高考英语一模提分卷03（上海专用）（考试版）

这是一份高考英语一模提分卷03（上海专用）（考试版），共13页。
（考试时间：105分钟 试卷满分：115分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I. Grammar and Vcabulary（每题1分；20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
（原创题）Carnivre(食肉者) Diet Under Debate
Once, much f the wrld was intent n cutting back n meat fr health and envirnmental reasns. Vegetarian and vegan ptins appeared n restaurant menus, and the very idea f a bldy red steak became almst unthinkable in liberal circles. Yet the carnivre diet is nw ppular n Instagram and TikTk, ____1____(prmte) health bdies t issue warnings.
Fllwers f this diet eat meat, fat and eggs, aviding all plants as if they ____2____(be) "pisn", as Paul Saladin, an advcate f it, alleged. He ften appears n scial media ____3____(blame) vegetables, which he claims will harm us. Sme supprters say the ____4____(big) change after sticking t the diet is that their brain wrks better r skin has imprved. This zer-carb, high-fat diet has dated back t the Atkins diet, and there’s a cmmn belief ____5____ such diets mainly aim t help with weight lss.
The British Heart Fundatin warns the carnivre diet culd be harmful. Extreme diets high in saturated(饱和的) fat and lw in fibre raise chlesterl levels, increasing the risk f heart prblems. ____6____ eating prtein and fat desn’t raise bld sugar as much as carbhydrates, cutting them ut entirely means lsing crucial fibre. What wrks best is the diet that yu can stick t in the lng run. Peple ____7____ nt rely n such extreme diets fr lng-term health, as they lack necessary nutrients.
Mst experts agree nutritin shuldn’t be a fashin. ____8____ is balanced eating, such as the Mediterranean diet, that benefits health mst. It may nt g viral nline, but it wrks— and that’s ____9____ we shuld always keep in mind. After all, there’s n shrtcut t staying healthy, and this is a fact ____10____ n ne can deny.
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
The prblem with being yurself
British wmen feel the same abut their bdies as we d abut schl dinner — full f hate. They have almst the lwest self-esteem in the wrld, with nly 20% feeling ____11____ abut their bdies, accrding t interviews with 10,500 wmen and girls acrss 13 cuntries fr the latest Dve self-esteem in wmen prject.
Thugh the study is new, the infrmatin, f curse, is nt. Nne f this is ____12____ surprising. The tw new things that this study tells us are: first, that Britain’s bdy anxiety is getting wrse. And secnd, while 60% f wmen say they believe they need t “meet certain beauty standards”, 77% believe it is als imprtant t “be urselves”. What d yu d with a tensin like that — between the pressure n yu t be thin and blnde, and the pressure t “____13____ yur curves”, “lve yur imperfectins”? T be strng, brave, “natural”, real, and at the same time lk like Jennifer Lawrence.
This vague requirement fr the mdern and ____14____ wman t “be herself” feels increasingly harmful. While we shuld give Dve ____15____ fr its missin t inspire cnfidence in wmen, I fear the mdern panic it helps create. There was that side-eyed term, “real wmen” — authenticity (真实性) is currency, especially fr wmen. But yu wuld be mre lvable nly if the authentic yu is nt insecure, dd, sad, r has that ld wrry ____16____ at yur thrat, and nly if the authentic yu believes nt nly that yur bdy is beautiful but that beauty really ____17____.
At least the ld pressure gave exact rules, directins r instructins. Yu culd see the ____18____ f it, yu culd walk arund it, verthrw it, laugh at it, tss it in the bin. “Be yurself”, hwever, takes mre than Btx (瘦脸针) when that means appearing cnfident, happy, brave and healthy — it requires a ____19____ f all the scietal nnsense that has brught yu t a place where yu feel the need t cver up thse parts f yur persnality that are ____20____ unattractive by thers. “Be yurself” is the insistence that, rather than the culture, the media and the plitics, it is still yu wh need t change.
II. Reading Cmprehensin（共45分。21-35每题1分，36-50每题2分）
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
We knw smene wh fits the descriptin. Yu prbably wrk with ne; yu might even be related t ne. And with Christmas appraching, the seasn f ffice parties and family gatherings yu’re increasingly likely t have t ____21____ with them and rediscver just hw annying they are. I’m talking abut knw-it-alls, peple wh will enthusiastically ____22____ yu abut a tpic r activity, despite bviusly having little t n knwledge in what they’re talking abut - and ften when yu d.
Why wuld sme peple assume ____23____ knwledge t thers, abut every pssible subject? One is the phenmenn f “naive realism” (direct realism r cmmn sense realism), which describes hw peple instinctively assume that their ____24____ f the wrld reflect bjective reality. In actuality, everything we perceive and “knw” abut the wrld has been filtered thrugh a cmplex mesh (筛网) f cgnitive biases, sensry shrtcuts, shifting emtinal memries and mre. What we think is reality in ur heads is ften nticeably ____25____ the actual reality, but we dn’t recgnize this happening. As a result, we regularly encunter peple whse understanding f the wrld is very different t ur wn. But naive realism means we assume that thse wh understand the wrld differently are ____26____. Fr a seemingly large number f peple, this results in an irresistible urge t “crrect” thers. It may spring frm entirely gd intentins, but that desn’t make it any less ____27____.
This can be the full stry, ____28____, as cuntless peple believe thers are wrng, yet never d r say anything abut it. Anther ptential cgnitive bias ____29____, prpsed in a recent study by Prf Hunter Gehlbach, Dr Carly D Rbinsn and Prf Annette Flerch, published in the jurnal PLS ONE, is the illusin (幻觉) f infrmatin adequacy. Put simply, this describes hw, despite lacking sufficient infrmatin t make crrect judgements abut smething, many peple will assume the ____30____. It’s lgically very hard t recgnize and take accunt f what we dn’t knw.
A(n) ____31____ f the illusin f infrmatin adequacy and naive realism can lead t peple believing they knw mre than they really d. In their minds, this knwledge is mre advanced than that f thers and they must hurry t crrect it.
Then there’s ur ld friend, the Dunning-Kruger effect: the cgnitive bias where peple with limited cmpetence in a certain area tend t ____32____ their abilities. Their lack f intellectual insight means they ____33____ t recgnize when smene else knws mre than them, they’ll cnfidently argue with thse wh are better infrmed. And because peple ften respnd mre t cnfidence than ____34____, they usually get away with it. If this happens ften enugh, they culd cnvince themselves that they’re ____35____ n pretty much everything, even thugh the ppsite is true.
21. A. identifyB. interactC. cmpeteD. cperate
22. A. warnB. deceiveC. lectureD. cnsult
23. A. superirB. extensiveC. prirD. technical
24. A. impressinB. recgnitinC. imaginatinD. perceptin
25. A. distinct frmB. similar tC. free frmD. relative t
26. A. practicalB. unacceptableC. wrngD. incmpetent
27. A. bthersmeB. acceptableC. rewardingD. insignificant
28. A. thusB. hweverC. meanwhileD. mrever
29. A. at wrkB. at handC. in wayD. under cntrl
30. A. nrmB. ppsiteC. truthD. psitin
31. A. cmbinatinB. reflectinC. cntradictinD. assciatin
32. A. enhanceB. verlkC. verestimateD. exercise
33. A. expectB. hesitateC. pretendD. struggle
34. A. hnestyB. creditC. authrityD. accuracy
35. A. enthusiastsB. expertsC. criticsD. ptimists
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing fur passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
When I was grwing up, my family kept chickens. We always had abut a dzen f them at any given time and whenever ne died ff—taken away by hawk r fx r by sme bscure chicken illness—my father wuld replace the lst hen.
He’d drive t a nearby pultry farm and return with a new chicken in a sack. The thing is, yu must be very careful when intrducing a new chicken t the general flck. Yu can’t just tss it in there with the ld chickens, r they will see it as an invader. What yu must d instead is t slip the new bird int the chicken cp in the middle f the night while the thers are asleep. Place her n a rst beside the flck and tipte away. In the mrning, when the chickens wake up, they dn’t ntice the newcmer, thinking nly, “She must have been here all the time since I didn’t see her arrive.” The clincher f it is, awaking within this flck, the newcmer herself desn’t even remember that she’s a newcmer, thinking nly, “I must have been here the whle time...”
My arrival in India des likewise.
My plane lands in Mumbai arund 1:30 AM. It is December 30. I find my luggage, then find the taxi that will take me hurs and hurs ut f the city t the Ashram, lcated in a remte rural village. I dze n the drive thrugh nighttime India, smetimes waking t lk ut the windw, where I can see strange haunted shapes f thin wmen in saris walking alngside the rad with bundles f firewd n their heads. At this hur? Buses with n headlights pass us, and we pass xcarts. The banyan trees spread their elegant rts thrughut the ditches.
36. What’s the functin f the first paragraph?
A. T tell readers her family backgrund.
B. T wrk up reader’s appetite fr the text
C. T intrduce the fllwing paragraphs
D. T make a summary f her childhd.
37. When did the writer prbably arrive in India?
A. 8:00PM.B. 1:00AM.C. 7:00A. M.D. 3:00P.M.
38. What des the underlined wrd in the secnd paragraph mean?
A. shelterB. grupC. farmD. chicken
39. Which f the fllwing statement is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The writer takes a nap in the taxi.
B. The writer knws hw t raise chickens.
C. Indian wmen wrk n their wn.
D. Daily life in India surprises the writer.
(B)
Natural. High quality. Unique.
That's Almased.
40. If yu are n a diet, Almased culd be a gd chice because __________.
A. its nutrients are easier t absrbB. it can help burn fat
C. secret ingredients are includedD. it cures cmmn diseases
41. Why des Almased stand ut amng ther similar prducts?
A. It manages t mix different ingredients tgether.
B. Selected ingredients can stay fresh as ever.
C. Sy, ygurt and hney are specially treated.
D. Superir natural materials generate uniqueness.
42. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Almased can replace ur regular rutine diet.
B. It's hard t make Almased appeal t everyne.
C. There seem varius ways f serving Almased.
D. Almased has just the same taste as plain ygurt.
(C)
（原创题）Never Mind Yur Children’s Screen Time. Wrry Abut Yur Parents’
Parents ften nag kids t put dwn phnes, fearing screens create an “anxius generatin.” Yet the mst screen-addicted grup may be the elderly: tday’s pensiners spend ver half their waking hurs n smartphnes, TVs and tablets.
This digital shift in ld age has clear benefits. Smart devices keep senirs cnnected: Facebk shares updates frm friends and grandchildren; Zm brings church services r dctr’s appintments hme; e-cmmerce eliminates the need t trek arund shps and rmve tiring shpping trips. A cnnected retirement feels far mre fulfilling than an ffline ne.
Senirs als face fewer screen risks than teens. They have stable real-life relatinships, s “scial stunting” is rare. Their wrldview resists nline manipulatin, and their free time means screen habits feel like chices, nt bligatins.
Yet this trend carries csts. Unlike teens, senirs’ devices link t credit cards—making them targets fr nline scammers. Gvernments prtect kids frm predatrs; they must nw safeguard this fast-grwing vulnerable grup.
Misinfrmatin is anther threat: pensiners are twice as likely as yung adults t use news apps, and mre susceptible t nline haxes. As they shift frm traditinal media t YuTube r TikTk, they enter an “infrmatin Wild West” — and their vtes mean their cnfusin affects everyne.
Screens can be cmpanins fr islated senirs, but als replace real scial interactins. Unlike teens (curbed by parents/teachers), senirs lack infrmal limits. This calls fr a balanced debate: digital tls enrich elderly lives, but sciety must address their unique risks.
43. The underlined phrase “eliminates the need” in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t “_________”.
A. meets the demand fr
B. remves the requirement f
C. increases the difficulty f
D. highlights the imprtance f
44. The writer mentins “credit cards” in Paragraph 4 t shw that _________.
A. senirs rely mre n digital payments than teens
B. nline scammers target senirs due t their financial access
C. gvernments have ignred the safety f senirs’ nline activities
D. credit cards are the main reasn fr senirs’ screen addictin
45. What can be inferred abut senirs’ screen habits?
A. Their screen time is mre f a chice than teens’.
B. They are less likely t be influenced by nline cntent.
C. Their screen use is mainly cntrlled by family members.
D. They prefer traditinal media ver scial platfrms.
46. Which f the fllwing best reflects the writer’s pinin in the passage?
A. Senirs shuld reduce screen time t avid nline risks.
B. Sciety’s fcus n kids’ screen use is cmpletely misplaced.
C. Digital tls benefit senirs but require targeted prtectin.
D. Senirs’ screen addictin is a mre severe prblem than teens’.
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Pedestrians walking dwn 8th Avenue in Manhattan’s Hell’s Kitchen neighbrhd will be struck by the frntage f the Hearst Magazine Building. The 3.716-square-metre building is decrated with clumns and statues, and tpped by a 183-meter glass and steel skyscraper. ____47____. Despite being ne f the wrld’s ldest frms f marketing, the utdr-advertising business is embracing digital technlgies.
Mst frms f traditinal advertising — print, radi and bradcast televisin - have been lsing grund t nline ads fr years. Only billbards, dating back t the 1800s, and TV ads are hlding their wn. Out-f-hme (OOH) advertising is estimated t have grwn by 3.4 percent in 2018; digital ut-f-hme (DOOH) advertising, which includes the LCD screens fund in airprts and shpping malls, by 16 percent. Such ads draw viewers’ attentin frm phnes and cannt be skipped r blcked, unlike ads nline.
____48____. Infrmatin abut their wners’ whereabuts and nline brwsing gets cllected and annymized (匿名) by carriers and data firms, and sld t media wners. They then use these data t wrk ut when different grups say, business travelers walk by their ads. That knwledge is added t insights int traffic, weather and ther data t prduce highly relevant ads. Fr example, DOOH prviders can deliver ads fr cffee when it is cld.
Billbards can als be prgrammed t shw ads fr allergy medicatin when the air is full f pllen. Such targeting wrks particularly well when it is accmpanied by “prgrammatic” advertising methds. ____49____.
That is pssible because billbard wners claim t be able t measure hw well their ads are wrking, even thugh n “click-thrugh” rates are invlved. ____50____. Advertisers can estimate hw many individuals expsed t an ad g n t visit a nearby shp (r website) and buy prduct. Such metrics make utdr ads mre data-driven, autmated and measurable.
III. Summary Writing（共10分）
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Glbal Cperatin
In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the bundaries f human inventin and innvatin—glbal cperatin. Scientific and technical research and develpment is nw s cmplicated that n ne scientist can knw it all. S, increasingly, innvatin is cming frm the cmbining f cutting-edge expertise (专业知识) frm different scientific fields.
There are nw ver 8, 000 scientific jurnals wrldwide and it is impssible t be an expert in all areas. Therefre, in this highly specialized wrld, scientists, medics and engineers have t cperate in rder t innvate. Prfessr Bb Langer at Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) has made significant breakthrughs in the field f bimedical engineering. But he hasn’t dne it n his wn. He has invited experts frm arund the wrld in different fields t frm a glbal team t design new substances which can g inside the bdy, deliver medicines and then disslve. Als at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard abut the il spill in the Gulf f Mexic in 2010, he quit his dream jb there and tried t develp a mre efficient way t remve the il. But rather than fcusing n prfit, he decided t ‘pen-surce’ the design. He shared his wn ideas n the web fr free and then gt experts frm all arund the wrld t cntribute ideas and even dnatins. Thanks t this free, nt-fr-prfit way f sharing ideas and intellectual prperty n the internet, a bat capable f cleaning il quickly came int being. Obviusly, internatinal cperatin based n sharing infrmatin freely has prduced innvative appraches t slving prblems.
It appears that the days f brilliant individuals wrking in their garages n their wn are ver. Glbal teams with a united purpse building n everyne’s expertise can cllectively d far mre than ne brilliant individual. Tday’s wrld calls fr glbal cperatrs, sharers, and nt prtectrs f ideas.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Translatin（共15分。第1小题和第2小题每题3 分；第3 题4分；第4题5分）
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrd given in the brackets.
52. 奇怪的是，几十年过去了，他对家乡的一草一木却依然记忆犹新。（fresh）（汉译英）
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________53. 你接触的原版小说越多，对英美文化的了解就越深。(expse) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________54. 这部纪录片刻画了一位饱经风霜的老人及其令人钦佩的爱国情怀。（feature）（汉译英）
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________55. 音乐节的高潮是盛大的烟花表演，五彩缤纷的烟花照亮夜空，为观众带来一场无与伦比的视听盛宴。 (unmatched) (汉译英)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________V. Guided Writing（共25分）（原创题）
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
如今，“搭子文化（specialized cmpaninship）”在年轻人中日益流行，人们会寻找特定活动的伙伴（如健身搭子、读书搭子、干饭搭子等）。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文谈谈你的看法：
1. 描述“搭子文化”的现象；
2. 分析其流行的原因（适配碎片化时间、降低社交成本、满足个性化需求）；
3. 阐述你对这种文化的态度及理由。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
A. edges B. liberated C. cnfident D. wildly E. matters.
F. perceived G. embrace H. chewing I. inevitably J. credit K. denial
Selected ingredients (原料), an exceptinal mix and prductin prcess: that's hw we create the unique Almased effect.
➢Cmbinatin f ingredients that's mre effective than individual nutrients (营养物质).
➢N artificial flavurings, fillers r sweeteners.
➢Supprts fat-burning during digestin.
➢Supprts resistance t cmmn diseases.
Many prducts prmise what nly Almased can deliver. In rder t achieve the unique Almased effect, it takes mre than just mixing sy, ygurt and hney. The recipe fr ur Almased pwder is as simple as it is unique: high-quality and natural sy, hney and ygurt.
SOY｜The high-quality nn-GMO sy (非转基因大豆) used in Almased is an envirnmentally friendly, sustainable surce f plant prtein. A single serving f Almased supplies 27 grams f prtein.
HONEY｜Unlike mst regular hney, which is heat-treated, the raw hney in Almased is bursting with freshness even after it is canned. The hney's natural ingredients are still living and active when yu pen the can.
YOGURT｜Cws that are naturally fed can even in turn encurage grass grwth. This is why Almased surces its milk and ygurt frm happy cws in Ireland and nrthern Germany, where they live in green grasslands.
Being a natural prduct, Almased has a very plain taste and can be prepared in many different ways. Whether yu like it sweet r fruity, there are n limits t hw yu flavur it. This ensures Almased desn't get bring and suits yur persnal taste perfectly. S quick and easy t prepare, Almased can be fitted int yur daily rutine with ease.
A. Billbard wners are als making hay frm (抓住机会) the lcatin data that are puring ff peple’s smartphnes.
B. Data firms can tell advertisers hw many peple walk past individual advertisements at particular times f the day.
C. Tech giants are amng thse t see mre value in utdr advertising.
D. Supprters any utdr ads will increasingly be bught like nline nes, based n audience and views as well as lcatin.
E. One f the benefits f fllwing the nline-ad leaders is that the OOH advertisers can learn frm their mistakes.
F. Anther distinctive feature is a vast digital screen that transmits advertisements.