2026中考英语二轮复习专题05 构词法（课件+配套练习含原卷与解析版）（全国通用）

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词类的构成考点主要分布在语法填空中，懂得词类的构成对我们平时学习英语帮助极大。对我们的阅读大有帮助。 
1. （江苏泰州）Beijing, the capital f China, is wrld’s ________ (ne) city t hst Olympic Games twice.【答案】first【解析】句意：中国首都北京是世界上第一个两次举办奥运会的城市。根据“city t hst Olympic Games twice”可知，此处是指第一个两次举办奥运会的城市，表示顺序用序数词first“第一”。故填first。
2. （江苏泰州）With the ________ (develp) f the sciety, mre and mre peple devte their energy t charity.【答案】develpment【解析】句意：随着社会的发展，越来越多的人将精力投入到慈善事业中。空格位于“the”和“f”之间，用名词形式develpment“发展”，固定短语with the develpment f“随着……的发展”。故填develpment。3. （2023·江苏泰州）Audibks(有声读物) are s welcme that the number f the listeners is increasing ________ (rapid).【答案】rapidly【解析】句意：有声读物是如此受欢迎，听众的数量正在增加。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填rapidly。
（2023·深圳一模）Hw much d yu knw abut Wushu? Wushu, als knwn as martial arts, is ne f the earliest ___36___ (sprt) in China. It uses bth bdy and brain. What’s mre, Wushu is an utstanding example f ___37___ (traditin) Chinese culture. It can explain ___38___ Chinese peple understand the wrld. Over its lng histry, Wushu ___39___ (develp) int a special unity f exercise, self-prtectin and art.As a sprt and ___40___ artistic frm, Wushu wins great ppularity in China. In Shenzhen, sme schls have Wushu classes fr kids. Every training ___41___ (require) students t take it seriusly. Only by training hard can they build up ___42___ (they) bdies and meet the challenges in the future.As a cmpetitive sprt with great fitness value, Wushu has spread ___43___ (wide) acrss the wrld. Bruce Lee helped make Wushu wrld-famus. Thanks t him, the wrd “kung fu” appeared in many freign language dictinaries. Many Chinese have set up Wushu schls utside China, prviding peple ___44___ the chance t experience the fantastic sprt. During the Hangzhu Asian Games in 2023, mre peple were able ___45___ (enjy) the beauty f Wushu.【答案】36. sprts 37. traditinal 38. hw 39. has develped 40. an 41. requires 42. their 43. widely 44. with 45. t enjy37题和43题都是词形变化题
由两个或多个单词连在一起合成一个新词，这种构词法叫作合成法，合成的词叫作合成词。初中阶段最常见的合成词是名词，如：hmewrk作业ntebk笔记本 schlbag书包 basketball篮ftball足球playgrund操场 birthday生日 pstcard明信片weekend周末bathrm浴室 bedrm卧室 classrm教室fireman消防员pliceman警察 pstman邮递员 rainbw彩虹spaceship宇宙飞船 spacesuit宇航服 snwman雪人 gentleman绅士
核心考点提炼·考向探究
其他常用的合成词：everyday每天的 hard-wrking努力的nline在线的 utdrs在户外 utside在外面 anybdy/anyne任何人 anything 任何事（物） anywhere任何地方 everybdy/everyne每个人 everything所有事（物） smebdy/smene某人 smething某事（物） smewhere某处nbdy没人 nthing没有事（物） nwhere无处 everywhere处处，到处
由一个词加上前缀或后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。1. 前缀：通常变词义，不变词性
2. 后缀：通常变词性（1）常用的形容词后缀
（4）常用的副词后缀
（三）转化法一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。
1. There are many freign (visit) in ur schl tday. 2. It’s very kind f yu t help me with my English with great . (patient)3. Pr little girl! It is fr her t suffer s much. Let’s give her a hand. (fair)4. Mzart was a famus (music) in the wrld.5. Yu shuld take an active part in the (discuss).
【答案】1.visitrs 2.patience 3.unfair 4.musician 5.discussin