2025-2026学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末英语试卷（学生版）

这是一份2025-2026学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末英语试卷（学生版），共11页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A， It was ver等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语试题
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Everyne lves giving advice, always ready t share their wisdm — but nt every piece f advice actually helps. The wrst I’ve ever been ffered is “just be yurself”.
It happened n the mrning f my English presentatin n Of Mice and Men. I was nervus, but ___1___. I had practised fr hurs and printed my ntecards. But just minutes befre I began, my friend Sam leaned ver and said, “Dn’t stress. Just be yurself.”
“Be myself?” My nerves instantly went n edge, “Which ___2___? The awkward, verthinking ne that makes weird jkes under pressure, r the ne that repeatedly says ‘thank yu’ n matter what?” There was n time t negtiate with my ___3___ persnalities. My name was called. I std up, tk a deep breath, and decided t ___4___ Sam’s advice.
___5___ I’d “speak frm the heart,” I abandned the ntecards. Bad mve.
The first sentence came ut fine, but the secnd invlved ___6___ the key wrd “symblism”. By the third, I quted a mtt that didn’t even exist. “Just be yurself.” I thught, as I nticed the ___7___ n the faces f audience.
By the time I sat dwn, I had sweated thrugh my shirt, frgtten half my pints, but gained a new ___8___fr ntecards, script and structure.
I learned that “be yurself” is ___9___ gd advice when yur “self” is calm, prepared, and maybe has a slid utline. In high-pressure mments, it’s better t be yur best self: the versin that practices, plans ahead, and knws when t stick t the script. Nw, when smene tells me t “just be yurself,” I smile, thank them, and ___10___ my ntecards.
1. A. preparedB. pleasedC. encuragedD. enlightened
2. A. stageB. levelC. versinD. class
3. A. flexibleB. multipleC. charmingD. strng
4. A. takeB. cnfirmC. seekD. ignre
5. A. PretendingB. AdmittingC. FiguringD. Recalling
6. A. definingB. discussingC. highlightingD. frgetting
7. A. cncernB. cnfusinC. cntentmentD. curisity
8. A. requirementB. replacementC. applicatinD. appreciatin
9. A. nlyB. alwaysC. evenD. still
10. A. set asideB. pull utC. take awayD. bring back
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Secnd-hand prducts have becme ppular in recent years. Many shppers have nticed a rise in secnd-hand stres, which ffer an increasingly diverse range f prducts. ____11____, drives yung peple t visit these stres tday is simple. Price remains the primary cnsideratin fr many cnsumers. Peple can find well-maintained prducts at relatively ____12____ (affrd) prices. Envirnmental cnsciusness als influences yung cnsumers’ purchasing decisins. Sme buyers say besides saving mney, purchasing pre-wned gds als ____13____ (prevent) resurce waste.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the early winter f suthern Hubei, mre than a dzen Belt and Rad media representatives frm different cuntries arrived in Chibi — an ancient city ____14____ heritage includes bth the battlefield memries f the Three Kingdms and the enduring legacy f tea. Fllwing the histric tracks f the Tea Rad, they explred the thusand-year-ld relics ____15____ (preserve) frm the Three Kingdms battlefield. Thrugh immersive experiences, they uncvered the timeless stries f Qingzhuan Tea, ____16____ (learn) hw Chinese-style mdernizatin encurages cultural exchange and mutual understanding amng peple.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Lgic is the study f what cunts as a gd reasn fr what, and why. It is ne f the mst ancient intellectual disciplines. The nly ____17____(ld) disciplines are philsphy and mathematics, with which it has always been intimately cnnected. It ____18____(revlutinize) arund the turn f 20th century by the applicatin f new mathematical techniques. Mst recently, ver the last fifty years, lgic ____19____(find) new and imprtant rles in cmputatin and infrmatin prcessing. It is thus a subject that is central ____20____ human thught and develpment.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Gear up fr Bike t Schl Day 2026 — a meaningful initiative that brings families tgether t reimagine the daily cmmute as a way t cnnect, stay healthy, and care fr the envirnment. Whether yu’re an experienced cyclist r new t tw-wheeled travel, this annual event ges beynd fun: it’s a purpseful effrt t add jy and respnsibility t kids’ rutines, while building a cmmitment t planetary health.
What Is Bike t Schl Day?
Bike t Schl Day is a natinwide mvement that encurages schls, families, and cmmunities t priritize active, nn-mtrized travel fr kids. Frm cities t small twns, participating schls wrk tward nurturing physical health in children while easing traffic jams and cutting dwn n pllutin frm schl-run cars. Beynd fresh air and exercise, this event helps peple adpt a mre mindful apprach t daily travel, letting participants play a rle in a culture fcused n sustainability and public health.
Key Details fr the Day
When: February 7 — fllwing regular schl schedules while ffering a refreshing break frm rutine.
Where: Yur lcal schl; many grup rides are rganized frm set meeting pints — check with yur schl r ride leader fr specifics.
What t bring: A well-kept bike, a prperly fitted helmet (required fr safety), a lck, and snacks r water t stay energized.
T-shirts: All registered attendees get an exclusive branded T-shirt — nt just a keepsake, but a visible sign f yur cmmitment t redefining the schl cmmute as a cmmunity experience.
Hw and Why
Getting invlved is straightfrward: fill ut the nline frm t register as a participant. And yu will get a chance t win a bike if yu pst yur Bike t Schl Day jurney n scial media t share yur experience with a wider cmmunity.
It’s time t cut back n car trips and embrace biking as a way t fster lng-term healthy habits, reduce envirnmental impact, and build a shared sense f adventure.
21. What can we learn abut the Bike t Schl Day?
A. It is launched by lcal schls.
B. Participants need t register in grups.
C. Participants have t be experienced cyclists.
D. It invlves schls, families and cmmunities.
22. What shuld participants d in advance?
A. Fill ut a paper applicatin. B. Prepare a bike and a helmet.
C. Share the event ntice nline.D. Ask fr leave frm the schl.
23. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T prpse a natinwide initiative. B. T highlight the benefits f cycling.
C. T raise awareness f travelling green.D. T encurage participatin in an event.
B
Papa and I bnded ver games f any style. One f the items that Papa cnsidered wrthy was a checkered, 8x8 grid f wd. This bard fstered all f ur Saturday chess games.
“Check!” I basted. “Oh dear...,” Papa said, studying the bard. He slid his knight in frnt f his king, prtecting it frm danger. “Checkmate,” he smirked (得意地笑). It was ver. He had wn. Fllwing the game, I awaited ur ritual discussin. Pts and pans clanged arund us, but he was fcused n hw I culd imprve.
Papa never went easy n me in chess games. He prvided me with the tls t win n my wn. My skills were imprving, but his seemed t d the ppsite. Thrughut many years f games, I had an ccasinal win, usually meaning he wasn’t feeling well. In his last years f life, the Papa I knew was slwly and painfully stlen frm me by Alzheimer’s. As his nce keen mind started t fg, ur relatinship began t change and adapt. Our games transitined frm chess t checkers (国际跳棋).
The Saturdays rlled by rutinely, until ne snwy mrning in January. As the game prgressed, Papa mved a piece, nt seeing that it pened up a duble jump fr me. Jump. Jump. I had taken tw f his pieces. Jump. Anther piece was taken. My stack f pieces piled up. Hwever, a mment that was suppsed t bring me pride was causing my stmach t twist and turn.
Smething seemed ff. I had rarely gtten t the pint in a game against my brilliant Papa where I had the ptential t win. His eyes were still cncentrated n the bard, attempting t think thrugh his next mve. He put his hand n anther piece, shifting it and pening up a triple jump fr me. Is he letting me win? This can’t be right. I kept setting up mves, all in hpes f his clever mind, fgged with disease, acknwledging them. Desperate t see the signature smirk, just ne mre time, I cntinued t try. He culdn’t d it, but he smiled, bringing a bittersweet end t ur final game.
Althugh Alzheimer’s stle my Papa’s intellectual mind, it was nt capable f thieving us f the beautiful mments we had. Ending in a draw, we bth wn the final game.
24. What is Papa’s teaching principle?
A. Encurage discvery; dn’t deliver victry.B. Acquired skill utshines natural talent.
C. Embrace failure; dn’t shelter frm it. D. Learning requires strict discipline.
25. What caused the authr’s stmach t twist and turn?
A. He disliked playing checkers. B. He felt guilty fr defeating Papa.
C. He feared lsing his winning lead.D. He nticed Papa’s decline in health,
26. What was the authr mst likely thinking t himself when the last game ended?
A. “I can finally beat Papa nw!”B. “I shuld have lst t Papa.”
C. “Hw I wish Papa had wn!”D. “Papa has let me win again.”
27. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. True lve lasts thrugh changes.B. Wisdm is passed n beynd wrds.
C. Nbdy cmes ut n tp in a draw.D. Nthing cnnects like shared passin.
C
Rats given gut micrbime (肠道微生物) transplants frm energetic yung children seem keener t explre their envirnment. “It suggests ur micrbes are active participants in emtinal develpment, nt just passive passengers,” says Harriet Schellekens at University Cllege Crk in Ireland, wh wasn’t invlved in the study.
A grwing bdy f research has linked the cmmunities f micrbes that reside in ur guts t ur health, emtins and mds. Fr example, peple wh lack certain types f gut bacteria seem t face a higher risk f depressin r anxiety.
It isn’t entirely clear if the micrbes cause these changes r if the micrbial cmmunity alters as a result f behaviur, but there are sme signs that altering the make-up f the micrbime can influence md. Fr example, faecal (排泄物) transplants frm peple with depressin t rats seem t cause depressive behaviur in the rats, and peple with depressin treated with faecal transplants have seen their symptms imprve in preliminary trials.
T shed mre light n hw the gut micrbime may be linked t temperament (性情), Anna Aatsinki at the University f Turku in Finland and her clleagues transplanted faeces frm tddlers t yung rats. First, they evaluated the persnalities f 27 2.5-year-ld-tddlers using a standard temperament assessment and an exercise in which children were invited t play with a bubble gun. Based n these assessments, the researchers judged 10 f the tddlers as exuberant (充满活力的), and eight as inhibited and intrverted. Frm these grups, they selected fur exuberant and fur inhibited tddlers — half bys, half girls — and cllected samples f their faeces. Faecal samples with added glycerl r cntrl samples f glycerl were transferred t 53 rats aged 22 r 23 days ld, which had already had their bwels cleansed.
Aatsinki and her clleagues then put the rats thrugh a series f behaviural tests in different situatins. They fund that rats with micrbimes frm tddlers with high exuberance traits shwed mre explratry behaviur than rats with a cntrl transplant r thse receiving faeces frm inhibited tddlers.
T explre hw gut micrbes might influence the brain, they als analysed brain tissue, lking fr changes in gene activity. This shwed that rats given transplants frm inhibited tddlers had less activity in neurns that prduce dpamine, a brain chemical linked t reward fr risk-taking behaviur. “This study beautifully shws hw the gut micrbime in early life may help shape behaviural tendencies,” says Schellekens.
The influence shuldn’t be verstated thugh, says Aatsinki. “Overall, adults’ temperament traits are relatively strngly crrelated with genetics, but envirnmental factrs, ptentially including the micrbime, culd influence the variance f sme behaviurs.”
28. What can we knw abut the design f Aatsinki’s research?
A. Behavirs f three grups f rats were cmpared.
B. The rats underwent a temperament assessment.
C. It invlved crss-species rgan transplant.
D. The tddlers were gruped by gender.
29. What can we learn frm Aatsinki’s research?
A. It is the first research t have linked gut micrbes with emtins.
B. Intrverted kids’ gut micrbes reduce rats’ adventurusness.
C. Faecal treatments ease patients’ depressive symptms.
D. Our persnalities are strngly linked t ur diet.
30. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Rat Study Reveals Persnality Secret
B. Rat Tests Uncver Behaviural Difference
C. Gut Micrbimes May Influence Our Persnality
D. Gut Micrbime Transplant Might Cure Depressin
D
The James Webb Space Telescpe (JWST) spends a lt f its time staring at nthing. The shts f deep space this prduces are remarkably beautiful, transfrming an apparently empty sky int a field dtted with thusands f distant galaxies.
The first surveys f the early universe have surprised astrnmers, as the galaxies seem brighter than expected, with mre star frmatin and larger black hles. Yet maybe we shuldn’t have been t startled t find the universe surprising us: it has been ding s since we first peered int the csmic darkness.
The mst famus image f the early universe is the Hubble Deep Field captured in 1995. Yet this sht was almst never taken. Time n the Hubble Space Telescpe is precius and astrnmers spend mnths preparing prpsals t try t get access. The prcess is a bit dd — ften requiring researchers t argue simultaneusly that the prpsed bservatins wuld transfrm astrnmy, but als that we knw exactly what they will shw.
There are nrmally seven r eight times as many prpsals as can be accepted, s risky bservatins have truble getting thrugh. Back in the 1990s, many renwned astrnmers argued that directing Hubble at deep space was pintless, betting that the space telescpe wuldn’t find a single new galaxy. They assumed that the galaxies we see arund us tday are representative f thse thrughut the past 14 billin years r s, a pessimistic utlk we nw knw is badly wrng.
Finding the early universe lit up with firewrk displays f star frmatin was a frtuitus discvery. But nce yu start lking, yu will find that astrnmical histry is filled with discveries made by accident, r while scientists were lking fr smething else entirely. The team behind NASA’s Cassini prbe was fcused n its missin t explre Saturn’s famus rings and its mysterius mn Titan when an unexpected encunter with the tiny mn Enceladus revealed funtains f water cming frm its suth ple. It is nw perhaps the mst likely place fr us t find life beynd Earth.
These discveries are all a lng way frm hw science is taught, where careful experiment and testing f hyptheses lead t prgress. Surprise is fun, s maybe we shuld embrace serendipity a little mre. Sme astrnmers invlved in reviewing this year’s JWST bservatins have suggested it wuld be fairer, and easier, t allcate time n the telescpe by lttery, acknwledging that with s many gd ideas flating arund, we can’t pssibly chse between them. But whether it is staring int deep space r explring the slar system, experience has taught us that preparing t be surprised by the universe is the best way t make new discveries.
31. What can be inferred abut JWST?
A. It functins frm time t time.
B. It renews ur knwledge f deep space.
C. It surprises peple mre than Hubble des.
D. It cnfirms previus assumptins f the universe.
32. What des the writer think f the Hubble Space Telescpe’s prpsal prcess?
A. It fails t leave much rm fr flexibility.
B. It favrs prpsals by renwned scientists.
C. It leads t pessimistic views f the universe.
D. It ensures the mst prmising ideas get thrugh.
33. What des the underlined wrd “frtuitus” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A. Grundbreaking.B. Effrtless.C. Chance.D. Plain.
34. What des the authr mainly d in this passage?
A. Intrduce space histry.B. Examine a discvery.
C. Balance ppsing views.D. Encurage a mindset.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are faced with increasing pressure t make sensible decisins abut every aspect f ur lives — frm chsing the healthiest breakfast ptin t finding a schl r university t attend. Make the crrect chice and yu can give yurself a pat n the back. ____35____
Psychlgists have fund that peple’s appraches t decisin-making tend t fit int ne f tw categries. Yu are either a maximiser — a persn wh strives t make a chice that will give them the maximum benefit later n — r a satisfier, whse chices are determined by mre mdest criteria and nthing mre.
Given that maximisers task themselves with making the mst infrmed, intelligent decisins, we might expect that the utcme f their apprach wuld be superir. This assumptin, hwever, has been cntradicted by numerus studies. Studies have fund that maximisers are ften less effective in a decisin-making envirnment. They tend t exhaust all ptins in search f the perfect chice.____36____ Setting unachievable gals may itself get in the way f making gd decisins.
____37____ The abundance f alternatives can verwhelm even the mst diligent decisin-makers. In The Paradx f Chice, U.S. psychlgist Barry Schwartz lked at the prliferatin (激增) f chices that are available t us in ur everyday lives. He fund that an increased range f ptins des nt necessarily lead t higher satisfactin with the utcme f a decisin.____38____
Maximisers tend t experience a sense f “buyer’s regret” fllwing a decisin, dubting whether it was crrect, and imagining hw life wuld have been had they chsen a different path.____39____ While a maximising apprach might seem an ptimal apprach t decisin-making, ur energy may be better spent satisficing and appreciating what we have, rather than what we might have had.
A. Make a bad decisin and yu can be left with feelings f regret.
B. We are ften verwhelmed by the abundance f chices we face.
C. A satisficer is usually much mre efficient and mentally less burdened.
D. This prblem is especially prnunced in a wrld where ptins seem endless.
E. By cntrast, a satisficer accepts his chice as gd enugh, even if it’s nt the best.
F. In ther wrds, maximisers struggle t stp searching despite a gd enugh ptin.
G. If anything, chice may in fact limit ur ability t enjy and appreciate what we have.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
With climate change and rapid urbanizatin, many cities are at the serius risk f flding. T tackle this prblem, Chinese researchers first prpsed the “spnge city” cncept — an urban planning strategy that uses nature t sustainably manage water, reducing reliance n cncrete pipes and dams.
Hw d spnge cities wrk? These cities cmbine sustainable technlgies and functinal landscaping, including pavements that allw water t g dwn int the grund; urban parks and green spaces that act as places t hld water during heavy rain and as recreatinal znes during dry perids; urban wetlands that naturally filter water and prmte bidiversity; waterways and channels that are linked tgether t efficiently transprt and stre water. All these elements transfrm the urban landscape int a “spnge” capable f absrbing and releasing water accrding t climate cnditins.
The benefits f the spnge city apprach are diverse. Beynd its primary functin f reducing fld risk and easing pressure n drainage systems, this strategy significantly enhances urban livability. Hw is this pssible? It creates extensive green znes that expand healthy public spaces fr recreatin, imprve air quality, and supprt increased urban bidiversity.
This urban planning mdel has achieved widespread internatinal recgnitin. In China, it was fficially adpted as a natinwide plicy in 2014, with cities like Wuhan and Beijing leading implementatin effrts. Fllwing devastating flds f a 2011 strm, the city f Cpenhagen launched its wn spnge city transfrmatin plan. Fundamental t the strategy are green infrastructure (基础设施) elements, such as redesigned parks that serve as retentin basins during heavy rains, alng with blue infrastructure like the city’s extensive canal netwrk t channel and stre excess water.
The spnge city strategy signals a smarter way frward in city-building: greener, mre resilient, and matched t tday’s envirnmental challenges. At its cre, it’s mre than a fix fr climate chas — it’s an investment in the well-being f future generatins.
40. Accrding t the passage, what des the “spnge city” cncept refer t?
________________________________________________________________
41. What are the benefits f the spnge city apprach?
________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The spnge city transfrmatin plan f Cpenhagen invlves building new parks and making use f its canal netwrk.
________________________________________________________________
43. In additin t what is mentined in the passage, what ther way(s) wuld yu prpse t make yur city mre livable? (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________________________
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你班即将举行主题为“驻足一角，感悟北京”的英语演讲活动，你打算参加。现在你需要准备一份演讲稿，分享自己的相关经历，内容包括：
1.你的经历；
2.你的感悟。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear all,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks fr listening.