2024-2025学年湖北省武汉市高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（学生版）

这是一份2024-2025学年湖北省武汉市高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（学生版），共10页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37， When did Dr， Why did Dr， What did Dr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The cst f living in cuntries like the U.S., Britain, Australia r France has skyrcketed in recent years. Hwever, if yu are willing t leave yur cuntry and explre life in ther areas, there are many cuntries basting an extremely cheap and lw cst f living. Check ut the fllwing cuntries when planning yur next mve.
Ecuadr
Ecuadr is similar t the United States in many ways, and as a result has becme a ppular American getaway. It even uses the U.S. dllar fr its currency. In this cuntry, it is cheaper t eat ut every day than ck fr yurself n a budget in the U.S. Yu can even buy a prperty fr arund $50,000 and hi re smene t tend t it while yu are away.
Mexic
Althugh the cuntry is knwn fr its pverty-ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas that prvide every facility yu might need. Yu can live ff a mere $700 t $800 a mnth in Mexic, and this includes rent fr a nice place, facilities, fd, and any sightseeing.
Argentina
Argentina has been a ppular turist destinatin fr many years. It has great restaurants, a rich histry, and many places t explre. Nt t mentin, it is nt very expensive t live there. A decent-sized hme can cst arund $139,000, which is relatively cheap in relatin t hmes in the United States.
Vietnam
Vietnam has als becme a ppular turist destinatin in recent years. There are many millin-dllar luxury hmes by the beach, but yu can find a mdest flat r small hme fr arund $25,000 t $50,000 if yu search in the right areas.
1. Which cuntry uses the U.S. dllar as its currency?
A. Ecuadr.B. Mexic.C. Argentina.D. Vietnam.
2. Hw much des it take at mst t live in Mexic fr half a year?
A. Abut $8,400.B. Abut $4,800.C. Abut $4,200.D. Abut $9,600.
3. What are the cmmn advantages f living in Argentina and Vietnam?
A. Cheap and lw csts f living.
B. Many millin-dllar luxury hmes.
C. Wealthy areas with cmplete facilities.
D. Great restaurants, a rich histry, and many places t explre.
B
An assciate university prfessr in Flrida has cmpleted his research missin and set a new wrld recrd in the prcess: living 100 days beneath the cean’s surface.
On Friday mrning, Dr. Jseph Dituri felt the sun’s rays fr the first time since he began the prject 22 feet belw the waters f Key Larg, Flrida, n March 1.
Dituri,55, a bimedical engineer wh teaches at the University f Suth Flrida and calls himself “Dr. Deep Sea”, spent just ver three mnths at the bttm f the Emerald Lagn in Jules’ Undersea Ldge, the nly underwater htel in the United States.
The research prject, Prject Neptune 100, was rganized by the Key Larg-based Marine Resurces Develpment Fundatin and fcused n cean cnservatin research and studying hw high pressure affects the human bdy.
The US Navy veteran said he’d nticed ne impact: The water pressure seems t have shrunken his height by half an inch. Dituri std at 6 feet 1 inch tall befre starting his missin, the University f Suth Flrida stated in a news release.
The scientist began the prject with a belief that increased pressure culd help humans live lnger and prevent aging-related diseases, the news release said. Dituri said he hpes his underwater research will benefit the treatment f a variety f illnesses, including traumatic brain injuries.
Dituri als used the prject as an educatinal experience fr the yuth. “We have interacted with thusands f schl children t get them interested in science, technlgy, engineering and math, “Dituri tld Guinness Wrld Recrds n June 8. While underwater, he cntinued teaching his cllege students virtually.
Dituri brke the Guinness Wrld Recrd fr lngest time living underwater at the 74-day mark f his prject, n May 13. The previus recrd std at 73 days, tw hurs and 34 minutes, set at the same lcatin al Dituri’s successful attempt.
4. When did Dr. Jseph Dituri prbably return t the surface?
A. On March 1. B. On May 13. C. On June 9. D. On June 19.
5. Why did Dr. Jseph Dituri take part in the prject?
A. T challenge his limits.B. T encurage gd teamwrk.
C. Fr scientific research.D. Fr persnal enthusiasm.
6. What did Dr. Jseph Dituri expect f living underwater?
A. It’s beneficial t human health.B. It des harm t human bdy.
C. It’s a very painful experience.D. It’s the same as living n land.
7. What wuld be the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. What Is Living Underwater Really Like?
B. Can Humans Live Underwater fr 100 Days?
C. “Dr. Deep Sea” Interacts with Children Underwater
D. “Dr. Deep Sea” Breaks Recrd fr Living Underwater
C
There’s a new train pulling int the statin in San Bernardin, a suthern Califrnia city abut 60 miles frm Ls Angeles. Frm the utside, it lks like any ther trains, with three passenger carriages, blcky windws and a clrful blue appearance. But inside, it’s unlike anything the regin — r the cuntry — has seen befre. The $20m Zer-Emissin Multiple Unit, knwn as Zemu, uses a hydrgen (氢气，氢) fuel cell (电池) and battery system t prpel the train and run ther nbard electrical systems. The nly byprduct f the fuel cell is water vapur (蒸汽，水汽), a welcme change in an area that suffers frm sme f the wrst air quality rates in the cuntry.
The new technlgy will make Zemu the first hydrgen-pwered, zer-emissins passenger train in Nrth America t meet Federal Railrad Administratin (FRA) requirements when it ges int service early next year. A series f hydrgen-pwered trains, built by the French manufacturer Alstm, have been perating in Germany and Austria since 2018, but similar trains have never run in Nrth America. Hydrgen fuel cells cmbine hydrgen and xygen mlecules (分子) t generate electricity and prduce water vapur as a byprduct. In practice, the fuel cell functins as an nbard generatr that charges the batteries that turn the wheels f the train, driving it frward as well as running electrical systems.
This technlgy in Nrth America cmes as the greater Ls Angeles regin prepares fr the 2028 Olympics, which an fficial f the city has said will be a “n-car” games, and as Califrnia steps up its effrts t meet 2045 carbn neutrality gals. San Bernardin has lng suffered frm pr air quality brught n by a high cncentratin f highways, rail yards and industrial facilities.
The prject has been years in the making. A decade ag, mtivated by the pr air quality and a desire t reduce the stress n the cunty’s rads, ften crwded by trucks transprting gds frm the nearby prts f LA and Lng Beach, SBCTA fficials set ut t find clean alternatives t their existing trains. They landed n the hydrgen fuel-pwered Zemu, and in 2019 cntracted with Swiss rail manufacturer Stadler Inc t deliver n that missin, said Tim Watkins.
8. What des the underlined wrd “prpel” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. speed upB. push frwardC. take the place f D. fix up
9. Which f the fllwing statements is true abut the Zemu train?
A. It will be the first hydrgen-pwered passenger train in the wrld.
B. It generates electricity thrugh a cmbinatin f hydrgen and xygen mlecules.
C. It prduces carbn dixide as a byprduct.
D. It will g int service in late 2024.
10. Why was the hydrgen-pwered Zemu chsen by SBCTA fficials?
A. T prepare fr the 2028 n-car Olympics in Ls Angeles.
B. T meet Califrnia’s 2045 carbn neutrality gals.
C. T find a clean alternative t imprve air quality and transprtatin.
D. T be the first hydrgen-pwered train in Nrth America.
11. What is the main purpse f this passage?
A. T discuss the pr air quality in San Bernardin.
B. T explain hw hydrgen fuel cells wrk in trains.
C. T intrduce the Zemu train and its innvative technlgy.
D. T discuss the effrts t meet carbn neutrality gals in Califrnia.
D
A man in a lab cat bends under a dim light with tight eyes lking at a micrscpe. Time is shrt, the pays-ff are high, and nly this scientist can save everyne. That kind f rmanticized picture f science was standard fr a lng time. But it’s far frm the truth.
Sme scientists search fr the causes f sme bservable effects, such as the link between destryed frests and Earth’s temperature increase. Others may investigate the “what” rather than the “why” f things. Fr example, eclgists build mdels t estimate gray wlf abundance in Mntana, US. It’s impractical t spt them all and cunt them. Abundance mdels are nt 100 percent accurate, but they ffer estimates that seem gd enugh t set harvesting qutas (限额) and maintain the ecsystem.
Beynd the “what” and the “why”, scientists may fcus n the “hw”. Fr instance, the lives f peple living with illnesses can be imprved by research n hw t relieve symptms, even if the true causes f their disrders are largely unknwn t current medicine.
Peple ften think “real science” shuld prvide definite, cmplete and perfect answers t their questins. Hwever, given varius limitatins and the wrld’s cmplexity, keeping multiple perspectives in play is ften the best way fr scientists t reach their gals and slve the prblems at hand.
In the wrld f science, healthy disagreement is a feature, nt a bug. Science is a scial prcess in which the cmmunity’s scrutiny (监督) ensures we have the best available knwledge. “Best available” des nt mean “definitive”, but the best we have until we find ut hw t imprve it.
The lng histry f atmism (原子论) shws hw science is a prcess rather than a fast delivery f results set in stne. As scientist Jean Baptiste Perrin cnducted his 1908 experiments that seemingly settled all discussin regarding atms, questins abut the atm’s prperties were abut t spark decades f cntrversy with the birth f quantum (量子) physics. Similar discussins cntinue t the present day.
S, real science is a cllective, imperfect and may-sided prcess in which scientists cntribute multiple and ften partial slutins t cmplex and diverse prblems.
12. Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic f the article?
A. By describing a scientific research prcess.
B. By telling a scientist’s persnal experience.
C. By giving an example f scientific failure.
D. By presenting a cmmn miscnceptin.
13. What d paragraphs 2-3 mainly talk abut?
A. The challenges faced by scientists.
B. The histry f scientific research.
C. The methds scientists use t share results.
D. The varius fcuses f scientists in their research.
14. What is the authr’s view n healthy disagreements in science?
A. They are essential fr scientific prgress.
B. They create cnfusin and delay cnclusins.
C. They indicate prblems in scientific methds.
D. They ften lead t the rejectin f ld theries.
15. Why des the authr mentin Jean Baptiste Perrin’s experiments and the subsequent debate ?
A. T shw science is a cllectin f facts.
B. T prve scientific knwledge is always abslute.
C. T illustrate science is a dynamic and evlving prcess.
D. T shw scientific cnclusin can be reached after discussin.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D yu think studying in a different cuntry is smething that sunds very exciting? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the pprtunity f discvering fascinating things and a feeling f freedm. ____16____ Yu will experience culture shck. Evidently, at least fur essential stages f culture-shck adjustment ccur.
The first stage is called "the hneymn". In this stage, yu feel excitement abut living in a different place, and everything seems t be marvelus. ___17___
Eventually, hwever, the secnd stage f culture shck appears. This is the "hstility stage". ____18____ Yu becme tired f many things abut the new culture. Mrever, peple dn't treat yu like a guest anymre. Everything that seemed t be s wnderful at first is nw awful, and everything makes yu feel distressed and tired.
Then yu cme t the third stage called "recvery". Yu start feeling mre psitive, and yu try t develp cmprehensin f everything yu dn't understand. The whle situatin starts t becme mre favrable. ___19___
The last stage f culture shck is called "adjustment". ____20____ The things that initially made yu feel uncmfrtable r strange are nw things that yu understand. Nw yu feel cmfrtable; yu have adjusted t the new culture.
A. Actually, culture shck is smething yu cannt avid when studying in a freign cuntry.
B. Yu have reached a pint where yu feel gd because yu have learned enugh t understand the new culture.
C. Yu like everything, and everybdy seems t be s nice t yu.
D. Yu recver frm the symptms f the first tw stages.
E. In spite f these advantages, hwever, there are als sme challenges yu will encunter.
F. Hwever, when yu have cmpletely adjusted t a new culture yu can mre fully enjy it.
G. Yu begin t ntice that nt everything is as gd as yu had riginally thught it was.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
81-year-ld Ellie and Sandy tured the wrld in 80 days, prving that adventure desn’t have an age limit.
Their first stp was a ____21____ that challenges even many ____22____ travelers: the Antarctic (南极洲). “Fr almst tw days, we were rcking and rlling thrugh the Drake Passage (德雷克海峡).” Ellie said. But when they set ft n the grund, they were ____23____ by the beauty f glaciers (冰川).
The pair have visited 18 cuntries acrss seven cntinents. They rde camels in Egypt and ____24____ the Nrthern Lights in Finland. Faced with ____25____ in internatinal travel, they bravely cmpleted the trip. Althugh they are bth independent, they ____26____ each ther’s feelings. And what they remember the mst are the ____27____ peple wh ffered help t them.
The tw ____28____ a crucial piece f advice with travelers wrrying abut the language barrier n their adventure. “Yu knw, peple ften ask us abut it.” said Ellie. “Smile is a universal language. We fund it wrked ____29____ because we were ften aware that English was nt always spken, while smile culd _____30_____ all languages.”
They als _____31_____ ther lder peple nt t let age hld them back. They felt cnfident that if they get hurt, their children wuld have been at peace knwing that they were ding what they _____32_____ wanted. Sandy described 81 as the perfect age t _____33_____ n a jurney. “I’m s _____34_____ that I can enjy my life. Getting lder des give us a little bit f _____35_____ f making decisins.” she said.
21. A. lcatinB. directinC. muntainD. cuntry
22. A. curiusB. freignC. utgingD. experienced
23. A. determinedB. amazedC. frightenedD. disappinted
24. A. createdB. imaginedC. bservedD. missed
25. A. limitsB. chargesC. pprtunitiesD. challenges
26. A. respectedB. preferredC. hatedD. ignred
27. A. flishB. selfishC. generusD. hnest
28. A. sharedB. searchedC. acceptedD. fllwed
29. A. impactsB. wndersC. interestsD. gds
30. A. cverB. cntactC. prvideD. explre
31. A. permittedB. encuragedC. preventedD. refused
32. A. hardlyB. suddenlyC. temprarilyD. abslutely
33. A. refer tB. give inC. set utD. take ver
34. A. frgetfulB. regretfulC. helpfulD. thankful
35. A. lessnB. wisdmC. dutyD. hpe
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the largest prducer f watermelns in China, Henan’s planting area and utput rank first natinwide. T prevent wasting the abundant harvest, Henan peple fund ____36____ (inspire) frm sybean sauce t preserve watermelns, creating watermeln sauce.
Every adult wman in my family knws hw t make watermeln sauce. The initial steps invlve ____37____ (clean) the sybeans and cking them until they fermentate (发酵). Then cmes the prcess f kneading (捏碎) the watermeln. The feeling f the juicy watermeln being kneaded thrugh ur ____38____ (finger) until it becmes a sft mass is quite enjyable.
Afterwards, my grandmther wuld mix the kneaded watermeln with the fermented sybeans, salt, ginger and Sichuan pepper ____39____ a jar. Then the jar ____40____ (place) in the shade t ferment. Over time, the flavr f the watermeln sauce deepens and its clr becmes ____41____ (rich). Abut half a mnth later, the watermeln sauce is dne and n ne can resist the temptatin t take ____42____ with ht buns bite after bite.
This year, my aunt went t Xinjiang fr wrk. She ____43____ (excite) shared ver the phne that due t the large temperature difference between day and night, ____44____ used t take at least half a mnth in Henan culd be dne in just _____45_____ day in Xinjiang!
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假设你是李华，在英国笔友 Owen的帮助下你获得了上周六学校举办的以“人工智能改变我们的生活”为主题的英语演讲比赛的第一名，请用英语给Owen写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示感谢。
2.回顾他对你的帮助。
3.邀请他来中国。
提示：人工智能 artificial intelligence
英语演讲比赛 English speech cntest
注意： 1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Owen,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I stared at the grayish mass my mm had drpped next t my crn. She knew hw t make seven meals. That was all. Each f her meals began with the same letter as the day f the week, like Fish Fridays and Spaghetti Saturdays. Tday was Meatlaf (肉糕) Mnday, again.
I pushed my fd back and frth n my plate, watching the sad meatlaf spread arund. Nticing that, Jeanie pushed her plate away t. At eleven, I shuld have set an example fr my yunger sister. But tday, I felt ut f srts. I grabbed the salt shaker and pintedly shk it all ver my fd t shw my dislike. A lk f hurt and disappintment crssed my mm’s face.
The next day, ur teacher annunced a cking cmpetitin t finish ff ur unit n kitchen skills. It wuld be like the shw MiniChef, where cntestants created dishes using nly the prvided ingredients (材料). The difference was that we all had t make a specific dish assigned by the judges within an hur. As he revealed the grand prize — the newest bk in the Cave f the Dragns series — the class erupted in cheers. The bk was a treasure, nearly impssible t find.
At break, everyne was talking abut the cmpetitin, wndering which dish we wuld be asked t make. Tania, my best friend, was cnfident she wuld win. She claimed t have her dad’s genes and her dad was an amazing ck. My thughts shifted t my family. I culdn’t help but wish my mm were a prfessinal chef; then I wuldn’t be stuck with the repetitive meatlaf. T be hnest, it tasted gd, but I was just tired f it.
On the day f the cmpetitin, I felt a mix f excitement and nervusness. As we filed int the kitchen classrm, the judges handed ut the ingredients: beef, nins, eggs, and seasnings (调料). Since I had learned accurate measuring, fd preparatin and cking techniques this term, I felt cnfident t ck with creativity.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Then the judges annunced that the dish we had t make was meatlaf.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I lked at my creatin prudly, waiting fr the judges t taste it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________