高考英语一模突破卷02（全国一卷）（考试版）

这是一份高考英语一模突破卷02（全国一卷）（考试版），共14页。
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. What will the man drink?
A. Cffee.B. Tea.C. Orange juice.
2. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Upset.B. Excited.C. Determined.
3. What des the man advise the wman t d?
A. Drink sme water.B. Get sme rest.C. G fr a walk.
4. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a restaurant.B. In a car.C. At hme.
5. Why did the man resign?
A. He culdn’t get a pay raise.
B. He had a heavy wrklad.
C. He disliked the new psitin.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What breed f dg is Fu Zai?
A. A crgi.B. A labradr.C. A German shepherd.
7. Hw lng was Fu Zai trained befre he became a plice dg?
A. Abut tw mnths.B. Abut fur mnths.C. Abut six mnths.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What time is it nw?
A. 4:45 p.m.B. 5:15 p.m.C. 5:30 p.m.
9. What relatin is the man t the wman?
A. Her friend.B. Her father.C. Her brther.
10. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A space explratin breakthrugh.
B. A brand’s special prmtin.
C. A new ckie-making recipe.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What did the man’s grandma d befre retirement?
A. A psychlgist.B. An engineer.C. A gardener.
12. What d we knw abut the man’s grandpa?
A. He enjys his hbby alne.
B. He values his family a lt.
C. He has a strng scial netwrk.
13. What is the wman’s attitude twards the thery?
A. She ttally agrees with it.
B. She wants t study mre f it.
C. She desn’t think much f it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What did Kacey d when she was 18?
A. She tk part in a cntest.B. She released Glden Hur.C. She wrte a cwgirl sng.
15. Why is Deeper Well special t Kacey?
A. It wn her fur Grammys.
B. It has made her famus.
C. It sld 66,000 cpies in a day.
16. Where did Kacey create Deeper Well?
A. In Washingtn DC.B. In Texas.C. In New Yrk.
17. What des Deeper Well discuss?
A. Teenage feelings.B. Reflectin n adult life.C. Wrld-self relatinship.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. In which year was the Internatinal Day f Mathematics established?
A. 1931.B. 1988.C. 2019.
19. What d German students d t celebrate Pi Day?
A. Create pi-related art.B. Recite the digits f pi.C. Thrw pie at each ther.
20. What is the speaker ding at the end f the talk?
A. Guiding a museum tur.B. Recmmending a bk.C. Intrducing a lecturer.
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
We’re happy t intrduce News fr Classrm Use: a weekly newsletter with a piece f news and activities based n it which yu can use as a warm-up, a filler r a wrap-up task. The newsletter might include: discussin questins, tasks arund headlines and images, cmments t respnd t, vcabulary and links t related ESL Brains lessn plans.
Hw t use the newsletter
The stries cvered in the newsletter range frm breaking news t mre evergreen cntent which yu will be able t g back t accrding t yur students’ needs. The newsletter itself has several parts.
INTRO: A shrt paragraph describing what the news is abut. Yu might need t read it ut t students r it may als serve as a reference pint t yu, depending n the activities that g with the particular piece f news.
ACTIVITY: A task r tasks fr students t wrk n in the classrm．Each newsletter cntains a set f questins related t the news. Yu might ask students t discuss all f them r just sme f them. If yu teach lwer-level students, use the easier questins r just ask students t say what they think abut the news. Other activities might include cmpleting headlines, cmmenting n pictures, reprting what students have heard abut the news, etc.
Subscribe t the newsletter
If yu are an Unlimited r a Premium user and yu’re subscribed t ur newsletters, the News fr Classrm Use newsletter will drp int yur mailbx every Wednesday.
21. Wh is the text intended fr?
A. News presenters.B. Teachers.
C. Freign students.D. Reprters.
22. Which is a feature f the newsletter?
A. It psts daily updates.
B. It priritizes breaking news.
C. It cntains real-time cmments.
D. It ffers reusable reading materials.
23. What activity can be recmmended t beginners?
A. Rewriting related news.
B. Chsing news pictures.
C. Expressing their pinins.
D. Cntributing t the newsletter.
B
All the Light We Cannt See is abut a blind girl named Marie-Laure, wh lives in Paris, France, in the 1930s. When the Nazis invade in 1940, she and her father are frced t leave the city. They escape t a cuntryside twn t hide with Marie-Laure’s great uncle, Etierine. After several mnths, Marie-Laure’s father gets arrested. She cntinues t live with Etienne, and they start passing n secret signals t aid the French Resistance mvement.
Werner Pfennig is a German rphan with a hbby f listening t science and music prgrams n an ld radi. Develping a talent fr fixing radis, he is later hired by the Nazis t help them track enemy radi signals during the war. One day, he picks up a signal that is cming frm Etienne’s hme in France.
Anyway, Marie-Laure and Werner meet and develp a strng relatinship. Can these pr suls find a way t escape this hrrible war tgether?
Anthny Derr is an American authr frm Cleveland, Ohi. Critics have praised Derr’s writing fr his shrt, sharp sentences and attentin t detail. All the Light We Cannt See is his secnd nvel, which was published in 2014. It quickly became a New Yrk Times best-seller and wn a Pulitzer Prize fr Fictin.
The amazing nvel gives readers a lk at the ugly face f war. Thrughut the bk, we see hw war can destry peple’s lives in the blink (眨眼) f an eye. Characters such as Etienne and Marie-Laure’s father disappear in an instant and are never heard frm again. Hwever, war is als shwn t bring ut the best in peple. The characters wh survive must shw great curage and strength when they face challenges.
Anther imprtant idea is the imprtance f science and technlgy. Derr suggests that technlgies, such as the radi, are helpful t sciety if they are used with gd intentins. Hwever, if technlgies fall int the hands f evil (邪恶), they can cause great destructin.
24. Hw des Marie-Laure and Etienne help fight against Nazis?
A. By prviding infrmatin.B. By jining French army.
C. By tracking radi signals.D. By making their life public.
25. Anthny Derr’s writings are highly thught f because .
A. they are shrt in lengthB. they are full f interesting details
C. he is a prize winnerD. he is ecnmical with wrds
26. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Science and technlgy shuld be valued.B. War destrys everything n its way.
C. Technlgy is a duble-edge swrd.D. Technlgy plays a key rle in war.
27. In which sectin f a magazine is the passage mst likely t be seen?
A. Great Writers.B. Bk Club.
C. Everyday Her.D. Hit Mvies.
C
Mn dust is the abslute wrst. Nt nly des electrstatics (静电) cause it t stick t virtually everything, but it als has the cnsistency and feel f finely grund fiberglass. It was a genuine prblem fr the six Apll crews wh visited the mn’s surface — mn dust cvered their suits, wrked their way int engines and electrnics, and even ruined a few f their extremely expensive spacesuits.
These are all serius issues t cnsider ahead f NASA’S planned return t the mn’s surface in 2025, but a team f cllege undergraduates at Washingtn State University just develped a slutin t mn dust — spraying liquid nitrgen (氮) nt mn dust. The team develped a new spray that takes advantage f the Leidenfrst effect. Named after its discverer, an 18th-century German dctr Jhann Gttlb Leidenfrst, it ccurs when a liquid cmes int clse cntact with a significantly htter surface, causing it t quickly frm a prtective layer f vapr (蒸汽) that briefly keeps it frm evaprating, such as when water frms int drps and runs acrss a very ht frying nan. The same principle wrks similarly in space. In this case, a liquid nitrgen spray (typically arund -320℉) cmes int cntact with a surface’s relatively warmer lunar dust cating, causing the particles t turn int things like drps and flat away n the nitrgen vaprs.
T test their spray, the research team first dressed a Barbie dll wrapped with a material used t make spacesuits. They then sprayed it with liquid nitrgen in a nrmal atmspheric cnditin as well as the circumstances similar t uter space. Nt nly did the liquid nitrgen spray perfrm better in the latter circumstances, but als it nly resulted in minimal damage t the spacesuit material. In past lunar missins, astrnauts’ specialized brushes fr the mn dust task ften caused damage t spacesuits after a single use. In cmparisn, the liquid nitrgen spray tk 75 uses befre similar issues ccurred.
Ging frward, the team hpes t further research the cmplexity that makes the cleaning prcess s effective, as well as secure funding t cnstruct testing rms mre clsely resembling the lunar surface’s gravity. With any luck, maybe a can f their Mn-Dust-Gne will be abard a future Artemis missin, ready t help astrnauts avid ne f the lunar surface’s annying things.
28. Why des the authr mentin “Apll” in the first paragraph?
A. T prve mn dust is a real headache.
B. T cmpare past and present mn prgrams.
C. T shw the achievements in mn explratin.
D. T ffer readers insights int the Apll prgram.
29. What des the underlined wrd “particles” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Liquid waste.B. Mn dust. C. Nitrgen spray. D. Prtective cating.
30. What did the research team find abut their spray in Paragraph 3?
A. It belnged t single-use items fr astrnauts.
B. It perfrmed better in nrmal atmspheric cnditins.
C. It increased the strength f the material f spacesuits.
D. It prtected spacesuits better cmpared with the brush.
31. What may the fllw-up research f the spray fcus n?
A. Test subjects.B. Cmplex lunar surface.
C. Other applicatins.D. Reasns fr efficient cleaning.
D
Imagine this. Yu need an image f a balln fr a wrk presentatin and turn t an AI text-t- image generatr, like Midjurney r DALL-E, t create a suitable image. Yu enter the prmpt (提示词) “red balln against a blue sky” but the generatr returns an image f an egg instead.
What’s ging n? The generatr yu’re using may have been “pisned”. What des this mean? Text-t-image generatrs wrk by being trained n large datasets that include millins r billins f images. Sme f the generatrs have been trained by indiscriminately scraping nline images, many f which may be under . This has led t many cpyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech cmpanies f stealing and prfiting frm their wrk.
This is als where the idea f “pisn” cmes in. Researchers wh want t empwer individual artists have recently created a tl named “Nightshade” t fight back against unauthrised image scraping. The tl wrks by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that cnfuses the cmputer visin system but leaves the image unaltered t a human’s eyes. If an rganizatin then scrapes ne f these images t train a future AI mdel, its data pl becmes “pisned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generatr return unintended results. As in ur earlier example, a balln might becme an egg.
The higher the number f “pisned” images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because f hw generative AI wrks, the damage frm “pisned” images als affects related prmpt keywrds. Fr example, if a “pisned” image f a Picass wrk is used in training data, prmpt results fr masterpieces frm ther artists can als be affected.
Pssibly, tls like Nightshade can be abused by sme users t intentinally uplad “pisned” images in rder t cnfuse AI generatrs. But the Nightshade’s develper hpes the tl will make big tech cmpanies mre respectful f . It des challenge a cmmn belief amng cmputer scientists that data fund nline can be used fr any purpse they see fit.
Human rights activists, fr example, have been cncerned fr sme time abut the indiscriminate use f machine visin in wider sciety. This cncern is particularly serius cncerning facial recgnitin. There is a clear cnnectin between facial recgnitin cases and data pisning, as bth relate t larger questins arund technlgical gvernance. It may be better t see data pisning as an innvative slutin t the denial f sme fundamental human rights.
32. The underlined wrd “scraping” (para. 2) is clsest in meaning t ____.
A. facilitatingB. cllectingC. damaging D. plishing
33. Accrding t the passage, adding pisned data might ____.
A. increase the accuracy f returned infrmatin
B. cause users t frget the prmpt key wrds
C. interfere with the training f generative AI
D. discriminate against great masterpieces
34. What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Data pisning is smehw justified t direct attentin t human rights.
B. Cmputer scientists has learned t respect the f mst artists.
C. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists t recgnize faces.
D. The issue f technlgical gvernance has arused the lawyers’ interest.
35. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Data Pisning: Gvernment Empwering Citizens t Prtect Themselves
B. Data Pisning: Addressing Facial Recgnitin Issues Amng Artists
C. Data Pisning: Risks and Rewards f Generative AI Data Training
D. Data Pisning: Restricting Innvatin r Empwering Artists
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I’ve always disliked getting up in winter. As a child, I wuld drag myself ut f bed, my eyes half-clsed, and watch my schl unifrm warming n the radiatr. ____36____ It’s t dark, and I am always half-asleep.
____37____ Mst f them are fun, but few really change my life in the lng run. Sunrise alarm clcks, hwever, are different. They’ve becme a fundamental part f my mrning rutine. My tp picks, the Lumie Bdyclck Spark 100 and Philips SmartSleep, have greatly benefited me. I’m waking up every day feeling mre energetic and mentally sharper.
Essentially, sunrise alarm clcks are a cmbinatin f alarm clck and light treatment device that shines with increasing brightness as yur wake-up time appraches. The light interacts with ur natural sleep-wake cycle, much as the sun des when it rises. ____38____
Sunrise alarm clcks als prmte healthier sleep habits. In ur tech-driven wrld, waking up ften means immediately checking ur phnes. An imprtant strength f sunrise alarm clcks is that yur mrning wake-up n lnger invlves yur phne. Stpping a smartphne alarm means yur day begins with eyes n-screen. ____39____ But with these clcks, yu can start the day with a clearer mind and mre cncentratin.
Sleep is persnal, and n single device fits everyne. But fr me, sunrise alarm clcks have been a game-changer. They’re affrdable, with quality mdels available fr under £30. ____40____ After all, sme mrning peple are made, nt brn.
A. They prve t fall int this unique categry.
B. Interested in tech, I ften test fascinating devices.
C. Therefre, we wake up bilgically prepared fr the day.
D. The path t endless screen time is just a fingerprint away.
E. These days, I set multiple alarms t ensure I’m wken up.
F. If yu are struggling with dark mrnings, it’s wrth a sht.
G. All f the sunrise alarm clcks I’ve tested have their strengths.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（原创题）On a fine mrning in 2025, we relaxed n ur cttage dck with friends, ___41___ ur kids played in the lake. We adults jked abut hliday fd. “N dieting tday,” I said, which drew ____42___ frm everyne. Then, black cluds ___43___ ver the water. “Let’s head up befre it purs,” said my husband, Ian. We hurried indrs as thunder bmed and rain began ____44____ dwn.
“Where are ur husbands?” asked my friend Gwyneth. “I gave them a list,” I replied ___45___. “They’re checking the vehicles.” Minutes later, Ian called me. His ___46___ tne meant truble.
Outside, I saw a ___47___. Water turned ur driveway int a gushing river. Culverts verflwed, and streams ___48___ new paths thrugh ur yards. Our yard was quickly a wading pl. Neighbrs came ut, lking at the damage and exchanging hugs f ___49___. We watched the water tear away grass and gardens.
“We need t mve the cars nw!” Ian said. Sn, every adult had a shvel. We wrked tgether, ___50___ hles in the mud t push vehicles t safety. We were saked, muddy, and cld, but standing tgether.
After the last car reached the rad, Ian asked if I was kay. “I will be,” I ___51___.
That night, the rain stpped. We ate a ht meal, listening t water rush past all night. The next mrning, the air smelled ___52___ and the place was a mess. “We’ll fix this,” Ian said. “We’re Canadian. We’re tugh.”
His cnfidence was ___53___. In the fllwing days, ur cmmunity ___54___. The physical wrk was hard, but it reminded me that a cttage is nt just a building; it’s a ___55___ built by hands and hearts, able t withstand any strm.
41. A. while B. because C. if D. thugh
42. A. cheers B. chuckles C. dubts D. questins
43. A. flated B. rlled C. hung D. disappeared
44. A. clearing B. rising C. settling D. punding
45. A. seriuslyB. playfully C. impatientlyD. nervusly
46. A. anxius B. exciting C. gentle D. frmal
47. A. vehicleB. fld C. trickD. shadw
48. A. prevented B. blcked C. carved D. ignred
49. A. welcme B. gratitude C. regret D. srrw
50. A. examining B. cvering C. filling D. finding
51. A. gave up B. chked up C. brke dwn D. turned away
52. A. smky B. earthy C. saltyD. flwery
53. A. steady B. reasnable C. limited D. false
54. A. visited B. rested C. recvered D. united
55. A. legend B. prmise C. memry D. symbl
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分 ，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Urban dining escape
（社会热点）“Wildeat” has recently becme a ppular lifestyle trend amng yung peple in China. This term 56 (gain) ver 9,000 psts n the Chinese lifestyle-sharing platfrm Xiahngshu since it came int view, and 57 (vide) with the tag have piled up 1.65 millin views n Duyin, China’s versin f TikTk.
58 the name implies, wildeat invlves dining utdrs, but it differs 59 a traditinal picnic. Wildeat fcuses n the “wild” rather than “eat”. It’s abut enjying 60 basic meal while embracing (拥抱) the wildness f the surrundings, prviding a sense f freedm and relaxatin. This can invlve making htpt utdrs r 61 (bring) prtable fd t a nearby park. Fr thse wh take wildeat, what really matters is the relaxing atmsphere in the wild.
Whether it’s the previusly ppular “citywalk”, which refers t wandering in a city, 62 the current trend f wildeat, yung peple use these cined terms t express their desire t 63 (temprary) escape urban life and embrace nature. In the past, peple might have pursued a 64 (elegant) lifestyle, adding many elements t their lives 65 (find) happiness. Nw, it’s quite the ppsite. They are mre fcused n making life simpler, freer, and mre relaxed.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
（原创题）假定你是国际部的学生负责人李华，学校计划在“中外文化交流周”期间举办一场特别活动——“第三只眼看中国（China Thrugh Fresh Eyes）”，邀请外国学生分享他们在中国发现的、令他们感到惊奇或感动的文化细节（如中医、家庭观念、美食哲学等）。请给你校的美国交换生David写一封邮件，邀请他作为主讲嘉宾之一。内容包括:
（1）活动介绍；
（2）期待答复
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eighth grade meant a new classrm and a new teacher, but I barely nticed the change. As far as I was cncerned, a classrm was a classrm. I lnged t be utside, wandering arund the hills f Tennessee, where I grew up. My teachers didn’t appreciate hidden caves, running streams and wild bears any mre than I appreciated algebra, histry and calligraphy. My reprt cards always included ntes, like “Duglas needs t apply himself instead f staring ut the windw.”
My parents tried their best with me, but schl hadn’t been a big part f their lives either. Daddy left after the third grade, Mama after the sixth. “He’ll grw ut f it,” Daddy said when anther teacher had cncerns abut me being t much f a dreamer. “Our by came alng a hundred years t late,” Daddy said. “If he’d been brn in 1842, he wuld have fit right in.”
The rugged (崎岖的) land, the wild life, the adventure — mre fr me t dream abut while chained t my eighth-grade desk. It seemed there were tw kinds f peple in the wrld: thse wh belnged in the classrm and thse wh belnged in the muntains. The teacher, Miss Ck, seemed t knw which ne I was and had put me far away frm the windw.
“Duglas Clark.” The sund f my name pulled me ut f my daydreams. Miss Ck had appeared at my side withut my even knwing. “If this daydreaming cntinues, I’m ging t have t pay a visit t yur parents,” she said.
I gave her a grin. “If yu aren’t ging t help ck supper, yu might as well nt cme,” I said.
The class laughed, but Miss Ck did nt. “That’s very clever,” she said. “I think yu shuld stay after schl and share mre f yur cleverness.”
I sighed. My jke was ging t keep me where I didn’t belng. That’s the way it was with teachers. They never missed a chance t remind me f that.
As sn as the bell rang, I tk ut my ntebk t get a head start n writing “I will nt be clever in class” 200 times. But Miss Ck had smething else in mind. She called me t the frnt and tld me t sit facing her.
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
“I’d like yu t write abut the utdr adventure yu enjyed mst,” she said.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gradually, I fund myself falling in lve with schl learning.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________