


高考英语一轮-非谓语动词:动词不定式(讲义)(原卷版)
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01 \l "__x0001_" 考情透视·目标导航 \l "__x0001_" 2
02 \l "__x0001__1" 知识导图·思维引航 \l "__x0001__1" 3
03 \l "__x0001__2" 考点突破·考法探究 \l "__x0001__2" 3
\l "__x0001__2" 【基础详单】 \l "__x0001_ 【基础详单】" 3
\l "_知识点1 不定式的概念及特点" 知识点1 不定式的概念及特点 \l "_知识点1 不定式的概念及特点" 4
\l "_知识点2 不定式的时态和语态" 知识点2 不定式的时态和语态 \l "_知识点2 不定式的时态和语态" 4
\l "_考点一 不定式的句法功能" 考点一 不定式的句法功能 \l "_考点一 不定式的句法功能" 4
\l "_知识点1 作主语" 知识点1 作主语 \l "_知识点1 作主语" 4
\l "_知识点2 作宾语" 知识点2 作宾语 \l "_知识点2 作宾语" 5
\l "_知识点3 作宾语补足语" 知识点3 作补语 \l "_知识点3 作宾语补足语" 6
\l "_知识点4 作表语" 知识点4 作表语 \l "_知识点4 作表语" 7
\l "_知识点5 作定语" 知识点5 作定语 \l "_知识点5 作定语" 8
\l "_知识点6 作状语" 知识点6 作状语 \l "_知识点6 作状语" 9
\l "_考点二 不定式的特殊用法" 考点二 不定式的特殊用法 \l "_考点二 不定式的特殊用法" 11
\l "_知识点1 疑问词+不定式" 知识点1 疑问词+不定式 \l "_知识点1 疑问词+不定式" 11
\l "_知识点2 不定式的省略" 知识点2 不定式的省略 \l "_知识点2 不定式的省略" 12
\l "_知识点3 不定式的主动形式表被动含义" 知识点3 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义 \l "_知识点3 不定式的主动形式表被动含义" 12
\l "__x0001__3" 04 真题练习·命题洞现
1. \l "_一 真题实战" 真题实战 \l "_一 真题实战" 13
2. \l "_二、 命题演练" 命题演练 \l "_二、 命题演练" 14
三年真题考点分布
【基础详单】
知识点1 不定式的概念及特点
非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语,但保留动词的某些特征的动词形式。包括动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)三类,它们没有人称和数的变化,但根据发生的时间、状态及主被动关系有形式上的变化,还可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式的基本构成形式:“t+动词原形”。
知识点2 不定式的时态和语态
考点一 不定式的句法功能
知识点1 作主语
不定式作主语表具体行为,表特指(对比:动名词作主语表泛指,是抽象行为)
不定式作主语三情况:直接作主语;It作形式主语;wh-t d短语作主语(谓语用单数)。
常考句型It is+ adj. +f / fr sb t d sth 结构;It takes sb. time t d sth.等。
【名师提醒】 1.不定式作主语时,相当于名词或代词,谓语动词用单数形式。 2. “赞扬,责备”的形容词通常用f sb作逻辑主语:wrng, right, kind, nice, brave, careful, careless, greedy, hnest, lazy, mdest, selfish, thughtful, implite, plite, clever, flish, silly, stupid, cruel, rude, generus,cnsiderable等。3. 以下形容词通常用fr sb作逻辑主语:easy, hard, difficult, imprtant, necessary, impssible, pssible, safe, dangerus, unusual, wnderful等用fr sb作逻辑主语。
例1:T succeed calls fr hard wrk. 成功需要副词艰辛的劳动。
例2:It’s nt easy t find yur way arund the small twn.在这个小镇要找到路很不容易。
典例1.(2024·浙江卷1月七选五)I think a pint that many peple lse sight f is hw easy it can be t fall behind schedule.
【名师点睛】在分析句子结构时,遇到长难句中的非谓语动词,如果句子成分理解错误,就会曲解句意。
典例2.【2021·英语全国甲卷】 It is pssible ______ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
【思维建模】遇到设空处为动词的题时,若句中已有谓语动词且不存在并列谓语或从句的谓语,考虑设空词为非谓语动词。观察句子结构,it充当形式主语,则t walk作真正的主语。
【变式训练】Frtunately, nwadays it is much easier ________(make)ec-friendly lifestyle chices.
知识点2 作宾语
名师点睛:下列动词后跟不定式和ing形式作宾语含义不同。
frget t d 忘记要去做某事(未做)
frget ding 忘记已经做过某事(已做)
remember t d 记得将要做某事(未做)
remember ding 记得已经做过某事(已做)
regret t d 遗憾去做某事(未做)
regret ding 后悔做过某事(已做)
g n t d 继续做另一件事 (对象变了)
g n ding 继续做正在做的事 (对象不变)
stp t d 停下来去做另一件事 (对象变了)
stp ding 停止做某事 (对象不变)
can’t help t d 不能帮助做某事
can’t help ding 情不自禁做某事
mean t d 打算做某事(未做)
mean ding 意味着做某事 (解释作用)
try t d 努力做某事(不一定成功)
try ding 尝试做某事 (强调尝试和行动)
【易错提醒】 1. 动词want, need, require作“需要”讲时,其后要用v.-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语。与此用法相同的动词还有deserve(值得)。 2. 不定式作动词(短语)learn, decide, knw, wnder, shw, tell, understand, explain, teach, advise, find ut 等的宾语时,前面常带引导词hw, what, whether, where, when, wh等。 3. 介词后一般要接v.-ing形式作宾语,但介词but/except后接不定式作宾语时,若前有实义动词d,不定式要省略t。
典例1.(2023·新高考I卷·语法填空)The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerusly ht. T eat ne, yu have t decide whether (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
典例2.(2023·江苏省南通市高三调研)While much attentin is paid t the utside f a bag-its design, brand and, unavidably, its price tag, mst peple tends___ ___(ignre) the rich and cmplex internal life hidden in it.
【思维建模】根据句中的谓语动词tend可知此处考查非谓语形式作宾语,牢记只跟不定式作宾语的动词形式。
【变式训练1】The tw girls are s alike that strangers find ________ difficult t tell ne frm the ther.
【变式训练2】The x was riginally first, but he was s kind that he agreed ____ ____(carry) the little rat acrss the river.
知识点3 作宾语补足语
1. see类动词(不定式作宾补省t):巧记--让美克注意听听看看这块表有的感觉-- let, make, ntice, hear, listen t, see, bserve, watch, have, feel。
2. ask/beg/require/request/tell/advise/allw/permit/cause/encurage/expect/wish/frce/blige/invite/
need/rder/persuade/remind/teach/urge/want/get/like/hate/warn/help/prefer等动词后只接t d 作宾补 sb t d……:
3. 用于“with+名词+不定式”,表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。
4. be said类动词:be said/believed/reprted/knwn t d类句型,可以转化为It is said that…
5.think, cnsider, believe, suppse, feel, find, understand等后常用t be作宾补或主补。
【易错提醒】 有些动词用带t的不定式作补足语,但使役动词(make, let, have等)与感官动词(watch, hear, feel, ntice, see等)用于主动语态时,作其宾语补足语的不定式省略t;但当这些词用于被动语态时,t不能省略(let除外)。
Chinese peple are cnsidered t be the mst hard-wrking peple in the wrld.
中国人被认为是世界上最勤劳的人民。
If we expect peple t give up the habit f driving,we must give them an alternative they can rely n.
如果我们期望人们放弃开车的习惯,我们必须给他们可以依赖的选择。
The president was reprted t have visited China. 据报道,那位总统已经访问了中国。
He made his wrkers wrk 12 hurs a day.(主动)他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。
→His wrkers were made t wrk 12 hurs a day.(被动)
典例1.(2023·新高考I卷·语法填空)Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them
(lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
【易错提醒】考试容易只关注结构,忽略句意理解,句中对不定式被动形式的考查侧重逻辑意思的理解。
典例2.(2023·湖南省雅礼十六校联考)Tw things I did may have caused peple ________(think) that smething is wrng with me.
【变式训练1】On this day, the mn is said (be) its biggest and brightest.
【变式训练2】With s many prblems (deal) with, I need t wrk vertime tmrrw.
知识点4 作表语
不定式作表语起解释说明作用。主语通常是jb, task, wish, hpe, duty, wrk, thing, gal, aim, prblem, questin, happiness, what, advice, idea等可表示抽象含义的词。
表示一般的概念时,不定式、动词ing形式可以互换,而表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式。
【名师点睛】主语部分含义实义动词d的形式时,作表语的不定式可省t。
What she likes is watching/t watch children play. 她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。
My wish is t becme a gd teacher.我的愿望就是要当个好老师。
The nly thing that he can d nw is (t) abandn the plan. 现在他唯一能做的事情是放弃这个计划。
All yu need t d nw is cmplete the frm.你现在要做的是把这张表填好。
What I want t d mst in senir high schl is imprve my English.
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。
典例1.(2024·全国高三专题训练)What yu have t remember is (put) the glass dwn.
例2.(2023·重庆八中模拟)) But the ne thing that reading a bk r talking t smene cannt d is ________ (prvide) yu with the experience f wandering Paris n ft.
【变式训练】Scientists arund the wrld are lking fr all kinds f ways t prtect and maybe even revive crals. One ptin is ______ (create) mre marine prtected areas-essentially natinal parks in the cean.
知识点5 作定语
不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后,表示将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系。
序数词,形容词最高级,the last, the nly 等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后,常用不定式作定语。
表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰,如:chance, need, prmise, ability, way, pprtunity, right, attempt, plan, evidence等。
【易错提醒】如果不定式与所修饰名词为动宾关系,且是不及物动词,则在动词后加适当的介词。
【名师点睛】
1.不定式作定语:
His first bk t be published is based n a true stry.他要出版的第一本书以一个真实的故事为依据写的。
The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.表达一个想法的能力和想法本身一样重要。
Tday I have nthing/smething t say at the cnference.今天我在会议上没有什么可说的。
I was watching the clck all thrugh the meeting, as I had a train t catch.
2.不定式作定语,修饰序数词等:
He is always the first t arrive and the last t leave the schl. 他总是第一个到校,最后一个离校。
She was the first/secnd/third/tenth (student) t cme t schl tday.
3.不定式作定语,不省略介词:
1.I have n pen t write with.我没有写字用的钢笔。
2.Suddenly a gd idea ccurred t her,but she culdn't find any paper t write n.
突然她想到了一个好主意,但是她找不到纸把它写下来。
Yu shuld find a bright huse t live in.你应该找一所明亮的房子来住。
D yu have a pen t write a letter with?你有笔可以写信吗?
Yu will have t buy a piece f paper t write the ntice n.你得买一张纸来写通知。
At the department stre there are a lt f cameras t chse frm.在这个百货公司里,有很多相机可供选择。
He is a gd persn t wrk with.他是个值得共事的好人。
4.不定式作定语时间关系与主被动关系的区别:
1. I will attend the meeting t be held next Tuesday. (表将来, 被动)
2. I attended the meeting held last Friday. (表过去, 完成, 被动)
3. I will attend the meeting being held at the hall nw. (表进行,被动)
典例1.(2022·全国甲卷)A visuallychallenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi'an, as a first step ________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft.
典例2.(23-24高三·河北衡水·期中)Afterwards, the USSR fcused n sending peple int space, and n 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld (g) int space. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【变式训练1】The first human case f mnkeypx was recrded in 1970 in the Demcratic Republic f the Cng (DRC) during a perid f intensified effrt ________ (get) rid f smallpx.
【变式训练2】Gaining inspiratin frm jade fr a secnd time hnrs the Chinese capital’s unique psitin as the first city _____ _____(hst) the Summer and Winter Olympics.
知识点6 作状语
不定式作目的状语,多用于t d, s as t d, in rder t d结构。注意逻辑主语一致性,位于句末前边不能有逗号。s as t一般不可置于句首,意为“为了;想要”。
不定式作结果状语,多用于t…t, enugh t d, nly t d, s…as t, such as t等结构。
不定式作原因状语,常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+t d”结构中。这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap,expensive,fit,cmfrtable,dangerus,heavy,gd,imprtant,impssible,surprised,astnished, delighted, disappinted 等。
1.不定式作目的状语:
1. T cmplete the prject in time, the wrkers will have t wrk day and night.
2. T be a winner, yu need t give all yu have and try yur best.
3. Many airlines nw allw passengers t print their barding passes nline t save their valuable time.
4. Yu must set ut at nce in rder nt (s as nt ) t be late fr schl.
5. Many peple have t wear glasses t/in rder t/s as t see distant bjects clearly.
= T/in rder t see distant bjects clearly, many peple have t wear glasses.
2 .不定式作结果状语:
常用于s/such…as t…(如此…以致…);enugh …t …(足够);nly t …(结果);never t…(结果再也没有) ; t… t…(太…而不能…)等结构中。
She was s late as t miss half f the lecture.她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。
The huse is large enugh t hld tw hundred peple.这座房子足够大,可以容纳两百人。
The by is t yung t attend schl. 这男孩年纪太小,不能上学。
nly t d/be dne: 表示一种预料之外的结果。常含有 “ 惊讶,失望,放心 ”之意。
She hurried t the statin, nly t be tld that the 9:45 train had left.
她急忙赶到车站,却被告知9点45分的火车已经走了。
Tm tk a taxi t the airprt, nly t find his plane high up in the sky.
汤姆乘出租车去了机场,却发现他的飞机高高升在空中。
3 .不定式作原因状语:
以下情感类形容词后常接不定式的主动形式:hard, difficult, easy, light, heavy, nice, gd, clear, dangerus, pleasant, interesting, fit, bitter, exciting, cmfrtable, cnvenient, amusing, impssible等。在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。不定式中的动词必须是及物动词,若为不及物动词,则要在其后加上适当的介词,使之构成及物动词短语。
She was srry t have kept us waiting s lng.她很抱歉让我们等了这么久。
This bk is difficult t understand.这本书很难懂。
Chngqing is hard/difficult/easy t find n this map.重庆在这张地图上很难/很难/容易找到。
In many peple’s pinin, that cmpany is pleasant t deal with.
例5 The picture is pleasant t lk at.这张画很好看。
例6.This building is dangerus/pleasant/cmfrtable t live in.这栋建筑住起来很危险,很舒适。
典例1.(湖南天壹名校联盟2023-2024学年高三大联考试题)He was excited (experience) calligraphy and shwed admiratin fr Chinese culture, despite nt having visited China.
4 .不定式作独立成分:
t tell the truth说实话; t be hnest诚实地说; t put it briefly前言之;
t be frank坦白地说; t begin/start with首先; t make things/matters wrse更糟糕的是; t put it in a nutshell简而言之
典例1.(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) 61. (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
典例2.(2024·北京专题训练)She called fr actin (address) the struggles f peple arund the wrld facing “t little water r t dirty water”.
【变式训练1】Thse f us wh watched the lunar vyage f Apll11 were amazed as we saw the first man walk n the mn. But ______ (get) there thse astrnauts literally had t break ut f the huge gravity pull f the earth.
【变式训练2】He used different shades f ink ____ ___ (mdel) the shrimp’s trs (躯干) and head. These shrimps are nt just passive subject matter; rather they are firmly stating their presence.
题型
考情统计
考情分析
语法填空
、
改错
年份
卷别
不定式
考点
分析近年高考真题可知,近3年高考对于不定式的考查一直是高频考点,主要考查:
1.不定式作状语;
2.不定式作定语;
3. 不定式作补语;
4. 不定式作主语和宾语;
5. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。
复习目标:
掌握不定式的形式和用法;
掌握不定式的固定搭配和特殊用法;
2024
1月浙江卷
t benefit
作目的状语
2023
新高考Ⅰ卷
whether t bite
作宾语
新高考Ⅰ卷
t be lifted
作宾补
全国甲卷
t teach
used t be(改错)
作目的状语
作宾语
2022
新高考I卷
t increase
作状语
新高考II卷
t see
作目的状语
新高考II卷
hw t thank
作宾语
全国甲卷
was unwilling (t)改错
作宾语
全国乙卷
T strengthen
作目的状语
浙江6月卷
tells yu nt t d
作宾补
浙江1月卷
t cntinue
作宾语
北京卷
t harm
作定语
上海7月卷
t achieve
作状语
上海1月卷
t see
作定语
种类
时态
主动形式及意义
被动形式及意义
不定式
一般式
t d 将要发生或与谓语动作同时发生
t be dne 被动、将来
进行式
t be ding 谓语发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生
完成式
t have dne发生在谓语动词的动作之前
t have been dne被动、发生在谓语动词的动作之前
口诀
动词
希望学会想决心
hpe/wish/expect, learn, want, tend, decide/determine
设法拒绝愿假装
manage, refuse, care, pretend
主动承诺选计划
ffer, prmise, chse, plan
请求同意来帮忙
ask/beg, agree , help
考点二 不定式的特殊用法
知识点1 疑问词+不定式
【易错提醒】why不能用于“疑问词+不定式”结构。
例1.我不知道怎样回到村子。
I didn’t knw hw I culd get back t the village.
=I didn’t knw hw t get back t the village.
典例1.(2023·新高考I卷)T eat ne, yu have t decide whether (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
典例2.浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)One shuld be clear abut what (lve) r hate. Ren cmes frm learning and self-cultivatin: it can be seen frm a persn’s appearance.
知识点2 不定式的省略
I watched the girl enter the hall.我看着那个小女孩走进了大厅。
The girl was watched t enter the hall.
He refuses t spend time with us r d as we tell him.(并列关系,d前省略了t)
他拒绝花时间和我们在一起,也拒绝照我们说的做。
They came nt t save us, but t cnquer us.(对比关系,不能省t)
他们不是来救我们的,而是来征服我们的。
知识点3 不定式的主动形式表被动含义
不定式的主动形式
一 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时
That flying bird is impssible t catch. 那只会飞的鸟是不可能被抓住的。
If yu want t make even greater prgress in yur studies, yu still have many difficulties t vercme.
如果你想在学业上取得更大的进步,那么你还需要克服许多困难。
二 在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中,性质形容词如easy,hard,difficult,safe,interesting,heavy,pleasant, cmfrtable,dangerus,impssible 等。
He is nt easy t get alng with. 他不易相处。
The bk is very interesting t read.这本书读一读是很有趣的。
三 不定式与疑问代词连用时。
I dn't knw which t chse because there isn’t any difference between the tw.
两者之间毫无差别,所以我真不知道该选哪个。
四 某些动词不定式与be连用时,如t blame(责备),t seek(寻找),t let(出租)等。
He is t blame fr this.他因这件事该受责备。
The answer is nt hard t seek.答案不难寻找。
不定式的被动形式
一 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用被动语态。
A lt f graduates ask t be sent t wrk where they are mst needed every year.
每年都有毕业生要求被派往最需要他们的地方工作。
二 不定式的被动语态一般式通常表示将来的动作。
The tpic t be discussed tmrrw is abut climate change
明天要讨论的主题是关于气候变化的。
三 不定式的被动语态完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。
The nvel is said t have been translated int several languages.
这部小说据说被翻译成了种语言。
一 真题实战
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2024年浙江1月卷)The shelves in mst supermarkets are full f family-size this and multi-buy that. Hwever, if yu’re shpping fr ne, buying extra (benefit) frm price reductins desn’t make sense.
2.(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi’an, as a first step ______ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft.
3.(2022全国乙卷)__________ (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, inviting twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
4.(2024九省联考卷)He knws that cmputers are here (stay) and that they will nt disappear.
5.(2022浙江卷)Thrugh tuch, the ne thing gallery signs tell yu nt __________ (d).
6.(2019新课标II卷)Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award,prud Irene declared she had n plans _____________(retire) frm her 36-year-ld business.
二、 命题演练
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2024届福建省三明市等5地高三一模试题)In 1941, she became the first Chinese wman ever______ (appint) directr f the OB-GYN department f the PUMC Hspital, but later, the department was clsed because f the war.
2.(湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题) (satisfy) the diverse tastes f tday’s yuth, sellers are putting fancy decratins n this ancient cstume.
3.(广东省深圳市富源学校2023-2024学年调研试题)Ht liquid sugar is used (create) tw-dimensinal figures like small animals.
4.(广东省六校2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题)Dr. Wang began t questin the umbrella species narrative and carried ut research, nly (find) that panda cnservatin had nt helped large carnivres in China.
5.(福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024年高三试题)Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking (远足) and accmmdatins aim (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
6.(福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年高三试题)In recent years, Yucun has made the effrt____ (imprve) its envirnment and by nw it has becme a ppular turist destinatin.
7.(福建省龙岩第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题)“I feel quite hnred t be invlved in such significant wrk.” Duan said. “ (create) a mre beautiful wrld, humans and wild animals, I hpe, can live in harmny.”
8.(2024·河北省沧州市联考)That day, lcal Ya peple tk their clthes utside their huse t dry and seek frtune. Later, dressed in their treasured cstumes, they shwcased hw t make traditinal clthes, perfrmed grup weddings and gave ther unique perfrmances as a way (attract)turists.
9.(2024·河南省平顶山许昌济源洛阳四市第一次质量检测)Cmpared with Tai Chi, Baduanjin is mre suitable fr beginners with its simple and gentle mvements. It can enhance immunity and enable peple (relax). It is als a very lw-cst scial activity fr the yung peple in China.
10.(2024·广东省广东省四校联考月考)It is believed that the bird’s versized tail was made (prevent) the sculpture frm leaning frward when laid n a surface.
动词不定式可以与疑问代词wh, whm, what, which, whse及疑问副词when, where, hw等连用,构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。
感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略t(注意被动语态中t应加上);
在介词but, except表示“除了”之意的单词前,若有实义动词d, 作宾语的不定式则省略t;若无d, 则t不能省略。
两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时,后面的t可以省略;如果两个或多个不定式短语表示对比关系时,则保留t。
4.下列句型常省略t:
may as well d sth 最好还是做……
had better d 最好做某事
d nthing but d sth 别无选择只好做某事
can’t help but d sth. 禁不住做某事
Why nt d sth? 何不做某事?
prefer t d…rather than d sth, 宁愿做……而不愿做……
wuld rather d…than d… 宁愿做……而不愿做……
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