高考英语二轮-语法填空之攻克动词时态与语态核心堡垒（重难专练）（北京专用）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-语法填空之攻克动词时态与语态核心堡垒（重难专练）（北京专用）（学生版），共8页。

考点一：考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示。
1. （2025·北京·高考真题）Hwever, accrding t a reprt by the Wrld Wildlife Fund, turists ______ (leave) ver 1.3 billin tns f fd waste last year.
【答案】left
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：然而，根据世界自然基金会的一份报告，游客去年留下了超过 13 亿吨的食物垃圾。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语last year可知，应用一般过去时，主语turists和所给动词之间是主动关系，应用一般过去时的主动语态。故填left。
（2024·北京·高考真题）On April 5, 2024, Jhn Tinniswd ______ (name) the wrld’s ldest living man.
【答案】was named
【解析】句意：2024 年 4 月 5 日，约翰・廷尼斯伍德被命名为世界上最长寿的在世男性。时间状语“On April 5, 2024”提示一般过去时，主语与name为被动关系，用被动语态。故填was named。
3.（2023·北京·高考真题）Up t nw, China ______ (establish) a number f prtected areas with mangrves.
【答案】has established
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了多个红树林保护区。根据“Up t nw”可知，此处应用现在完成时。establish意为“建立”，主语China和所给动词为主动关系。故填has established。
考点二：考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示。
4.（2025·北京·高考真题）By the time yu brushed yur teeth, yu ______ (make) several decisins even withut nticing.
【答案】had made
【解析】句意：到你刷牙的时候，你已经不知不觉做出了好几个决定。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。“By the time+一般过去时从句”，主句用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”完成的动作。
考点三：考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。
5. （2021·北京·高考真题）As it ______ (cnnect) things，yur brain turns them int a stry,and yu get a dream.
【答案】cnnects
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当大脑将事物联系起来时，它会把这些事物编成一个故事，于是你就做了一个梦。as 引导时间状语从句，表 “当…… 时”，时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则，此处主句 “yur brain turns...” 和 “yu get...” 均为一般现在时，描述客观存在的生理规律。
考点四：考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。
6.（2024·北京·高考真题）My heart went ut t him, and I ______ (jg) ver t him.
【答案】jgged
【解析】考查时态。句意：我很同情他，于是慢跑着向他走去。。根据went可知，本句为一般过去时。故填jgged。
7.（2023·北京·高考真题）Sn after mving t Switzerland, I ______ (thrw) a huse-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests shwed up exactly n time.
【答案】threw
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我举办了一场乔迁派对，当 30 位客人全都准时到场时，我感到非常惊讶。后文shwed up为一般过去时，此处保持时态一致，用thrw的过去式threw。
考点五：考查动词时态语态用法，且注意文章体裁对应的常见时态。
8.（2022·北京·高考真题）Gas naturally ______ (have) n recgnisable smell.
【答案】has
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：气体本身没有可辨识的气味。说明文用于陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语gas与谓语动词为主动关系，是不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填has。
（建议用时：15分钟）
【类型一：动词时态和主谓一致】
1．（2025·北京朝阳·一模）In 2024, as the yungest cmpetitr n Hainan’s team, Zhu ____________ (participate) in the ccnut tree climbing cmpetitin at the Natinal Traditinal Games f Ethnic Minrities.
2．（2025 全国I卷）Over the past several mnths, the cmpany ____________ (cnduct) a deeper study.
3．As we knw, China’s Belt and Rad Initiative ____________ (mtivate) mre cuntries t cperate mre clsely s far.
4．In the past decades, China’s transprt ____________ (achieve) significantly s that Chinese peple have access t varius ways f traveling.
5．（2025·北京海淀·一模）Peple will act if the challenge ____________ (feel) persnal — nt just abut the planet, plar bears, r humanity as a whle.
【类型二：过去时态综合练（一般过去时+过去进行时+过去完成时+过去将来时）】
6．Last year, the tennis player _____________ (withdraw) frm several turnaments due t injury.
7．（2025·北京朝阳·一模）Hwever, she had never imagined her childhd game ____________ (becme) an fficial event at a natinal cmpetitin ne day.
【类型三：各种形式被动语态微练】
8．（2025·北京海淀·一模）Messages are mre effective when they ____________ (deliver) in engaging ways t truly resnate with everyne.
9．（2025·北京东城·一模）Three human caretakers f each dg ____________ (ask) t recrd their vices.
10．（2025·北京朝阳·二模）Thanks t her lifetime dedicatin t the field, Tang ____________ (hnr) with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translatin in 2024.
（建议用时：15分钟）
【类型一：动词时态和主谓一致】
1．（2025·北京海淀·一模）Early in his career, hwever, he ____________ (face) cnstant rejectins and financial struggles.
2．（2025 全国I卷）It is the secnd time in a rw that Suzhu ____________ (tp) the ranking.
3．（2025·北京海淀·二模）Many f these frgtten cntacts are ld friends that ____________ (fade) frm yur life fr n particular reasn fr sme time.
4．The seaprt, situated at the muth f the Yangtze river, ____________ (grw) t cver an area f 1.5 square miles since it was pened in 1842.
【类型二：过去时态综合练（一般过去时+过去进行时+过去完成时+过去将来时）】
5．His mther said that she _____________ (check) his hmewrk at that time.
6．（2025·北京海淀·二模）During his trip, he ____________ (visit) majr sutheastern castal cities f China, amng which Shanghai and Hangzhu left a deep impressin n him.
7．Our headmaster said that there _____________ (be) a sprts meeting next mnth.
8．It was the furth time she _____________ (shp) nline fr hurs.
9．By Aug 19, Haihua Island _____________ (receive) ver 1 millin turists during the summer vacatin.
【类型三：各种形式被动语态微练】
10．Up till nw, this practice_____________ (use) fr treating patients.
11．It is mre cnvenient fr peple t get t Shanghai Museum which _____________ (lcate) in the center f the city.

（建议用时：15分钟）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Passage 1
As the wrld is becming mre digital, the imprtance f infrmatin security cannt be ignred. Currently, many cuntries 1 (take) measures t prtect their nline systems. Fr example, gvernments are investing heavily in advanced technlgies 2 (prevent) cyberattacks. At the same time, individuals 3 (encurage) t imprve their awareness f nline safety. The 4 (grw) number f cyber threats has made it essential fr everyne t stay alert. By wrking tgether, we can create a safer digital envirnment fr all.
Passage 2
Huang Xuhua (1924.2-2025.2) was ne f the 5 (quiet) yet mst remarkable natinal heres. During the early hard years, he 6 (cnduct) research n China’s nuclear submarine all year rund. Fr 30 years when he was even absent frm family letters, he had made huge sacrifices. 7 (respect) widely, he was named the man wh built the underwater Great Wall. His selfless dedicatin and utstanding cntributins will always be remembered.
Passage 3
Every culture has unique scial custms, ften leading t surprises. Last year, in Suth Krea, I 8 (give) a wrapped gift and learned it’s plite t pen gifts privately. In cntrast, in Brazil, hsts pen birthday gifts immediately. These shw hw cultural custms vary in large 9 (quantity). Over the years, I 10 (learn) that understanding these differences can help avid misunderstandings frm diverse backgrunds.
考点
五年考情（2021-2025）
命题趋势
考点1考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示
（5年6考）
2025北京卷—are achieved
2025北京卷—left
2024北京卷—was named
2023北京卷—has established
2022北京卷—has increased
2021北京卷—has been
1.重点考查掌握一般过去时和现在完成时的时间状语标志。
2.间或考查固定句型中的时态和语态，如It is the first time that…等。
3.考查主从复合句时态照应问题。
4.考查充分利用前后句和上下句语篇逻辑关系判断动词时态语态。
5.考查根据文章体裁确定正确的时态和语态。
6.考查运用关键词和特定语境综合判断动词时态语态能力。
考点2考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示
（5年2考）
2025北京卷—had made;
2023北京卷—had arrived
考点3考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应
（5年1考）
2021北京卷—cnnects
考点4考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态
（5年3考）
2024北京卷—jgged
2023北京卷—threw
考点5考查动词时态语态用法，且注意文章体裁对应的常见时态
（5年1考）
2022北京卷—has
与一般过去时连用的典型时间状语
1. yesterday类：yesterday、the day befre yesterday、yesterday mrning/afternn/evening…
2. last类：last Friday、last week、last mnth、last summer、last year…
3. ag类：ten minutes ag、five hurs ag、tw weeks ag、three years ag…
4. 固定短语类：the ther day、just nw…
5. in+过去时间：in 1976、in 2016、in the 19th century、in the past…
与现在完成时连用的典型标志
1.副词类：befre、already、just、never、ever、yet、lately、recently…
2.“段时”短语类：hw lng、since+过去时间点、fr+一段时间…
3.“过去一段”短语类：in/during the past five days，ver the last few years…
4. “迄今为止”短语类：s far, up t/till/until nw, t date
5.句型类：It is the first time that…; the best/mst +名词+that…
“主将从现”
1. 含义：主句用一般将来时（will d/be ging t d），从句用一般现在时表将来，多用于条件状语从句和时间状语从句。
2. 常见结构：
1）条件状语从句（引导词：if/unless/as lng as/n cnditin that 等）
2）时间状语从句（引导词：when/as/befre/after/until/till 等）
3）让步状语从句（引导词：even if/even thugh）
3. 注意事项：此规则仅适用于 “从句表将来” 的情况，若从句表客观事实，仍用一般现在时（如 If the sun rises, it gets bright.）。
常见文体对应的时态
1. 说明文—现在范畴的时态（如：一般现在时，现在完成时）。
2. 记叙文—过去范畴的时态（如：一般过去时，过去完成时）。