北京市朝阳区2025_2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（文字版，含答案）

这是一份北京市朝阳区2025_2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（文字版，含答案），共11页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间90分钟 满分100分)
本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Yesterday I was flying hme after a week away. We 1 ur flight and left n time, but when we reached the destinatin, we were tld the pilts were flying us t a smaller airprt because f bad weather.
When we deplaned, I figured ut it was mre than ne plane that had been diverted (改变航线). Everybdy was 2 where they didn't want t be. Peple were all trying t get n the few flights leaving that evening. I kept checking my phne, nly t discver I had been rebked n a flight. Yay!
I ran t the new gate, chse a seat, and scarfed my snacks since I hadn't eaten lunch. Sn, my rw was 3 by a 20 - smething wman in the middle. She 4 a cnversatin, and said that she felt 5 because she had a tight cnnecting flight. If she 6 it, she'd stay vernight in the airprt. Nt having eaten all day, she asked if there wuld be anywhere t buy fd when we arrived at 9:45 p.m.
I tld her many places wuldn't be pen that late. Then, I handed her tw rice bars, 7 she didn't find fd befre her next flight. She was 8 , hlding the snacks with her vice shaking a little. "Really? What are yu ging t eat?" I tld her I'd be hme an hur after we landed and I already knew dinner wuld be 9 . But she culd be traveling all night.
The crew turned the lights ff in the cabin. And I 10 listened t the bars crunching (嘎吱地嚼) fr minutes. She needed them a lt mre than I did! And yes, when I gt hme a cuple f hurs later, there was a bwl f warm ndles fr me.
A. changed
B. delayed
C. barded
D. canceled
A. stuck
B. dragged
C. hidden
D. invited
A. visited
B. jined
C. blcked
D. reserved
A. cut in
B. brke ff
C. kept up
D. struck up
A. bred
B. shcked
C. wrried
D. cnfused
A. lst
B. made
C. fund
D. missed
A. even if
B. as thugh
C. s that
D. in case
A. inspired
B. tuched
C. satisfied
D. interested
A. wasted
B. packed
C. waiting
D. cling
A. happily
B. curiusly
C. cnfidently
D. gratefully
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
On Octber 1, Jane Gdall passed away 11 (natural) at the age f 91. She was famus fr being the first t bserve chimpanzees use tls t catch termites (白蚁) in Tanzania. Frm 1985 nwards, she campaigned tirelessly 12 (prtect) chimpanzees' habitats, which made her a legendary figure whse stry features in Chinese textbks. Besides, she inspired generatins t care fr nature, 13 (prve) ne persn's passin and perseverance can drive meaningful change fr the planet.
B
Althugh psitive energy is smetimes viewed as an abstract idea, it can be apprached frm varius perspectives. Spiritually, psitive energy is ften assciated with inner peace. Scientifically, energy can be measured 14 brainwaves and stress hrmnes. S far, research 15 (shw) ur mental states directly influence ur emtin. S, fcusing n psitive energy, we fster a general sense f well - being. Envirnment als matters. Chsing the very envirnment 16 ffers calmness and inspiratin, yu can significantly imprve yur energy levels.
C
Scientists fund the ldest and mst cmplete set f fssils f a dme - headed (圆顶头) dinsaur 17 (call) a pachycephalsaur. Pachycephalsaurs were plant - eating dinsaurs knwn fr their thick dmes. The fssils 18 (discver) in Mnglia in 2019. They include a cmplete skull, whse dme was fully grwn, suggesting that the creatures likely practised head - hitting befre maturity. The sample, which is between 108 millin and 115 millin years ld, 19 (represent) a new species and can thrw light n 20 these creatures develped.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Plantafrm Indr Garden is a 26 - inch - tall egg - shaped smart garden that makes grwing fresh, rganic vegetables simple, all year rund. With n need fr sunlight r sil, just add water and nutrients, and the system's autnmus features take care f the rest—mnitring water levels, temperature, and lighting, ensuring fresh fd fr hme with little effr
Hw des the Plantafrm wrk?
Nutrient Absrptin: By creating a nutrient - rich fg frm water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutritin directly t the plants' rts, resulting in healthier and faster - grwing plants.
Built - in Technlgy: The Plantafrm is equipped with sensrs that mnitr key envirnmental factrs such as temperature, fan speed, and light levels. The smart LED lights in it can imitate (模仿) natural sunlight, ensuring yur plants receive cnsistent lighting even during the darkest winter mnths, regardless f utdr cnditins.
App - cntrlled: Yu can manage as many Plantafrm Indr Gardens as yu wish frm the same Plantafrm Accunt. Whether at hme r in a wrkplace, yu can cntrl all yur gardens cnveniently within the app, and receive tailred ntificatins:
when it's time t remve the prtective cver t allw yur yung plants t grw in the pen air.
when it's time t refill the water tanks, ensuring yur plants always have enugh water.
when yur plants are ready t be harvested, s yu can enjy fresh prduce at its peak.
when it's time t run a Quick Cleaning Cycle after each grwth cycle ends.
If yu have further questins, please feel free t reach ut t us at [email protected]. We're here t help yu grw with cnfidence and success!
21. With the Plantafrm, users can ______.
A. perate a sil - based gardenB. plant vegetables nce a year
C. harvest fd with hard wrkD. grw plants withut sunlight
22. Hw des the Plantafrm wrk?
A. It sends nutritin t the plants' rts.
B. It adjusts lighting t utdr cnditins.
C. It examines the plants' health with sensrs.
D. It requires separate accunts fr each garden.
23. The Plantalfrm app will send a ntificatin when ____.
A. the water tank is t fullB. the prduce is perfectly ripe
C. a Quick Cleaning Cycle endsD. the garden needs mving utside
B
Like many parents, we can nly put ff ur kids' asking fr a dg s lng until we finally give in. Last fall we lked thrugh dg - rescue websites and, befre lng, adpted Etti, a sptted Dalmatian. It was rugh at first because althugh Etti is a sweet, lving dg with us, she's highly reactive t anything else that mves - peple, dgs, cats, etc.
Thankfully, we've fund an excellent trainer. On a challenging training sessin during which I became frustrated, he said: "Sir, yu dn't get the dg yu want. Yu get the dg yu need." I remember thinking t myself, "Need? D I really need an anxius, high - strung Dalmatian?" In fact, the last thing I needed was mre stress in my already stress - filled life.
Yet, ver time, I've cme t appreciate the wisdm f this expressin. When I tk Etti n a walk the ther day, my whle bdy tensed up, scanning the envirnment fr pssible danger. An unsuspecting passer - by crssed the street tward us and Etti barked ludly. I said t her, "Yu're s wrked up tday, Etti. What's ging n?" And then it hit me that thrughut ur walk I'd been the ne wh was tense and wrried abut the day ahead. In the end, maybe Etti was just acting ut what I was feeling, serving as a gd reminder that I need t pay attentin t my mds and hw they affect thse - bth dgs and humans - arund me.
Anther ntable thing abut Etti is the ease with which she shifts frm ne md t the next. Etti desn't keep thinking abut what happened last week, yesterday, r even tw minutes ag. Each mment fr her is a new "nw". This isn't t say that she's nt affected by her past. Etti is a rescue s wh knws what she had t deal with in her previus life. Hwever, she des nt let it drag her dwn and determine what cmes next, unlike mst f us humans.
When we were cnsidering adpting Etti last fall, we read thrugh her descriptin n the rescue site and gt a gd laugh at the statement that she wuld need help "being the best dg she can be." Yet, we had never thught that she was actually the ne that guided us t be the better humans.
24. What bthered the authr shrtly after adpting Etti?
A. Etti's histry as a rescue.
B. Etti's sensitivity t mving things.
C. Etti's need fr prfessinal training.
D. Etti's inability t get alng with the family.
25. Hw did the authr feel upn hearing the trainer's wrds?
A. Empwered.B. Hpeless.C. Appreciative.D. Uncnvinced.
26. What des the stry tell us abut Eti?
A. She gt mdy easily after receiving training.
B. She reminded her wner t care abut thers.
C. She mirrred her wner's inner emtinal state.
D. She was free frm the impact f her past experience.
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Every dg has its day.B. Lve me, lve my dg.
C. Misfrtune betters character.D. With unexpected wisdm, we rise.
C
What's the first thing yu ntice when yu step int a museum? Is it the lng - faded clrs f ancient bjects frm all arund the wrld r the whispered sunds f visitrs discussing what they see? Museums allw us t indirectly "experience" the past by tapping int ur primary senses, such as sight r hearing, but mre ften than nt, smell is missing.
We dn't think abut smell when studying the past. One f the prblems is that it is incredibly hard t study. The scents (香味) and smells had already been gne befre archaelgists (考古学家) culd cme and study the sites. "New chemical and bimlecular (生物分子) methds in archaelgy have kind f repened the dr t cntinue t study these things. Of curse, what we have frm ancient texts can als help a lt," says Barbara Huber, an archaechemist frm Germany. "When we d find all these details, they can enrich ur understanding f a lt f aspects f past ways f life, including medicine, trade and scial status."
In the study f ancient materials, the study f trade and the incense rad (香料之路) was always an interesting pint fr researchers. But the prblem is that the incense rad was ften lked at frm the perspective f classical schlars—namely texts frm ancient Greece r ancient Rme. Frm the very beginning, the stry f the incense rad was tld by utsiders, wh were als nt cntemprary. "We dn't have any evidence frm the earlier perids, the Irn Age and the Brnze Age in ancient Arabia," Huber says. "S it was very interesting t track dwn mlecular remains that can tell us a lt abut ancient materials.
In ne case study, Huber and her team lked at the cntent f incense burners and fund Peganum—a medicinal and psychactive plant. They realized that in these incense burners, specifically, peple actually used it fr medicinal r psychactive purpses. This was interesting
because the practice f incense burning seems t nt nly be sensrial but als have this medicinal cmpnent. The study revealed smething where we had abslutely n idea: medicinal practices in ancient Arabia. We, all f a sudden, had an idea f hw peple used their lcal pharmacpeia—the dcument f medicinal ingredients issued by the gvernment fr treating illnesses; in this case, they burned Peganum and then prbably breathed the smked—nt just applied it t the skin r drank it.
The practice f burning incense is still part f peple's lives tday, but it ges all the way back. And if we fllw it t the rts f where it began, histry isn't smething that we nlv see.
28. Why des the authr raise tw questins in Paragraph 1?
A. T stress a prejudice.B. T cmpare phenmena.
C. T reveal a limitatin.D. T intrduce an experience.
29. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Incense remains helped identify ancient medicinal practices.
b. Sensrial purpses f incense burning used t be verlked.
C. The use f medicinal incense needed apprval frm gvernment.
D The trade n the incense rad was witnessed by classical schlars.
30. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Why smells are absent when we study the past.
B. Hw archaelgists scent ut smells f the past.
C. Hw we can bring lng - lst smells int mdern life.
D. Why challenges arise in the study f histrical smells.
D
Nearly 2 millin years ag, ne f ur ancestrs develped bne cancer in their ft. The fate f this individual is unknwn, but the fssilised remains leave n dubt that cancer has been a part f ur stry fr a very lng time. But these cancer cells weren't the nly internal threat ur ancestrs faced. Their survival was als threatened by individuals attempting t undermine the grup. At the heart f the stry is this questin: is human nature selfish r altruistic, cmpetitive r cperative? The answer has prfund implicatins fr hw we aim t structure sciety. If we are brn altruists, then institutins are unnecessary. But if selfishness dminates, strng cntrl is essential.
In the language f evlutinary bilgy, we have a cperatin dilemma: there are situatins where it is in ur interest t wrk with thers, and there are situatins where it is nt. As a result, visible rivalry (竞争) was replaced by what I call "invisible rivalry"—the ability t hide selfish, cmpetitive intentins while maintaining the appearance f a cperative nature. In ther wrds, we evlved t cmpete in a cperative wrld.
This is where the analgy (类比) with cancer arises. Humanity's lng histry f living with the disease means we have evlved bilgical mechanisms t reduce the risk it pses. Many reactins at the cellular level evlved t help ur bdies fight ff cancers. It is this strng immune system that explains why, althugh we are frequently expsed t viruses, these ften dn't lead t illness. Similarly, the threats t ur scial grups psed by the evlutin f invisible rivalry led us t develp practices and institutins t maximise cperatin. I call this ur cultural immune system.
Hwever, just as cancers find ways t escape frm ur immune systems, sme individuals use their intelligence t destabilize the grup's scial nrms fr their wn benefit. T fight the enemy, we can bst the cultural immune system, much like hw we can imprve ur bilgical immune systems thrugh healthy lifestyles and vaccinatin.
But this isn't ging t happen until we first recgnise the prblem that invisible rivalry pses. In my view, the best way is thrugh educatin. We are all part f the cultural immune system. If we understand ur evlutinary heritage, we will be pen - eyed t the danger that freeladers pse t sciety and place ur trust mre clear - sightedly—much as the bdy's defence system learns t recgnise the agents assciated with cancers t deal with them.
We must wrk tgether t stay ne step ahead f humanity's pprtunistic nature. Withut beliefs, nrms and a prper understanding f human nature, we are at the mercy f ur selfish bilgical heritage. Evlutin has made us this way but we can learn t vercme it.
31. What des the underlined wrd "altruistic" in Paragraph 1 mst prbably mean?
A. Far - sighted.B. Humane.C. Self - interested.D. Adaptable.
32. What can be inferred abut the cultural immune system?
A. It cntributes t humanity's cmpetitiveness
B. Human dishnesty is said t be its byprduct.
C. Internal threats in sciety cannt escape frm it.
D. It can be imprved thrugh enhancing cperatin.
33. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. The minrity's selfishness desn't mean cancers fr sciety
B. It is hard t maintain the appearance f a cperative nature.
C. We need agree n the fact that invisible rivalry brings harm
D. The stability f sciety lies in humanity's pprtunistic nature.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A The Cure fr Scial IllsB. The Mercy f Humanity
C. The Value in InstitutinsD. The Rt f Invisible Rivalry
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fr mst f us, frissn, an intense emtinal pleasure accmpanied by tears and gsebumps (鸡皮疙瘩), is smething that happens unexpectedly and rarely. But what if there was a way yu culd experience this feeling mre? The answer may lie in the art f "slw lking".
Slw lking is the act f bserving an artwrk fr an extended perid f time. That culd be an uninterrupted five minutes, an hur, r even an entire day. 35
Hwever, slw lking extends beynd a gallery setting. It's similar t meditatin (冥想), but it's nt limited t keeping us fcused n the breath and clsed eyes. 36 In many ways, it is the art f simply nticing, withut distractins, and withut giving in t the urge t make it a "prductive" activity.
S hw t try slw lking? It might take sme time t get used t. 37 Whether it's bserving a wrk f art, gardening, staring ut the windw during yur next train jurney, birdwatching, r pausing during a wdland walk t bserve the plant life arund yu, there are cuntless ways t slw lk every day.
38 When we slw dwn, the "rest and digest" mde f ur nervus system rises up. This relaxatin f mind creates space fr new thughts and feelings t surface. This is when we might start t ntice small things in ur envirnment. 39 We simply ntice. We becme the witness, causing a small yet prfund shift that supprts reduced anxiety, and imprved verall well - being.
A. Slw lking ffers valuable mental benefits.
B. But it's smething we culd start adding t ur daily life.
C. Certain kinds f art may be better suited fr slw lking than thers.
D. Experts recmmend ging t an art exhibitin when there are fewer peple.
E. It is based n the idea that t understand an artwrk, yu need t spend time with it.
F. Instead, it takes us ut int the sensry wrld in which light shifts and wind whispers.
G. Fr example, leaves dancing in the wind and the wingbeats f a bird passing verhead reveal themselves.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Think abut the tughest perid f yur life. The time yu felt mst lst, mst challenged, mst brken. It prbably felt like an impassable wall, a dead end. But what if that wall was actually a drway? What if the struggle itself was the very thing yu needed t grw? There's a beautiful, ancient Latin phrase that expresses this idea perfectly: Ad Astra per Aspera. It translates t "a tugh rad leads t the stars," and it is ne f the mst pwerful and inspiring philsphical ideas ever packed int fur little wrds.
This phrase isn't sme mdern, feel - gd statement. It's ld. Really ld. It's been adpted as a mtt by cuntless families, cities, and even used by space prgrams, which is beautifully literal. The phrase has lasted fr centuries because it speaks t a fundamental truth: greatness is nt brn frm cmfrt.
Let's break it dwn. The "Aspera" part means "hardships" r "difficulties". This isn't just abut minr incnveniences. It refers t the real, painful struggles f life - failure, lss, and dubt. Our mdern culture ften teaches us t avid pain at all csts, t seek the smthest, easiest path. But "Ad Astra per Aspera" challenges that view. It suggests that the "Aspera" is nt a detur (绕道) frm the path; it is the path.
The "Astra" part f the phrase means "the stars". The stars represent yur biggest dreams, and yur best self. It culd be a specific gal, like starting a business r healing a relatinship. Or it culd be a state f being, like finding peace, wisdm, r purpse.
The beauty f the phrase is that "the stars" are persnal t yu, but the message is universal: The jurney t the stars is nt a flight; it's a climb up a jagged (崎岖的) muntain.
40. What des the phrase "Ad Astra per Aspera" literally mean?
41. Why has the phrase "Ad Astra per Aspera" lasted fr centuries?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
➤The beauty f the phrase "Ad Astra per Aspera" is that bth its message and the "Astra" are universal.
43. Hw can "Aspera" lead yu t "Astra"? (In abut 40 wrds)
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你参加了题为 “描绘城市色彩”（The Clr f A City）的英语征文活动，你的外国好友 Jim 对你的征文内容很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 你选择的城市和它的色彩；
2. 说明色彩选择的理由。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
试卷答案
第一部分 知识运用
第一节
1. C（1.5分）
2. A（1.5分）
3. B（1.5分）
4. D（1.5分）
5. C（1.5分）
6. D（1.5分）
7. C（1.5分）
8. B（1.5分）
9. A（1.5分）
10. D（1.5分）
第二节
11. naturally(1.5分)
12. t prtect(1.5分)
13. prving(1.5分)
14. by（1.5分）
15. has shwn(1.5分)
16. that/which（1.5分）
17. called（1.5分）
18. were discvered(1.5分)
19. represents(1.5分)
20. hw（1.5分）
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
21. D（2分）
22. A（2分）
23. B（2分）
24. B（2分）
25. D（2分）
26. C（2分）
27. D（2分）
28. C（2分）
29. A（2分）
30. B（2分）
31. B（2分）
32. D（2分）
33. C（2分）
34. A（2分）
第二节
35. E（2分）
36. F（2分）
37. B（2分）
38. A（2分）
39. G（2分）
第三部分 书面表达
第一节
40. A tugh rad leads t the stars.(2分)
41. Because it speaks t a fundamental truth: greatness is nt brn frm cmfrt.(2分)
42. Underline “the ‘Astra’ are universal”.(1分)Explanatin: The “Astra” part represents persnal dreams and best self, s it's persnal, nt universal.(2分)
43. “Aspera” are hardships. Facing and vercming them helps us grw, which is the path t achieving “Astra” (dreams).(5分)
第二节（示例）
Dear Jim,
I chse Beijing and its clr is red. Red is the clr f the Frbidden City, representing histry and culture. It's als the clr f natinal flags, symblizing passin and vitality. Beijing, with its red elements, shws a blend f traditin and mdernity.
Yurs,
Li Hua （20分，内容要点8分，语言表达8分，逻辑连贯4分）