词) 风格【用法讲解】 style为可数名词，其复数形式为styles，还可译为“时尚、款式、风度”；style还可为动词，译为“设计、命名、表现”。 Eg: Her painting style is influenced by Impressionism. 她的绘画风格受印象派影响。This dress is last season’s style. 这条裙子是上一季的款式。The magazine styled her as “the rising star”. 杂志将她命名为“新星”。【常见搭配】 in style 时髦的 Out of style 过时的 Hair/ clothing style 发型/服装风格 Eg: Vintage clothing is back in style this year. 复古服装今年又流行起来了。Bell - bottom jeans are out of style now. 喇叭裤现在过时了。She changed her hair style every season. 她每个极度都换发型。【派生词】 stylish为形容词，译为“时髦的、有品味的”； stylize为动词，译为“使风格化”。 Eg: She always wears stylish clothes to work. 她总是穿着时髦的衣服去上班。The artist stylized the portrait with bold colors and lines. 艺术家用大胆的色彩和线条将肖像风格化。【即学即用】His ________ (风格) of writing is very descriptive. 答案：styleMethod (名词) 方法、办法【用法讲解】 method为可数名词，其复数形式为methods。 Eg: Scientists use different methods to conduct experiments. 科学家使用不同的方法进行实验。【常见搭配】 method of doing sth. 做某事的方法 Apply a method 应用一种方法 Eg: We need to find a better method of learning English. 我们需要找到一种更好的学习英语的方法。 The researcher applied a new method to analyze the data. 研究人员应用了一种新的方法来分析数据。【即学即用】The m________ of cooking this dish is quite simple. 做这道菜的方法很简单。 答案： methodAlive (形容词) 变得兴味盎然、生动起来【用法讲解】 alive在句中常作表语。 Eg: He must be still alive. 他一定还活着。My grandfather is more alive than a lot of young people. 我爷爷比许多年轻人还有活力。【常见搭配】 be alive with ... 充满、到处是 Come alive 活跃起来 Stay alive 活着 Alive and well 建在的、安然无恙的 Eg: The woods are alive with birds. 树林中到处是鸟。The story came alive in his retelling. 在他的复述下，故事变得生动起来。The policeman has caught the murderer alive. 警察已将凶手生擒。The old man is still living and well. 这位老人还建在且安好。【易混辨析】 alive, living, lovely及lively区别lively强调其生机、有活力的特性；alive强调生命的存在或活力，通常用于描述物体或人的生存状态；living强调生物体的生存状态，也可指生活方式或居住环境；Lovely强调可爱或令人愉悦的特质，常用来形容人或物给人的美好感觉。Eg: She had a sweet, lively personality. 她的性格可爱活泼。 We don’t know whether he’s alive or dead. 我们不知道他是死是活。 She is a living legend. 她是一个活生生的传奇人物。 She is a lovely girl. 她是一个可爱的女孩。【即学即用】( )1. She is a ________ girl who is easy - going.lovely B. alive C.living D. lively答案：DArgument (名词) 论点、论据【用法讲解】 argument为可数名词，其复数形式为arguments，还可译为“争论、争吵”。 Eg: Her argument was supported by solid evidence. 她的论点有坚实证据支持。 They had an argument about money. 他们为钱发生了争吵。【常见搭配】 have an argument (with sb.) (about sth.) 与某人就某事发生争论 Eg: They had a heated argument about the best way to solve the problem. 他们就解决问题的最佳方法发生了激烈的争论。【派生词】 argue为动词，译为“争论、辩论”； arguable为形容词，译为“有争议的、可辩论的”。 Eg: He argued that the plan was unfeasible. 他争辩说这个计划不可行。 It’s arguable whether this policy will benefit everyone. 这项政策是否对所有人有利尚有争议。【即学即用】She always seems to win every _________ (argue). 答案：argumentBoard (名词) 布告牌、公告牌【用法讲解】 board为可数名词，其复数形式为boards，还可译为“木板、委员会、棋盘”等；board还可为动词，译为“登上（交通工具）”。 Eg: The notice was pinned to the bulletin board. 通知钉在公告牌上。She serves on the board of directors. 她是董事会成员。Passengers will board the plane at Gate 12. 乘客将在12号登机口登机。【常见搭配】 on board 在船/飞机上 Board meeting 董事会会议 Above board 光明正大的 Go by the board 被抛弃/忽视 Eg: All passengers must be on board by 8 PM. 所有乘客需在晚上8点前登机。The decision was made at a board meeting. 决定是在董事会会议上做出的。The deal was completely above board. 这笔交易完全光明正大。Our plans went by the board due to the storm. 因暴风雨，我们的计划泡汤了。【即学即用】The teacher pinned the exam schedule to the ________ (布告板). 答案：boardModel (名词) 模型【用法讲解】 model为可数名词，其复数形式为models，还可译为“模范、模特、型号”；model为动词，译为“模仿”。 Eg: The architect built a 3D model of the bridge. 建筑师制作了这座桥的3D模型。She is a fashion model for a famous brand. 她是一个知名品牌的时装模特。The scientist modeled the climate changes. 科学家模拟了气候变化。【常见搭配】 business model 商业模式 Model oneself on... 以...为榜样 Eg: The startup has an innovative business model. 这家初创公司有创新的商业模式。He models himself on his successful father. 他以成功的父亲为榜样。【即学即用】The team is designing a new data m________ for the project. 答案：modelPlanet (名词) 行星【用法讲解】 planet为可数名词，其复数形式为planets，还可译为“星体”。 Eg: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. 木星是太阳系中最大的行星。 【即学即用】Mars is the most studied __________ (行星) after Earth. 答案：planetTrue (形容词) 符合事实的、真的、真实的【用法讲解】 true在句中常作定语或表语，还可译为“可靠的、准确的”。 Eg: Is it true that you’re moving abroad? 你要搬到国外是真的吗？ He remained true to his principles. 他始终忠于自己的原则。【常见搭配】 true to life 逼真的 Eg: The movie’s characters feel true to life. 电影中的角色感觉很真实。【派生词】 truth为名词，译为“真实、事实”； Truly为副词，译为“真实地、确实地”。 Eg: Several truths have emerged from the investigation. 调查揭示了几个真相。 I don’t truly understand what you mean. 我真的不明白你的意思。【易混辨析】 actual、real和true区别 actual强调某事物是真实的、实际存在的，而非理论上的或假设的； real强调事物确实存在，非想象的或理论的； true强调某事物与事实相符或真实可靠。 Eg: The actual cause of this quake is still unknown. 这次地震的真正原因仍不清楚。That's where the real danger lies. 确实存在危险的地方。She gave a true account of what had happened. 她如实地讲述了发生的事情。【即学即用】 The _______ (true) is often more complex than it appears. 答案：truthClear (动词) 清除、清理【用法讲解】 clear为动词，译为“澄清”，clear还可为形容词，译为“晴朗的、清晰的、清楚的”。 Eg: Please clear the snow from the path. 请把小路上的雪清理掉。She cleared up the misunderstanding. 她澄清了误解。The instructions are very clear. 说明非常清晰。The weather is clear today. 今天天气晴朗。【常见搭配】 clear out 清理、丢掉 Clear up 天气放晴 In the clear 摆脱困境 Keep clear of... 主动避开危险或麻烦 Make clear 讲清楚、使明白 Eg: I need to clear out my closet. 我需要清理我的衣柜。 The sky cleared up in the afternoon. 下午填空放晴了。He is in the clear now. 他现在摆脱困境了。Drivers should keep clear of the accident area. 司机应避开事故区域。You need to make clear your intentions before you start the project. 在开始这个项目之前，你需要讲清楚你的意图。【派生词】 clearly为副词，译为“清楚地”。 Eg: Speak more clearly. 说得更清楚些。【即学即用】She spoke ________ (clear) so everyone could hear her.我们正在把阁楼里的旧家具清理出去。 We are ________ _________ the old furniture from the attic. 答案：1. clearly 2. clearing outUpload (动词) 上载、上传【用法讲解】 upload还可为名词，译为“上传的行为或文件”。 Eg: Please upload the report to the shared drive.请将报告上传到共享文件夹。The upload failed due to a slow connection. 由于网络慢，上传失败了。【即学即用】You need to u________ the documents to the cloud. 答案：uploadWhale (名词) 鲸【用法讲解】 whale为可数名词，其复数形式为whales；whale还可为动词，译为“捕鲸、猛击”。 Eg: An immense whale breached the surface. 一头巨鲸跃出了水面。Norwegian whalers announced they successfully whaled a minke in the North Sea yesterday. 挪威的捕鲸人宣布他们昨天在北海成功捕鲸了一条小须鲸。He whaled the ball with all his might. 他使出全身力气猛击球。【常见搭配】 blue whale 蓝鲸a whale of a ... 极大（或极好）的... Have a whale of a time 玩得非常高兴 Eg: The blue whale is the largest living thing on the planet. 蓝鲸是地球上体型最大的生物。He told a whale of a story. 他讲了一个非常精彩的故事。The children had a whale of a time at the amusement park. 孩子们在游乐园玩得非常开心。【派生词】 whaler为名词，译为“捕鲸者”； whaling为名词，译为“捕鲸业”。 Eg: The old whaler shared his stories at sea. 这位老捕鲸人分享了他在海上的故事。Whaling was once a thriving industry. 捕鲸业曾经是一个蓬勃发展的行业。【即学即用】The camera captured a _______ (鲸鱼) diving deep into the ocean.蓝鲸可以长达三十米长。 The _______ ________ grows to over 30 meters long. 答案：1. whale 2. blue whaleBoiling (形容词) 很热的、滚热的【用法讲解】 boiling在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: The boiling water bubbled in the pot. 锅里的水沸腾冒泡。It’s boiling outside -- let’s stay indoors. 外面热得像蒸笼，我们待在屋里吧。【常见搭配】 boiling point 沸点 Boiling hot 滚烫的 Eg: Water reaches its boiling point at 100 ℃. 水在100 ℃时达到沸点。Be careful, the soup is boiling hot! 小心，汤烫极了！【派生词】 boiled为形容词，译为“煮沸的、煮熟的”； Boil为动词，译为“煮沸、烧开”。 Eg: I’d like to have some boiled water. 我想喝点开水。The water boiled for 10 minutes before it was ready to drink. 水煮了10分钟才适合饮用。【即学即用】The __________ (boil) water is ready for making tea. 答案：boilingChemical (名词) 化学物质【用法讲解】 chemical为可数名词，其复数形式为chemicals，还可译为“化学制品”；chemical还可为形容词，译为“化学的”。 Eg: Handle these chemicals with care. 小心处理这些化学品。This plant produces chemical fertilizers. 这家工厂生产化学肥料。【常见搭配】 chemical composition 化学成分 Eg: Scientists analyzed the chemical composition of the rock. 科学家分析了这块岩石的化学成分。【派生词】 chemistry为名词，译为“化学、化学反应”； chemist为名词，译为“化学家”。 Eg: She fell in love with chemistry in high school. 她在高中时爱上了化学。 The chemist discovered a new compound. 这位化学家发现了一种新化合物。【即学即用】This cleaner contains harmful ___________ (化学物质). 答案：chemicalsReact (动词) 起化学反应【用法讲解】 react还可译为“反应、回应、反对”。 Eg: Oxygen reacts with hydrogen to form water.氧和氢反应生成水。How did she react to the news? 她对这消息有何反应？The public reacted against the new policy. 公众反对新政策。【常见搭配】 react to sth. 对...的反应 React with sth. 与...发生化学反应 React against sth. 反对/反抗 Eg: He reacted calmly to the criticism. 他对批评反应冷静。The younger generation reacted against traditional rules. 年轻一代反抗传统规则。【派生词】 reaction为名词，译为“反应、回应”； reactive为形容词，译为“反应性的、被动的”。 Eg: His reaction to the news was surprisingly calm. 他对这个消息的反应出奇地平静。The material is highly reactive to heat. 这种材料对热高度敏感。【即学即用】Plants r________ to sunlight by growing toward it. 答案：reactEndless (形容词) 无数的、无限的【用法讲解】 endless还可译为“冗长的、没完没了的”，在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: The universe is endless. 宇宙是无限的。We were stuck in endless meeting all day. 我们一整天都在开没完没了的会议。【常见搭配】 endless loop 无限循环 Eg: The song played in an endless loop. 这首歌一直在无限循环播放。【派生词】 end为名词，译为“结束”； endlessly为副词，译为“无限地、持续不绝地”。 Eg: By the end of the day we were tired but happy. 一天结束时，我们很累，但很高兴。She talked endlessly about her trip to Europe. 她滔滔不绝地谈论她的欧洲之旅。【即学即用】Technology offers __________ (end) possibilities for innovation. 答案：endlessCountry (名词) 国、国家【用法讲解】 country为可数名词，其复数形式为countries，还可译为“（特定领域的）领域、界”。 Eg: Japan is an island country in East Asia. 日本是东亚的岛国。She reigns supreme in the country of fashion. 她在时尚界独占鳌头。【常见搭配】 developing/ developed country 发展中/发达国家 Across the country 全国范围内 Eg: Education is a priority in many developing countries. 教育在许多发展中国家是当务之急。The news spread quickly across the country. 这个消息在全国范围内快速传播。【即学即用】The new policy impacts every corner of the __________ (国家). 答案：countrySight (名词) 视力、视觉【用法讲解】 sight为不可数名词时，译为“视力、视野、视觉”；sight为可数名词时，译为“景象、名声”；sight还可为动词，译为“看见、发现”。 Eg: Eagles have excellent sight. 鹰的视力极佳。The Grand Canyon is a breathtaking sight. 大峡谷是令人惊叹的景观。The sailor sighted land at dawn. 水手在黎明时发现了陆地。【常见搭配】 at first sight 乍一看、初次见面 In sight 在视野内、即将发生 Out of sight 看不见、非常棒 Lose sight of 忽略、看不见 Sight test 视力检查 Catch sight of 突然看见 Eg: It was love at first sight. 那是一见钟情。The finish line is in sight. 终点线就在眼前。The plane flew out of sight. 飞机飞得看不见了。Don’t lose sight of your goals. 不要忽略你的目标。I need to book a sight test. 我需要预约视力检查。She caught sight of her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中突然看到了朋友。【派生词】 sightseeing为名词，译为“观光”； sightless为形容词，译为“失明的、看不见的”。 Eg: We spent the afternoon sightseeing in Paris.我们下午在巴黎观光。The sightless man navigated the room with his cane. 这位失明的男人用手杖在房间里摸索前行。【即学即用】把药放在孩子看不见的地方。 Keep the medicine _______ ______ ______ of children. 答案：out of sightAnybody (代词) 任何人【用法讲解】 anybody为不定代词，常用于否定句或疑问句中；somebody常用于肯定句中；anybody还可为名词，译为“普通人”，其对应词为somebody，译为“重要人物”；anybody作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 Eg: Is there anybody her who can speak French? 这里有会说法语的人吗？I didn’t see anybody at the party. 我在聚会上没看到任何人。He thinks he is somebody, but actually he’s just an anybody. 他自以为是个重要人物，但实际上他只是个普通人。【即学即用】_______ (be) anybody coming to the party? 答案：IsMagnifier (名词) 放大镜【用法讲解】 magnifier为可数名词，其复数形式为magnifiers。 Eg: She used a magnifier to read the tiny print. 她用放大镜阅读小字。【派生词】 magnify为动词，译为“放大、扩大、增强”； magnification为名词，译为“放大”。 Eg: His anxiety was magnified by the stressful situation.紧张的局面加剧了他的焦虑。The lens provides a magnification of 10x. 这个镜片的放大倍数为10倍。【即学即用】This __________ (放大镜) has 10x zoom for detailed inspection. 答案：magnifierWealth (名词) 财富【用法讲解】 wealth为不可数名词，还可译为“丰富、大量”。 Eg: He inherited great wealth from his family. 他从家族继承了巨额财富。The book provides a wealth of information. 这本书提供了大量信息。【常见搭配】 a wealth of ... 大量... Eg: The library offered a wealth of information.这个图书馆提供大量信息。【派生词】 wealthy为形容词，译为“富有的、富裕的”。 Eg: The wealthy businessman donated millions to charity. 这位富有的商人向慈善机构捐赠了数百万。【即学即用】The startup created _________ (财富) for its investors.She grew up in a __________ (wealth) family but remained humble. 答案：1. wealth 2. wealthyState (名词) 国家【用法讲解】 state为可数名词，其复数形式为states，还可译为“状态、州”；state还可为动词，译为“规定、公布、陈述、说明”。 Eg: What’s the state of your health? 你的健康状况如何？The United States is made up of fifty states. 美国由五十个州组成。The state provides many social welfare services. 政府提供许多社会福利服务。He stated his opinion clearly. 他清楚地陈述了自己的观点。The law states that all children must go to school. 法律规定所有儿童都必须尚需额。【常见搭配】 state of mind 心态、心理状态 In a state 处于某种状态、情绪激动 Make a statement 发表声明、表明态度 State the facts 陈述事实 It is stated that... 据说、据称 Eg: He was in a good state of mind before the exam. 考试前他心态很好。She is in a state after hearing the bad news. 听到这个坏消息后，她情绪很激动。The company will make a statement about the new product tomorrow. 公司明天将就新产品发表声明。You should state the facts clearly in your report. 你应该在报告中清楚地陈述事实。It is stated that the new product will be launched next month. 据说新产品将于下个月推出。【派生词】 statement为名词，译为“声明、陈述”；statistic为名词，译为“统计数字、统计学”。 Eg: He made a formal statement to the press. 他向新闻界发表了正式声明。The statistics show an increase in population. 统计数字显示人口有所增加。【即学即用】The patient’s s__________ is stable now.据说，这个城市的人口在过去十年里增长了一倍。 ______ _____ ______ ______ the population of this city has doubled in the past ten years. 答案： 1. state 2. It is stated thatPrize (名词) 奖品、奖赏【用法讲解】 prize作可数名词时，指“具体的奖品、奖赏或奖励”，其复数形式为prizes；prize作不可数名词时，指“价值、珍视”。 Eg: The winners received their prizes at the ceremony. 获奖者在仪式上领到了他们的奖品。 The prize of education is beyond measure. 教育的价值是无法衡量的。【常见搭配】 win first prize 赢得一等奖 A cash prize 现金奖励 Eg: He won first prize in the competition. 他在比赛中获得一等奖。 The winner will receive a cash prize of $10,000. 获胜者将获得10，000美元的现金奖励。【易混辨析】 award与prize区别： Award强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少； Prize多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖品。 Eg: He received an award for his outstanding contribution to science. 他因对科学的杰出贡献而获得了奖项。 She won a prize in the competition. 她在比赛中赢得了一个奖品【即学即用】我看到他获得一等奖很兴奋。 I am excited to see him _______ ______ ______. 答案：win first prizeHardly (副词) 几乎不【用法讲解】 hardly在句中常位于使役动词之前、助动词、情态动词之后。 Eg: I can hardly believe my eyes. 我几乎不敢相信自己的眼镜。【常见搭配】 hardly... when... 一...就... Can hardly wait to do sth. 迫不及待地想做某事 Eg: Hardly had I arrived at the station when the train left. 我刚到车站，火车就开了。I can hardly wait to see my old friends. 我迫不及待地想见到我的老朋友。【派生词】 hard形容词，译为“难的、坚固的、结实的”；也可为副词，译为“努力地、猛烈地”。Eg: It rained hard in the summer of 2021. 2021年夏天的那场雨下得很猛烈。It’s very hard to maintain a relationship. 维持一段关系是很困难的。After the earthquake, the new building is still standing there. It is very hard.地震过后，那座新的大楼依然屹立不倒，它很坚固。 Most importantly, you must work hard to catch up. 最为重要的是，你必须努力学习，迎头赶上。【常见搭配】 be hard to do sth. 做某事很难 Eg: Swimming is hard to learn for beginners. 游泳对初学者来说很难学。【即学即用】I _______ (hard) eat junk food these days. 答案：hardlyBelong (动词) 应在（某处）【用法讲解】 belong还可译为“属于、归...所有”。 Eg: This book belongs to me . 这本书是我的。The cups belong in the cupboard. 杯子应放在橱柜中。【常见搭配】 Belong to 属于注意：其主语常常为物，表示“某物归某人所有”； Belong to主语也可以为人，但此时belong to后需加地点，表示“某人属于某地”；belong to不可用被动语态。 Eg: I belong to Shanghai. 我是上海人。【派生词】 belonging为名词，译为“归属感、所有物”。 Eg: She found a sense of belonging in the new community. 她在新社区找到了归属感。【即学即用】这辆车是我父亲的。 The car ________ ______ my father. 答案：belongs toGranddaughter (名词) 孙女、外孙女【用法讲解】 granddaughter为可数名词，其复数形式为granddaughters。 Eg: My granddaughter just started kindergarten. 我的孙女刚上幼儿园。【即学即用】She is her grandfather’s beloved _________ (孙女). 答案：granddaughterSoftly (副词) 轻柔地、柔和地【用法讲解】 softly还可译为“柔软地、温和地”。 Eg: She sang softly to the baby. 她对着婴儿轻声唱歌。The fabric draped softly over her shoulders. 布料柔软地垂在她的肩上。“Try again,” the teacher said softly. “再试一次，”老师温和地说。【派生词】 soft为形容词，译为“温柔的”； softness为名词，译为“柔软、温和”； soften为动词，译为“使柔软、缓和”。 Eg: The baby’s skin is as soft as silk. 婴儿的皮肤像丝绸一样柔软。The softness of the blanket made it perfect for babies. 毯子的柔软度使其非常适合婴儿使用。Heat will soften the butter quickly. 加热会迅速软化黄油。【即学即用】Please close the door ________ (soft) when you leave. 答案：softly课文解析What do they have in common? 他们有什么共同之处？【用法讲解】 common为形容词，译为“普通的、常见的”；common还可作名词，译为“公共用地”。 Eg: It’s common to make a roast dinner on a Sunday here. 在这周日制作一顿烤肉晚餐很正常。 The children were playing in the common. 孩子们正在公共用地上玩耍。【常见搭配】 common sense 常识 Common people 普通人 Common interest 共同利益 Eg: Use your common sense. 用一用你的常识吧。 The purpose is to ensure a good service for the common people. 保证为人民服务宗旨的贯彻。 This is in the common interest of the third world. 这是第三世界的共同利益。【即学即用】他们有很多共同的兴趣。 They _______ many interests ______ _______. 答案：have; in commonWith an angry cry, it opens it mouth, raises its beautiful feather - covered arms 随着一声愤怒的嘶鸣，它张开嘴巴，抬起覆盖着羽毛的前肢【用法讲解】 With为介词，常见意思如下：(1)“和…一起” Eg: I go to school with Lily. 我和丽丽一起去上学。(2)“长着；戴着” Eg: The girl with big eyes is Lily. 长着大眼睛的女孩是丽丽。(3)“拿着” Eg: Our teacher goes into the classroom with a book. 我们的老师手里拿着书走进教室。(4)“用” Eg: She wrote the letter with a pencil. 她用铅笔写这封信。(5)“带有” Eg: I like drinking coffee with milk. 我喜欢喝加奶的咖啡。【易混辨析】 in，by和with在表示“使用”时区别 in后面常接某种语言，表示使用某种语言； by后接doing，表示通过某种方式或手段； with后接工具，表示使用某种工具或手段来进行某种活动。 Eg: I can read it in English. 我可以用英语来阅读它。I improve my English by reading aloud. 我通过大声朗读来提高我的英语。I cut paper with the knife. 我用刀切纸。【即学即用】( )1. He is always full of confidence ______ a smile on his face.with B. at C. on D. by答案： AFor hundreds of years, people believe that dinosaurs looked like huge lizards. 数百年来，人们一致认为恐龙看起来像巨大的蜥蜴。【用法讲解】 hundred为数词，译为“百”，hundred前接数字时，不可加s，表示“...百”；hundred后面可接of，此时必须加s，译为“数百的”；hundred修饰名词表示一笔金额时，谓语动词用单数。【常见搭配】 a hundred/ one hundred 一百 Two/ three... hundred 二/三...百 Hundreds of 数百的 Eg: We’ve driven two hundred miles in the last two hours.在过去的两个小时里，我们已经开了200英里。There are hundreds of people in the park. 公园里有数百人。Two hundred pounds is used for team building. 200美元用于团队建设。【知识拓展】 类似词语拓展 Thousand 千； million 百万； billion 十亿 注意：用法与hundred用法一致。 Eg: A thousand people signed the petition. 一千人在请愿书上签了名。 There are millions of people in the city. 这个城市有数百万人。【即学即用】There are eight __________ (hundred) in our school. 答案：hundredHowever, thanks to a piece of amber 然而，多亏了一块琥珀知识点一：【用法讲解】 thanks to译为“多亏、由于”，后常接名词、代词或动名词。 Eg: Thanks to your help, I finished the project on time. 多亏了你的帮助，我按时完成了项目。【知识拓展】 thanks for ... 为...而感谢 Eg: Thanks for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。【易混辨析】 thanks to与because of区别 Thanks to通常带有一种积极的、感谢的意味； Because of更中性，有时可能带有负面的意味。 Eg: Thanks to your advice, I avoided a big mistake. 对亏你的建议，我避免了打错。 Because of the bad weather, we had to cancel our plans. 由于天气不好，我们不得不取消计划。知识点二：不可数名词的量化：通常不可数名词没有复数形式，不能用a/an修饰，且不能用数词直接修饰。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数注意：不可数名词的量化具体的量：数词+表示数量的名词+of+不可数名词；如：a piece of paper 一张纸；three kilos of rice 三公斤大米大概的量：表示量的限定词+不可数名词（用some, much, little, a little, a lot of等表示）；如：some water 一些水；a lot of money 许多钱【知识拓展】 a piece of cake还可译为“小事一桩、小菜一碟”。 Eg: This test was a piece of cake. I didn’t have to study so much! 这次考试是小菜一碟，我用不着学那么多。【即学即用】多亏了她的努力工作，她得到晋升。 _______ _______ her hard work, she got the promotion.( )2. I need some _______. Can I borrow some?piece of paper B. piece of papers C. pieces of papers D. pieces of paper 答案： 1. Thanks to 2. DThis species no longer grows in this area. 这个物种如今已不在该地区生长。【用法讲解】 no longer译为“不再...”，强调从过去到现在的一种变化；其中not为否定词，位于be动词、情态动词及助动词之后。 Eg: I no longer play tennis. 我不再打网球了。【同义词组】 Not... any longer = no more 不再 Eg: I don’t eat fast food any more. = I don’t eat fast food any longer. = I no more eat fast food. 我不再吃快餐了。【即学即用】( )1. It is not polite for students to shout in class. Miss Green told them ________ do that _______.Don’t; any longer B. to not; no longer C. not to; any more D. doesn’t; no more2. 你已经长大了，不再是一个孩子了。 You have grown up, you are ______ _______ a child.答案： 1. C 2. no longerScientists used to believe that ants came from the northern half of the earth. 科学家们过去认为蚂蚁起源于地球的北半球。【用法讲解】 Use为动词译为“使用”。【常见搭配】 it’s useful to do sth. 做某事是有用的。use sth. to do sth. “用某物做某事” Make good use of ... 充分利用... Be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 Used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事Eg: It's useful to learn English well. 学好英语是有用的。I use a pen to write this letter. “我用钢笔写这封信。” We must make good use of our free time. 我们必须好好利用我们的空闲时间。 Cotton is used to make cloth. 棉花被用来织布。 The old man used to live in the country, but now he is used to living in the city. 这位老人过去常常住在乡下，但是现在他习惯住在城市。【派生词】 useful为形容词，译为“有用的”； useless为形容词，译为“无用的”。 Eg: This book is useful. 这本书很有用。【即学即用】You can use this knife ________ (cut) the bread.( )2. My father ________ smoke a lot, but now he doesn’t.used to B. is used to C. gets used to D. used 答案：1. to cut 2. AWill scientists find the reason for dinosaurs dying out? 科学家会找到恐龙灭绝的原因吗？die为动词，译为“死去、去世”。【常见搭配】 die from 死于（外部原因） Die of 死于（内部原因） Die for ... 为...而死 Die out 灭绝 Die away 逐渐消失 Eg: He died from a heart attack. 他死于心脏病。She died of cancer. 她死于癌症。Many soldiers died for their country. 许多士兵为国捐躯。Many species are dying out due to habitat loss. 许多物种因栖息地丧失而灭绝。The sound of the waves died away as we waled further into the forest.随着我们走进森林，海浪的声音逐渐消失了。【易混辨析】 die、dead、dying、death区别 die为动词，译为“死亡”； Dead为形容词，译为“已故的、死的”； dying为形容词，译为“奄奄一息的”； death为名词，译为“死亡”。 Eg: His father died last year. 他的父亲去年去世了。The cat is dead. 猫死了。A dying man is lying on the street. 一个奄奄一息的人躺在街上。His mother’s death was a great shock to him. 他母亲的去世对他是一个巨大的打击。【即学即用】They are still grieving for their _______ (die) child.( )2. The old man died _______ heart trouble.of B. from C. with D. by答案： 1. dead 2. AThese secrets awaken our curiosity and drive scientists to better understand the wonders around us. 这些秘密唤醒了我们的好奇心，驱使科学家们去更好地理解我们周围的奇迹。【用法讲解】 drive作名词时，还可译为“迫使”；drive还可为动词，译为“驾驶、驾车、推动”，其过去式为drove，过去分词为driven。 Eg: She has a drive to succeed. 她有成功的冲动。I went for a drive in the countryside. 我开车去乡下。She drives a car to work every day. 我每天开车上班。The farmer drove the cattle to the field. 农民把牛赶到田野。The team is driven to complete the project on time. 团队致力于按时完成项目。【常见搭配】 have a drive for ... 对...有冲劲、有对...的本能需求drive sb. crazy/ mad 使某人发疯或抓狂 Drive sb. away 赶走某人 Drive home sth. 强调某点 Drive out sth. 消除或根除某物 Take a drive 短途驾驶 Eg: Tom has a strong drive for knowledge, so he always studies hard. 汤姆对知识有强烈的冲劲，所以他总是努力学习。The constant delays are driving me mad! 不断的延误快把我逼疯了！High prices drove away potential buyers. 高价吓退了潜在买家。She drove home the need for teamwork. 她反复强调团队合作的必要性。Efforts to drive out invasive species continue. 根除外来入侵物种的努力持续进行。We took a drive to watch the sunset. 我们开车去看日落。【派生词】 driver为名词，译为“司机”。 Eg: The bus driver asked them to move along. 公共汽车司机让他们往里走走。【即学即用】有时金钱可以让人疯狂，甚至毁掉他们。 Sometimes money can _______ _______ ________ and even kill them.The ________ (drive) sits at the front of the bus. 答案：1. drive people crazy 2. driverWhat do the local people do with it? 当地人如何处理它？【用法讲解】 do with为动词短语，表示处理、应对或解决某种问题或情况，常与疑问词what连用；其同义词组为deal with，deal with与疑问词how连用。 Eg: How are you going to deal with these books? = What are you going to do with these books?你打算怎么处理这些书？【即学即用】我不知道如何处理这辆车？ I don’t know what to _______ ______ the car. 答案： do withI’m curious about the possible reasons. 我对可能的原因很好奇。【用法讲解】 curious为形容词，译为“好奇的”，在句中常作定语和表语。 Eg: She is a curious child, always asking questions. 她是个好奇的孩子，总是问个不停。Babies are curious about everything around them. 宝宝对周围的一切都很好奇。【常见搭配】 be curious about ... 对...感到好奇的 Be curious to do sth. 很想做某事 Be curious that从句 奇怪的是... Eg: I’m curious about your plans for the future. 我对你未来的计划感到好奇。He was curious to know the result of the exam. 他很想指导考试的结果。It’s curious that he didn’t show up for the meeting. 奇怪的是他没有出席会议。【派生词】 curiosity为不可数名词，译为“好奇心”。 Eg: Her curiosity about the world never ceases. 她对世界的好奇心从未停止。【即学即用】I’m ________ (curiosity) about your opinion on this matter. 答案：curiousNature presents us with endless wonders. 大自然向我们展现着无尽的奇迹。【用法讲解】 present作动词，译为“赠送、出现、介绍、提交”等；present作可数名词时，译为“礼物”，其复数形式为presents；present为不可数名词时，译为“现在”，常与定冠词the连用；present还可为形容词，译为“出席的、目前的”；。 Eg: We live in the present, not in the past. 我们活在当下，而不是过去。I bought him a present for his birthday. 我为他生日买了礼物。There were 100 people present at the meeting. 有100人出席会议。The present situation is very serious. 目前的情况非常严重。He presented her with a bouquet of flowers. 他送给他伊苏鲜花。Please present yourself at the reception desk. 请到接待处报到。Let me present you to the president. 让我向你介绍一下总统。He will present his final report to the committee. 他将向委员会提交他最后的报告。【常见搭配】 at present 目前 For the present 暂时 Present sb. with sth. 赠送某人某物 Be present at... 出席、参加 Eg: At present, we are focusing on this project. 目前，我们正在专注于这个项目。We will use this method for the present. 我们将暂时使用这种方法。He presented her with a beautiful vase. 他送给她一个漂亮的花瓶。Many important people were present at the conference. 许多重要人物出席了这次会议。【派生词】 presentation为名词，译为“展示、介绍、报告”； presenter为名词，译为“主持人、展示者”。 Eg: He gave a wonderful presentation at the meeting. 他在会议上做了一个精彩的报告。 The presenter of the TV show is very popular. 这个电视节目的主持人很受欢迎。【即学即用】I got a nice ________ (礼物) on my birthday. 答案：presentBut one person took his interest all the way to the fields. 但有一个人将他的兴趣一直延伸到了田野之中。【用法讲解】 interest为不可数名词，译为“兴趣、利息”；interest还可为动词，译为“使感兴趣”。 Eg: He has interest in photograph. 他对摄影感兴趣。The bank offers a high interest rate on savings. 银行提供高利率的储蓄。The new technology interests many people. 新技术引起了很多人的兴趣。【派生词】 interesting为形容词，译为“使人感兴趣的”，常常用来修饰物； Interested为形容词，译为“感兴趣的”，常常用来修饰人。 Eg: This book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。【常见搭配】 take an interest in ... = be interested in ... 对...感兴趣 Show interest in ... 表现出对...的兴趣 Place of interest 名胜 （复数形式places of interest） Eg: She takes an interest in history. = She is interested in history. 她对历史很感兴趣。He showed interest in learning new languages. 他表现出学习语言的兴趣。Don’t you think it’s a good place of interest here? 难道你不认为这里是不错的名胜吗？【即学即用】He is _________ (interest) in this book because it helps him know more about the mystery of the nature. 答案：interestedTo carry out his research, he spent years in wild mountains and forests. 为了开展研究，他在荒山野林里度过了多年时光。【用法讲解】 carry out为动词短语，译为“执行、实施、进行、履行”。 Eg: The soldiers carried out the orders without hesitation. 士兵们毫不犹豫地执行了命令。Scientists will carry out experiments to test the theory. 科学家将进行实验验证该理论。He always carries out his promises. 他总是履行诺言。【即学即用】这个团队成功地执行了这个任务。 The team _______ _______ the mission successful. 答案：carried outHe lost sight in his right eye at the age of 83. 83岁时，他右眼失明。【用法讲解】 age为名词，译为“年龄、时代、时期、寿命”等；age也可为动词，译为“变老、成熟、陈化”等。 Eg: I’m 30 years of age. 我30岁了。The Industrial Age brought about significant changes in society and technology. 工业时代给社会和技术带来了巨大变革。The average age of cars on the road is steadily falling. 路上行驶汽车的平均使用年限稳步下降。The death of his wife caused him to age rapidly. 他妻子的去世使他迅速变老。Wine improves with age. 葡萄酒越陈越香。【常见搭配】 at the age of ... 在...岁 Old age 老年 Eg: He started to learn English at the age of 6. 他六岁开始学英语。 She remained active in her old age. 她在老年时仍然很活跃。【即学即用】这只小狗在2岁时重2公斤。 The puppy weighed 2 kg ______ ______ ______ ______ 2. 答案： at the ages of Despite his huge success, Wang seldom thought about personal honour or wealth. 尽管成就斐然，王文采却很少考虑个人荣誉或财富。【用法讲解】 知识点一：honour在表示“荣誉、尊严”时为不可数名词，honour在表示“奖项、头衔或具体荣誉事或人”时为可数名词，其复数形式为honours；honour还可为动词，译为“给...荣耀”。 Eg: To lose honour is worse than to lose life. 失去荣誉比失去生命更重要。 It's a great honour to receive that prize. 能获得那个奖是极大的荣耀。 We should honour our heroes who sacrificed for the country. 我们应该尊敬为国家牺牲的英雄们。【常见搭配】 in honour of ... 为向...表示敬意、为纪念、为庆祝... Have the honour of doing/ to do sth. 有荣幸做某事 Honour an agreement 履行协议 Honour a commitment 信守承诺 On one’s honour 以名誉担保 Guest of honour 主宾 Honour student 优等生 Eg: They held a party in honour of their teacher’s retirement. 他们为庆祝老师的退休举办了一个派对。May I have the honour of dancing with you? = May I have the honour to dance with you? 你能有幸和你跳支舞吗？Both parties should honour the agreement to ensure the smooth progress of the project. 双方都应该履行协议，以确保项目的顺利进行。A man of honour would always honour his commitment. 一个有荣誉感的人总是会信守自己的承诺。I’m on my honour not to reveal the secret. 我以名誉担保不泄密。The guest of honour arrived late. 主宾到场较晚。She was named an honour student this year. 她今年被评为优等生。【派生词】 honourable为形容词，译为“可敬的、值得尊敬的”； dishonour为动词，译为“使蒙羞、使丢脸”。 Eg: He is an honourable man who always keeps his promises. 他是个可敬的人，总是信守诺言。His dishonest behaviour dishonoured his family. 他的不诚实行为使他的家庭蒙羞。知识点二：success为不可数名词，译为“成功、胜利、成就”。 Eg: Confidence is the key to success. 信心是成功的关键。【常见搭配】 the key to success 成功的秘诀succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 Succeed to sth. 继承某物 Succeed after sth. 接替某物 Be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事 Eg: Do you know the key to success? 你知道成功的秘诀吗？ He succeed in passing the exam. 他成功地通过了考试。 She succeeded to the mayoralty. 她继承了市长职位。We succeeded after Churchill as Prime Minister? 谁接替邱吉尔出任首相？They were successful in winning the contract. 他们终于争取了那份合同。【派生词】 succeed为动词，译为“成功、继承”； successful为形容词，译为“成功的”。 Eg: His plan succeeded. 他的计划成功了。 She is a successful actress. 她是一名成功的演员。【即学即用】雕像为纪念科学家而立。 The statue was erected ______ ______ ______ the scientist.The soldier fought with courage and _________ (荣誉感).( )3. The girl had a great _______ in yesterday’s singing competition.success B. succeed C. successful D. successfully 答案：1. in honour of 2. honour 3. A He hardly mentioned it. 他几乎从不提及。【用法讲解】 mention为动词，译为“提及”；mention还可为名词，译为“提及、说起”。 Eg: John mentioned her name in the speech. 约翰在演讲中提到了她的名字。Don’t mention it before the children. 不要在孩子面前提及此事。The report makes a detailed mention of the challenges faced by the company. 这份报告详细提到了公司面临的挑战。【常见搭配】 mention sth. to sb. = mention to sb. that从句 向某人提及某物 Mention doing sth. 提及做某事 Don’t mention it. 不客气。 Make a mention of... 提到、提及 Without mention 未提及、没有说到 Eg: He didn’t mention anything to me. 他没有向我提到任何事。She mentioned to me that she was going on vacation. 她向我提及她要去度假。She mentioned doing her homework every day. 她提到她每天做作业。In his speech, he made a mention of the environmental problems. 在他的演讲中，他提到了环境问题。He left the room without mention of where he was going. 他离开了房间，没有说他要去哪里。【即学即用】He mentioned _________ (visit) Paris last year. 答案： visitingPlants grow and sleep with the seasons. So did Professor Wang. 植物随着季节生长和休眠。王教授也是如此。【用法讲解】“so + 倒装语序”，即“so + 助动词/ be动词/ 情态动词 + 主语”，译为“.…..也是” 主语指不同的人；“so + 陈述语序”，即“so + 主语 + 助动词/ be动词/ 情态动词”，译为“.…..的确如此”，主语指相同的人；“neither/ nor + 倒装语序”，译为“.…..也不”Eg: --He can play the piano. –So can I . -- 他会弹钢琴。 -- 我也会。--He always studies hard. –So he does.-- 他一直努力来学习。 -- 他确实如此。--They aren’t from America. –Neither am I .-- 他们不来自美国。 -- 我也不是。【即学即用】( )1. -- Tom will have a birthday party next Sunday. Do you want to go? -- If you go, _______.so I will B. so will I C. neither will I D. neither I will.答案：BInstead, they got to listen to Beethoven’s Pastoral Symphony. 相反，他们听到了贝多芬的《田园交响曲》。【用法讲解】 instead常位于句首或句末，表示与上文提到的行为或事物相反， 位于句首时需用逗号分开。 Eg: The movie was sold out. Instead, we went bowling. 电影票卖光了，我们改去打保龄球。He forgot his keys and used a card instead. 他忘了带钥匙，改用卡片开门。【常见搭配】 Instead of 代替...、而不是... Eg: The room felt cold instead of cozy. 房间感觉很冷，而不是舒适。【易混辨析】 instead与instead of区别 instead为独立副词，修饰动词或句子，位于句首或句尾，后面无需接任何成分； Instead of为介词短语，必须接宾语，位置比较灵活，后面可接名词、代词、动名词、介词短语 。 Eg: He didn’t drink tea. He drank coffee instead. 他不喝茶改喝咖啡了。I use honey instead of sugar. 我用蜂蜜代替糖。【即学即用】( )1. We have lessons in the classroom ______ the playground.instead B. instead of C. rather than D. than答案：B语法解析宾语从句（一）（一）定义：放在动词后面的句子，称为“宾语从句”。（二）可分为三类：一类是that引导的宾语从句；一类是whether/ if引导的宾语从句；一类是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。（三）that引导的宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词是that，当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望”、“相信：”、“知道”或“说”时，后面的句子一般用that引导，that没有任何意义。只有语法功能，目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句，that可省略。接that引导的宾语从句的动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。引导that用于下列情况时不可省略：（1）当宾语从句的主语是that时，Eg: He says that that is a useful book. 他说那是一本有用的书。（2）当从句前有插入语时Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China. 卡片上说，它是中国制造。（3）当宾语从句中含主从复合句时Eg: I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it. 我害怕如果你丢了它，你必须付款。（4）当两个或多个宾语从句由 并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可省略外，其余从句中的that都不可省略Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.他说电影非常有趣，他非常非常喜欢看它。2.宾语从句的时态：（1）主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定Eg: I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给我一本书。He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow. 他告诉我他明天将动身去纽约。（2）如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 他告诉我他将参加跳高。（3）宾语从句表客观事实或真理，从句始终用一般现在时Eg: He told me that the earth is round. 他告诉我地球是圆的。注意：宾语从句中，当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等时，要否定前移。Eg: I don’t think he is a good student. 我觉得他是不是一个好学生。（四）whether/ if 引导的宾语从句：whether/ if译为“是否”（宾语从句时一般疑问句时，用whether/ if引导，但不可省略，在从句中不作句子成分,译为“是否”）Eg: I want to know whether/ if my sister is waiting for me at the school gate. 我想要知道我姐姐是否在校门口等我。注意：由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来，需将疑问句改为陈述句语序。whether与if可互换，但只能用whether,不用if的情况如下：1.引导介词的宾语从句：Eg: I’m not angry about whether he will pass the exam. 我对他是否通过考试不生气。2.直接与or not连用时Eg: I’m not sure whether his answer is right or not. 我不确定他的答案是否正确。写作本单元写作主题为“探索大自然”内容：讲述自然探索者的故事；介绍探索自然的经历；通过探索经历反思人与自然的关系。例如：介绍自然探索者袁隆平常用句型Most people get interested and ask questions. But one person took his interest all the way to the fields.Have you ever heard of Yuan Longping?Throughout his life, Yuan Longping worked hard to research the hybrid rice.To carry out his research, he spent years in the fields.But he seldom thought about personal honour or wealth.Although he passed away, his spirit still lives in our heart.写作模板审人称：第三人称 2. 审体裁：记叙文 3. 审时态：一般过去时 范文 Yuan Longping was born in Beijing on September 7th, 1930. He took his interest all the way to the science and nature. After graduating from Southwest University in 1953, he decided to explore nature and do research on the hybrid rice. Throughout his life, Yuan Longping worked hard to research hybrid rice. He worked in the fields and finally achieved success. Though facing many challenges, Yuan never stopped his work. Yuan is also known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice” because of his contribution. But Yuan seldom thought about personal honour or wealth. I think we should learn from hi spirit of hard work and lifelong exploration and make a positive contribution to our society.