高考英语一轮-构词法（练习）（原卷版）

这是一份高考英语一轮-构词法（练习）（原卷版），共10页。试卷主要包含了形容词后缀的考查等内容，欢迎下载使用。

用所给词的适当形式填空
题型一 形容词后缀的考查
1.（23-24高三·福建漳州·阶段练习）S far, Shalin Kungfu has becme a windw f Chinese culture t the wrld, which als turns Shalin Temple int the mst (influence) “hly land” f martial arts in the wrld.
2.（23-24高三·重庆·期中）The city’s task centers n the belief that its (star) skies have the ptential t inject energy int the cnventinal turism.
3.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）Brn in 1587, Xu Xiake grew up in a rich family. Yet he rejected the ___ （cmfrt) life t travel the lst wrld f imperial China.
4.（23-24高三·广东·阶段练习）Tday, these yellwed pieces f mail have becme a (natin) cultural treasure.
5.（2024·浙江·模拟预测）As China has mre than 297 millin peple (age) 60 and ver, accrding t the latest statistics, this day has grwn in ppularity ver the years.
6.（23-24高三·湖北·阶段练习）S it ges in China, where tea is (day) necessity.
7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）Nwadays, muttn htpt has becme ne f the favrite cuisines f the Chinese, with (technlgy) develpment in muttn prductin allwing fr year-rund supplies f fresh meat acrss the cuntry.
8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习） Whether due t its lng histry r the strng (decrate) effect, silk flwers were cmmn accessries f the ancient wmen.
9.（2024·山东·模拟预测）The tray table is (adjust), s that passengers seated at different heights are able t use it.
10.（福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024学年高三试题）On the east bank f Chahu, China’s fifth-largest freshwater lake, rests a (mystery) ancient “kingdm” f jade called Lingjiatan.
题型二 副词后缀的考查
1.（2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）Mving frward, we’ll grasp the pprtunities t remain at the frefrnt f BRI’s jint cnstructin and prvide mre tp-level green energy (glbal).”
（2024·浙江·二模）It is believed that by arranging things (apprpriate), ne can harnize the energies f the natural wrld.
3.（2024·辽宁六校联考）Apart frm this, existing examples f ancient Chinese architecture are als (wide) praised fr its elegant utlines and varius features, such as verhanging eaves(屋檐), upturned rf crners, and different shapes f rfs.
4.（2023高三·河北秦皇岛·阶段练习）“One wh hlds ffice shuld pl the ideas and wisdm f the peple and_________ (extensive) draw n all well-intended and useful views,” wrte Zhuge Liang in his article, “Instructins t Subjects and Officials.”
5.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）The bat cmes ut (magnificent), and its shape and features are distinctive f the nrth f Fujian prvince.
6.（2024·江西九江·二模）In 2005, the pattern was (successful)selected as the symbl f China’s cultural heritage t shwcase the ancient Chinese peple’s wisdm and aspiratins.
7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）It was als (extrardinary) ppular amng many ryal families f the Qing Dynasty.
8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习）Silk flwers are the flwers (typical) made with silk, satin and ther high-grade fabrics.
9.(2024·湖南高三模拟) (basic), medical incense can kill bacteria in the envirnment, prtecting peple against infectins.
(2024·云南师大附中高三模拟) Saint-Exupéry wrte and drew n (extreme) thin paper, which made the task f transprting the pages f the manuscript even mre challenging.
题型三 名词后缀的考查
1.（2024·浙江嘉兴·模拟预测）Unlike Qingzhi, Wan Yue, a mther f tw, became a hanfu (enthusiasm) fr the sense f cmmunity.
2.（23-24高三·安徽·阶段练习） It has als facilitated the (adpt) f clean energy in Africa, helping it avid the pllutin assciated with Western industrializatin.
3.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）Have yu ever experienced ne f the earliest mvies? It basts star-studded ensembles (乐团), underges rapid transfrmatins in the blink f an eye, and even includes special effects, music and (perfrm), all withut the aid f machines r cmputers.
4.（2024·湖南·一模）Start yur (explre) frm Sichuan Cuisine Museum, enjy different aspects f Sichuan cuisine, satisfy yur curisity and taste buds and experience all fun fr “Playing with Chuancais”.
5.（23-24·湖北·沙市中学模拟）Nw as Hangzhu has grabbed the wrld's attentin, turists frm varius places have gathered t this heavenly city t enjy its slw life temp and beautiful natural __ (surrund) .
（23-24·湖南长沙·雅礼中学模拟）In sme parts f China, this ceremny is experiencing a____ (revive).
7.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）“On the surface, Xu's travel can neither be classified as great affairs f state nr great undertakings that changed the curse f histry.” writes the cultural histrian Zheng Peikai. “Xu traveled t satisfy his wn______ (curius) — he traveled fr the sake f traveling.”
8.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）During the early hurs f the Lantern Festival, abut 60 t 70 villagers gather t burn the midnight il at the lcal ancestral hall t finish the making f the giant bat,which is abut 6 t 8 meters lng and 3 t 4 meters in (high), in ne g.
9.（23-24高三·广东珠海·阶段练习）It’s believed that recgnizing the cultural value f the custm matters in the ____ (prmte) f Chinese traditins.
10.（23-24高三·山东威海·阶段练习）It is just ne example f ancient wrks f art that nt nly tells the (wise) f ur ancestrs, but als is a witness t the pursuit f beauty by Chinese craftsmen thrughut centuries.
题型四 动词后缀的考查
1．T avid knee pain, yu can run n sft surface, d exercises t (strength) yur leg muscles.
2．Knwing sme tips will help (sure) that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
3．Fr a beginner f sprts, it is highly recmmendable that the time fr training (length) little by little.
4．The lcal elephant ppulatin (threat) by paching until stricter law enfrcement was implemented.
5．Fields f flwers, tile-rfed villages and tasty meals (rich) this wnderful experience.
题型五 前缀的考查
1.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）The challenge f mastering this millennia-ld technique within such a shrt time initially seemed like missin (pssible).
2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）I shall never frget watching the sunrise ver the sea-it was (frget)!
3．Many stars, which are ut f the slar system, are (visible) withut a telescpe.
4．If ne is late fr a jb interview, it is (likely) that he will get the jb.
5．He is a gd teacher wh never expresses the least (patience) with slw learners.
6．It is (legal) t emply smene under the age f sixteen.
题型一 阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（运用构词法理解文中加黑字）
The US Institute f Electrical and Electrnics Engineers (IEEE) recently asked scientists, lawyers, scial scientists and ther experts t cnsider sme f these ethical dimensin. T give tw examples: n privacy, as we let mre listening devices int ur hmes, hw d we prevent the data they cllect falling int the wrng hands thrugh hacking (黑客) r simply being sld between cmpanies withut us receiving any mney? Anther example: mixed reality, including virtual reality, will becme pervasive in the next few years. As we mve frm headsets t what the IEEE cmmittee describes as “mre delicate sensry enhancements” we will use technlgy t live in an illusry wrld in many aspects f ur lives. Hw d we balance the rights f the individual, cntrl ver ur virtual identity, and the need t live and interact n a face-t-face basis while being empwered t live rich lives in mixed reality?
There is, f curse, always a tensin between innvatin and regulatin. But it can ften seem that giant steps are taken in technlgy with minimal public discussin. Take the self-driving car: althugh it may be safer than human drivers and is likely t save mre than a millin lives a year wrldwide, it will als take jbs frm drivers, traffic plice, sign-makers, car-repair cmpanies, carmakers and mre. Is this a bargain we want t make? In taking that decisin, have we given thught t a car that knws everywhere we g, decides rutes, perhaps, based n paid advertisement frm shps alng the way—and listens and sees everything we d n bard? What will happen t that data and can it be kept safe?
Additinally, while sme wrry abut the uncmmn “trlley prblem” f whm the car shuld chse t hit in a strange accident—an ld lady r a mther and baby—perhaps the mre frequent issue will be hw we find ut what the algrithm (运算程序) was thinking at the time f an accident, because AIs (Artificial Intelligence) are self-learning and devise their wn strategies.
Similar cncerns are emerging ver the internet f things. Rbt vacuum-cleaners already plt cleaning cycles using cmputer-aided visin that, fr sme mdels, is relayed t their manufacturers. As mre things at hme becme cnnected, they will be hackable and the data they cllect saleable.
It’s time fr sme messy, demcratic discussins abut the future f AI.
1．Tw examples in paragraph 1 are used t________.
A．shed sme light n hacking in ur mdern life
B．lead the reader t think f ethical issues brught by hi-tech
C．lead in the fllwing example cncerning the self-driving car
D．list the existing prblems that caught the attentin f experts
2．The wrd “pervasive” in paragraph 1 prbably means “________”.
A．intelligentB．pwerfulC．widespreadD．skillful
3．We can infer frm the passage that________.
A．innvatin shuld be accmpanied by guidelines t relieve tensin
B．mre giant innvative steps will lead t fewer public discussin
C．disadvantages f the self-driving car will utweigh its advantages
D．artificial intelligence fails t have a prmising and bright future
4．In the passage, the authr intends t ________.
A．expse sme underlying prblems in high-technlgy
B．call n prfessinals t enfrce law and rder
C．illustrate AI’s abilities in self-devising and self-learning strategies
D．display ur inter-cnnected cmputer-aided life in future
题型二 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（23-24高三·山东济南·开学考试）Silk, a kind f light, delicate and sft fabric, has pushed its way thrughut China’s histry. One cannt be certain f its rigin, but the ancient Chinese peple credited their wn wisdm 5 Leizu, the wife f the Yellw Emperr, as the 6 (invent) f sericulture(养蚕业).
Amng the varius styles and materials f silk, Nanjing Yunjin is a fancy fabric ften 7 (use) fr ryal cstumes, representing China’s highest level f silk knitting(编织) technique. Yunjin is best made by hand in a cmplex prcedure, 8 cnsists f mre than a hundred steps. Even the mst skilled craftsmen can nly knit a few centimeters a day. Time, patience 9 skillfulness all play critical rles in its rare beauty. In the Western Han Dynasty, explrer Zhang Qian 10 (pen) up the rutes t the western regins. Silk, 11 (play) a critical rle in the ancient rutes, beautified cuntries in Central Asia and then ther parts f Eurasia and beynd.
In the hands f Chinese artists, the 12 (thin) threads can knit enrmus pssibilities, and the sftest material can pass thrugh thusands f years. As ne f the many 13 (wnder) f ancient China, silk is nt merely a type f fabric. It is a cultural symbl as well as 14 expressin f elegance.
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。
1.（2024年1月浙江卷阅读理解C篇）
On September 7, 1991, the cstliest hailstrm (花暴) in Canadian histry hit Calgary’s suthern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a grup f insurance cmpanies have spent abut $2millin per year n the Alberta Hail Suppressin Prject. Airplanes seed threatening strm cells with a chemical t make small ice crystals fall as rain befre they can grw int dangerus hailstnes. But farmers in east-central Alberta — dwnwind f the hail prject flights — wrry that precius misture (水分) is being stlen frm their thirsty land by the clud seeding.
Nrman Stienwand, wh farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings n this issue fr years “Basically, the prvincial gvernment is letting the insurance cmpanies prtect the Calgary-Edmntn urban area frm hail,” Mr. Stienwan d says, “but they’re increasing drught risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail prject is managed by Terry Krauss, a clud physicist wh wrks fr Weather Mdificatin Inc. f Farg, Nrth Dakta. “We affect nly a very small percentage f the ttal misture in the air, s we cannt be cusing drught.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the misture dwnwind by creating wetter grund.”
One dubter abut the safety f clud seeding is Chuck Dswell, a research scientist wh just retired frm the University f Oklahma. “In 1999, I persnally saw significant trnades (龙卷风) frm frm a seeded strm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Dswell says. “Des clud seeding create killer strms r reduce misture dwnwind? N ne really knws, f curse, but the seeding ges n.”
Given the degree f dubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it wuld be wise t stp clud seeding.” In practice, dubt has had the ppsite effect. Due t the lack f scientific prf cncerning their impacts, n ne has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against clud-seeding cmpanies. Hence, private climate engineering can prceed in relative legal safety.
8. What des the prject aim t d?
A. Cnserve misture in the sil.B. Prevent the frmatin f hailstnes.
C. Frecast disastrus hailstrms.D. Investigate chemical use in farming.
9. Wh are ppsed t the prject?
A. Farmers in east-central Alberta.B. Managers f insurance cmpanies.
C. Prvincial gvernment fficials.D. Residents f Calgary and Edmntn
10. Why des Dr. Dswell mentin the trnades he saw in 1999?
A. T cmpare different kinds f seeding methds.
B. T illustrate the develpment f big hailstrms.
C. T indicate a pssible danger f clud seeding.
D. T shw the link between strms and misture.
11. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Scientific studies have prved Stienwand right.
B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C. The dubt abut clud seeding has disappeared.
D. Clud-seeding cmpanies will cntinue t exist.
2.（2023年新高考II卷阅读理解D篇）
As cities balln with grwth, access t nature fr peple living in urban areas is becming harder t find. If yu’re lucky, there might be a pcket park near where yu live, but it’s unusual t find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has fund health and wellness benefits f nature fr humans, but a new study shws that wildness in urban areas is extremely imprtant fr human well-being.
The research team fcused n a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-gers, asking them t submit a written summary nline f a meaningful interactin they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissins, cding (编码) experiences int different categries. Fr example, ne participant’s experience f “We sat and listened t the waves at the beach fr a while” was assigned the categries “sitting at beach” and “listening t waves.”
Acrss the 320 submissins, a pattern f categries the researchers call a “nature language” began t emerge. After the cding f all submissins, half a dzen categries were nted mst ften as imprtant t visitrs. These include encuntering wildlife, walking alng the edge f water, and fllwing an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps peple recgnize and take part in the activities that are mst satisfying and meaningful t them. Fr example, the experience f walking alng the edge f water might be satisfying fr a yung prfessinal n a weekend hike in the park. Back dwntwn during a wrkday, they can enjy a mre dmestic frm f this interactin by walking alng a funtain n their lunch break.
“We’re trying t generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactins back int ur daily lives. And fr that t happen, we als need t prtect nature s that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senir authr f the study.
12. What phenmenn des the authr describe at the beginning f the text?
A. Pcket parks are nw ppular.B. Wild nature is hard t find in cities.
C. Many cities are verppulated.D. Peple enjy living clse t nature.
13. Why did the researchers cde participant submissins int categries?
A. T cmpare different types f park-gers.B. T explain why the park attracts turists.
C. T analyze the main features f the park.D. T find patterns in the visitrs’ summaries.
14. What can we learn frm the example given in paragraph 5?
A. Walking is the best way t gain access t nature.
B. Yung peple are t busy t interact with nature.
C. The same nature experience takes different frms.
D. The nature language enhances wrk perfrmance.
15. What shuld be dne befre we can interact with nature accrding t Kahn?
A. Language study.B. Envirnmental cnservatin.
C. Public educatin.D. Intercultural cmmunicatin.
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】形容词后缀的考查
【题型二】副词后缀的考查
【题型三】名词后缀的考查
【题型四】动词后缀的考查
【题型五】前缀的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练